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The Internet was initially used to transfer data packets between users and data sources with a specific IP address. Due to advancements, the Internet is being used to share data among different small, resource constrained devices connected in billions to constitute the (IOT) Internet of things .In addition, the paper discusses about wireless LAN Wi-Fi technology i.e. wireless local area network protocol and on a larger scale, mobile communication technology, that is used to provide connectivity to the internet, the wide area network. The paper draws an attention towards the background of IOT and its distinction with other technologies, discussion on network optimization in IOT. This paper not only reviews, compares and consolidates the recent related works, but also admires the author’s findings, solutions and discusses its usefulness towards network optimization in IOT. The uniqueness of this paper lies in the review of network optimization issues and challenges in IOT. In this paper, a comprehensive survey on the network optimization in IOT is presented.

Droplet-based microfluidics is a modular platform in high-throughput single cell and small sample analyses. However, this droplet microfluidic system was widely fabricated using soft lithography or glass capillaries, which is expensive and technically demanding for various applications, limiting use in resource-poor settings. Besides, the variation in droplet size is also restricted due to the limitations on the operating forces that the paper-based platform is able to withstand. Herein we develop a fully integrated paper-based droplet microfluidic platform for conducting droplet generation and cell encapsulation in independent aqueous droplets dispersed in a carrier oil by incorporating electric fields. Through imposing an electric field, the droplet size would decrease with increasing the electric filed and smaller droplets can be produced at high applied voltage. The droplet diameter can be adjusted by the ratio of inner and outer flow velocities as well as the applied electric field. We also demonstrated the proof of concept encapsulation application of our paper device by encapsulating yeast cells under an electric field. Using a simple wax printing method, carbon electrodes can be integrated on the paper. The integrated paper-based microfluidic platform can be fabricated easily and conducted outside of centralized laboratories. This microfluidic system shows great potential in drug and cell investigations by encapsulating cells in resource-limited environments. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

Academic scholarly communication is the predominant business of researchers, scientists, and scholars. It is the core element of promoting scientific thought, investigation, and building up solid knowledge. The development of preprint platform web interfaces, server repositories of electronic scholarly papers submitted by their authors and openly available to the scientific community proposed a new form of academic communication. The distribution of a preprint of a scientific manuscript allows the authors to claim the priority of discovery, in a manner similar to the conference proceedings output, but also creates an anteriority that prevents protection by a patent application. Herein, we review the scope and the role of preprint papers platforms in academia, we explore individual cases, arXiv, SSRN, OSF Preprints, HAL, bioRxiv, EconStor, RePEc, PhilArchive, Research Square, viXra, Cryptology ePrint Archive, Preprints.org, ChinaXiv, medRxiv, JMIR Preprints, Authorea, ChemRxiv, engrXiv, e-LiS, SciELO, PsyArXiv, F1000 Research, and Zenodo, and discuss their significance in promoting scientific discovery, the potential risks of scientific integrity, as well as the policies of data distribution and intellectual property rights, the plus and minus, for the stakeholders, authors, institutions, states, scientific journals, scientific community, and the public. In this review we explore the scope and policies of the existing preprint papers platforms in different academic research fields.

Advances in technology enabled the development of a web-based, pictorial FFQ to collect parent-report dietary intakes of 7-year-old children in the Growing Up in Singapore Towards healthy Outcomes study. This study aimed to compare intakes estimated from a paper-FFQ and a web-FFQ and examine the relative validity of both FFQ against 3-d diet records (3DDR). Ninety-two mothers reported food intakes of their 7-year-old child on a paper-FFQ, a web-FFQ and a 3DDR. A usability questionnaire collected participants’ feedback on the web-FFQ. Correlations and agreement in energy, nutrients and food groups intakes between the dietary assessments were evaluated using Pearson’s correlation, Lin’s concordance, Bland–Altman plots, Cohen’s κ and tertile classification. The paper- and web-FFQ had good correlations (≥ 0·50) and acceptable-good agreement (Lin’s concordance ≥ 0·30; Cohen’s κ ≥ 0·41; ≥ 50 % correct and ≤ 10 % misclassification into same or extreme tertiles). Compared with 3DDR, both FFQ showed poor agreement (< 0·30) in assessing absolute intakes except micronutrients (web-FFQ had acceptable-good agreement), but showed acceptable-good ability to classify children into tertiles (κ ≥ 0·21; ≥ 40 % and ≤ 15 % correct or misclassification). Bland–Altman plots suggest good agreement between web-FFQ and 3DDR in assessing micronutrients and several food groups. The web-FFQ was well-received, and majority (81 %) preferred the web-FFQ over the paper-FFQ. The newly developed web-FFQ produced intake estimates comparable to the paper-FFQ, has acceptable-good agreement with 3DDR in assessing absolute micronutrients intakes and has acceptable-good ability to classify children according to categories of intakes. The positive acceptance of the web-FFQ makes it a feasible tool for future dietary data collection.

One way of exposing predatory journals is to submit a spoof article to see if it gets accepted. We investigate one journal, looking at how it has performed since a spoof paper it accepted came to light. We find that it has published almost 20% more papers following the acceptance of the spoof paper. The journal has a new web site, which appears to show that it did not publish its first paper until 2018. However, there is an old web site that lists 321 papers dating back to 2012. The editors said that this is due to a new workflow system, which meant that previously published papers could not be listed on the new web site. Moreover, the number of papers could be not accommodated, as a high configuration server would be required to provide a responsive web site. We found some plagiarism, which looks quite serious. We conclude that the spoof paper had little effect on the journal, which continues to operate, seven years after the spoof paper was accepted.

Background Missed nursing care is a complex healthcare problem. Extant literature in this area identifies several interventions that can be used in acute hospital settings to minimise the impact of missed nursing care. However, controversy still exists as to the effectiveness of these interventions on reducing the occurrence of missed nursing care. Aim This theoretical paper aimed to provide a conceptual understanding of missed nursing care using complexity theory. Methods The method utilised for this paper is based on a literature review on missed care and complexity theory in healthcare. Results We found that the key virtues of complexity theory relevant to the missed nursing care phenomenon were adaptation and self-organisation, non-linear interactions and history. It is suggested that the complex adaptive systems approach may be more useful for nurse managers to inform and prepare nurses to meet uncertain encounters in their everyday clinical practice and therefore reduce instances of missed care. Conclusions This paper envisions that it is time that methods used to explore missed care changed. Strategies proposed in this paper may have an important impact on the ability of nursing staff to provide quality and innovative healthcare in the modern healthcare system.

Background Brugada syndrome is a rare inherited arrhythmic syndrome with a coved type 1 ST-segment elevation on ECG and an increased risk of sudden death. Many studies have evaluated risk stratification performance based on ECG-derived parameters. However, since historical Brugada patient cohorts included mostly paper ECGs, most studies have been based on manual ECG parameter measurements. We hypothesized that it would be possible to run automated algorithm-based analysis of paper ECGs. We aimed: 1) to validate the digitization process for paper ECGs in Brugada patients; and 2) to quantify the acute class I antiarrhythmic drug effect on relevant ECG parameters in Brugada syndrome. Methods A total of 176 patients (30% female, 43 ± 13 years old) with induced type 1 Brugada syndrome ECG were included in the study. All of the patients had paper ECGs before and during class I antiarrhythmic drug challenge. Twenty patients also had a digital ECG, in whom printouts were used to validate the digitization process. Paper ECGs were scanned and then digitized using ECGScan software, version 3.4.0 (AMPS, LLC, New York, NY, USA) to obtain FDA HL7 XML format ECGs. Measurements were automatically performed using the Bravo (AMPS, LLC, New York, NY, USA) and Glasgow algorithms. Results ECG parameters obtained from digital and digitized ECGs were closely correlated (r = 0.96 ± 0.07, R2 = 0.93 ± 0.12). Class I antiarrhythmic drugs significantly increased the global QRS duration (from 113 ± 20 to 138 ± 23, p Conclusions Automated algorithm-based measurements of depolarization and repolarization parameters from digitized paper ECGs are reliable and could quantify the acute effects of class 1 antiarrhythmic drug challenge in Brugada patients. Our results support using computerized automated algorithm-based analyses from digitized paper ECGs to establish risk stratification decision trees in Brugada syndrome.

As the main carrier of cultural inheritance, paper cultural relics are easily affected by the microorganism and external environment. In order to protect paper cultural relics, in this paper, traditional Chinese medicine A and sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) were prepared into a multi-functional mixture solution to use for antibacterial and reinforcement of paper relics. The antibacterial effects of the A on Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus were studied through the single factor experiment. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of A and the concentration range of A-CMC for paper reformulation were determined. The results showed that the MIC values of A to Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus were 0.2 mg/ml. The optimal ratio of the composite liquid is 0.8% CMC concentration and 0.2 mg/ml A. Under this condition, the paper has a good bacteriostatic effect. This showed that the traditional Chinese medicine A can be used as an antibacterial agent for paper. Keywords: Traditional Chinese Medicine A, bacteriostasis, CMC, paper properties.

This study aims to analyze the factors that influence firm value, where the independent variables consist of ownership structure, capital structure and gender diversity, and financial performance as a mediation. The research used is Pulp & Paper companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange for the period 2015 – 2019. Using samples from 7 manufacturing companies. By using a sample of 7 manufacturing companies. The test analysis used is the SmartPLS 3.0 program. Based on the results of the study, ownership structure and gender diversity have no significant effect on firm value, capital structure and financial performance have a significant positive effect on firm value, and financial performance has no significant effect on mediating ownership structure and capital structure on the firm. The limitation of this study is to use financial reports sourced from the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) for the pulp and paper sector from 2015-2019 and have financial reports for 5 consecutive years. The implications of this research are expected to provide information for investors on things that can affect the value of the company, especially the paper industry sector.How to Cite:Fernando, W., & Setiawan, T. (2021). Analisis Model Atas Faktor Penentu Nilai Perusahan (Studi Pada Perusahaan Pulp and Paper yang Terdaftar di BEI 2015-2019). Akuntabilitas: Jurnal Ilmu Akuntansi, 14(2), 231-242.

This paper introduces the background, concept and definition of the Industry Commons. It initiates a discussion on the positioning of the Industry Commons Ecosystem (ICE) with respect to current research directions in advanced manufacturing and production systems that shape advances in engineering and technology, novel business models and innovation breakthroughs. The potential value of data sharing across industrial domains is estimated at over $100 billion, particularly in view of optimising manufacturing processes. Data sharing across domains however faces a series of well-documented challenges associated with the lack of semantic interoperability and related standards, management of trust and sustainability. Solving bottlenecks in data sharing requires a systemic approach to data management, which can account for all aspects of data use, levels of application, attribution and dynamic exchanges. In this paper we propose a high-level ecosystem approach that integrates societal values with digital affordances of industry's cognitive-assisted processes, remote interfacing, hybrid applications and large-scale value networks. Early development of an Ontology Commons EcoSystem (OCES) is presented as the key enabling framework for Industry Commons interoperability and a series of enabling frameworks form the basis of future research directions in Trusted Data Sharing and Closed-Loop Lifecycle Management for greater sustainability.

A rewritable photonic crystal (PC) paper as an environmentally friendly and low-resource-consuming material for information storage and spreading has gradually become a research hotspot. In this work, a novel rewritable PC paper with inkless writing and double-sided rewritability properties was developed. A double-sided epoxy resin PC paper exhibiting an inverse opal structure and a bright structural color was fabricated using the sacrificial template method. Carbon black was doped into the material to increase color saturation and purity while preventing light transmission and protecting the double-sided structural color from interference. The force of sliding friction and deformation triggered by capillary pressure as well as swelling-triggered recovery of the inverse opal structure led to an easy rewriting of the PC paper. The PC paper exhibited excellent rewritability even after 50 runs of the rewriting process. Given the inkless and double-sided rewriting, this study provides a new method for the preparation of rewritable PC papers.

This thesis discusses Indonesia's efforts in dealing with allegations of dumping Indonesian paper products from the South Korean government. The lengthy process of negotiations and negotiations between the two countries is an obstacle in the process of settling trade disputes that occur. In this matter, Indonesia and South Korea conduct negotiations to resolve the problem of imposition of Anti-Dumping Import Duty (BMAD) for Indonesian paper products under the supervision of the authorized body of the WTO, namely the Disputes Settlement Body (DSB). The negotiations proposed by Indonesia as the claimant country to South Korea are a form of trade dispute settlement through a diplomatic mechanism. Through diplomatic steps, trade problems that occur between the two countries can be resolved concretely and peacefully. However, after the trial was running and the DSB had issued its results by winning Indonesia, both the Korea Trade Commission (KTC) and the South Korean government were reluctant to apply the results of the DSB panel session decisions. Therefore, Indonesia is trying to uphold the results of the DSB WTO panel decision through diplomacy. First, diplomacy is carried out by involving state actors directly, namely the Indonesian government. Both diplomatic efforts were carried out by Indonesian business actors in a cooperative manner at the time the KTC investigation was conducted. Indonesia is trying to uphold the results of the DSB WTO panel decision through diplomacy. First, diplomacy is carried out by involving state actors directly, namely the Indonesian government. Both diplomatic efforts were carried out by Indonesian business actors in a cooperative manner at the time the KTC investigation was conducted. Indonesia is trying to uphold the results of the DSB WTO panel decision through diplomacy. First, diplomacy is carried out by involving state actors directly, namely the Indonesian government. Both diplomatic efforts were carried out by Indonesian business actors in a cooperative manner at the time the KTC investigation was conducted. This thesis aims to describe the efforts and steps to resolve the allegation of dumping on Indonesian paper products by the South Korean government through KTC. Explain the chronology of the problem of accusations of dumping Indonesian paper products and the determination of dumping losses by the WTO. Then analyze how the efforts to resolve the problems made by the government and Indonesian businessmen in trying to implement the results of the WTO DSB panel session decisions through diplomacy.

PurposeSynergy indicators and social network analysis (SNA), as practical tools, provide the possibility of explaining the pattern of scientific collaboration and visualization of network relations. Recognition of scientific capacities is the basis of synergy. The present study aims to measure and discover the synergistic networks of COVID-19’s top papers at the level of co-authorship, countries, journals, bibliographic couples and titles.Design/methodology/approachThe synergy indicator, co-authorship co-citation network analysis methods were applied. The research population comprises COVID-19’s top papers indexed in Essential Science Indicator and Web of Science Core Collection 2020 and 2021. Excel 2016, UCINET 6.528.0.0 2017, NetDraw, Ravar Matrix, VOSviewer version 1.6.14 and Python 3.9.5 were applied to analyze the data and visualize the networks.FindingsThe findings indicate that considering the three possible possibilities for authors, countries and journals, more redundancy and information are created and potential for further cooperation is observed. The synergy of scientific collaboration has revealed that “Wang, Y,” “USA” and “Science of the Total Environment” have the most effective capabilities and results. “Guan (2020b)” and “Zhou (2020)” are bibliographic couplings that have received the most citations. The keywords “CORONAVIRUS DISEASE 2019 (COVID-19)” were the most frequent in article titles.Originality/valueIn a circumstance that the world is suffering from a COVID-19 pandemic and all scientists are conducting various researches to discover vaccines, medicines and new treatment methods, scientometric studies, and analysis of social networks of COVID-19 publications to be able to specify the synergy rate and the scientific collaboration networks, are not only innovative and original but also of great importance and priority; SNA tools along with the synergy indicator is capable of visualizing the complicated and multifaceted pattern of scientific collaboration in COVID-19. As a result, analyses can help identify existing capacities and define a new space for using COVID-19 researchers’ capabilities.

The color gamut of imaging media is significant for the reproduction of color images because its magnitude directly affects the degree to which colors change during the printing process. Over the last few years, digital impression technology has started to play a substantial role in the printing industry due to the quest for short runs and variable information printing. The color gamut of electrophotographic digital printing depends on various parameters including the printer and toner, but especially the properties (whiteness, roughness, and gloss) of the paper, which influence the final printed color gamut and replication quality. Artificial intelligence approaches are applied herein for the first time to choose and predict the performance of a paper with appropriate properties to achieve the maximum color gamut. A genetic algorithm-based computer code is developed to optimize the architecture of an artificial neural network, thereby yielding an accurate model to predict the color gamut achievable in electrophotographic color printing. The gamut volume was generated using an Eye-One spectrophotometer, ProfileMaker, and ColorThink software. The properties of 11 dissimilar types of paper were assessed by atomic force microscopy, spectrophotometer, and goniophotometer. The results indicate that the reproducibility depended considerably on the features of the paper. Although high whiteness and gloss increased the color gamut volume, and high roughness decreased the reproducibility of the printing machine, the artificial intelligence approach provided the opportunity to achieve a high gamut volume with low gloss and high roughness.

The study aims to find the quality of research papers published in the domain of entrepreneurship in India. This study covers 100 research papers. A standardized measurement tool developed by the earlier researchers was used to evaluate the research quality. The data compiled using the measurement tool were analyzed with the support of the SPSS. The statistical tools such as descriptive statistics, Friedman’s test, factor analysis, two-sample ‘t’ test, and ANOVA are applied to analyze the data. The study findings reported that the quality of research papers published in the field of entrepreneurship is not up to the quality standards. The quality of multiple-author papers is better than single-author papers. Similarly, the quality of papers published by foreign authors is comparatively better than Indian authors. Further, the quality of papers published with the combination of foreign and Indian authors is substantially good. The quality of papers published in foreign journals is higher as compared with Indian journals. Further, the standard of papers published under the qualitative approach was comparatively better than the quantitative approach. The authors developed a Conceptual Model of Process and Product of Research (YOVA model). This model clearly shows that the whole research process yields six levels of research products. The study recommended that the researchers need to go for international collaborations to improve the quality of the publication. The funding agencies, higher learning institutions and research institutions should focus on enhancing research infrastructure. The study examined the validity of research articles searched by novice researchers in India in Google by using keywords related to entrepreneurship and, as such this non-focused approach is a big impediment to quality research.

Headline generation is a challenging subtask of abstractive text summarization, which its output should be a summary, shorter than one sentence. It would be precious to develop a dataset for the evaluation of abstractive summarization methods on this task in the Persian language. There are several datasets for headline generation in Persian, most of which are not large enough to be used by more sophisticated methods of text summarization, such as deep learning models. Moreover, all of these datasets are focused on daily news and there is no dataset for summarizing scientific Persian papers. In this article, we present “ElmNet,” a headline generation dataset of about 400,000 abstract/headline pairs of scientific papers, gathered from six major publishers for scientific articles in Persian. We, moreover, evaluate the performance of the most important deep learning-based headline generation methods, on the proposed dataset. The results prove the comparability of the performance of the state-of-the-art methods on this task, to their results on the existing English datasets.

The article deals with matla‘ (first she‘r – two-line couplet – in a ghazal) of the first ghazal in the Divan by Mirza Asadulla-khan Ghalib (1792–1869) written in Urdu. One of the items usually commented there is the garment made of paper (kāġhażī peirahan). It used to be worn in ancient times by the complainers who appealed to the ruler. The range of complaints in the poetry of Ghalib as well as by other Urdu and Persian poets was wide, however, stable. “Wearing paper clothes”, the petitioner complained about the Almighty, the ill fate, a cruel girl, a lack of understanding of the petitioner’s poetry and the poor remuneration, and finally, about the poet himself, who “dressed” his poems in the paper. Тhese diverse situations form the elements of the literary motif as well as its context and are common in the Persian verses by the predecessors of Ghalib and also himself. Its analysis helps to understand all levels of meaning inherent in one of the most difficult-to-interpret texts by Ghalib.

Facemasks are considered safe and wearable devices that cover the human mouth and nose for filtering exhaled aerosols and inhaled environmental exposures; various chemical and environmental residues thus can remain in facemasks. Therefore, direct analysis of residues in facemasks can be used to investigate the wearer's health and behavior. Here, we developed a simple paper-in-facemask sampling method for adsorbing a wearer's respiratory aerosol and environmental exposures by fixing paper strips at the outside and inside surfaces of facemasks, and the paper strips were then analyzed by paper spray mass spectrometry (PSMS) for directly detecting adsorbed analytes without any sample pretreatment. The applicability of this device was demonstrated by directly analyzing exhaled aerosolized saliva, breath metabolites, and inhalable environmental exposures. The technical aspects, including sampling time, sampling position, paper property, and spray solvent, were investigated. The sampling process was revealed to involve a continuous-flow adsorptive mechanism. These findings motivated us to extend this work and build a wearable sampling device that is capable of simultaneously monitoring both exhaled and inhaled biomarkers in situ to investigate human health and environmental exposure. This work highlights that facemasks are promising platforms for aerosol collection and direct MS analysis, which is expected to be a promising method for monitoring human health, diseases, and behaviors.

Finding an effective framework for the consumption of municipal and construction/demolition wastes has been the main research consideration for decades. For different categories of wastes, there is a need for the development of working systems for cleaner utilization of the materials. This study is focused on the review of composite development using paper waste and pulverized ceramics. The issues discussed comprises; excessive waste production, the building sector’s ecological effects, paper waste availability, and proposed solutions to realizing a sustainable built environment. The study also discussed standard mortar and the various types that exist, lightweight mortar, its nature, intricacies of its production process, and the prior use of waste materials for its manufacture. Paper waste, although not having enough strength as conventional aggregate, but with its filling effect, could fit lightweight mortar production along with other similar aggregates. The study gave an overview of the methodological deficiency found and proposed viable approaches to combat these gaps and further advance sustainable and eco-friendly construction.

Highlights •Mechanical stimuli-triggered optical responses of cholesteric liquid crystal devices are realized.•Self-powered bistable smart window and E-paper are demonstrated.•Self-powered optical switch is developed for remote control.Intelligent responsive devices are crucial for a variety of applications ranging from smart electronics to robotics. Electro-responsive cholesteric liquid crystals (CLC) have been widely applied in display panels, smart windows, and so on. In this work, we realize the mechanical stimuli-triggered optical responses of the CLC by integrating it with a triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG), which converts the mechanical motion into alternating current electricity and then tunes the different optical responses of the CLC. When the voltage applied on the CLC is relatively low (15–40 V), the TENG drives the switching between the bistable planar state and focal conic state of the CLC, which shows potential applications in self-powered smart windows or E-paper displays. When the voltage supplied by the TENG is larger than 60 V, a self-powered optical switch is demonstrated by utilizing the transformation between focal conic state and instantons homeotropic state of the CLC. This triboelectric-optical responsive device consumes no extra electric power and suggests a great potential for future smart electronics.

Traction transformers are one of the most important equipment in the traction power supply system. Thermal aging of transformer insulation system determines its reliable life. To achieve an estimation of the insulation life of traction power transformers operated under real load condition, the effects of traction loads on the thermal aging of oil-paper insulation in traction transformers were investigated. First, the design principles for the accelerated thermal aging experiment were studied and proposed by considering magnitude (i.e., load rate) and frequency (i.e. spare time and lasting time) of the traction load. Then, an experimental system was established in the laboratory to conduct extensive accelerated thermal aging experiments, in which the traction loads were mimicked by using positive temperature coefficient (PTC) heating plates and a programmable logic controller (PLC). Finally, the experimental results were analyzed and discussed to reveal the effects of traction load on the thermal aging of oil-paper insulation in traction transformers.

To date, very few treatments have been demonstrated to reduce the burden of morbidity and mortality from COVID-19. Although corticosteroids have been proven to reduce mortality in severe disease, there has been little convincing evidence on interventions that may prevent disease, reduce hospitalizations, and reduce the numbers of people progressing to critical disease and death. Ivermectin is a well-known medicine that is approved as an antiparasitic by the World Health Organization and the US Food and Drug Administration. It is widely used in lowand middle-income countries to treat worm infections. Also used for the treatment of scabies and lice, it is one of the World Health Organization’s Essential Medicines.1 With total doses of ivermectin distributed apparently equalling one-third of the present world population,1 ivermectin at the usual doses (0.2–0.4 mg/kg) is considered extremely safe for use in humans.1 In addition to its antiparasiticactivity, it has been noted to have antiviral and anti-inflammatory properties, leading to an increasing list of therapeutic indications. South African authorities approved the use of a drug used to control parasites in humans and livestock to treat coronavirus patients. Additionally, in January 2021, the South African Health Products Regulatory Authority (SAHPRA) announced that ivermectin, would be allowedfor use on compassionate grounds in a controlled-access program. Ivermectin locally has been used for the prevention and/or management of Covid-19 infection. This has resulted in a huge black market trade of ivermectin in South Africa as many health professionals and others have taken to social media and other platforms to profile this drug as an effective treatment for the covid-19 viral infection. Roman and colleagues (2021)1 conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate treatment effects of Ivermectin (IVM) on clinical outcomes and adverse events (AEs) in people with COVID-19.

Space Resource Utilization could reduce the mass, cost, and risks of future space activities. The many nonlinear and compounding effects mean that seemingly insignificant concept of operations choices can invalidate the conclusions of sophisticated analyses. Here we successively relax self-imposed constraints in a recent publication to demonstrate that the proximity of a market and the benefits of aerobraking cannot be omitted.

Objectives To present the history and potential for development of evidence-based (EB) social work in China. Study design and setting The conception and methodology of EB social work is a potential strategy to support high quality development of social work in China. This article documents and analyzes the progress of EB social work in China. We focus on current research, reasons, challenges, and strategies. Results EB social work started late in China. The number of EB social work literature and systematic reviews has increased since 2004. The development of EB social work has been uneven nationally with few practitioners and decision makers involved. However, more and more social work researchers received training in evidence-based practice through national workshops and conferences. Conclusion EB social work faced various challenges, but there are now more opportunities for EB social work development in China. Researchers, practitioners, managers and decision makers are encouraged to work together to establish a thorough methodological system and use existing evidence as much as possible when carrying out social work programs and services.

Demand on the quick screening of gastric cancer (GC) has significantly stimulated the development of biomarker sensing techniques. Herein, we report the novel fluorescent paper-based analytical devices (PADs) for detections of GC-related microRNA-21 (miRNA-21) and circular RNA from Hippocampus Abundant Transcript 1 gene (circRNA-HIAT1) with prominent reliability and sensitivity. The PADs, constructed by in-situ synthesis of blue-emissive carbon dots (CDs) and conjugations of probe DNAs, exhibit the superior uniformity and stability. In the presence of targets, rolling circle amplifications (RCA) are triggered to generate long DNA strands for the assemblies of green-/red-emissive labels. Consequently, remarkable blue-to-green and blue-to-red emission color transitions of the PADs are achieved, implementing the color-analysis of miRNA-21 and circRNA-HIAT1, respectively. Benefited from the efficient RCA, coupled with the drastic ratiometric fluorescent changes, the limit of detections (LODs) of PADs are found to be several fM with the upper limit of the linear detection range at 1 nM. More importantly, the fluorescent PADs possess excellent specificity, as well as anti-interference capability in biological settings, enabling their applications in accurate GC screening with plasma samples. Overall, the proposed fluorescent PADs are featured with robust sensing platform, facile signal readout, and exceptional dual-type RNA sensing performance, holding high potential in point-of-care testing (POCT).

Causticizing process of pulp and paper mills, is highly energy intensive and environmentally unsafe. We report environmental friendly electro-electrodialysis (EED) process using in-house prepared cation exchange membranes (CEMs) for NaOH production from green liquor solution (GLS) of agro-based paper mills. Different composite CEMs with varied composition of sulfonated graphene oxide (SGO) incorporated sulfonated poly (ether ether ketone) (SPK) were synthesized. Best optimized CEM (SPK-3 with 3.0 wt% SGO loading) exhibited 1.75 mmol·g−1 cation exchange capacity, 32.01% water uptake, 11.41% swelling ratio, conductivity 0.037 S·cm−1, and 0.97 counter-ion transport number with high alkaline and thermo-mechanical stabilities. Industrial GLS was used for NaOH production by EED at 60 mA·cm−2current density. Optimized SPK-3 membrane produced 1.17 mol·L−1 of NaOH with 61.4% current efficiency (η), and 2.58 kW·h·kg−1 energy consumption (EC) during 4 h of EED process. Under similar operating conditions, pristine (SPK), and commercial CEM (FKB-PK-130), showed inferior performance. Longevity of SPK-3 CEM was assessed with industrial GLS for fifty cycles of EED experiments 4 h duration each. Reported results are promising for sustainable NaOH production from industrial GLS of pulp and paper mills, and provide a resourceful alternate for industrial waste.

Renewable and bio-based materials have gained great interest on an industrial scale owing to environmental issues. Paper industries also are constantly exploring bio-resources for intrinsic chemico-physical property enhancement of paper and paper products. These bio-resources will potentially increase their cyclability besides making paper compatible beyond traditional uses. Mechanical beating or use of chemical additives or the combination of these methods are widely used to improve critical paper characteristics such as strength, surface smoothness, density, brightness, filler retention, water and grease resistivity etc. These chemical additives as mill effluents are hazardous and have detrimental effect on environment. So, to move ahead of traditional practices, the present review discusses about the production and utility of abundantly available renewable bio-polymers and their products such as starch, cellulose, plant-based proteins, microbial biopolymers, animal-based biopolymers, and natural gums etc. They represent ample prospect in terms of research and development on their functionality and industrial applications.

Pulp and paper mills are known large emitters of air pollution creating potential environmental challenges and human health impacts. This study assesses air pollution and associated impacts from connected pulp and paper facilities which operate in Edmundston, New Brunswick, Canada, and Madawaska, Maine, United States (US). Despite operating within two regulatory jurisdictions on both sides of the international border (in Canada and the US), the mills have exceeded their approvals to operate and national air quality regulations multiple times between 2010 and 2017. Previous studies have linked many types of cancer as well as respiratory and cardiovascular diseases to air pollution emitted by pulp and paper mills, making this an important regional issue in Canada and the US. While potential environmental and community impacts are likely similar on both sides of the international border, emissions from each side are not reported on the other, and few studies have been conducted on either side. Historic and ongoing lack of local epidemiological health and environmental impact studies and recommendations for improvements to mill operations to improve environmental and human health are presented.

This paper reports on the manufacture of ZnO nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) from Prosopis juliflora leaf extracts. Various methods of characterization were used, including X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), scanning electron microscope (SEM), and transmission electron microscope TEM. ZnO NPs has a hexagonal wurtzite structure with a preferred orientation of 101 planes, according to XRD. The functional groups found in ZnO NPs isolated from leaves are responsible for the FT-IR peaks that correspond to them. The morphology of the produced nanoparticles is a sphere-like form, as shown in the SEM pictures. TEM examination revealed ZnO NPs with a size of 50–55 nm. These ZnO NPs were used to remediate pollutants in paper mill effluents, and they were able to remove 86% of the organic pollutants from the sample at 0.05 mg/L dose and reduce 89% of the organic pollutants during a 5-h reflex time. Meanwhile, for the photocatalysis of paper mill effluents, it has been noted that COD was removed by 74.30%, 63.23%, and 57.96% for the first, second, and third cycles, respectively.

The use of membranes in integrated water systems has garnered increasing attention in paper mills operating with virgin fibres, with documented closed water loops in industry. However, limited research exists on the performance of ultrafiltration (UF) in mills operating with 100% recycled fibres (RCF) and closed water systems, as these result in the introduction and accumulation of insoluble contaminants in the effluent. This study investigated the effect of transmembrane pressure (TMP) and feed organic load on the flux, types of fouling, and organic separation with UF membranes in a recycled paper mill using 100% RCF. The high feed organic load caused inevitable fouling, limiting the highest achievable flux. However, the TMP could be manipulated to improve on or exacerbate the process performance, within the range that was set as a result of the feed's characteristics. Low TMP (1.35 bar) generated the highest permeability and chemical oxygen demand removal, while higher TMPs produced higher fluxes and recoveries. The process was characterised by high initial fluxes, followed by cake formation, which dominated, and pore blockage. The excess cake formation induced cake filtration. This study shows the potential of UF membranes to be used as pre-treatment in filtering the process water in a recycled paper mill operating with 100% RCF, a critical step forward in implementing an integrated water system, and eventually closing the water loop.

Nowadays, demand of the pulp and paper production increases quickly. That increasing demand has led to demanding of eucalyptus plantation. That is why eucalyptus plantation has rapidly expanded and became the most planted tree species across the world over the last century. Not only because its unique characteristics, increasing of eucalyptus plantation also happened because its growing gives a socio-economic benefits, industrial benefits, and environmental impacts. However, increasing demand of eucalyptus certainly make availability of eucalyptus being determined, known as limited supply chain. Due to the increasing demand and limited supply chain, the eucalyptus wood supply should managed, by integrated the supply chain well. In this research study, the supply chain of eucalyptus wood for pulp and paper industry was diagnosed and divided into three degree, there are direct supply chain, extended supply chain, and ultimate supply chain. Four main stakeholders in this chain identified consisted of the eucalyptus seedling developers and sellers, the suppliers, the distribution centers, and the pulp and paper production plants.

The aim of the study was to use black liquor produced during the soda pulping process in a pulp and paper mill to increase methane production during pulp and paper industry sludge treatment and decrease the treatment cost. The effects of black liquor on sludge solubilization and methane production were assessed and the economic feasibility of the process was evaluated. Black liquor and NaOH were found to be equivalent in the thermochemical pretreatment process to solubilize sludge and disintegrate flocs. However, adding black liquor increased the background chemical oxygen demand and volatile fatty acid concentration and increased the amount of methane produced by approximately 7-30%. A start-up delay was emphasized by first-order kinetics model due to black liquor addition while methane production remained stable. Economic assessments of five scenarios were performed. It was found to be economically feasible to use black liquor to replace NaOH for the thermal pretreatment process. The surplus methane generated suggested that co-digestion of sludge and black liquor allows surplus bioenergy to be produced during the thermochemical pretreatment anaerobic digestion process.

The Guidelines on Building a Market-Oriented Green Technology Innovation System, which was released by China in 2019, has become a powerful signal to guide the development of green technology innovation (GTI). In the current digital strategy of China, the public media has become a key factor for promoting the transparency of enterprise environmental information. This paper measures the GTI efficiency of the listed paper enterprises in China as well as incorporating media attention into the research framework to explore the influencing factors of GTI of the listed paper enterprises in China during the digital economy era. The results showed that a positive media report had a positive impact on GTI and has become a new driving factor in promoting sustainable production in the digital era. Government support and openness also have a positive impact on GTI. However, negative media reports, environmental regulations, and technological innovation abilities have an inhibitory effect on the GTI efficiency of paper making enterprises.

The use of waste paper as a fibrous semi-finished product in the production of paper and paperboard products makes it possible to somewhat reduce the consumption of cellulose. However, waste paper contains a number of water-polluting components of mineral and organic nature, which were introduced into its composition at the stage of production. One of the issues that may arise in the design of technological systems for the production of a given type of paper or cardboard or in the reconstruction of existing production to reduce losses of fibrous semi-finished products and ensure their optimal use or reduce fresh water consumption is to calculate the pollution and also to determine the impact of cardboard and paper production tanks and treatment plants on the dynamics and level of watercourse pollution. To study and analyze the paper and cardboard production processes, which belong to the class of complex technological systems, a methodology was developed that, using computer technology, allows assessing the state of a technological system until its implementation in action. However, from a practical point of view, methods still should be developed that will allow the designer to find solutions to problems that may arise at the design stage of the technological system for production of a given type of paper or cardboard or in the reconstruction of existing production. These problems are related to the calculation of the pollution level and the determination of impact from cardboard and paper production tanks and treatment facilities. The purpose of this article is to conduct research and forecast calculations based on mathematical models to determine the patterns of influence exerted by tanks on the dynamics and level of watercourse pollution in the production of paper and cardboard. The generalized technological system of cardboard production, which is presented in the form of a material flow graph, is taken as an object for research. Water-soluble contaminants of mineral and organic nature enter the production system together with fibrous raw materials, partly with fresh water, and with chemical additives used to impart certain qualities to the product at the stage of its production and at the stage of mechano-chemical water purification. In order to study their impact, it is necessary to conduct at least two stages of calculations on a personal computer using pre-designed models for the dynamics and level of watercourse pollution. At the first stage, the dynamic characteristics of each element of the technological system were equated to elements that do not have a dynamic delay and for which the passage of all watercourses is subject to the speed at which the cardboard web is cast on the mesh. The number of cycles before equilibrium is 99. In the second stage of calculations, it was taken into account that the four tanks in the technological system of production are characterized by a moment of delay and, therefore, the values ​​of delay factors were chosen based on water reserves that accumulate in these basins. The number of cycles before equilibrium in the second stage increased to 264. The main conclusion from the analysis of two options: the technological system in both cases goes to equilibrium at equal values ​​for all components of water-soluble mineral and organic components. However, there are often situations when, in the process of developing (designing) a complex technological system for the production of paper or cardboard, developers are interested in the weighted average concentration of water-soluble mineral components that most affect the state of water flows, and then the technological system can be simplified and presented as a single container linked to the environment. Analysis of the calculation formula of the time for the technological system to reach equilibrium shows that the time value is largely determined by the ratio of the water capacity (W) of the process system to the amount of water (BS) removed from the system. The greater the water capacity of the technological system and the smaller the BS, the longer the time the technological system reaches equilibrium. The next step of the study is to verify the results obtained on the basis of adequate mathematical models in actual production conditions.

Cloud computing is an architecture for facilitating computing service through the internet on requirement and pay per use access to a group of shared resources namely networks, storage, servers, services and applications, without physically acquiring them Cloud DBMS is a distributed database that gives computing as a service. It is sharing of web infrastructure for resources, software and information over a network. The cloud is used as a storage location and database can be accessed and computed from anywhere. In this paper I have discussed about cloud and its use. How we can implement cloud for better performance and different benefits and drawbacks of cloud which we can improve in future Cloud computing has received increasing interest from enterprises since its inception. With its innovative information technology (IT) services delivery model, cloud computing could add technical and strategic business value to enterprises. However, cloud computing poses highly concerning internal (e.g., Top management and experience) and external issues (e.g., regulations and standards). This paper presents a systematic literature review to explore the current key issues related to cloud computing adoption. This is achieved by reviewing 15 articles published about cloud computing adoption. Using the grounded theory approach, articles are classified into eight main categories: in-ternal, external, evaluation, proof of concept, adoption decision, implementation and integration, IT governance, and confirmation. Then, the eight categories are divided into two abstract categories: cloud computing adoption factors and processes, where the former affects the latter. The results of this review indicate that enterprises face serious issues before they decide to adopt cloud computing. Based on the findings, the paper provides a future information systems (IS) research agenda to explore the previously under-investigated areas regarding cloud computing adoption factors and processes. This paper calls for further theoretical, methodological, and empirical contributions to the research area of cloud computing adoption by enterprises.

In the era of globalization today, Green technology acceptance has become a crucial sector not just for the environment, but also for humans and towards the economy. In this paper, the researcher will do the overview of Green Technology Acceptance as overall, means in many areas such as green transportation, green chemistry, green buildings, green procurements and few more. So, for this purpose the researcher choose to use the Scopus database to review on the past published studies on green technology fields. For this purpose, the Qualitative review has been done by the systematic review through the PRISMA Framework (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis). There are around 46 papers that had been selected in finals for this systematic literature review analysis. After follow the PRISMA Model to filter out the paper that suitable for this study, researcher is using the Microsoft Excels to do the descriptive analysis on year base publication, journal base, most cited by, theory utilised and subject areas. Besides that, researcher also focus on the methodology classification that had been use in the past studies. There are three main classifications which is Quantitative, Qualitative and Mixed Methods. There are around 26 paper used quantitative analysis method, 17 papers utilised qualitative method and 3 papers using mixed method. Mostly all this past study not including the latest branches of Green Technology such as green economies, green building and many more. As overall, researcher successfully using the PRISMA model to identified the suitable paper that being used in this papers.

Here we report broad range, tunable and foldable paper-based passive components and filter circuits. Reported electronics fabricated through solvent-free garage fabrication techniques using inexpensive and off-the-shelf materials like graphite pencils, aluminum foil, copper tape, paper, and such Previously reported paper-based passive electronic circuits are single-valued and lack real-time tunability. Broad range passive components and tunable RC filter circuits fabricated through inexpensive, eco-friendly, and cleanroom-free fabrication techniques like hand drawing of graphite pencils on paper and garage fabrication techniques like cutting-pasting of readily available materials demonstrated expected functionalities with tunable cut-off frequencies. Cut-off frequencies of low and high pass filters are tunned from 15 to 190 kHz by penciling graphite flakes of different graphite content pencils. The paper-based passive electronic circuits showed robust performance against applied stress during bending and folding. To the best of our knowledge, no studies have been reported on tunable paper-based passive electronic circuits. These paper-based electronic components and circuits open pathways for green and foldable power electronics, flexible and foldable printed circuit boards and consumer electronics, touchpads, disposable security systems, soft robotics, and many more.

Background We use inkjet printing and film adhesion methods to economically develop paper-based electrowetting-on-dielectric (EWOD) mixing device. Because the periodic shrinking and stretching of droplet contact line induces surface capillary wave, the coalesced droplet on EWOD device vibrates to accelerate solute mixing on the merged spot. Methods An office inkjet printer fabricates pads of conducting silver nanoparticles to compose EWOD activation electrodes on a piece of glossy label paper, covered with one oil-coated dielectric film. Using the triggering relays of each pad, two droplets of thirty microliter individually loaded on the electrode ends are driven to coalesce. Alloy nanorod-catalyzed chemiluminescence assay can be performed on this mixing device. Findings When ac voltage of 100 Hz is applied on the electrode flakes, compared with solute transport efficiency in static condition, solute diffusivity is enhanced by 4 times using this mixing device. Linear relation (R2 = 0.99) between luminescence intensity acquired with smartphone camera and luminol concentration of aforementioned chemiluminescence assay is obtained, demonstrating reproducibility improvement for accurate determination.

In museum lighting, Chinese paper cultural relics are prone to cracking, embrittlement and other photochemical damage after absorbing the spectral energy of light sources. Owing to the different absorption and reflection characteristics of paper for different bands, optimizing the spectrum compositions of light sources can provide effective protection, the basis of which is to clarify the influence rule of spectra on the paper. However, the methods of color difference and Raman spectroscopy, which are widely used in the current research, cannot scientifically measure the lighting damage. In this study, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy was used as the evaluation method, and 10 kinds of narrow-band lights were used as the experimental light source to conduct a 1440 h irradiation experiment on the samples of the ancient Chinese Xuan paper. The oxidation index was calculated as the evaluation index based on the infrared spectra measured every 240 hours, and a mathematical model for the response rate of paper to spectrum and exposure was established. 610 spectra were obtained with the 10 kinds of narrow-band lights combined and superimposed. The color rendering indexes of the above spectra were calculated, and 9,477 spectra that meet the requirements of viewing indicators were obtained. By calculating the damage degree of the above spectra with the model, the optimal LED spectrum with the minimum damage which met the visual requirements was obtained. Then it was input into the 10-channel spectral simulation system for spectral restoration. Two kinds of lights commonly used in lighting for paper cultural relics were selected to conduct a comparative experiment. The results showed that the optimal LED spectrum reduced damage degree by 49.4% and 59.7% respectively compared with the two kinds of contrast light sources, and was beneficial to energy saving.

Activating flux is made up of inorganic material mixed with a volatile medium. The objective of this study is to identify and review the literature in activating flux, and different type of welding techniques. For that purpose, a structured review method is adopted and the Scopus database is used as a primary source for the selection of papers. The papers were identified using the string term of “Activating flux” OR “Activated flux” in the title of papers. And a total of 238 papers were identified for the study. Besides the above few other papers were also reviewed and the materials used, the type of flux used, and the findings of different combinations were highlighted in the form of tables. The findings of the study provide a comprehensive understanding of the different type of welding techniques focusing on TIG welding, and the different combination of flux used and their impact was summarized.

Cyber Forensics is termed as scientific methods or applications in association with the judiciary or court of laws. The aim behind these methods is to unveil the digital evidence to be utilized in court for solving crime cases. This sort of technology wasn’t practiced before therefore most criminals tend to urge away with their criminal acts without valid proof to incriminate or prosecute them. During that time the oaths, confessions, testimonies from witnesses were the sole determining factors of evidence Crimes committed within electronic or digital domains, particularly within cyberspace, have become common. Criminals are using technology to commit their offenses and make new challenges for law enforcement agents, attorneys, judges, military, and security professionals. Digital forensics has become a vital instrument in identifying and solving computer-based and computerassisted crime. This paper provides a quick introduction to cyber forensics. During this paper we present a typical model for both Incident Response and Computer Forensics processes which mixes their advantages in an exceedingly flexible way: It allows for a management oriented approach in digital investigations while retaining the chance of a rigorous forensics investigation. Keywords: cyber forensics, digital forensic science, computer forensics, evidence, judicial system.

Nana Obimpe, known in private life as Joseph Kwesi Yumpo Mbimadong (1908-2013) was an educator, politician, academic, advocate and traditional ruler. This paper seeks to present the life story of Nana Obimpe and how local, national and global politics made him establish his own archives. The paper argues that his collections are of historiographical essence and could be valuable additions to information from some of the state archives in Ghana.

Text summarization is one problem in natural language processing that generates a brief version of the original document. This research took attention for some researchers in this last decade and growing fast, including Indonesia language. This paper aims to recap summarization text research especially in Indonesia language. As usual, this paper discusses two summarization approaches, extractive and abstractive. In fact, the number of research of extractive is more than abstractive. This paper investigates some methods such as Statistical Based Approach, Graph Based Approach, Machine Learning Approach, Fuzzy Logic Approach, Algebraic Approach, and Hybrid Approach. This paper shows some methods details and summarize the results. Keywords— Text summarization, extractive summary, abstractive summary, natural language processing

Purpose This study aims to examine the colour changes affecting inkjet prints after the recycling of papers. Design/methodology/approach For recycling, papers prepared with the INGEDE 11p standard are recycled four times. Pulping, storage, flotation, beating and bleaching processes are applied for each recycling, respectively. Inkjet prints are made on the obtained test papers, and colour measurements are made using an X-Rite eXact spectrophotometer according to the ISO 13655:2017 standard. These processes are applied again to the papers which are recycled four times, and the results are analyzed. In addition, the values of ΔE00 ′, ΔL′, ΔH ′ and ΔC′ are calculated according to ISO 11664-6:2014 standard by making some calculations according to obtained the L′a′b′ values. Findings It is determined that the ΔE00 value increases after each recycling in cyan magenta and yellow colour, whereas it decreases in black. The highest ΔE00 value is calculated after the fourth recycling stage is yellow with a value of 8.33. The lowest ΔE00 value detected is black with a value of 0.76 after the fourth recycling stage. This paper observes that the colour with the most variation in hue angle among recycling repetitions is black and the colour with the highest hue angle value is yellow. It is seen that repeating recycling causes increase in the chromatic values of the prints. Originality/value After the fourth recycling stage, colour changes have reached an important point and can cause important printing problems. In this case, the customer’s approval must be obtained to continue printing. This case is valid for ΔE00 values. Colour differences for print contrast, trapping and print chroma values are either not very important or are positive for quality.

Purpose: Some universal accessibility practitioners have voiced that they experience a mismatch in the research focus and the need for knowledge within specialized problem domains. This study thus set out to identify the balance of research into the main areas of accessibility, the impact of this research, and how the research profile varies over time and across geographical regions. Method: All UAIS papers indexed in Scopus were analysed using bibliometric methods. The WCAG taxonomy of accessibility was used for the analysis, namely perceivable, operable, and understandable. Results: The results confirm the expectation that research into visual impairment has received more attention than papers addressing operable and understandable. Although papers focussing on understandable made up the smallest group, papers in this group attracted more citations. Funded research attracted fewer citations than research without funding. The breakdown of research efforts appears consistent over time and across different geographical regions. Researchers in Europe and North America have been active throughout the last two decades, while Southeast Asia, Latin America, and Middle East became active in during the last five years. There is also seemingly a growing trend of out-of-scope papers. Conclusions: Based on the findings, several recommendations are proposed to the UAIS editorial board.

In China, master's students in humanities and social sciences (HSS) are becoming the main target of Chinese-language predatory journals. Existing research has not paid enough attention to why these students publish papers in Chinese-language predatory journals. This research interviewed 30 HSS master's students with different majors using semi-structured interviews and Grounded Theory to analyze the data; it found that research discrimination, research context, self-awareness, and individual demand are the main reasons why students publish papers in Chinese-language predatory journals. This study provides the following suggestions in an effort to solve the problem of Chinese-language predatory journals. First, the Chinese government should draw up a blacklist of Chinese-language predatory journals. Second, the research evaluation departments of Chinese universities and research institutions should evaluate the research results of HSS master's students based on this list. Third, Chinese universities or scientific research institutions should strengthen the training of HSS master tutors and increase their awareness of Chinese-language predatory journals. And finally, Chinese HSS master's students should be taught about the hazards of Chinese-language predatory journals in research integrity and ethics courses, and refuse to publish papers in Chinese-language predatory journals.

Introduction. Drug checking services for harm reduction and overdose prevention have been implemented in many jurisdictions as a public health intervention in response to the opioid overdose crisis. This study demonstrates the first on-site use of paper spray mass spectrometry for quantitative drug checking to address the limitations of current on-site drug testing technologies. Methods. Paper spray mass spectrometry was used to provide on-site drug checking services at a supervised consumption site in the Downtown Eastside of Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada during a 2-day pilot test in August 2019. The method included the targeted quantitative measurement of 49 drugs and an untargeted full scan to assist in identifying unknown/unexpected components. Results. During the pilot, 113 samples were submitted for analysis, with 88 (78%) containing the client expected substance. Fentanyl was detected in 45 of 59 expected fentanyl samples, and in 50 (44%) samples overall at a median concentration of 3.6% (w/w%). The synthetic precursor of fentanyl, 4-anilino-N-phenethyl-piperidine (4-ANPP), was found in 74.0% of all fentanyl samples at a median concentration of 2.2%, suggesting widespread poor manufacturing practices. Etizolam was detected in 10 submitted samples anticipated to be fentanyl at a median concentration of 2.5%. No clients submitting these samples expected etizolam or a benzodiazepine in their sample. In three instances, it was co-measured with fentanyl, and in seven cases it was detected alone. Discussion and Conclusions. The quantitative capabilities and low detection limits demonstrated by paper spray mass spectrometry offer distinct benefits over existing on-site drug checking methods and harm reduction services. This work was supported by the Natural Science and Engineering Research Council of Canada Discovery Grant Program funding (RGPIN-2016-05380), Vancouver Island University and the Health Canada Drug Checking Technology Challenge. This article was originally published as: Borden, S.A., Saatchi, A., Vandergrift, G.W., Palaty, J., Lysyshyn, M., & Gill, C.G. (2021). A new quantitative drug checking technology for harm reduction: Pilot study in Vancouver, Canada using paper spray mass spectrometry. Drug and Alcohol Review, 1-8. https://doi.org/10.1111/dar.13370 This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License. https://viurrspace.ca/bitstream/handle/10613/24515/Gill2021.pdf?sequence=3