21,667 results on '"A. Gillespie"'
Search Results
2. Clinical and radiographic outcomes following anatomic total shoulder arthroplasty utilizing an inset glenoid component at 2-year minimum follow-up: a dual center study
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Peter S. Johnston, John T. Strony, Jessica L. Churchill, Roma Kankaria, Benjamin W. Sears, Grant E. Garrigues, and Robert J. Gillespie
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Orthopedics and Sports Medicine ,Surgery ,General Medicine - Abstract
Anatomic total shoulder arthroplasty (aTSA) is a successful and reproducible treatment for patients with painful glenohumeral arthritis. However, long-term outcomes using traditional onlay glenoid components have been tempered by glenoid loosening. Inset components have been proposed to minimize glenoid loosening by reducing edge-loading and opposite-edge lift-off forces with humeral translation. Successful short and long-term outcomes have been reported while using inset glenoid implants. The current study is the largest study presenting a minimum of two-year follow-up data following aTSA with an all-polyethylene inset glenoid component (Shoulder Innovations, Holland, MI).A dual center, retrospective review of patients undergoing aTSA using an Inset glenoid component by two fellowship-trained shoulder surgeons at two separate institutions from August, 2016 to August, 2019 was performed. Minimum follow up was two years. Range of motion (ROM), Visual Analog Pain Scores (VAS), Single Assessment Numeric Evaluation (SANE), and American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons (ASES) scores were obtained. Radiographic outcomes, including central peg lucency and glenoid loosening, were assessed by three independent reviewers on the postoperative Grashey and axillary radiographs obtained at the final follow-up.Seventy-five shoulders were included for final analysis. The mean age of the entire cohort was 64 (±11.4) years. Twenty-one (28%) glenoids were type A1, 10 (13.3%) were type A2, 13 (17.3%) were type B1, 22 (29.3%) were type B2, six (8%) were type B3 and three (4%) were type D. At a minimum follow-up of 24 months (mean 28.7 months), a significant improvement in ROM in all planes was observed. Significant improvements in VAS (5.1 to 0.9, p0.001), SANE (39.5 to 91.2, p0.001) and ASES (43.7 to 86.6, p0.001) scores were observed. There were four (5.3%) cases of central peg lucency about the inset glenoid component and one (1.3%) cases of glenoid loosening. No revisions were performed for glenoid loosening.At a minimum of two years postoperatively, there were significant improvements in ROM and VAS, SANE, and ASES scores with very low rates of central peg lucency and glenoid loosening in patients undergoing aTSA with an inset glenoid component. Further work is needed to determine the long-term benefit of this novel implant.
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- 2023
3. Pyrolysis schedule optimization of benzoxazine-derived carbon/carbon composites through reaction rate optimization
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Faheem Muhammed, Tania Lavaggi, Laure Moretti, Suresh Advani, and John W. Gillespie
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Process Chemistry and Technology ,Materials Chemistry ,Ceramics and Composites ,Surfaces, Coatings and Films ,Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials - Published
- 2023
4. Vocalisation rates of the North Atlantic right whale (Eubalaena glacialis)
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J. N. Matthews, S. Brown, D. Gillespie, M. Johnson, R. McLanaghan, A. Moscrop, D. Nowacek, R. Leaper, T. Lewis, and P. Tyack
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Animal Science and Zoology ,Aquatic Science ,Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics - Abstract
Vocalisation rates were measured from North Atlantic right whales (Eubalaena glacialis) in spring 1999-2000 in the Great South Channel and off Cape Cod, USA, and in summer 1999-2000 in the Bay of Fundy, Canada. Vocalisations were classed as either ‘moans’, ‘low-frequency (LF) calls’ or ‘gunshots’. Towed hydrophone recordings (36.1 hours) were made in 21 encounters where loose aggregations of right whales were within about 1,000m. Recordings were also made using acoustic tags attached by suction cups to ten different whales (29.5 hours). Tags also recorded depth data. Moan rates (sounds per aggregation per hour) were correlated with size of whale aggregation. Individual whales produced moans at ~ 0-10 per hour (recorded from tags and the towed hydrophone). Small aggregations (2-10) gave higher moan rates (usually < ~ 60 per hr) and larger aggregations ( > 10) higher still ( ~ 70-700 per hr) (recorded from towed hydrophone). Results from the Bay of Fundy indicate high moan rates at night. Moans were usually produced in clusters. Tag data showed that moans were usually produced when whales were within about 10m of the surface. A passive acoustic system could potentially provide supplementary information on the distribution of aggregations of right whales. This could be useful for management (1) in the long term, by aiding the prediction of right whale distribution, or (2) as a real-time tool for helping to route shipping away from concentrations of right whales. The empirical evidence presented here on vocalisation rates will assist in assessing feasibility. The clustering of moans and the tendency to produce them near the surface could hamper detection and localisation efforts. Further research is underway to investigate other important practical issues such as detectability and source levels.
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- 2023
5. Coaches and teachers shift noticing across coaching cycles: analysis of video-based annotations
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Julie M. Amador, Ryan Gillespie, and Cynthia Carson
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General Mathematics ,Education - Published
- 2023
6. The Ohio State University Dream Team: Innovation for Wellbeing Fellowship and Coaching Program
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Shannon Gillespie, Audra Hanners, Lisa Militello, Christa Newtz, Susan Thrane, and Taura L. Barr
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General Medicine - Published
- 2023
7. Charge Inversion in 1:1 Electrolytes: Analyzing the Energetics
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Nathalia Salles Vernin, Elvis do Amaral Soares, Frederico W. Tavares, and Dirk Gillespie
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Materials Chemistry ,Physical and Theoretical Chemistry ,Surfaces, Coatings and Films - Published
- 2023
8. A Comparison of Voice Therapy Attendance Rates Between In-Person and Telepractice
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Grace M. Cutchin, Sandeep Shelly, Brian Petty, Eva van Leer, Raquel M. Tripp, Adam M. Klein, and Amanda I. Gillespie
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Speech and Hearing ,Linguistics and Language ,Otorhinolaryngology ,Developmental and Educational Psychology - Abstract
Purpose: This study sought to investigate whether a significant difference exists in attendance, cancellations, and no-shows between in-person therapy and telepractice. The authors hypothesized that telepractice no-show and cancellation rates would be less than in-person no-show and cancellation rates. Method: This retrospective study manually reviewed and analyzed attendance, no-show, and cancellation data over a 3-month span of in-person–only visits (September 2019–November 2019) and a 3-month span of telepractice visits (September 2020–November 2020) conducted at the Emory Voice Center, a tertiary care practice in urban Atlanta, Georgia. Additionally, data were collected for each patient's full course of therapy outside of the 3-month windows and analyzed for attendance, no-show, and cancellation patterns. Results: Data from 521 patients were available for review from the selected time frame. In 2019 (in-person), 157 patients met inclusion criteria, and in 2020 (telepractice), 176 patients were included. Therapy initiation, therapy attendance, and no-show rates had significant increases in the telepractice year, and cancellations made greater than 24 hr before the appointments had a significant decrease in the telepractice year. Furthermore, the overall course of therapy showed significantly fewer missed appointments and more attended appointments in the telepractice year. Conclusions: Patients participating in voice therapy via telepractice are more likely to initiate treatment and attend treatment and less likely to cancel sessions compared with patients receiving treatment in person. These data combined with extant data on telepractice treatment efficacy indicate that telepractice should be considered standard of care and offered to all patients seeking treatment, as it removes many reported barriers to treatment.
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- 2023
9. The Teachings of Mistle Thrush and Kingfisher
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Peter Reason and Sarah Gillespie
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General Environmental Science ,Education - Abstract
What would it be like to learn to live in and experience a world of sentient beings rather than inert objects? How can we learn to awarely participate in a world of communication and interaction, in which trees, crows and rivers may grace us with a response to our attention and our call? How do we learn not just to know this intellectually but ‘proved upon our pulses’, as John Keats put it. As artist and writer, we reflect on the contribution our practices can have to the ecological crisis of our times, drawing on living cosmos panpsychism and examples from our practice.
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- 2023
10. Restrictive measures in forensic mental health and their role in recovery: a narrative literature review
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Holly Scott and Mark Gillespie
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General Earth and Planetary Sciences ,General Environmental Science - Abstract
Forensic mental health inpatient services are required to use restrictive interventions within their care and treatment, in the interests of security and risk management of people with mental illness and a history of criminal offence. However, such restrictive practices can often hinder the patient's process of recovery as well as the mental health professional's ability to provide recovery-oriented care. As some research suggests that restrictive measures are often favoured over more therapeutic options, there is a need to understand the influence this has on rehabilitation and the available alternatives. A narrative literature review was conducted to identify the specific restrictive measures that are used within these services and suggest alternative therapeutic strategies. A variety of methods of coercive treatment were identified, leading to recommendations around areas such as training, processes and therapeutic milieu.
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- 2023
11. The burden of surgical site infections in Australia: A cost-of-illness study
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Ruth Royle, Brigid M. Gillespie, Wendy Chaboyer, Joshua Byrnes, and Son Nghiem
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Infectious Diseases ,Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health ,General Medicine - Published
- 2023
12. Why Won’t It Stop: Workplace Violence in Emergency Care
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Gordon L. Gillespie and Sara Tamsukhin
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Emergency Nursing - Published
- 2023
13. [Artículo traducido] Necesidades clínicas no satisfechas y patrones de tratamiento de los pacientes pediátricos con psoriasis: estudio de evidencia en el mundo real en España
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R. de Lucas, A. Vicente, C. Richardson, J. Lucas, L. Gillespie-Akar, L. Gómez-Labrador, and A. Torrelo
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General Medicine - Published
- 2023
14. Clinical features and management of individuals admitted to hospital with monkeypox and associated complications across the UK: a retrospective cohort study
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Douglas L Fink, Helen Callaby, Akish Luintel, William Beynon, Helena Bond, Eleanor Y Lim, Effrossyni Gkrania-Klotsas, Jospeh Heskin, Margherita Bracchi, Balram Rathish, Iain Milligan, Geraldine O'Hara, Stephanie Rimmer, Joanna R Peters, Lara Payne, Nisha Mody, Bethany Hodgson, Penny Lewthwaite, Rebecca Lester, Stephen D Woolley, Ann Sturdy, Ashley Whittington, Leann Johnson, Nathan Jacobs, John Quartey, Brendan AI Payne, Stewart Crowe, Ivo AM Elliott, Thomas Harrison, Joby Cole, Katie Beard, Tomas-Paul Cusack, Imogen Jones, Rishi Banerjee, Tommy Rampling, Jake Dunning, Iain D Milligan, Alison J Rodger, Sanjay R Bhagani, Lucy E Lamb, Rachel C Moores, Simon F K Lee, Colin S Brown, Susan Hopkins, Stephen Mepham, Simon Warren, Aoife Molloy, Ian Cropley, Alex Kew, Natasha Karunaharan, Antonia Scobie, Jennifer Hart, Dianne Irish, Tanzina Haque, Hamid Jalal, Robin Smith, Damien Mack, Tristan Barber, Fiona Burns, Robert Miller, Eleanor Hamlyn, Pedro Simoes, Breda Athan, Jennifer Abrahamsen, Jessica Joyce, Caroline Taylor, Sally Reddecliffe, Chloe Miller, Brooke Reeve, Hugh Kingston, Tim Crocker-Buque, Nicolas Massie, Ankush Dhariwal, Angelina Jayakumar, Robert Hammond, Alexandra Bramley, Tanmay Kanitkar, Laura Maynard-Smith, Eliza Gil, Cavan O'Connor, Derek Cocker, Wendy Spicer, Marisa Lanzman, Meera Thacker, Zoe O Anorson, Dharmesh Patel, Alan Williams, Catherine F Houlihan, Dominic Wakerley, Claire N Gordon, Daniel J Bailey, Jenna Furneaux, Abbie M Bown, Elizabeth J Truelove, Marian J Killip, David Jackson, Tracy L B Beetar-King, Ulrike M V Arnold, Rhea M Strachan, Jones Matthew, Hannah J Matthew, Jane C Osborne, Richard Vipond, Barry Gibney, Jodie Owen, Will Beynon, Michael Hunter, Louise McCorry, Carol Emerson, Say Quah, Suzanne Todd, Emma McCarty, Eoin Walker, Susan Feeney, Tanya Curran, Kathy Li, JD Mullan, Kate Jackson, Peter Nelson, Kevin Lewis, Mark McNicol, Marcus Pratt, Anna Smith, Erin Vos, Fahad Alsalemee, Daniel O Leary, John Canny, Katherine McGinnity, Carly Culbert, Conor McDowell, Cathy McQuillan, Eunjin Jeong, Lynsey Glass, Jessica Dyche, Paula McClean, Rebecca Stewart, Harold Ursolino, Melissa Perry, Hannah McCormick, Joseph Heskin, Nicklas Brown, Thomas Juniper, Borja Mora-Peris, Alessia Dalla-Pria, Nicola Mackie, Lucy Garvey, Alan Winston, Graham Cooke, Mark Nelson, Emer Kilbride, Ala Elbishi, William Kerrigan, Joshua Silva, Jesal Gohil, Sasha Payagala, Yasmin Walters, Joanna Smith, Jonathan Goodfellow, Kitty Lyons, Hsiu Tung, Kinjal Patel, Merle Henderson, Michael Butler, Edu Peres, Taiana Silva Carvalho, Antoine Joly, Molly Dickinson, Luke S P Moore, Nabeela Mughal, Stephen Hughes, Shrada Chitlangia, Priyanka Viramgana, Ruth Byrne, Paul Randell, Luigi Strangis, Nicola Poveda, Deborah Bovey, Poppy Richardson, Vivian Heaslip, Christopher Higgs, Marta Boffito, Nicolo Girometti, Gary Whitlock, Victoria Tittle, Rachel Jones, Michael Rayment, Christopher Scott, David Asboe, Marcus Pond, David Muir, Movin Abeywickrema, Sarah-Lou Bailey, Sara E Boyd, Dayana Da Silva Fontoura, Anna Daunt, Claire Y Mason, Jamie Murphy, Vasanth V Naidu, Aatish Patel, Caitlin Pley, Ethan Redmore, Katherine Sharrocks, Luke B Snell, Rohan Sundramoorthi, Jerry C H Tam, Aisling Brown, Sam Douthwaite, Anna Goodman, Gaia Nebbia, William Newsholme, Nicholas Price, Emily Shaw, Alex Salam, Claire van Nispen tot Pannerden, Helen Winslow, Julia Bilinska, Sarah Keegan, Harry Coleman, Jessica Doctor, Nasreen Moini, Daniella Chilton, Golaleh Haidari, Rebecca Simons, Rajababu Kulasegaram, Nick Larbalestier, Achyuta Nori, Jack R Potter, Cecilia Tuudah, Paul Wade, Alexandra Travers, Sarah Dunford, Joshua Greenwood, Georgina Oledimmah, Lesley Gyampo, Pedro SA Pinto, AbdulKadir Muse, Zoe Parker, Charlotte Alexander, Alexander Khan, Medinat Ajayi, Abigail Baltazar, Davis Sharella, Nasra Hersi, Thuy Nguyen, Rugiatu Timbo, Ismail Jalloh, Susan Bryan, Patricia Clarke, Marcia Kerr, Fidelis Amedu, Maria BohoBonaba, Sarah Haque, Michelle Howson, Norbai Tambilawan, Soledad Yupanqui Estay, Hawanatu Bangura, Tseday Gideon, Damilola Jerome-oboh, Linda Tetteh, Chioma Nwagu, Viwoalo Agbaglah, Nona Narag, Mahima Zaveri, Maedhbh Ni Luanaigh, Peggy Keane, Aula Abbara, Olamide Dosekun, Mhairi Bolland, Adam Stafford, Dina Saleh, Rhianna Sheridan, Ella Davies, Kristi Sun, Mark Gilchrist, Priti Kukadia, Muhammed Embrahimsa, Christopher Chiu, Lauren Taylor, Charlotte Short, Jasmini Alagratnam, Iresh Jayaweera, Kavitha Gundugola, Lara V S Payne, Killian Quinn, Caoimhe Nic Fhogartaigh, Nivenjit Kaur, Salmaan Bholah, Kajann Kantha, Jonathan Youngs, Temi Lampejo, Nicholas Pitto, David S Lawrence, Holly Middleditch, Lourdes Dominguez-Dominguez, Ayoma Ratnappuli, Sara Al-Hashimi, Amelia Oliveira, Zoe Ottaway, Larissa Mulka, Anne M Neary, Michael R Downey, Danielle C Lucy, Craig I McCallum, Michael Beadsworth, Libuse Ratcliffe, Tom E Fletcher, Gerry Davies, Nicholas Wong, Stephen Aston, Thomas E Wingfield, Thomas Blanchard, Paul Hine, Susie Gould, Christopher Smith, Michael Abouyannis, Abolaji Atomode, James Cruise, Merna Samual, Nicola Scott, Vino Srirathan, Joseph Lewis, Lauren Richards, Mary-Ann Cummings, Emily Gillan, Rebecca Peers, Amy Tickle, Grace Keating, Tendi Chinyanda, Mav Sanchez, Daniel Harrison, null Hoyle, Ben Metcalfe, Jennifer Taylor, Nicky Johnson, Neil Kelle, Kirsty McDowell, Ian Richardson, Monette Saguidan, Nicky Farmer, Angella Gillespie, Shay Willoughby, Samantha Parker, Shamseena Avulan, Shazia Arif, Suzanne Marshall, David Carlisle, Mohsen Rezaei, Angela Booth, Joanne Watts, Lauren Tremarco, Priyanga Jeyanayagam, Odinaka Ubochi, Daniel Vagianos, Mark Richardson, Anthony Jarvis, Kyra Gow, Jade Walmsley, Adam O'keefe, Anna Smielewska, Mark Hopkins, Fatima Balane, Sarah Bradley, Tumena Corrah, Venus Daquiz, Christopher Dugan, Joshua Elliot, Fiona Foley, Dawn Friday, May Gamit, David Garner, Karishma Gokani, Laurence John, Deepa Joseph, Nuzhath Khan, Cherifer Mamuyac, Alastair McGregor, John McSorley, Victoria Parris, Luciana Rubinstein, Julian Rycroft, Kelcy Salinas, Jason Salinas, Jency Sebatian, Melanie Smith, Marina Tejero Garcia, Uchenna Ume, Margarete Vicentine, Gabriel Wallis, Alec Bonington, Alison Uriel, Andrew Ustianowski, Balazs Dancso, Celia Hogan, Clare van Halsema, F Javier Vilar, Karen Devine, Katherine Ajdukiewicz, Rajesh Rajendran, Samit Ghosh, Michael Riste, Nicholas Machin, Chitra Babu, Shazaad Ahmad, Dorcas Obeng, Farnaz Dave, Gavin Conolley, Joseph Thompson, Maya Tickell-Painter, Prasun Chakravorty, Rachel Pringle, Mohammad R Zafar, Sarah Lawrence, Amada Sanchez-Gonzalez, Cristina Fernandez, Lynsey Goodwin, David Carey, Molly Howarth-Maddison, Samuel Moody, Rebecca Upton, Christina Apthorp, Charlotte Murray, Kirstie Salthouse, Sabah Nadeem, Grant Ridley, Francesca White, Andrew Brown, Michael Lawless, Mohamed Mohamed, Robert Mulligan, Amy Belfield, Jacob Brolly, Maria Calderon, James Cheveau, Milo Cullinan, Sophie Garrad, Will Griffiths, Aidan Ireland, Peter Ireland, Charlotte Milne, Paul Nwajiugo, Bijan Ghavami-Kia, Chris Duncan, Adam Evans, Ewan Hunter, Ashley Price, Matthias Schmid, Uli Schwab, Yusri Taha, Brendan Payne, Ivo A M Elliott, Charles J Woodrow, Drosos E Karageorgopoulos, Peter J Davis, Emily Lord, Oliver J Bannister, Andrew B Dagens, Anne Tunbridge, Saher Choudry, Adam Telfer, Ihsan Jhibril, Syed N Atta, Ben Stone, Cariad Evans, Mike Ankcorn, Suha Akili, Mehmet Yavuz, Vicky Goodall, Sam Farrow, Georgina Mountford, Kate Beard, Julian Sutton, Tristan Clark, Annette Mason, Mike Vickers, Derek Macallan, Tihana Bicanic, Angela Houston, Cassie Pope, NgeeKeong Tan, Christopher Ward, Jonathan Cohen, Marieke Emonts-le Clercq, David Porter, Andrew Riordan, Ruchi Sinha, Elizabeth Whittaker, and Monkeypox, Specialist and High Consequence Infectious Diseases Centres Network for
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Infectious Diseases - Abstract
Background:The scale of the 2022 global mpox (formerly known as monkeypox) outbreak has been unprecedented. In less than 6 months, non-endemic countries have reported more than 67 000 cases of a disease that had previously been rare outside of Africa. Mortality has been reported as rare but hospital admission has been relatively common. We aimed to describe the clinical and laboratory characteristics and outcomes of individuals admitted to hospital with mpox and associated complications, including tecovirimat recipients. Methods:In this cohort study, we undertook retrospective review of electronic clinical records and pathology data for all individuals admitted between May 6, and Aug 3, 2022, to 16 hospitals from the Specialist and High Consequence Infectious Diseases Network for Monkeypox. The hospitals were located in ten cities in England and Northern Ireland. Inclusion criteria were clinical signs consistent with mpox and MPXV DNA detected from at least one clinical sample by PCR testing. Patients admitted solely for isolation purposes were excluded from the study. Key outcomes included admission indication, complications (including pain, secondary infection, and mortality) and use of antibiotic and anti-viral treatments. Routine biochemistry, haematology, microbiology, and virology data were also collected. Outcomes were assessed in all patients with available data. Findings:156 individuals were admitted to hospital with complicated mpox during the study period. 153 (98%) were male and three (2%) were female, with a median age of 35 years (IQR 30–44). Gender data were collected from electronic patient records, which encompassed full formal review of clincian notes. The prespecified options for data collection for gender were male, female, trans, non-binary, or unknown. 105 (71%) of 148 participants with available ethnicity data were of White ethnicity and 47 (30%) of 155 were living with HIV with a median CD4 count of 510 cells per mm3(IQR 349–828). Rectal or perianal pain (including proctitis) was the most common indication for hospital admission (44 [28%] of 156). Severe pain was reported in 89 (57%) of 156, and secondary bacterial infection in 82 (58%) of 142 individuals with available data. Median admission duration was 5 days (IQR 2–9). Ten individuals required surgery and two cases of encephalitis were reported. 38 (24%) of the 156 individuals received tecovirimat with early cessation in four cases (two owing to hepatic transaminitis, one to rapid treatment response, and one to patient choice). No deaths occurred during the study period. Interpretation:Although life-threatening mpox appears rare in hospitalised populations during the current outbreak, severe mpox and associated complications can occur in immunocompetent individuals. Analgesia and management of superimposed bacterial infection are priorities for patients admitted to hospital.
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- 2023
15. Clinical Unmet Needs and Treatment Patterns of Paediatric Psoriasis Patients: A Real-World Evidence Study in Spain
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R. de Lucas, A. Vicente, C. Richardson, J. Lucas, L. Gillespie-Akar, L. Gómez Labrador, and A. Torrelo
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General Medicine - Published
- 2023
16. 8-Aminoguanine and Its Actions on Renal Excretory Function
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Edwin K. Jackson, Delbert G. Gillespie, and Zaichuan Mi
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Internal Medicine - Abstract
Background: The endogenous purine 8-aminoguanine induces diuresis/natriuresis/glucosuria by inhibiting PNPase (purine nucleoside phosphorylase); however, mechanistic details are unknown. Methods: Here, we further explored in rats 8-aminoguanine’s effects on renal excretory function by combining studies using intravenous 8-aminoguanine, intrarenal artery infusions of PNPase substrates (inosine and guanosine), renal microdialysis, mass spectrometry, selective adenosine receptor ligands, adenosine receptor knockout rats, laser doppler blood flow analysis, cultured renal microvascular smooth muscle cells, HEK293 cells expressing A 2B receptors and homogeneous time resolved fluorescence assay for adenylyl cyclase activity. Results: Intravenous 8-aminoguanine caused diuresis/natriuresis/glucosuria and increased renal microdialysate levels of inosine and guanosine. Intrarenal inosine, but not guanosine, exerted diuretic/natriuretic/glucosuric effects. In 8-aminoguanine-pretreated rats, intrarenal inosine did not induce additional diuresis/natriuresis/glucosuria. 8-Aminoguanine did not induce diuresis/natriuresis/glucosuria in A 2B -receptor knockout rats, yet did so in A 1 - and A 2A -receptor knockout rats. Inosine’s effects on renal excretory function were abolished in A 2B knockout rats. Intrarenal BAY 60-6583 (A 2B agonist) induced diuresis/natriuresis/glucosuria and increased medullary blood flow. 8-Aminoguanine increased medullary blood flow, a response blocked by pharmacological inhibition of A 2B , but not A 2A , receptors. In HEK293 cells expressing A 2B receptors, inosine activated adenylyl cyclase, and this was abolished by MRS 1754 (A 2B antagonist). In renal microvascular smooth muscle cells, 8-aminoguanine and forodesine (PNPase inhibitor) increased inosine and 3’,5’-cAMP; however, in cells from A 2B knockout rats, 8-aminoguanine and forodesine did not augment 3’,5’-cAMP yet increased inosine. Conclusions: 8-Aminoguanine induces diuresis/natriuresis/glucosuria by increasing renal interstitial levels of inosine which, via A 2B receptor activation, increases renal excretory function, perhaps in part by increasing medullary blood flow.
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- 2023
17. Phonation Resistance Training Exercises (PhoRTE) With and Without Expiratory Muscle Strength Training (EMST) For Patients With Presbyphonia: A Noninferiority Randomized Clinical Trial
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Edie R. Hapner, Michael A. Belsky, Scott D. Rothenberger, Sandeep Shelly, Aaron Ziegler, Amanda I. Gillespie, Jackie Gartner-Schmidt, and Bari Hoffman
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medicine.medical_specialty ,business.industry ,Voice therapy ,Resistance training ,Repeated measures design ,Expiratory Muscle Strength Training ,LPN and LVN ,law.invention ,030507 speech-language pathology & audiology ,03 medical and health sciences ,Speech and Hearing ,0302 clinical medicine ,Otorhinolaryngology ,Quality of life ,Randomized controlled trial ,law ,Statistical significance ,Physical therapy ,Medicine ,Phonation ,030223 otorhinolaryngology ,0305 other medical science ,business - Abstract
Presbyphonia negatively impacts quality of life in patients with age-related voice changes. A proof-of-concept study showed promise for high vocal intensity exercise to treat presbyphonia, which became the basis for a novel intervention for age-related voice changes known as Phonation Resistance Training Exercises (PhoRTE). Expiratory Muscle Strength Training (EMST) has also been proposed as an additional intervention to target and strengthen the aging respiratory system; however, EMST has undergone limited evaluation as an adjunct treatment for elderly patients undergoing voice therapy for presbyphonia. This study determined if the addition of EMST to PhoRTE voice therapy (PhoRTE + EMST) is at least as effective at voice improvement as PhoRTE alone.Prospective, randomized, controlled, single-blinded, non-inferiority.Participants aged 55 years or older with a diagnosis of vocal fold atrophy were randomized to complete PhoRTE therapy or PhoRTE + EMST. The primary outcome was change in Voice Handicap Index-10 (VHI-10). Secondary outcomes included the Aging Voice Index, maximum expiratory pressure, and acoustic and aerodynamic measures of voice. Repeated measures linear mixed models were constructed to analyze outcomes at a significance level of α = 0.10.Twenty-six participants were recruited for the study, and 24 participants were randomized to either treatment arm. Sixteen participants completed the entire study. Both treatment arms showed statistically significant and clinically meaningful improvements in VHI-10 (PhoRTE mean [M] = -8.20, P0.001; PhoRTE + EMST M = -9.58, P0.001), and PhoRTE + EMST was noninferior to PhoRTE alone (P = 0.069). Both groups experienced a statistically significant pre-post treatment decrease (improvement) in AVI scores (PhoRTE M = -18.40, P = 0.004; PhoRTE + EMST M = -16.28, P = 0.005). PhoRTE+EMST had statistically significantly greater changes in maximum expiratory pressure compared to PhoRTE alone (PhoRTE M = 8.24 cm HThis study demonstrates that voice therapy targeting high vocal intensity exercise (eg, PhoRTE) and EMST can play a role in improving voice outcomes for patients with presbyphonia.
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- 2023
18. Delivery, barriers, and enablers to patient participation in inpatient cardiac rehabilitation following cardiac surgery: An integrative review
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Dima Nasrawi, Sharon Latimer, Debbie Massey, and Brigid M. Gillespie
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Emergency Nursing ,Critical Care Nursing - Abstract
Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death worldwide. Cardiac surgery is the main treatment followed by inpatient cardiac rehabilitation (ICR) to prepare patients for recovery.The aim of this study was to describe the delivery, barriers, and enablers to patient participation in ICR programs after cardiac surgery.This integrative review was guided by Whittemore and Knafl's methodology. This process included database searches, data evaluation, data integration, and presentation of results. Searched databases included Medline, CINAHL Complete, PsycINFO, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science. Publications dates included 2000 to 2021. Studies included Phase 1/inpatient phase cardiac rehabilitation following cardiac surgery. The Mixed Method Appraisal Tool (2018) was used to assess the quality of the included studies. Inductive content analysis was used to analyse the textual data.Using the inclusion and the exclusion criteria, 607 articles were screened. Five articles were included in this review, and they were appraised. Categories comprised of the following: i) ICR programs using a multidisciplinary approach beginning in the early postoperative stage; ii) ICR programs including multicomponents that were delivered through an individualised approach; and iii) enablers and barriers to patient participation to ICR. The enablers included religious faith and family support, whereas inconsistent pathways of cardiac rehabilitation referrals and detachment from patients' experiences and needs were barriers to participation in ICR.In some instances, ICR programs were delivered using individualised approaches, but this is an area that needs improvement. A multidisciplinary team including nurses should be involved in the ICR phase after cardiac surgery to provide holistic care and enhance patients' preparedness to participate in subsequent phases of rehabilitation. Only five relevant articles addressing the delivery of inpatient cardiac rehabilitation were identified in this specific topic area.
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- 2023
19. Qualitative Analysis of Workplace Assault Outcomes from the Perspectives of Emergency Nurses
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Gordon L. Gillespie and Peggy Berry
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Emergency Nursing - Abstract
Emergency nurses experience a myriad of negative consequences associated with workplace assault. The purpose of this study was to explore the experiences of emergency nurses using the Ecological Occupational Health Model of Workplace Assault.A descriptive qualitative design was used for this study. Data from 167 emergency nurse participants who described an episode of workplace assault were analyzed using a conventional content analysis method.Fourteen codes emerged from the qualitative data that related to 4 categories for the theme, Outcomes of Workplace Assault. The category "Consequences of Assault to Patients and Visitors" was supported by the following codes: use of limit setting; being evicted or removed from the emergency department; having charges pressed or being arrested; use of restraints; and retaliation against aggressor. "Effects on the Worker" was supported by the following codes: physical outcomes and response; psychological outcomes and response; physical support from peers; apologies; and debriefing/supportive care. "Effects on the Workplace" was supported by the following codes: calling for and response by police or security; and visitor response, support, or assistance. "Effects on Patient Care" was supported by the following codes: impact to treatment and work productivity.Workplace assault in the ED setting is associated with consequences of workplace assault to patients and visitors as well as negative effects to emergency nurses, the workplace, and patient care. Emergency nurses need to seek and also offer emotional support after workplace assault. Providing support could serve as a deterrent to retaliation while minimizing potential adverse impacts to nurses' psychological health and work productivity.
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- 2023
20. Lengthwise regional mechanics of the human aneurysmal ascending thoracic aorta
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Samar A. Tarraf, Benjamin Kramer, Emily Vianna, Callan Gillespie, Emídio Germano, Kelly B. Emerton, Rouzbeh Amini, Robb Colbrunn, Jennifer Hargrave, Eric E. Roselli, and Chiara Bellini
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Biomaterials ,Biomedical Engineering ,General Medicine ,Molecular Biology ,Biochemistry ,Biotechnology - Published
- 2023
21. Vietnam
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John Gillespie
- Published
- 2023
22. Digital methods of social science in food regulation: case studies from the Food Standards Agency
- Author
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Beth Armstrong, Darren Bhattachary, Alex Bogdan, Caitlin Connors, Laura Broomfield, Joanna Disson, Rebecca Gillespie, Helen Heard, Alice John, Lucy King, Marfot Miah, Ely Mirzahosseinkhan, Michelle Patel, Alice Rayner, and Sophie Watson
- Subjects
Strategy and Management ,General Engineering ,General Social Sciences ,Safety, Risk, Reliability and Quality - Published
- 2023
23. Between Subversion and Submission
- Author
-
Maggie Gillespie
- Subjects
General Medicine - Abstract
Almost three decades span the release of Paris is Burning (1990), Jennie Livingston’s arthouse documentary on the late-1980s New York ballroom scene, and its fictional revisiting in the TV series Pose (2018-21), created by Ryan Murphy and now a global phenomenon thanks to its presence on streaming services. Paris is Burning and Pose have both gone on to be highly successful commercially, and stand as landmark moments of non-white queer visibility. Appearing at critical junctures in the history of racial non-heteronormative sexualties, they have occasioned, in their wake, a rethinking of the epistemological foundations of gender identity and the generic codes underpinning trans representation. As such, these visual texts and the world they represent can be also be read as queer heterotopias — “other spaces” where dominant values and practices are at once mirrored and challenged — as they invite both an endorsement and a queering (or “transing”) of the norms with which they engage.
- Published
- 2023
24. Progressive and critical legal geography scholarship
- Author
-
Josephine Gillespie and Tayanah O'Donnell
- Subjects
Geography, Planning and Development ,Earth-Surface Processes - Published
- 2023
25. An Unusual Indication for Precordial Thump: Acute Prosthetic Valve Obstruction
- Author
-
Kent H. Rehfeldt, Bradford B. Smith, and Shane M. Gillespie
- Subjects
Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine ,Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine - Published
- 2023
26. Tranexamic acid use in meningioma surgery – A systematic review and meta-analysis
- Author
-
Abigail L. Clynch, Conor S. Gillespie, George E. Richardson, Mohammad A. Mustafa, Abdurrahman I. Islim, Sumirat M. Keshwara, Ali Bakhsh, Siddhant Kumar, Rasheed Zakaria, Christopher P. Millward, Samantha J. Mills, Andrew R. Brodbelt, and Michael D. Jenkinson
- Subjects
Neurology ,Physiology (medical) ,Surgery ,Neurology (clinical) ,General Medicine - Published
- 2023
27. Theorizing continuity and change in socialist regulation
- Author
-
John Gillespie
- Subjects
Sociology and Political Science ,Law - Published
- 2023
28. Expert Consensus Statement: Management of Dysphagia in Head and Neck Cancer Patients
- Author
-
Maggie A. Kuhn, M. Boyd Gillespie, Stacey L. Ishman, Lisa E. Ishii, Rebecca Brody, Ezra Cohen, Shumon I. Dhar, Kate Hutcheson, Gina Jefferson, Felicia Johnson, Anais Rameau, David Sher, Heather Starmer, Madeleine Strohl, Karen Ulmer, Vilija Vaitaitis, Sultana Begum, Misheelt Batjargal, and Nui Dhepyasuwan
- Subjects
Otorhinolaryngology ,Surgery - Published
- 2023
29. Understanding medical student paths to communication skills expertise using latent profile analysis
- Author
-
Lisa Altshuler, Jeffrey A. Wilhite, Khemraj Hardowar, Ruth Crowe, Kathleen Hanley, Adina Kalet, Sondra Zabar, Colleen Gillespie, and Tavinder Ark
- Subjects
General Medicine ,Education - Published
- 2023
30. Testing the Differential Access Hypothesis That Black Kidney Transplant Candidates Perceive Social Network Access to Fewer Potential Living Donors Than White Candidates
- Author
-
Jonathan Daw, Mary Roberts, Avrum Gillespie, Ashton M. Verdery, and Tanjala S. Purnell
- Subjects
Transplantation - Abstract
Introduction Many studies of Black–White disparities in living donor kidney transplantation hypothesize that they were partially due to Black–White differences in candidate social network access to healthy, willing donors. This differential access hypothesis has not been tested using directly measured social network data. Research Questions Do black kidney transplant candidates have perceived lower social network access to health and/or willing living donors than white candidates? Design A cross-sectional survey that measured the social network members was collected in 2015. Black–White differences in patient counts of perceived healthy and/or willing potential donors in social networks, and individual network members’ probability of being perceived healthy and/or willing, were compared using logistic and negative binomial regression models. Results The survey included 66 kidney transplant candidates reporting on 1474 social network members at a large Southeastern US transplant center in 2015. Black and White patients had similar access to perceived healthy, likely potential donors (86% vs 87% had 1 or more, P = .92; 5.91 vs 4.13 mean counts, P = .20) and perceived healthy, agreed potential donors (56% vs 48%, P = .54; 1.77 vs 1.74, P = .97). Black patients’ network members were individually more likely to be perceived healthy and likely potential donors (26% vs 21%, P = .04), and White patients’ network members were more likely to have agreed (13% vs 9%, P = .03), but these differences were statistically insignificant in demographically adjusted models. Conclusion Black and White transplant candidates perceived access to similar numbers of potential donors in their social networks. This result does not support the differential access hypothesis.
- Published
- 2023
31. Relative abundance of harbour porpoises (Phocoena phocoena) from acoustic and visual surveys of the Baltic Sea and adjacent waters during 2001 and 2002
- Author
-
D. Gillespie, P. Berggren, S. Brown, I. Kuklik, C. Lacey, T. Lewis, J. Matthews, R. McLanaghan, A. Moscrop, and N. Tregenza
- Subjects
Animal Science and Zoology ,Aquatic Science ,Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics - Abstract
Boat-based acoustic and visual surveys for harbour porpoises (Phocoena phocoena) were conducted during the summers of 2001 and 2002 in order to investigate their distribution and relative abundance in the Baltic Sea, and to compare the results with the adjacent Kiel and Mecklenburg Bights and the Little Belt. Harbour porpoises are subject to year-round bycatch in gillnets and other fishing gear in these waters. This is of particular concern in the Baltic Sea where a survey carried out in 1995 indicated that the population is low and current levels of anthropogenic mortality are believed to be unsustainable. Polish coastal waters were not included in the 1995 survey and it has been hypothesised that these unsurveyed waters may contain a significant uncounted part of the Baltic Sea population. Results show that the porpoise detection rate was two orders of magnitude lower in the Baltic Sea than in other waters surveyed. No evidence was found that Polish waters contain a significant, previously uncounted part of the Baltic Sea population. The results confirm the endangered status of the Baltic Sea population, and stress the urgency of preventing future anthropogenic mortalities that threaten the survival of the population.
- Published
- 2023
32. How can we define social care and what are the levels of true integration in integrated care? A narrative review
- Author
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Gabriela Uribe, Ferdinand Mukumbang, Corey Moore, Tabitha Jones, Susan Woolfenden, Katarina Ostojic, Paul Haber, John Eastwood, James Gillespie, and Carmen Huckel Schneider
- Subjects
Health (social science) ,Public Administration ,Sociology and Political Science - Abstract
PurposeIntegrated health and social care initiatives are increasing and health and social care systems are aiming to improve health and social outcomes in disadvantaged groups. There is a global dialogue surrounding improving services by shifting to an integrated health and social care approach. There is consensus of what is “health care”; however, the “social care” definition remains less explored. The authors describe the state of “social care” within the current integrated care literature and identify the depth of integration in current health and social care initiatives.Design/methodology/approachA narrative literature review, searching Medline, PsychINFO, CINAHL, PubMed, Scopus and Cochrane databases and grey literature (from 2016 to 2021), employing a search strategy, was conducted.FindingsIn total. 276 studies were eligible for full-text review, and 33 studies were included and categorised in types: “social care as community outreach dialogues”, “social care as addressing an ageing population”, “social care as targeting multimorbidity and corresponding social risks factors” and “social care as initiatives addressing the fragmentation of services”. Most initiatives were implemented in the United Kingdom. In total, 21 studies reported expanding integrated governance and partnerships; 27 studies reported having health and social care staff with clear integrated governance; 17 had dedicated funding and 11 used data-sharing and the integration of systems’ records.Originality/valueThe authors' demonstrate that social care approaches are expanding beyond the elderly, and these models have been used to respond to multimorbidity [including coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)], targeting priority groups and individuals with complex presentations.
- Published
- 2023
33. Age-associated microenvironmental changes highlight the role of PDGF-C in ER+ breast cancer metastatic relapse
- Author
-
Frances K. Turrell, Rebecca Orha, Naomi J. Guppy, Andrea Gillespie, Matthew Guelbert, Chris Starling, Syed Haider, and Clare M. Isacke
- Subjects
Cancer Research ,Oncology - Abstract
Patients with estrogen receptor (ER)-positive breast cancer are at risk of metastatic relapse for decades after primary tumor resection and treatment, a consequence of dormant disseminated tumor cells (DTCs) reawakening at secondary sites. Here we use syngeneic ER+ mouse models in which DTCs display a dormant phenotype in young mice but accelerated metastatic outgrowth in an aged or fibrotic microenvironment. In young mice, low-level Pdgfc expression by ER+ DTCs is required for their maintenance in secondary sites but is insufficient to support development of macrometastases. By contrast, the platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF)-Chi environment of aging or fibrotic lungs promotes DTC proliferation and upregulates tumor cell Pdgfc expression stimulating further stromal activation, events that can be blocked by pharmacological inhibition of PDGFRα or with a PDGF-C-blocking antibody. These results highlight the role of the changing microenvironment in regulating DTC outgrowth and the opportunity to target PDGF-C signaling to limit metastatic relapse in ER+ breast cancer.
- Published
- 2023
34. Indexing Cognitive Resource Usage for Acquisition of Initial Voice Therapy Targets
- Author
-
Lisa A. Vinney, Raquel Tripp, Sandeep Shelly, and Amanda Gillespie
- Subjects
Speech and Hearing ,Linguistics and Language ,Otorhinolaryngology ,Developmental and Educational Psychology - Abstract
Purpose: The purpose of this study was to index cognitive resource usage for acquisition of initial targets of two common voice therapy techniques (resonant voice therapy [RVT] and conversation training therapy [CTT]) based on the theorized depletion effect (i.e., when an initial task requiring high cognitive load leads to poorer performance on a subsequent task). Method: Eleven vocally healthy participants, ages 23–41 years, read aloud the Rainbow Passage and produced consonant–vowel resonant targets (/mi, ma, mu/) followed by a baseline computerized Stroop task and a 15-min washout. Following this baseline period, participants watched and interacted with two videos instructing them in RVT or CTT initial targets. After viewing each video and practicing the associated vocal skills, participants rated the degree of mental effort required to engage in the target vocal technique on a modified Borg scale. Participants recorded their attempts at RVT on /mi, ma, mu/ and CTT on the Rainbow Passage, which were later rated by three voice-specialized speech-language pathologists as to how representative they were of each respective target technique. Changes in fundamental frequency and average auditory-perceptual ratings from baseline were examined to determine if participants adjusted their technique from RVT and CTT baseline to acquisition. Results: Performance on the Stroop task was, on average, worse post CTT than post RVT, but both post-CTT and post-RVT Stroop scores were poorer than baseline. These results suggest that both treatment techniques taxed cognitive resources but that CTT was more cognitively taxing than RVT. However, despite differences in raw averages, no statistically significant differences were found between the baseline, post-CTT, and post-RVT Stroop scores, likely due to the small sample size. Participant ratings of mental effort for CTT and RVT were statistically similar. Likewise, poorer post-RVT Stroop scores were associated with participants' greater perceived mental effort with RVT acquisition, but there was no significant association between mental effort ratings for CTT acquisition and post-CTT Stroop scores. Significantly higher fundamental frequency and perceived ratings of the accuracy of technique from baseline to acquisition for both CTT and RVT were found, providing evidence of vocal behavior changes as a result of each technique. Conclusions: Brief exposure to initial treatment tasks in CTT is more cognitively depleting than initial RVT tasks. Results also indicate that vocally healthy participants are able to make a voice change in response to a brief therapy prompt. Finally, participant-rated measures of mental effort and secondary measures of cognitive depletion do not always correlate.
- Published
- 2023
35. Cranial meningioma with bone involvement: surgical strategies and clinical considerations
- Author
-
Abigail L. Clynch, Max Norrington, Mohammad A. Mustafa, George E. Richardson, John A. Doherty, Thomas J. Humphries, Conor S. Gillespie, Sumirat M. Keshwara, Catherine J. McMahon, Abdurrahman I. Islim, Michael D. Jenkinson, Christopher P. Millward, and Andrew R. Brodbelt
- Subjects
Surgery ,Neurology (clinical) - Abstract
Background Intracranial meningioma with bone involvement and primary intraosseous meningioma is uncommon. There is currently no consensus for optimal management. This study aimed to describe the management strategy and outcomes for a 10-year illustrative cohort, and propose an algorithm to aid clinicians in selecting cranioplasty material in such patients. Methods A single-centre, retrospective cohort study (January 2010–August 2021). All adult patients requiring cranial reconstruction due to meningioma with bone involvement or primary intraosseous meningioma were included. Baseline patient and meningioma characteristics, surgical strategy, and surgical morbidity were examined. Descriptive statistics were performed using SPSS v24.0. Data visualisation was performed using R v4.1.0. Results Thirty-three patients were identified (mean age 56 years; SD 15) There were 19 females. Twenty-nine patients had secondary bone involvement (88%). Four had primary intraosseous meningioma (12%). Nineteen had gross total resection (GTR; 58%). Thirty had primary ‘on-table’ cranioplasty (91%). Cranioplasty materials included pre-fabricated polymethyl methacrylate (pPMMA) (n = 12; 36%), titanium mesh (n = 10; 30%), hand-moulded polymethyl methacrylate cement (hPMMA) (n = 4; 12%), pre-fabricated titanium plate (n = 4; 12%), hydroxyapatite (n = 2; 6%), and a single case combining titanium mesh with hPMMA cement (n = 1; 3%). Five patients required reoperation for a postoperative complication (15%). Conclusion Meningioma with bone involvement and primary intraosseous meningioma often requires cranial reconstruction, but this may not be evident prior to surgical resection. Our experience demonstrates that a wide variety of materials have been used successfully, but that pre-fabricated materials may be associated with fewer postoperative complications. Further research within this population is warranted to identify the most appropriate operative strategy.
- Published
- 2023
36. The Effect of Transvaginal Prolapse Surgery on Anorectal Function
- Author
-
Rachel E. Colbran, Andrea M. Warwick, Hannah G. Krause, Judith T. Goh, and Christopher J. Gillespie
- Subjects
fecal incontinence ,transvaginal prolapse surgery ,obstructed defecation ,sacrospinous fixation ,pelvic floor ,Gastroenterology - Abstract
Objective Pelvic floor dysfunction can manifest as a spectrum including anorectal dysfunction, vaginal prolapse, and urinary incontinence. Sacrospinous fixation is a procedure performed by gynecologists to treat vaginal prolapse. The present study aims to evaluate the impact of transvaginal prolapse surgery on anorectal function. Materials and Methods We conducted a retrospective review of patients undergoing sacrospinous fixation surgery for vaginal prolapse between 2014 to 2020. Those with anorectal dysfunction who had also been evaluated by the colorectal service preoperatively and postoperatively were included for analysis. These patients were assessed with symptom-specific validated questionnaires. The effect of surgery on constipation and fecal incontinence symptoms was analyzed. Results A total of 22 patients were included for analysis. All patients underwent transvaginal sacrospinous fixation, and 95.4% also had posterior colporrhaphy for vaginal prolapse. There were a statistically significant improvements in the Fecal Incontinence Severity Index (FISI), the St. Mark's Incontinence Score (Vaizey), the embarrassment and lifestyle components of the Fecal Incontinence Quality of Life Score, the Constipation Scoring System, the Obstructed Defecation Score, and components of the Patient Assessment of Constipation Quality of Life score. Conclusion Transvaginal prolapse surgery leads to a favorable effect on anorectal function, with improvements in both obstructed defecation and fecal incontinence scores in this small series.
- Published
- 2023
37. Development of a Wound Assessment Tool for Use in Adults at End of Life: A Modified Delphi Study
- Author
-
Sharon Latimer, Emma Harbeck, Rachel M. Walker, Gillian Ray-Barruel, Joanie Shaw, Tracy Hunt, and Brigid M. Gillespie
- Subjects
Advanced and Specialized Nursing ,Dermatology - Published
- 2023
38. Recommended and observed statin use among U.S. adults – National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2011-2018
- Author
-
Angela M. Thompson-Paul, Cathleen Gillespie, Hilary K. Wall, Fleetwood Loustalot, Laurence Sperling, and Yuling Hong
- Subjects
Nutrition and Dietetics ,Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism ,Internal Medicine ,Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine - Published
- 2023
39. Outcomes of Breast Cancer Patients with High Volume of Residual Disease Following Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy
- Author
-
Y. Helen Zhang, Giacomo Montagna, Jessica Flynn, Erin F. Gillespie, Anita Mamtani, Zhigang Zhang, Lior Z. Braunstein, Simon N. Powell, Monica Morrow, Andrea Barrio, and Atif J. Khan
- Subjects
Cancer Research ,Radiation ,Oncology ,Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging - Abstract
The use of neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) in patients with operable breast cancer allows for assessment of treatment response and subsequent tailoring of adjuvant therapy. Data are limited with respect to outcomes among patients with a heavy residual tumor burden after NAC. We report outcomes in patients who had exceptionally poor responses to NAC: those with9 involved nodes after NAC or with 5 cm or more of residual disease in the breast.Between June 2014 and April 2020, 1511 patients with breast cancer received NAC followed by surgery at our institution. Poor responders, defined as those with positive nodes or residual tumor in the breast, were identified for analysis. Patients were further classified into 3 groups for comparison purposes: (1) 1 to 3 positive nodes; (2) 4 to 9 positive nodes; or (3)9 positive nodes and/or5 cm of residual tumor, which was defined as high-volume residual (HVR). Recurrence and survival outcomes were compared based on residual disease burden after NAC.Among 934 poor responders, 539 patients had 1 to 3 positive nodes (ypN1), 215 had 4 to 9 positive nodes (ypN2), and 180 had HVR disease. Specifically, 118 had9 positive nodes (HVR), and 62 patients had5 cm of residual tumor in the breast. With a median follow-up of 31 months (interquartile range, 18-46), the 5-year overall survival rate was 88% among ypN1, 76% among ypN2, and 72% among patients with HVR disease (P.001). The 5-year distant recurrence-free survival and locoregional recurrence incidences were 82% and 7.6% among ypN1 versus 67% and 8.4% among ypN2 versus 53% and 12% among HVR, respectively.Our work suggests that patients with HVR disease are at high risk for locoregional and distant recurrence as well as death, despite best available standard-of-care treatment. Intensification of locoregional therapies and/or alternative adjuvant systemic treatment may improve outcomes in these poor responders.
- Published
- 2023
40. AMDA Is Needed Now More Than Ever
- Author
-
Suzanne Gillespie
- Subjects
General Medicine - Published
- 2023
41. Life expectancy in patients with degenerative cervical myelopathy is currently reduced but can be restored with timely treatment
- Author
-
Benjamin M. Davies, Daniel Stubbs, Conor S. Gillespie, Ben Grodzinski, Ashwin Venkatesh, Matthew Guilfoyle, Mark R. N. Kotter, Rodney Laing, Davies, Benjamin M [0000-0003-0591-5069], and Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
- Subjects
Cervical Spondylosis ,Survival ,Cervical myelopathy ,Cervical Stenosis ,Spinal Cord Diseases ,Life Expectancy ,Degeneration ,Cervical Vertebrae ,Degenerative Cervical Myelopathy ,Ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament ,Humans ,Surgery ,Neurology (clinical) ,Spinal Cord Injuries ,Neck ,Aged - Abstract
Purpose Degenerative cervical myelopathy is a progressive slow-motion spinal cord injury. Surgery is the mainstay of treatment. Baseline disability predicts surgical recovery; therefore, timely treatment is critical to restoring function. However, current challenges mean most patients present with advanced disease and are instead left with life changing disabilities. While short-term mortality is rarely reported, the long-term effects of this on life expectancy are unknown, including whether function could be modifiable with timely treatment. This article investigates the effect of DCM on life expectancy. Methods The survival of patients from an observational study of patients undergoing surgery from 1994 to 2007 was compared to their expected survival using a gender- and aged -matched cohort. Comparisons were made by one sample log-rank test and standardised mortality ratios. Factors associated with survival were explored using a Cox regression analysis, including disease severity. Results A total of 357 patients were included in the analysis. After a median follow-up of 15.3 years, 135 of 349 patients had died; 114.7 deaths would have been expected. The DCM cohort had an increased risk of death compared to the non-DCM cohort (standardised mortality ratio 1.18 [95% CI: 1.02–1.34]. Age at operation 1.08 (95% CI: 1.07 to 1.1, p p = 0.02) were associated with worse survival (N = 287). In those surviving at least 2 years after surgery, only severe DCM was associated with conditional survival (HR 1.6, 95% CI 1.04 2.4, p = 0.03). Conclusion Life expectancy is reduced in those undergoing surgery for DCM. This is driven by premature mortality among those left with severe disability. As disability can be reduced with timely treatment, these findings reinforce the need for collective and global action to raise awareness of DCM and enable early diagnosis.
- Published
- 2023
42. John Evelyn’s Translation of the Dies irae
- Author
-
Stuart Gillespie
- Subjects
Linguistics and Language ,Literature and Literary Theory ,Language and Linguistics - Abstract
In a letter to Evelyn of 1656, Jeremy Taylor asked him if he would attempt a translation of the medieval hymn the Dies irae. Along with many of Evelyn's other unprinted poems and translations the outcome was lost to view until a very recent date, and is here printed, as far as is known, for the first time. The work is placed in the context of the hymn's wider translation history, and texts of two further seventeenth-century manuscript translations are provided for comparison.
- Published
- 2023
43. Intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) promotes brain repair and improves cognitive outcomes after traumatic brain injury in a FcγRIIB receptor-dependent manner
- Author
-
Emily F. Willis, Ellen R. Gillespie, Kirsten Guse, Adrian W. Zuercher, Fabian Käsermann, Marc J. Ruitenberg, and Jana Vukovic
- Subjects
Behavioral Neuroscience ,Endocrine and Autonomic Systems ,Immunology - Abstract
Intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) is a promising immune-modulatory therapy for limiting harmful inflammation and associated secondary tissue loss in neurotrauma. Here, we show that IVIG therapy attenuates spatial learning and memory deficits following a controlled cortical impact mouse model of traumatic brain injury (TBI). These improvements in cognitive outcomes were associated with increased neuronal survival, an overall reduction in brain tissue loss, and a greater preservation of neural connectivity. Furthermore, we demonstrate that the presence of the main inhibitory FcγRIIB receptor is required for the beneficial effects of IVIG treatment in TBI, with our results simultaneously highlighting the role of this receptor in reducing secondary damage arising from brain injury.
- Published
- 2023
44. Population model‐based analysis of the memory B‐cell response following belimumab therapy in the treatment of systemic lupus erythematosus
- Author
-
Richard Dimelow, William R. Gillespie, and Andre van Maurik
- Subjects
Modeling and Simulation ,Pharmacology (medical) - Published
- 2023
45. A Generalized RSK for Enumerating Linear Series on n-pointed Curves
- Author
-
Maria Gillespie and Andrew Reimer-Berg
- Subjects
Discrete Mathematics and Combinatorics - Published
- 2023
46. Six Practical Recommendations Enabling Ethical Use of Predictive Learning Analytics in Distance Education
- Author
-
Irina Rets, Christothea Herodotou, and Anna Gillespie
- Subjects
Computer Science Applications ,Education - Abstract
The progressive move of higher education institutions (HEIs) towards blended and online environments, accelerated by COVID-19, and their access to a greater variety of student data has heightened the need for ethical learning analytics (LA). This need is particularly salient in light of a lack of comprehensive, evidence-based guidelines on ethics that address gaps voiced in LA ethics research. Studies on the topic are predominantly conceptual, representing mainly institutional rather than stakeholder views, with some areas of ethics remaining underexplored. In this paper, we address this need by using a case of four years of interdisciplinary research in developing the award-winning Early Alerts Indicators (EAI) dashboard at a distance learning university. Through a lens focused on ethical considerations and informed by the practical approach to ethics, we conducted a case study review, using 10 relevant publications that report on the development and implementation of the tool. Our six practical recommendations on how to ethically engage with LA can inform an ethical development of LA that not only protects student privacy, but also ensures that LA tools are used in ways that effectively support student learning and development.
- Published
- 2023
47. Longitudinal association between executive function and academic achievement in children with neurofibromatosis type 1 and plexiform neurofibromas
- Author
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Yang Hou, Xian Wu, Taryn Allen, Mary Anne Toledo-Tamula, Staci Martin, Andy Gillespie, Anne Goodwin, Brigitte C. Widemann, and Pamela L. Wolters
- Subjects
Psychiatry and Mental health ,Clinical Psychology ,General Neuroscience ,Neurology (clinical) - Abstract
Objective: To examine how executive functioning (EF) relates to academic achievement longitudinally in children with neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) and plexiform neurofibromas (PNs) and whether age at baseline moderates this relationship. Method: Participants included 88 children with NF1 and PNs (ages 6–18 years old, M = 12.05, SD = 3.62, 50 males) enrolled in a natural history study. Neuropsychological assessments were administered three times over 6 years. EF (working memory, inhibitory control, cognitive flexibility, and attention) was assessed by performance-based (PB) and parent-reported (PR) measures. Multilevel growth modeling was used to examine how EF at baseline related to initial levels and changes in broad math, reading, and writing across time, controlling for demographic variables. Results: The relationship between EF and academic achievement varied across EF and academic domains. Cognitive flexibility (PB) uniquely explained more variances in initial math, reading, and writing scores; working memory (PB) uniquely explained more variances in initial levels of reading and writing. The associations between EF and academic achievement tended to remain consistent across age groups with one exception: Lower initial levels of inhibitory control (PR) were related to a greater decline in reading scores. This pattern was more evident among younger (versus older) children. Conclusions: Findings emphasize the heterogeneous nature of academic development in NF1 and that EF skills could help explain the within-group variability in this population. Routine cognitive/academic monitoring via comprehensive assessments and early targeted treatments consisting of medication and/or systematic cognitive interventions are important to evaluate for improving academic performance in children with NF1 and PNs.
- Published
- 2023
48. Bayesian <scp>PBPK</scp> modeling using R/Stan/Torsten and Julia/ <scp>SciML</scp> /Turing.Jl
- Author
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Ahmed Elmokadem, Yi Zhang, Timothy Knab, Eric Jordie, and William R. Gillespie
- Subjects
Modeling and Simulation ,Pharmacology (medical) - Published
- 2023
49. Endoscopic third ventriculostomy for shunt malfunction in the pediatric population: a systematic review, meta-analysis, and meta-regression analysis
- Author
-
Keng Siang Lee, Aswin Chari, Conor S. Gillespie, Justyna O. Ekert, Seyed Ehsan Saffari, Greg James, and Kristian Aquilina
- Subjects
General Medicine - Abstract
OBJECTIVE Despite growing published evidence of the merits of endoscopic third ventriculostomy (ETV) instead of shunt revision at the time of shunt malfunction (secondary ETV), concerns about its efficacy and complications remain and ETV is still not used widely in this context. This study aimed to carry out a comprehensive meta-analysis and reports on the success and safety of secondary ETV in the pediatric age group. METHODS In accordance with the PRISMA guidelines, systematic searches of Medline, Embase, and Cochrane Central were undertaken from database inception to September 7, 2022. ETV success was defined as the lack of need for a shunt and was the primary outcome measure. Secondary outcome measures were the rates of complications and mortality. A random-effects model was used. Summary-level meta-regression was performed to identify predictors for success in accordance with the ETV Success Score (ETVSS). RESULTS Sixteen studies reporting on 584 patients who underwent secondary ETV for shunt malfunction were included in the meta-analysis. The overall pooled mean (95% CI) age was 6.1 (3–9) years, and 57.0% of patients were male. The pooled prevalence rates of the hydrocephalus etiologies were as follows: aqueduct stenosis (39.3%); myelomeningocele (27.6%); postinfectious (17.1%); posthemorrhagic (13.0%); neoplasm (13.0%); and malformation (11.3%). The overall pooled success rates of ETV for shunt malfunction at 3 months, 6 months, and 12 months were 65.69% (95% CI 52%–77%, prediction interval 47%–81%, I2 = 0, p = 0.775); 63.25% (95% CI 54%–72%, prediction interval 38%–83%, I2 = 65, p < 0.001); and 53.37% (95% CI 24%–81%, prediction interval 1%–99%, I2 = 47, p = 0.154). The overall pooled prevalence of intraoperative bleeding was 4.96% (95% CI 0%–64%, prediction interval 0%–99%, I2 = 85, p < 0.001). The overall rates of complications were low, with new neurological deficit (transient or permanent) having the highest rate at 1.61% (95% CI 0.68%–3.72%, prediction interval 0.67%–3.78%, I2 = 0, p > 0.999). On meta-regression, age (p = 0.138), proportion of patients with postinfectious hydrocephalus (p = 0.8736), and number of shunt revisions (p = 0.1775) were not statistically significant predictors of secondary ETV success at 6 months. CONCLUSIONS This meta-analysis demonstrates that secondary ETV after shunt malfunction in pediatric patients is a feasible option with acceptable success rates and low complication rates. Clinical trial registration no.: CRD42022359573 (PROSPERO)
- Published
- 2023
50. Shorter Radiation Regimens and Treatment Noncompletion Among Patients With Breast and Prostate Cancer in the United States: An Analysis of Racial Disparities in Access and Quality
- Author
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Edward Christopher Dee, Neil K. Taunk, Fumiko L. Chino, Curtiland Deville, Shearwood McClelland, Vinayak Muralidhar, Sean N. McBride, Erin F. Gillespie, Kosj Yamoah, Paul L. Nguyen, Brandon A. Mahal, Karen M. Winkfield, Neha Vapiwala, and Patricia Mae G. Santos
- Subjects
Oncology ,Oncology (nursing) ,Health Policy - Abstract
PURPOSE: Compared with conventional external-beam radiation therapy (cEBRT) for patients with breast cancer (BC) and prostate cancer (PC), shorter radiation regimens may be associated with lower treatment noncompletion rates. We assess disparities in receipt of shorter radiation regimens and treatment noncompletion for BC and PC. PATIENTS AND METHODS: The 2004-2017 National Cancer Database was queried for adjuvant cEBRT or hypofractionated EBRT (hEBRT) for nonmetastatic BC; and definitive cEBRT, moderate hypofractionation (mEBRT), or stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) for localized PC. Multivariable logistic regression identified factors associated with treatment noncompletion and receipt of shorter regimens. FINDINGS: We identified 170,386 men with PC (median age [interquartile range], 70 [64-75] years; Black, 17.5%; White, 82.5%) and 306,846 women with BC (61 [52-69] years; Black, 12.3%; White, 87.7%). Among patients who received cEBRT for PC, Black men had higher treatment noncompletion rates compared with White (14.1% v 13.0%; odds ratio [95% CI] 1.07 [1.03 to 1.12]; P < .001). In contrast, treatment noncompletion was not disparate with SBRT (Black 1.6% v White 1.3%; 1.20 [0.72 to 2.00], P = .49) or mEBRT (Black 9.0% v White 7.1%; 1.05 [0.72 to 1.54], P = .79). From 2004 to 2017, SBRT (0.07% to 11.8%; 1.32 [1.31 to 1.33]) and mEBRT (0.35% to 9.1%; 1.27 [1.25 to 1.28]) increased (both P < .001); however, Black men were consistently less likely to receive SBRT (7.4% v White, 8.3%; 0.84 [0.79 to 0.89], P < .001). Among women with BC, there were no racial differences in treatment noncompletion; however, hEBRT was associated with lower treatment noncompletion rates (1.0% v cEBRT 2.3%; 0.39 [0.35 to 0.44], P < .001). Although hEBRT for BC increased (0.8% to 35.6%) between 2004 and 2017, Black women were less likely to receive hEBRT (10.4% v 15.3%; 0.78 [0.75 to 0.81], P < .001). INTERPRETATION: Black patients were consistently less likely to receive hypofractionated radiation for PC or BC, despite evidence suggesting that shorter regimens may lower rates of treatment noncompletion with similar oncologic outcomes.
- Published
- 2023
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