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There is a need for a paradigm shift across mental health in primary care to improve the lives of millions of Europeans. To contribute to this paradigm shift, the European Forum for Primary Care (EFPC-MH) working group for Mental Health, produced a Position Paper for Primary Care Mental Health outlining 14 themes that needed prioritizing. These themes were developed and discussed interactively during the EFPC conferences between 2012 and 2019. The Position Paper on Mental Health gives direction to the necessary improvements over the next ten years. The themes vary from preferable healthcare model to the social determinants highlighting issues such as inequalities. The Statement of Mental Health in Primary Care will be established in cooperation with fellow organizations. ispartof: Primary Health Care Research And Development vol:21 issue:e56 pages:1-8 ispartof: location:England status: published

Using a new opinion dynamics using the polarity analysis of measured data of Twitter about "toilet paper" and "COVID-19", we analyzed the chain of fear that people feel for the rumor of lack of toilet paper and COVID-19 itself. We use opinion dynamics for the analysis of the fears, and we obtain the opinion distribution of the fear calculated using the opinion dynamics and the observed distribution. By comparing the two distribution, we found that the opinion distribution for the fear is consisted with the mixture of trust and distrust.

Quick and accurate estimation of organic pollution load such as COD in wastewater is very important for the implementation of cleaner production, especially in pulp and paper industry. In order to find the contribution of pollution load of aromatic organics, several non-aromatic and aromatic organics were studied. Results indicated that there was a good linear correlation between theoretical COD (ThOD) and composite parameters of ln(C + H)/O, which is calculated from the amount of C, H and O atoms in the molecular formula. From the regression line equation of ThOD vs ln(C + H)/O, it is found that the gradient of the aromatic ring regression line is lower than that of other acyclic compounds, which may be ascribed to aromatics which were hard to oxidize in measurements of COD. An actual COD well matched to the ThOD estimated for common aromatics with phenolic and non-phenolic structures often appeared for wastewater from pulp and paper industry, with a relative error rate of ± 5 %. Ideal recovery rates of these, 95 % to 105 %, were achieved. This work provides an effective method for quick and accurate estimation for pollution load contributions, which is important for contamination control and progress in industry.

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Washi is paper made by hand from the bark of native Japanese shrubs. Washi is a common medium used for printmaking and paper crafts. Artists who have studied nagashi-zuki, a sheet-forming method un...

This study aims to analyze the factors that influence firm value, where the independent variables consist of ownership structure, capital structure and gender diversity, and financial performance as a mediation. The research used is Pulp & Paper companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange for the period 2015 – 2019. Using samples from 7 manufacturing companies. By using a sample of 7 manufacturing companies. The test analysis used is the SmartPLS 3.0 program. Based on the results of the study, ownership structure and gender diversity have no significant effect on firm value, capital structure and financial performance have a significant positive effect on firm value, and financial performance has no significant effect on mediating ownership structure and capital structure on the firm. The limitation of this study is to use financial reports sourced from the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) for the pulp and paper sector from 2015-2019 and have financial reports for 5 consecutive years. The implications of this research are expected to provide information for investors on things that can affect the value of the company, especially the paper industry sector.How to Cite:Fernando, W., & Setiawan, T. (2021). Analisis Model Atas Faktor Penentu Nilai Perusahan (Studi Pada Perusahaan Pulp and Paper yang Terdaftar di BEI 2015-2019). Akuntabilitas: Jurnal Ilmu Akuntansi, 14(2), 231-242.

Purpose This paper aims to present the components' characterization and condition assessment of an important deteriorated Mamluk-illuminated paper manuscript housed in Al-Azhar Library, Egypt. Design/methodology/approach Different analytical techniques used in this study were the portable digital optical microscope, stereomicroscope, scanning electron microscope with EDX (SEM.EDX), portable X-ray fluorescence (pXRF), X-ray diffraction (XRD), pH measurement and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). Findings The results obtained by different microscopes showed that the gilding in the surface of illuminated paper sheets was performed with gold leaves. Additionally, these microscopes revealed that the illuminated paper manuscript has different aspects of deterioration such as adhered dirt, staining, some micro-cracks, cracks and detachment of some parts in some illuminated areas. The results of elemental analysis by EDX, portable XRF and XRD analysis showed that the orange red pigment is red lead (Pb3O4), blue pigment is azurite (2CuCo3.Cu (OH)2), and the gold layer is has consisted of brass alloy (Cu-Zn) with a small amount of gold element (Au). The pH measurement stated that the historical paper in the acidity level. The ATR-FTIR analysis also revealed the oxidation of cellulose. Moreover, it was found from ATR-FTIR that Arabic gum was used as a binder for the pigments. Originality/value This study presents the important results of analytical methods used for condition assessment and identification of the components of an important Mamluk-illuminated paper manuscript, where these results referred that the studied paper manuscript had different aspects of deterioration. The conservation steps either conservation treatment or preventive conservation are urgently needed in future studies.

PurposeSynergy indicators and social network analysis (SNA), as practical tools, provide the possibility of explaining the pattern of scientific collaboration and visualization of network relations. Recognition of scientific capacities is the basis of synergy. The present study aims to measure and discover the synergistic networks of COVID-19’s top papers at the level of co-authorship, countries, journals, bibliographic couples and titles.Design/methodology/approachThe synergy indicator, co-authorship co-citation network analysis methods were applied. The research population comprises COVID-19’s top papers indexed in Essential Science Indicator and Web of Science Core Collection 2020 and 2021. Excel 2016, UCINET 6.528.0.0 2017, NetDraw, Ravar Matrix, VOSviewer version 1.6.14 and Python 3.9.5 were applied to analyze the data and visualize the networks.FindingsThe findings indicate that considering the three possible possibilities for authors, countries and journals, more redundancy and information are created and potential for further cooperation is observed. The synergy of scientific collaboration has revealed that “Wang, Y,” “USA” and “Science of the Total Environment” have the most effective capabilities and results. “Guan (2020b)” and “Zhou (2020)” are bibliographic couplings that have received the most citations. The keywords “CORONAVIRUS DISEASE 2019 (COVID-19)” were the most frequent in article titles.Originality/valueIn a circumstance that the world is suffering from a COVID-19 pandemic and all scientists are conducting various researches to discover vaccines, medicines and new treatment methods, scientometric studies, and analysis of social networks of COVID-19 publications to be able to specify the synergy rate and the scientific collaboration networks, are not only innovative and original but also of great importance and priority; SNA tools along with the synergy indicator is capable of visualizing the complicated and multifaceted pattern of scientific collaboration in COVID-19. As a result, analyses can help identify existing capacities and define a new space for using COVID-19 researchers’ capabilities.

The study aims to find the quality of research papers published in the domain of entrepreneurship in India. This study covers 100 research papers. A standardized measurement tool developed by the earlier researchers was used to evaluate the research quality. The data compiled using the measurement tool were analyzed with the support of the SPSS. The statistical tools such as descriptive statistics, Friedman’s test, factor analysis, two-sample ‘t’ test, and ANOVA are applied to analyze the data. The study findings reported that the quality of research papers published in the field of entrepreneurship is not up to the quality standards. The quality of multiple-author papers is better than single-author papers. Similarly, the quality of papers published by foreign authors is comparatively better than Indian authors. Further, the quality of papers published with the combination of foreign and Indian authors is substantially good. The quality of papers published in foreign journals is higher as compared with Indian journals. Further, the standard of papers published under the qualitative approach was comparatively better than the quantitative approach. The authors developed a Conceptual Model of Process and Product of Research (YOVA model). This model clearly shows that the whole research process yields six levels of research products. The study recommended that the researchers need to go for international collaborations to improve the quality of the publication. The funding agencies, higher learning institutions and research institutions should focus on enhancing research infrastructure. The study examined the validity of research articles searched by novice researchers in India in Google by using keywords related to entrepreneurship and, as such this non-focused approach is a big impediment to quality research.

The article deals with matla‘ (first she‘r – two-line couplet – in a ghazal) of the first ghazal in the Divan by Mirza Asadulla-khan Ghalib (1792–1869) written in Urdu. One of the items usually commented there is the garment made of paper (kāġhażī peirahan). It used to be worn in ancient times by the complainers who appealed to the ruler. The range of complaints in the poetry of Ghalib as well as by other Urdu and Persian poets was wide, however, stable. “Wearing paper clothes”, the petitioner complained about the Almighty, the ill fate, a cruel girl, a lack of understanding of the petitioner’s poetry and the poor remuneration, and finally, about the poet himself, who “dressed” his poems in the paper. Тhese diverse situations form the elements of the literary motif as well as its context and are common in the Persian verses by the predecessors of Ghalib and also himself. Its analysis helps to understand all levels of meaning inherent in one of the most difficult-to-interpret texts by Ghalib.

Amulet paper in Chinese culture is known as hu / fu 符paper. It can serve as a means of healing. This amulet paper can mean healing because it is changed from something ordinary or profane to sacred through a ceremony performed by a spirit medium (tangsin). When God enters the body of the spirit medium through trance, the spirit medium performs a ritual such as slash the tongue. With the spirit medium's blood, he wrote this amulet paper. The paper then has a sacred function as medicine. This research is an ethnographic study with a case study at Hok Lay Kiong Bekasi temple during the Capgomeh ceremony and the God's birthday ceremony. The hu paper has so far been better known as a means of obtaining good fortune and luck. Through this paper, we can see Hian Thian Siang Tee’s amulet paper at Hok Lay Kiong Temple as a medium healing in Chinese society and see the changing function from something profane to sacred thing.

The lack of information regarding exercise program assessment tools during the COVID-19 pandemic was the main gap in this research. The purpose of this study was to investigate lecturers' perceptions of computer-based and paper pencil-based performance to assess sports training programs during the COVID-19 pandemic. In this study, a combination of quantitative and qualitative (mixed) is used as a method. Participants in this study were male and female lecturers from Jakarta State University (N=15) and Sriwijaya University (N=10). Quantitative instruments use questionnaires and qualitative instruments use in-depth interviews with participants. Quantitative data analysis use the IBM SPSS version 25.0 to find descriptive data, namely mean, standard deviation and percentage of responses from participation. Meanwhile, qualitative data analysis use qualitative thematic data. The results of the study based on quantitative data found that the majority of lecturers strongly agreed to use computer-based instead of paper pencil-based to assess sports training programs. Meanwhile, research results based on qualitative data show that most lecturers favour computer-based over paper pencil-based during the COVID-19 pandemic. Thus, computer-based has better performance and advantages than paper pencil-based when used in the pandemic era. This research provides benefits for the development of science assessment tools in the field of sports. © 2021 by authors, all rights reserved.

Background: Through a close reading of the four issues of The Bowater Papers, this article aims to understand the rise of a paper modernity and to reinsert it—as material and infrastructure—into media studies. Analysis: Producing wood paper is a strain on the landscape and the environment. The Bowater Papers showcases the histories and material possibilities of paper media products. A paper-dependent modernity can be understood as an infrastructural assemblage of harvesting, production, circulation, and consumption. Conclusion and implications: Paper calls for a natural history and geography of media. Thinking about the mediations from tree to paper through the encompassing notion of “xylomedia” is a way of articulating the intersection of the material, environmental, and infrastructural in media studies. Today is still a paper world, one that is also the age of lignin, package, and Amazon. Contexte : Par une lecture attentive des quatre numeros de The Bowater Papers, nous cherchons a comprendre l’essor de la forme moderne du papier. Se faisant, nous le reinsererons—en tant que materiau et infrastructure—dans le champ des etudes mediatiques. Analyse : La production de papier de bois est lourde de consequences pour l’environnement. The Bowater Papers nous renseigne sur des aspects historiques et materiels du papier. La modernite, dependante du papier, peut ainsi etre apprehendee comme un assemblage infrastructurel liant recolte, production, circulation et consommation. Conclusion et implications : Le papier appelle une histoire et une geographie naturelles des medias. Penser aux mediations de l’arbre au papier avec le concept de « xylomedia » est une facon d’articuler l’intersection du materiel, de l’environnement et de l’infrastructure dans l’etude des medias. Nous vivons toujours dans un âge du papier, un âge qui est aussi celui de la lignine, des paquets, et d’Amazon.

Ageing is one of the greatest social and economic challenges of the 21st century for European societies. According to the latest population projections, by 2070, those aged 65 years and over will rise from 19% to 29%, while the share of those aged 80 and over will increase from 5% to 13% of the total population, which will be almost as large as the youngest population (aged 0–14) in that year.1 Because older people have different healthcare requirements, often developing disabilities or multimorbidity complications, health systems will need to adapt so they can provide adequate care for longer periods while remaining financially sustainable. The estimated change in the EU’s total public expenditure on the older population (the total public expenditure includes pensions, health care, long-term care, education and unemployment benefits) will increase from 25% of GDP in 2016 by 1.7 percentage points, reaching 26.7% in 2070. This will be caused mostly by spending on health care (+0.9 percentage points) and long-term care (+1.2 percentage points); the percentages refer to the baseline scenario.2 In view of such challenges, it is of the utmost importance that hospital pharmacists’ expertise in medicine use optimisation is fully utilised along the care pathway in order to mitigate problems prevalent in the older population, such as polypharmacy and drug adherence. Therefore, the following position paper of the European Association of Hospital Pharmacists (EAHP) outlines key points for policymakers to be mindful of in shaping responses. EAHP calls on national governments and health system managers to acknowledge hospital pharmacists’ drug expertise by investing in medication reconciliation and optimisation roles in all healthcare facilities, including nursing homes, as a key part of the European level response to the increasing prevalence of polypharmacy. EAHP calls for strengthened inter-sector communication, coordination and multidisciplinary collaboration as critical approaches …

The Building Strong Library and Information Science Education (BSLISE) Working Group of the International Federation of Library Associations and Institutions (IFLA) was formed in 2016 to develop an international quality assurance (QA) framework that will guide and promote international educational standards in LIS. The first phase of its efforts has been to conduct an international survey (by means of questionnaires) of qualifications for LIS professional practice inclusive of regional and national contexts. Key findings of the study along with recommendations appear in the Building Strong Library and Information Science Education: a Call to Global and Local Action White Paper published in August 2018. This review briefly outlines the White Paper’s content and comments on its main points. Based on the analysis, the BSLISE Working Group identified six key findings with recommended actions and change agents, and prioritized three actions for its next steps: to develop an international resource that identifies local structures; to develop an international framework for the assessment of quality standards in LIS education; to identify core and other competencies for transferability and reciprocity. The article concludes that there has been a longstanding need for comprehensive documentation of LIS education globally.

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine programs designed to support the commercial paper market during the financial crisis. Design/methodology/approach The paper analyzes the participants in the two programs to determine why domestic financial institutions chose one program over the other. Findings Domestic financial institutions chose the Temporary Liquidity Guarantee Program over the Commercial Paper Funding Facility (CPFF) while foreign financial institutions chose the CPFF. Practical implications The analysis is intended to support future policy debate on how to address a liquidity crisis in the money markets. Originality/value The authors are the first paper to examine the participants in these two programs. The value is the policy implications of this study.

Background and purpose Spirometry is often technically challenging for patients. Previous studies have demonstrated the potential benefits of spirometry in the community pharmacy setting. This study compared pharmacy students' perceptions and attitudes toward performing spirometry, as well as implementing spirometry in clinics and community pharmacies through experiencing spirometry first-hand versus completing paper-based active learning exercises. Educational activity and setting First-year (N = 102) and second-year (N = 70) pharmacy students were provided with the same pre-class materials to learn about the spirometry process. During class, first-year (P1) students performed spirometry tests, while second-year (P2) students completed paper-based active learning exercises about spirometry without performing the test. A survey was provided to each group at the end of the class to: (1) compare students’ perception of the difficulty of performing spirometry, and (2) identify patient, clinic, and pharmacy barriers to implementing spirometry testing. Findings P1 students perceived performing spirometry as significantly more difficult compared to P2 students. Both P1 and P2 students perceived correct posture and breathing technique, and patient discomfort as the most difficult parts of performing spirometry. Significantly more P1 students (91.1%) perceived spirometry as a “helpful and noninvasive tool to screen for pulmonary diseases” than P2 students (54.1%). Summary Students who experienced spirometry perceived it to be more difficult than those who completed paper-based active learning exercises. Incorporating spirometry into a pharmacy curriculum could be an opportunity to increase students’ insight of the difficulty of performing spirometry and their appreciation for the clinical services pharmacists can provide.

A disposable, instrument-free, height readout paper-based analytical device (HR-PAD) based on a paper strip inkjet-printed with CdTe quantum dots (QDs) was developed for the sensitive speciation analysis of Ag+ and silver nanoparticles (AgNPs). When the paper strip is immersed into a sample solution, capillary action draws it through the surface and any Ag+ in the solution quenches the fluorescence of CdTe QDs via a cation exchange reaction between Ag+ and the CdTe QDs, with the height of the quenched band being proportional to the concentration of Ag+. In contrast, fluorescence quenching cannot be observed when only AgNPs are present in solution. Thus, the concentration of AgNPs can be obtained by subtracting the Ag+ content from the total silver determined by the HR-PAD after digestion with HNO3. Under optimized conditions, the methodology provides high selectivity, sensitivity, and accuracy for the detection of Ag+ or AgNPs in various samples, even at concentrations as low as 0.05 mg L-1. Precisions of 4.5% and 2.2% RSDs were achieved at concentrations of 1 mg L-1 and 7 mg L-1 of Ag+, respectively. Compared to conventional methods, this approach is inexpensive and user-friendly and eliminates the need for expensive and sophisticated detection instruments. The practicality of the method was demonstrated via the speciation analysis of AgNPs and Ag+ in river water and 12 commercial products with satisfactory results.

The volume of research articles in digital repositories is increasing. This spectacular growth of repositories makes it rather difficult for researchers to obtain related research papers in response to their queries. The problem becomes worse when a researcher with insufficient knowledge of searching research articles uses these repositories. In the traditional recommendation approaches, the results of the query miss many high-quality papers, in the related work section, which are either published recently or have low citation count. To overcome this problem, there needs to be a solution which considers not only structural relationships between the papers but also inspects the quality of authors publishing those articles. Many research paper recommendation approaches have been implemented which includes collaborative filtering-based, content-based, and citation analysis-based techniques. The collaborative filtering-based approaches primarily use paper-citation matrix for recommendations, whereas the content-based approaches only consider the content of the paper. The citation analysis considers the structure of the network and focuses on papers citing or cited by the paper of interest. It is therefore very difficult for a recommender system to recommend high-quality papers without a hybrid approach that incorporates multiple features, such as citation information and author information. The proposed method creates a multilevel citation and relationship network of authors in which the citation network uses the structural relationship between the papers to extract significant papers, and authors' collaboration network finds key authors from those papers. The papers selected by this hybrid approach are then recommended to the user. The results have shown that our proposed method performs exceedingly well as compared with the state-of-the-art existing systems, such as Google scholar and multilevel simultaneous citation network.

Using new transaction-level data for non-financial commercial paper (CP) in the U.S., we show that companies systematically reduce their outstanding short-term debt on quarterly and annual disclosure dates. Constraints on CP lending supply cannot explain this pattern. Instead, firms prefer repaying short-term debt over disclosing high cash holdings to signal that their cash is readily available and not trapped in foreign subsidiaries. Consistent with this interpretation, we show that firms with higher cash holdings, more sales in regions with tight capital controls, or with higher debt-equity ratios compared to industry peers reduce their short-term debt more aggressively at disclosure dates.

Paper writing with the existing writing format causing excessive paper usage. Excessive paper usage could lead to environmental destruction. Therefore, it is necessary to find an alternative in the writing procedure by doing an experimental design based on student reading comprehensive. This study uses Completely Randomized Factorial Experimental Design. After analysis of variance and the multiple comparisons test done, it results a new writing format alternative that use less paper than the existing writing procedure. In other hand, it results greater student reading comprehensive than the existing writing procedure. With the results, the application of the alternative procedure can save the paper usage and make student easier to understand the paper .

Electronic paper is now closer than ever to changing the way we read, write, and study. This was hailed as a revolution so profound that some see it as second only to the invention of the printing press in the 15th century. In this study, four analytical methods, which included statistical analysis, technology decomposition, multistage technological evolution and growth potential analysis were used. Results showed that technological research on business has great potential for development and vast market, and it would be another 16 years before the limit could be reached for patents. A great deal of technology breakthrough has been achieved during 1992 and 2012. The four major countries for printed electronic paper development are Japan, USA, South Korea and China. However, China has a gap compared with other countries, as the key technology was held by large enterprises. The apparatus for printed electronic paper has been the major focus in China. The key point for research on printed electronic paper was focused on devices for presentation and light emission, and related semiconductor devices.

This paper focuses on one of the most commonly encountered materials in our society, namely paper. Paper is an inherently complex material, yet its use provides for chemical analysis approaches that are elegant in their simplicity of execution. In the first half of the previous century, paper in scientific research was used mainly for filtration and chromatographic separation. While its use decreased with the rise of modern elution chromatography, paper remains a versatile substrate for low-cost analytical tests. Recently, we have seen renewed interest to work with paper in (bio)analytical science, a result of the growing demand for inexpensive, portable analysis. Dried blood spotting, paper microfluidics, and paper spray ionization are areas in which paper is (re)establishing itself as an important material. These research areas all exploit several properties of paper, including stable sample storage, passive fluid movement and manipulation, chromatographic separation/extraction, modifiable surface and/or volume, easily altered shape, easy transport, and low cost. We propose that the real, and to date underexploited, potential of paper lies in utilizing its combined characteristics to add new dimensions to paper-based (bio)chemical analysis, expanding its applicability. This article provides the reader with a short historical perspective on the scientific use of paper and the developments that led to the establishment of the aforementioned research areas. We review important characteristics of paper and place them in a scientific context in this descriptive, yet critical, assessment of the achieved and the achievable in paper-based analysis. The ultimate goal is the exploration of integrative approaches at the interface between the different fields in which paper is or can be used.

Paper is a perfect example of the circular economy as it remains the furthermost recycled product in Europe, creating significant environmental benefits and raw materials resources to the industry. Indeed, maintaining a consistent level of quality whilst limiting the environmental footprint of the product has become a major challenge for the industry. In this direction, paper is proving to be the promising feedstock for biorefinery and biomaterials. The future of paper recycling is slowly going beyond fibre recovery to address the needs of other industries because for the earth's environmental well-being various paper products need to be recycled and reused persistently. In this article, we outline the ambitious use of wastepaper (WP) for high-value applications such as; production of cellulose nanocrystals (CNC), composite reinforcement, high performance electrical components and biofuels.

After a long-term toxicity study on Bisphenol A (BPA), the European Union and U.S food and drug administration updating the rules regarding the usage of BPA by extending the prohibition of BPA to include in the production of papers, on February 2018. Therefore, it is essential to establish the trace level BPA detectors in paper samples. In this report, the synthesis of novel ZnO nanoclusters wrapped with reduced graphene oxide (ZnO NCs/rGO) and its application towards the selective electrocatalytic detection of BPA are described. Initially, ZnO NCs/rGO is synthesized by the one-step hydrothermal approach, and various characterizations explain the compound's compositions and structure. The significance of ZnO NCs/rGO together with good electrocatalytic properties leads this material to the platform for electrochemical sensor. Finally, ZnO NCs/rGO was fabricated and validated as an effective sensor for the sensitive detection of BPA. The demonstrated sensor revealed excellent detection of BPA with the very low detection limit (2.1 nM), and also it offered good analytical parameters with more extensive linear range and higher sensitivity. Likewise, the sensor annexes good durability, reproducibility, and selectivity towards the determination of BPA. Due to the nourishing capacity of the prepared ZnO NCs/rGO, it is employed for the detection of BPA in tissue paper samples.

This community service activities are done because the author wants students to have the ability to write their ideas to the public or community at large. The purpose of this activities is to provide skill to arrange scientific papers on students from Elementary School Teacher Education Study Program of Widya Dharma Univertsity by organizing scientific papers writing workshop. The benefits of this activities is to provide skills to students in preparing quality scientific papers and arrange forums to exchange ideas between the students and universities in terms of preparation for students in developing scientific papers. The method used is lecture method, discussion, answer question, and presentation. Several factors affecting the training activities of the scientific paper writing are the participants become interested to follow the training activities so that activities are expected to take place smoothly, this activities makes the participants to understand the scientific papers much better as important thing berfore they arrange the tesis, and the increased support and motivation from the Research and Community Service Institute of Unwidha so that future training activities can run smoothly. The manual book will be very necessary for students in arranging scientific papers so that students have scientific papers according to Unwidha’s papers. Unwidha lectures are expected to hold some student training so that students are more competents when they enter the workspace. The manual book will be very necessary for students in arranging scientific papers so that students have scientific papers according to Unwidha’s papers. Unwidha lecturers are expected to hold some student training so that students are more competent when they enter the workforce.

The increasing presence of e-books (electronic books) has become a major focus in countries around the world. In the United States, e-books represented 28% of the total book sales for 2012. In Japan, the conversion from paper books to e-books is expected to accelerate by the prevalent use of smartphones and tablet PCs. It is therefore important to quantitatively evaluate the environmental load of paper books and e-books for a sustainable society. In this study, paper books are compared to e-books read on different electronic devices (e-ink tablets, tablets, cell phones, smartphones, laptop computers, desktop computers and portable music players) through a case study on a 224-page book. The study is based on key primary data such as use time and reading speed for each device and aims to minimize assumptions made in other studies. GHG emissions for paper books are 1.24 kg-CO2e/book, and are reduced to 1.11 kg-CO2e/book when the effect of paper recycling is taken into consideration. The results for e-books under average use-time conditions range from 0.25 to 0.91 kg-CO2e/book with the e-ink tablet having the lowest emissions. When the average use time of each e-book device is applied, the paper book has a higher impact than all the e-books. However, sensitivity analysis shows that the impact of paper books can be lower than that of e-books for larger screen devices such as tablets, laptops and desktops when the reuse of books is considered or the e-book reading device is hardly used during its life cycle.

To date, very few treatments have been demonstrated to reduce the burden of morbidity and mortality from COVID-19. Although corticosteroids have been proven to reduce mortality in severe disease, there has been little convincing evidence on interventions that may prevent disease, reduce hospitalizations, and reduce the numbers of people progressing to critical disease and death. Ivermectin is a well-known medicine that is approved as an antiparasitic by the World Health Organization and the US Food and Drug Administration. It is widely used in lowand middle-income countries to treat worm infections. Also used for the treatment of scabies and lice, it is one of the World Health Organization’s Essential Medicines.1 With total doses of ivermectin distributed apparently equalling one-third of the present world population,1 ivermectin at the usual doses (0.2–0.4 mg/kg) is considered extremely safe for use in humans.1 In addition to its antiparasiticactivity, it has been noted to have antiviral and anti-inflammatory properties, leading to an increasing list of therapeutic indications. South African authorities approved the use of a drug used to control parasites in humans and livestock to treat coronavirus patients. Additionally, in January 2021, the South African Health Products Regulatory Authority (SAHPRA) announced that ivermectin, would be allowedfor use on compassionate grounds in a controlled-access program. Ivermectin locally has been used for the prevention and/or management of Covid-19 infection. This has resulted in a huge black market trade of ivermectin in South Africa as many health professionals and others have taken to social media and other platforms to profile this drug as an effective treatment for the covid-19 viral infection. Roman and colleagues (2021)1 conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate treatment effects of Ivermectin (IVM) on clinical outcomes and adverse events (AEs) in people with COVID-19.

Background A proportion of veterans experience post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Research has shown reduced effectiveness of commonly offered psychotherapies in military personnel. Some research suggested the usefulness of art therapy for veterans with PTSD, but its mechanism of operation has been unclear. The current project aimed to establish participants’ perceptions of any impact of group art therapy and some of the perceived mechanisms of change. Method In a grounded theory design, single semi-structured interviews were conducted with nine veterans who had received group art therapy, two art therapists, and a veteran's wife. Interviews were transcribed and analysed. Findings Theorised categories included (a) art therapy group as “the family”, (b) “the gentle conductor”, (c) trust, (d) doing the work, (e) art therapy as "a communication tool", (f) "points of recognition", (g) "making things concrete", and (h) "not a cure". Limitations Shortcomings included a homogenous sample who all attended art therapy alongside other interventions, reliance on subjective and unmeasured symptom change, and researcher effects related to qualitative methodology. Conclusion The developed grounded theory is consistent with existing evidence and neuropsychological theory. Group art therapy may enable some veterans to prepare for verbal-only therapy, by offering a safe space in which to approach non-verbal traumatic and trauma-related contextual material in a controlled way. Artworks may provide a bridge to facilitate communication of experiences within subsequent verbal therapy and with loved-ones. It is suggested to replicate the project at different sites. Elements of the developed theory may be investigated further to establish its transferability.

Nowadays, the net plays an important role in people’s life. In the process of the improvement of the public’s living standards, public’s demands of the life’s quality and efficiency is higher, the traditional bookstores inconvenience gradually emerged, and the online bookstore has gradually been used in public. The online bookstore is a revolt in book industry. The old-style bookstores operative time, addresses and places are so much restricted, so the types of novels and books to be find found a degree of constraint. But the online bookstore ruined the management mode of outdated bookstore, as long as you have a computer, you can buy the book from anywhere, saving time and efforts, shortening the time of book selection link efficiently. The online bookstore system based on the standard of provides suitability and facility to people out there. How to cite this article:Chaudhary N, PathakS, Shivani et al. IEEE Paper Based on E-Novels. J Adv Res Embed Sys 2020; 7(1): 8-10. DOI: https://doi.org/10.24321/2395.3802.202002

With the deepening of cultural and artistic exchanges in various countries, many local arts actively or passively absorb the nutrients of foreign art, but the folk paper-cut art of northern Shaanxi and Mexico completely preserve the regional cultural characteristics of the nation. This paper studies the difference and connection between northern Shaanxi paper-cut and Mexican paper-cut by means of semantic analysis and contrastive demonstration. This paper analyzes the theme expression and art types of paper-cut and Mexican paper-cut in northern shaanxi, and collates the rich connotation culture contained in paper-cut patterns and the paper-cut culture of the sustainable development of northern shaanxi and Mexico bearing the message of ancient tu Teng worship, showing a unique artistic connotation. The precipitation of experienced also reflects the application and inheritance in today’s society.

Chinese folk paper-cutting has a long history of development, and it is a major folk art form created by the working people of all ages in our country in order to meet the needs of material and spiritual life, and Return lived in it. It has become a design art rooted in the folk, and it is entrusted with the beautiful expectation of the broad working group from life. Plane composition is a very important part of modern design foundation. Points, lines and surfaces are not only the basic elements of plane composition, but also create a colorful environment atmosphere through the artistic treatment of points, lines and surfaces in different indoor environment designs. Many artistic inspirations of modern design come from folk paper-cutting, and we get creative inspiration and enlightenment from the structure and composition of paper-cutting. By studying the comparison between folk paper-cut art and modern graphic design, this paper tries to provide an innovative way for modern graphic design.

The fabrication and characterization of a paper and pencil based resistive touch sensor is carried out in the present work. The sensor detects the effective change in the resistance, when the finger is placed on it. An ash less, low cost, easy to access, bio-degradable, flexible, light weight, easy to fabricate and ultra-thin sensor is developed by drawing interdigitated graphite electrodes on the Whatman filter paper of grade 42. Change in the resistance is due to the path created for flow of electrons, when the finger is placed. Current versus time and $\Delta$ R/Ro versus time characterization of fabricated device is done using Keithley 2450 source meter. Response of the device has made noticeable changes for the finger contact. The measured resistance of the non-touch and touch is found to be 80.154 M $\Omega$ and 4.748 M $\Omega$ respectively. This huge change in resistance is sufficient to detect the touch. The performance and sensitivity of the proposed sensor are evaluated using the test circuit and smart switch is developed on paper substrate.

Water plays several essential roles in paper manufacturing. It serves as a suspending medium and a swelling agent for the fibres, dispersing and forming them into a uniform sheet during the initial stage of the papermaking process. It also serves as the solvent for a variety of chemicals and additives to adjust product quality. Water reclamation has always been a momentous task in the pulp and paper (P&P) industry. The main driving forces for the adoption of process water and wastewater treatment technologies are environmental regulations, costs of wastewater discharge and the high cost of freshwater. Recent developments have made it possible to not only reduce water consumption and environmental impacts, but also to recover treated water and valuable compounds such as fibres, making water recycling technologies cost-efficient. Thus, the economic viability of these technologies has played an important role in their application. The technologies applied, the level of reduction in water consumption and the extent of water recycling are different for each mill, since the quality of whitewater and wastewater varies depending on the raw materials and products. The maintenance of the balance between partial equilibria of process variables such as water flowrates, pulp consistency, physiochemical, thermal and microbiological properties through water management is important for maintaining efficient water use and lowering the need for consumption of additional fresh water.

The present paper was prepared and submitted as part of the European Commission's public consultation to give stakeholders the opportunity to express their views on the questions raised and policy options proposed in the White Paper on Artificial Intelligence.

Electryo is a paper-based voting protocol that implements the Selene mechanism for individual verifiability. This short paper aims to provide the first formal model of Electryo, with security proofs for vote-privacy and individual verifiability. In general, voting protocols are complex constructs, involving advanced cryptographic primitives and strong security guarantees, posing a serious challenge when wanting to analyse and prove security with formal verification tools. Here we choose to use the \({{\,\mathrm{\textsc {Tamarin}}\,}}\) prover since it is one of the more advanced tools and is able to handle many of the primitives we encounter in the design and analysis of voting protocols.

The greatest challenge for European drug policies is how to effectively respond to the dynamic and constantly changing market for new psychoactive substances (NPS). Even small modifications in the chemical structure of substances often allow circumventing existing laws. Also in prison, the consumption of NPS is rising and there is growing evidence that NPS are responsible for a large share of drug-related problems. Ion mobility spectrometry (IMS) is the technique of choice for trace analysis of illicit drugs or explosives at security points, for example airports. Currently, databases of the reduced mobility (K0 ) values are limited to classical drugs and should be completed with data of emerging NPS. In this article, K0 values, LODs (0.7-3.6 ng) and drift times of 25 synthetic cannabinoids were evaluated. The data were added to existing databases of IMS which were then applied for fast screening in prison. The detection capability of the portable IMS technique was evaluated by the determination of intra-day (0.089%) and inter-day precision (0.004% to 0.14%), systematic error (0.19%), and separation capability for structurally related NPS. The applicability of the methodology was demonstrated by the successful analysis of 12 different pieces of paper impregnated with synthetic cannabinoids, 7 different cosmetics, and 5 food samples (liquids), spiked with a mixture of narcotic drugs and a synthetic cannabinoid. In addition, 14 herbal mixtures and 36 different casework samples from prisons were analyzed provided by the State Office of Criminal Investigation Rhineland-Palatinate (Germany).

The composition of the novel by the modern English writer P. Ackroyd “The Plato Papers” in connection with the problems of the work is considered. The review of the last researches devoted to creativity of this author is given. Attention is paid to how the work reveals the problem of interpretation of history, its ambiguity, the concept of the movement of time, progress, the relationship of the past, present and future. The author shows that when shifting the time of the novel in the future, Ackroyd uses the documentary imitation technique, changes narrators and types of narration. The composition of the work consisting of separate small parts connected in a key way by the speaker Plato is analyzed. Such properties of the composition of the analyzed novel as fragmentation and nonlinearity are noted. It is shown how the novel realizes postmodern idea about the relativity of the interpretations of the events of the past. The position of the main character endowed with the gift of insight, able to penetrate into the past, to look from an unusual point of view at the present, to doubt and seek the truth is revealed.

The food packaging industry generally uses papers and paperboards (PPBs) especially for disposable products. According to the Framework Regulation (EC) No. 1935/2004 of the European Union, no transfer of contamination should occur from food packaging material to the food items. The aim of this study was to determine the presence, numbers, source and different kinds of bacteria present in food packaging PPBs with various contents of pulp fiber. The samples were randomly collected from popular confectioners and fast food restaurants in Saharanpur, India. The results indicated the presence of bacteria in all the samples, ranging from 1.3 × 102 to 6.1 × 103 cfu/g. Most of the samples contained bacteria in more than the permitted concentration of 2.5 × 102 cfu/g as set by Food and Drug Administration (FDA). The detected bacteria were from genera Bacillacea, Staphylococcus and Pseudomonas. According to the FDA declaration, pathogenic bacteria such as B. cereus and S. aureus have been associated with food borne diseases (FBD). Some contaminants in food packaging PPBs were found to be B. subtilis and P. aeroginosa, which produce enzymes like peroxidases and lipoxygenases that are odor generating enzymes.

Success management can bring valuable contributions to improve project results and stakeholders’ relationships. However, the success management process must be explicitly integrated into project management approaches, guides and methodologies (such as PMBOK, PRINCE2 or PM2), which is not currently happening. The purpose of this position paper is to discuss the need and importance for this integration and to present a first proposal on how this can be operationalized. To support the position, the methodology of the European Union PM2 was used. The result of the integration demonstrates that it is possible to advance management and raise the level of project success.

Open Dialogue is a need-adapted approach to mental health care that was originally developed in Finland. Like other need-adapted approaches, Open Dialogue aims to meet consumer’s needs and promote collaborative person-centred dialogue to support recovery. Need-adapted mental health care is distinguished by flexibility and responsiveness. Fidelity, defined from an implementation science perspective as the delivery of distinctive interventions in a high quality and effective fashion is a key consideration in health care. However, flexibility presents challenges for evaluating fidelity, which is much easier to evaluate when manualization and reproducible processes are possible. Hence, it remains unclear whether Open Dialogue and other need-adapted mental health interventions can be meaningfully evaluated for fidelity. The aim of this paper was to critically appraise and advance the evaluation of fidelity in need-adapted mental health care, using Open Dialogue as a case study. The paper opens a discussion about how fidelity should be evaluated in flexible, complex interventions, and identifies key questions that need to be asked by practitioners working in need-adapted mental health care to ensure they deliver these interventions as intended and in an evidence-based fashion.

Nana Obimpe, known in private life as Joseph Kwesi Yumpo Mbimadong (1908-2013) was an educator, politician, academic, advocate and traditional ruler. This paper seeks to present the life story of Nana Obimpe and how local, national and global politics made him establish his own archives. The paper argues that his collections are of historiographical essence and could be valuable additions to information from some of the state archives in Ghana.

For almost 40 years, the British jurist and Fellow of the Royal Society Taylor White (1701–1772) actively engaged in commissioning artists to paint plants and animals for his ‘paper museum’. White amassed a collection of almost 1000 drawings of birds, mammals, fish, amphibians and reptiles, acquired by McGill University in 1927. His first recorded purchase was a watercolour by George Edwards (1694–1773). He also acquired works from Eleazar Albin ( fl. 1690– ca 1742) and Jacob van Huysum ( ca 1687–1740), but the majority of the watercolours were painted by two artists, Charles Collins ( ca 1680–1744) and Peter Paillou ( ca 1712–1782). In 2018 a research group at McGill University Library received funding from the Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada for the project ‘Undescrib'd: Taylor White's paper museum’. The project produced a complete catalogue of the White collection, including attribution of all unsigned works, and digitized all paintings and notes. This paper documents the process surrounding the original creation of the collection, reviewing the careers of the artists and White's relationship with them, the value of the commissions and the challenges of painting natural history subjects. It also describes the mechanics of painting, including pigments, papers used and artists' techniques.

TARAMAWOS WOS:000683650400001 TARAMASCOPUS In light of the recent developments in mobile technologies and students’ increased uses of these platforms for educational purposes, research on mobileassisted learning is gaining increased attention. Within this line of inquiry, the current study explored vocabulary learning outcomes from paper and mobile application flashcards. The study used a repeated measures design, by exposing the participants (55 high-school students) to different learning conditions and testing their receptive knowledge of core vocabulary in English in three junctures of time over a year. The participants were asked to use digital or paper flashcards for vocabulary learning, and two standard measures of vocabulary knowledge in pre- and post-tests were used to compare vocabulary gains. The results revealed that both groups improved their vocabulary knowledge over time. Nevertheless, the participants in the experimental group who used mobile applications outperformed the control group (paper flashcards) in the post-tests, and the effect size of the observed differences was very large. The findings underscore the long-term impacts of mobile-assisted vocabulary learning, and the affordances provided by such platforms for learning a considerable number of words by EFL learners. The findings also promise implications for language learners/teachers and materials developers in English language teaching programmes.

Introduction. Drug checking services for harm reduction and overdose prevention have been implemented in many jurisdictions as a public health intervention in response to the opioid overdose crisis. This study demonstrates the first on-site use of paper spray mass spectrometry for quantitative drug checking to address the limitations of current on-site drug testing technologies. Methods. Paper spray mass spectrometry was used to provide on-site drug checking services at a supervised consumption site in the Downtown Eastside of Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada during a 2-day pilot test in August 2019. The method included the targeted quantitative measurement of 49 drugs and an untargeted full scan to assist in identifying unknown/unexpected components. Results. During the pilot, 113 samples were submitted for analysis, with 88 (78%) containing the client expected substance. Fentanyl was detected in 45 of 59 expected fentanyl samples, and in 50 (44%) samples overall at a median concentration of 3.6% (w/w%). The synthetic precursor of fentanyl, 4-anilino-N-phenethyl-piperidine (4-ANPP), was found in 74.0% of all fentanyl samples at a median concentration of 2.2%, suggesting widespread poor manufacturing practices. Etizolam was detected in 10 submitted samples anticipated to be fentanyl at a median concentration of 2.5%. No clients submitting these samples expected etizolam or a benzodiazepine in their sample. In three instances, it was co-measured with fentanyl, and in seven cases it was detected alone. Discussion and Conclusions. The quantitative capabilities and low detection limits demonstrated by paper spray mass spectrometry offer distinct benefits over existing on-site drug checking methods and harm reduction services. This work was supported by the Natural Science and Engineering Research Council of Canada Discovery Grant Program funding (RGPIN-2016-05380), Vancouver Island University and the Health Canada Drug Checking Technology Challenge. This article was originally published as: Borden, S.A., Saatchi, A., Vandergrift, G.W., Palaty, J., Lysyshyn, M., & Gill, C.G. (2021). A new quantitative drug checking technology for harm reduction: Pilot study in Vancouver, Canada using paper spray mass spectrometry. Drug and Alcohol Review, 1-8. https://doi.org/10.1111/dar.13370 This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License. https://viurrspace.ca/bitstream/handle/10613/24515/Gill2021.pdf?sequence=3

During the colonial era, the French colonial government in Canada experimented with paper money printed on the back of playing cards. The first experiment lasted from 1685 to 1719. In the first years, there was little inflation in spite of a rapidly expanding stock of playing card money. It is only in the later years of the experiment that prices rose. The behavior of the money stock and nominal output suggest that velocity fluctuated throughout the period. We argue here that these fluctuations can be explained by variations in the enforcement of legal tender laws. This interpretation provides insights into the debate over the inflationary impact of paper money in the colonial United States.

Healthcare professionals (HCPs) are increasingly undertaking health professional education (HPE) research and scholarship. This discussion paper highlights key transition points experienced by HCPs newly engaging in HPE research and scholarship, using conceptual thresholds as a theoretical lens. The identified thresholds are: (1) recognising limits, (2) navigating discourses and (3) negotiating identities, and our paper evidences the epistemic, discursive and existential repositioning underpinning these thresholds. Supporting HCPs to successfully navigate the rich and vibrant world of HPE research and scholarship requires a multi-faceted strategy involving individual upskilling, co-construction of resources and strategies, and enhancing the invitational quality of HPE research activities, environments and communities.