1. Partial Replacement of Animal Proteins with Plant Proteins for 12 Weeks Accelerates Bone Turnover Among Healthy Adults: A Randomized Clinical Trial
- Author
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Anne-Maria Pajari, Essi Päivärinta, Christel Lamberg-Allardt, Juha Risteli, Maijaliisa Erkkola, Tiina Pellinen, Hanna Viitakangas, and Suvi T. Itkonen
- Subjects
Adult ,Male ,Meat ,030309 nutrition & dietetics ,Medicine (miscellaneous) ,Physiology ,Parathyroid hormone ,chemistry.chemical_element ,030209 endocrinology & metabolism ,Calcium ,Bone resorption ,Bone and Bones ,Bone remodeling ,03 medical and health sciences ,Young Adult ,0302 clinical medicine ,N-terminal telopeptide ,Bone Density ,Vitamin D and neurology ,Medicine ,Animals ,Humans ,Plant Proteins ,2. Zero hunger ,0303 health sciences ,Nutrition and Dietetics ,business.industry ,Middle Aged ,3. Good health ,chemistry ,Plant protein ,Female ,Analysis of variance ,Dietary Proteins ,business - Abstract
BACKGROUND Plant-based diets may reduce the risk of chronic diseases, but can also lead to low calcium and vitamin D intakes, posing a risk for bone health. OBJECTIVES We investigated whether partial replacement of animal proteins with plant-based proteins using a whole-diet approach affects bone and mineral metabolism in healthy adults in 3 groups fed diets differing in protein composition. METHODS This 12-week clinical trial was comprised of 107 women and 29 men (20-69 years old; BMI mean ± SD, 24.8 ± 3.9) randomly assigned to consume 1 of 3 diets designed to provide 17 energy percent (E%) protein: "animal" (70% animal protein, 30% plant protein of total protein intake), "50/50" (50% animal, 50% plant), and "plant" (30% animal, 70% plant) diets. We examined differences in bone formation [serum intact procollagen type I amino-terminal propeptide (S-iPINP)], bone resorption [serum collagen type 1 cross-linked C-terminal telopeptide (S-CTX)], mineral metabolism markers (primary outcomes), and nutrient intakes (secondary outcomes) by ANOVA/ANCOVA. RESULTS S-CTX was significantly higher in the plant group (mean ± SEM, 0.44 ± 0.02 ng/mL) than in the other groups (P values
- Published
- 2020