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Objective: There is a positive and significant relationship between severity and viral load in some viral diseases. Studies on the relationship between SARS-CoV-2 viral load at diagnosis and severity of coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) have yielded conflicting results. Therefore, we aimed to evaluate the relationship between viral load and the clinical status of patients with COVID-19. Methods: Data of the patients diagnosed with COVID-19 and admitted to our center between May 01 and June 31, 2020, were retrospectively reviewed. The patients were divided into two groups according to their clinical characteristics as mild-moderate and severe. The demographic, laboratory, clinical, and radiological data were retrieved from electronic folders. Results: The entire cohort included 285 patients; 254 had a mild-moderate clinical course, and 31 had a severe course. Statistical analyses revealed that SARS-CoV-2 viral load was not associated with symptom duration and clinical status (p>0.05). According to multivariate logistic regression analysis, only ferritin, C-reactive protein, and lactate dehydrogenase elevations were positively correlated with severe clinical course. (p<0.05). Conclusion: We do not recommend using viral load to predict disease severity in COVID-19. We also found that only ferritin, C-reactive protein, and lactate dehydrogenase accompanied severe clinical course. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: During the new coronavirus infectious disease (COVID-19) pandemic, healthcare workers are the occupational group most affected by SARS-CoV-2. Infection of healthcare workers with SARS-CoV-2 poses a potential risk of infection for other healthcare workers, patients and their families. The viral load measure in the sample is determined as the cycle threshold (Ct) with the RT-qPCR method. It has been reported that the RT-qPCR Ct value may be related to the severity and potential contagiousness of the infection. In this study, it was aimed to evaluate the relationships between sociodemographic factors, COVID-19 symptoms and Ct value in SARS-CoV-2 RT-qPCR positive healthcare workers. Methods: In this study, 300 healthcare workers with positive SARS-CoV-2 RT-qPCR test were included. SARSCoV- 2 RT-qPCR test was performed from nasopharyngeal and oropharyngeal swab samples with Bio-speedy SARS-CoV-2 RT-qPCR (Bioeksen, Turkey) kit. The RTqPCR Ct value results of healthcare staff patients were classified as low, medium and high, socio-demographic characteristics and the risk of viral spread was evaluated. Results: The rate of those who showed at least one symptom among the 300 health personnel included in the study was 88.3% (n=265) and the most common symptoms were muscle-joint pain 39.7%, fatigue 33% and sore throat 30.7%. The median RT-qPCR Ct value was determined as 23.17(19.3-29.4) and Ct value was found to be low (<24.0) in 59% of healthcare personnel. In addition, the Ct value of the personnel working in the administrative units was found to be lower than those working in the COVID-19 polyclinic, service and intensive care unit (p=0.020). Those who had fever and at least one of the COVID-19 symptom (fever, cough, respiratory distress) group had a lower Ct value than those who did not (p=0.008, p=0.019, respectively). When the possible source of transmission was evaluated, it was determined that 22% of the health personnel were infected during patient care, 21% from other health personnel and 23.3% from non-hospital sources. Conclusion: Our results have shown that most of the SARS-CoV-2 transmission seen in healthcare workers occurs within the hospital, but more viral load is exposed in out-of-hospital contacts. In addition, it has been observed that administrative personnel who do not have contact with patients can be a potential source of transmission. This situation has reaffirmed that Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) usage rules should be followed in order to reduce the risk of transmission in healthcare personnel and that personnel working outside the clinic should follow the mask and distance rules during their contact with their colleagues.It was determined that the Ct value was lower (higher viral load) in the presence of any of the symptoms of fever, cough, respiratory distress and fatigue in healthcare workers. In the presence of these symptoms, PCR testing of healthcare workers and taking necessary isolation measures until the test result is obtained will reduce the possibility of transmission. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: We aimed to determine the relationship between serum vitamin D levels and urinary calcium excretion in patients with D vitamin deficiency. Material-Method: 319 volunteers without any chronic disease of 30-50 years were included in this study. Demographic data and complete blood count, serum 25-OH vitamin D, parathyroid hormone (PTH), calcium, albumin, phosphorus, thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), magnesium, lipid profile (total cholesterol, triglyceride, LDL cholesterol, HDL cholesterol) alkalin phosphatase, creatinine and urinary calcium, creatinine levels were documented. Results: Of the 319 volunteers in our study; 265 were in the vitamin D deficiency group and 54 were in the control group (Vitamin D is in normal levels). Parathormone values were significantly higher in the vitamin D deficiency group than control group, while calcium values were found to be significantly lower. Calcium / creatinine ratio in the spot urine was 0.08±0.06 in the D deficiency group and 0.09±0.07 in the control group (p=0.197). No statistically significant difference was found between groups in terms of spot urine calcium/ creatinine ratio. Conclusions: Urinary calcium excretion was slightly decreased in patients with vitamin D deficiency, but there was no statistically significant difference in urinary calcium excretion between groups. Also there was no correlation between vitamin D levels and urinary calcium excretion. Our findings do not indicate enough evidence that calcium value in spot urine is a useful marker for detecting vitamin D deficiency. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Current Research in Dental Sciences is the property of Ataturk University Coordinatorship of Scientific Journals and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Cumhuriyet Ilahiyat Dergisi / Cumhuriyet Theology Journal is the property of Cumhuriyet Universitesi, Ilahiyat Fakultesi / Cumhuriyet University, Faculty of Theology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Klimik Journal / Klimik Dergisi is the property of DOC Design & Informatics Co. Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Pamukkale University Journal of Social Sciences Institute / Pamukkale Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi is the property of Pamukkale University, Social Sciences Institute and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

A review of the economic literature on export-led growth models shows that relevant studies mostly do not analyse the export structure. The economic complexity index (ECI), developed by Hausman and Hidalgo in 2011, claims to measure the uniqueness of a country's export products, in other words, the structure of the export products. In the study, to contribute to the literature about export-led growth, ECI is used in panel regression models with various macroeconomic variables for 101 countries over the period 1995-2020. To achieve homogeneous country groups, the double layered club convergence technique is used to form sub-clubs with similar characteristics. Empirical analyses are then applied separately for each sub-clubs and for the full panel. The contribution of the study to the literature is expected on three unique features: i) the analysis of a double-layer club convergence to ensure homogeneous distribution of countries, ii) the linear panel regression, and iii) panel threshold regression analyses which includes macroeconomic variables belonging to 101 countries and comparison of findings of panel regression estimations applied to all panel and clubs. The export-led growth hypothesis is supported in the analyses. About the effect of ECI on economic growth there are contradictory findings for clubs and no significant effect of ECI on growth is found for all panel. Panel threshold regression analysis of the full panel, however, reveales that ECI effects growth through leading to an increase in exports. The threshold value for ECI is determined to be 0.3949. Also, where ECI is higher than the threshold value, it is observed that as ECI increases, effect of exports on economic growth increases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Public Finance Studies / Maliye Çalismalari Dergisi is the property of Journal of Public Finance Studies / Maliye Calismalari Dergisi and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Klimik Journal / Klimik Dergisi is the property of DOC Design & Informatics Co. Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Civil aviation is an important type of transportation that connects millions of people, stimulates tourism, and accelerates commercial change, stimulating the economy and bringing cultures together. Especially the speed and the economic power it provides carries the air transportation to the top ranks compared to other types. With the rapid growth of the airline service sector, the issue of climate change attracts more attention due to its increasing negative effects on humans and the earth. Making the national and international air transport system more efficient in order to meet the future demand, the solution is also complex, as the reduction of noise and emissions will affect many stakeholders. Achieving the stated environmental targets of air transport depends on key criteria-based success factors and global efforts. The aim of the study is to investigate the effect of civil air transport on environmental quality. Whether the innovation activities aimed at reducing the climate change related to transportation change the relationship between civil air transportation and environmental quality was examined with the Panel Threshold Value Regression Model between 1979 and 2019 for selected developed European countries. For analysis in the study, carbon emissions per capita, total number of passengers traveling by air, patent applications for technologies that reduce transportation-related climate change, growth rate, primary energy consumption, ratio of imports and exports to GDP and the ratio of foreign direct investments to GDP variables are used. The results show that when technologies that reduce climate change in transportation pass a certain threshold value, the negative impact on the environmental quality of civil air transport disappears. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, it is aimed to produce meaningful words in accordance with character-based Turkish grammar rules by using encoder-decoder and attention architecture, which are deep learning algorithms. The results of the developed model are compared with the results of LSTM and GRU models, which are other deep learning algorithms. It is seen that the language models created with LSTM and GRU models give similar results at 100 and 200 epoch values and at different threshold values of the temperature sampling method. Among these models, the GRU model gives the highest success value with 88.40% at 200 epochs and 0.5 temperature threshold value. The encoder-decoder and attention language model developed for this study gives the highest success value of 91.90% at 100 and 200 epoch values and at different threshold values of the temperature sampling method at 200 epoch and 0.5 temperature threshold value. At the end of the experiments, the encoder-decoder and attention architecture model showed an average of 2.83% more success than the LSTM model and an average of 0.19% more success than the GRU model. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The automotive industry is a vast system with an extensive supply network and interconnected activities. Each stakeholder within this system is responsible for fulfilling their duties and obligations promptly and comprehensively. Consequently, by ensuring ultimate customer satisfaction, sustainable success can be achieved for all stakeholders. In this study, the causal relationship between risk factors that can impact supply chain performance and subsequently affect customer satisfaction in an automotive subcontracting company has been examined. Three different threshold values of Decision-Making Trial and Evaluation Laboratory (DEMATEL), Grey DEMATEL, and Fuzzy DEMATEL methods, which are Multi-Criteria Decision Making (MCDM) techniques, have been utilized. Threshold value analysis has been conducted, and the impact of grey and fuzzy numbers on dispatcher/receiver factor groups and criterion weights has been analyzed. According to DEMATEL, Grey DEMATEL, and Fuzzy DEMATEL, R4 - natural disasters belonged to the dispatcher group of factors. R1 - breakdown and R3 - global threats were categorized as dispatchers in both DEMATEL and Grey DEMATEL for each threshold value, while in Fuzzy DEMATEL, they were categorized as receivers in one threshold value. R2 - quality, R5 - operator shortage, R6 - shortage of sub-components, and R7 - machine inefficiency were consistently placed in the receiver groups across all analyses. In terms of factor weights, R7 ranked first and R1 last in all three methods. The top three factors remained consistent across the methods and were identified as R7, R2, and R6. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Polytechnic is the property of Journal of Polytechnic and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Afyon Kocatepe University Journal of Social Sciences / Afyon Kocatepe Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi is the property of Afyon Kocatepe University (AKU) Sosyal Bilimler Enstitusu and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Veterinary Sciences & Practices is the property of Ataturk University Coordinatorship of Scientific Journals and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Duzce University Journal of Science & Technology is the property of Duzce University Journal of Science & Technology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Harran University Medical Faculty / Harran Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Dergisi is the property of Harran University Medical Faculty and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Language, Speech & Swallowing Research / Dil, Konuşma ve Yutma Araştırmaları Dergisi (DKYAD) is the property of Journal of Language, Speech & Swallowing Research / Dil, Konusma ve Yutma Arastirmalari Dergisi and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Jinekoloji-Obstetrik & Neonatoloji Tip Dergisi is the property of T.C. Saglik Bakanligi Ankara Sehir Hastanesi and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Praxis of Otorhinolaryngology / Kulak Burun Boğaz Uygulamaları is the property of Official Journal of ENT-HNS Society of Istanbul and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Midwifery & Health Sciences is the property of Ataturk University Coordinatorship of Scientific Journals and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Hacettepe University Journal of Economics & Administrative Sciences / Hacettepe Üniversitesi Iktisadi ve Idari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi is the property of Hacettepe University, Faculty of Economic & Administrative Sciences and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Anesthesia / Anestezi Dergisi (JARSS) is the property of Logos Medical Publishing and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Consistency indexes are used to determine the consistency of pairwise comparison evaluations used in decision-making methods, especially the Analytical Hierarchical Process (AHP). Consistency ratios are used as an important tool for decision makers in deciding the consistency of pairwise comparisons by defining threshold values for consistency indices. Among the 14 consistency calculation methods defined by the literature review, the threshold value is defined as 0,1 only in Saaty's consistency ratio (CR) and for Crawford and Williams's geometric consistency ratio (GCR). In this study, random indices are calculated for Takeda and Golden-Wang consistency methods and consistency ratios similar to CR and GCR methods are defined based on these random indexes. The threshold value is set as 0.1 for these consistency ratios, which are compatible with Saaty's CR values. GWCR and MCCR consistency ratio calculation formulas are developed for Golden -Wang (GW) and Takeda (MC) consistency methods, respectively. Correlation and compatible rates are measured between the GWCR and MCCR consistency rates and the CR consistency values. The validity of the Golden-Wang and Takeda consistency ratio equations, which show high agreement and correlation with CR, is demonstrated. Thus, decision makers who use Golden -Wang and Takeda consistency methods in the consistency values of pairwise comparison matrices (HRC) are able to make a more accurate and faster evaluation at the 0.1 consistency threshold. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Mülkiye Dergisi is the property of Mulkiye Dergisi and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Ege Journal of Medicine is the property of Ege University, Faculty of Medicine and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Osmangazi Journal of Medicine / Osmangazi Tip Dergisi is the property of Eskisehir Osmangazi University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Turkiye Klinikleri Journal of Dental Sciences is the property of Turkiye Klinikleri and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Anadolu (1300-0225) is the property of Anadolu Dergisi and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Alinteri Journal of Agriculture Sciences is the property of Ataturk University, Faculty of Agriculture and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Bilecik Seyh Edebali University Journal of Science / Bilecik Şeyh Edebali Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi is the property of Bilecik Seyh Edebali University Journal of Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Anesthesia / Anestezi Dergisi (JARSS) is the property of Logos Medical Publishing and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The neoclassical view, which has been re-marketed to the world economy with the motto "there is no other alternative" especially since the 1980s, has changed the socio-economic structure ofmany countries, causing the acceleration of the urban population, the deterioration of the quality of the economic growth process, and thus environmental destruction. In this context, the main purpose of the study is to investigate the effects of the urbanization process on carbon emissions by using the panel dynamic threshold model for the BRICS-T countries for the period 1990-2014. The analysis findings showing the existence of long-term relationships between the variables reflect that there are unidirectional causality relationships from urbanization and energy consumption to carbon emissions, and bidirectional causality relationships between economic growth and carbon emissions. The dynamic panel threshold model, which highlights the model predictions, reveals that the increase in the urban population increases carbon emissions until the urbanization threshold value is reached in both the short- and long-term, and after the threshold value is exceeded, the urban population growth accelerates the carbon emission much more. In this context, the results of the analysis show that the long-term effects are more dominant than the short-term effects. Therefore, the findings suggest that the level of urbanization causes environmental destruction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Duzce University Journal of Science & Technology is the property of Duzce University Journal of Science & Technology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Finance Letters / Maliye Finans Yazıları Dergisi is the property of Maliye Finans Yazilari Yayimcilik Ltd. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Natural Hazards & Environment (JNHE) / Doğal Afetler ve Çevre Dergisi (DACD) is the property of Artvin Coruh University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Heat stress is one of the most important problems that cause loss of productivity in farm animals worldwide. The most widely used parameter to determine temperature stress is the temperature-humidity index value. This study was conducted to determine the suitability of temperature humidity index (THI) values of Bozdoğan district of Aydın province for dairy cattle breeding. The average temperature and humidity data from the Meteorological Directorate between 2013 and 2021 were used as material. Using this data, Temperature-Humidity Index (THI) values were calculated. In the study, it was found that the temperature humidity index values exceeded the threshold value in June, July, August and September. Suggestions have been tried to put forward for these months for care, feeding and other conditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Turkiye Klinikleri Journal of Dental Sciences is the property of Turkiye Klinikleri and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Agriculture & Nature / Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam Üniversitesi Tarım & Doğa Dergisi is the property of Kahramanmaras Sutcu Imam Universitesi and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)