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Additional file 1: Figure S1. Optimization of reaction conditions. Figure S2. Typical EDS pattern of Mn-N-CNSs. Figure S3. Stability of the Mn-N-CNSs in different biological fluids. Figure S4. The fluorescence stability of Mn-N-CNSs. Figure S5. Effect of pH (A) and ionic strengths (B) on the fluorescence intensity of Mn-N-CNSs. Figure S6. Fluorescence (A) and T1-weighted images as well as T1 relaxation time (B) of urine samples, taken ~ 12 h after the injection of Mn-N-CNSs@Anti-HE4. Figure S7. Complete blood count study of the mice treated by Mn-N-CNSs@Anti-HE4 at various concentraions for 1, 8, 22 days. Figure S8. Body weight changes of the mice after the administration of Mn-N-CNSs and saline for different days.

TiO2 nanorod arrays (NRAs) were synthesized directly on the fluorine tin oxide (FTO) coated glass substrates by a facile hydrothermal route. The effects of growth time on the photoelectrochemical (PEC) properties of TiO2 NRAs are investigated. The samples synthesized for 4 h exhibit a photocurrent intensity of 0.37 mA/cm2 at the irradiation of Xe lamp and a bias of 0 V. As the growth time increases, the thickness and order degree of the NRAs are enhanced, but the photocurrent is reduced a lot. It might be associated with the hindering of a high background electron density in NRs due to the long-time hydrothermal reaction in acid environment. Moreover, the decline behavior is observed, which is attributed to the poor charge separation capacity of TiO2 array electrodes and could be suppressed efficiently by applying a suitable positive bias.