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Objective: This study aimed to investigate the impact of drugs used in the treatment of diabetic neuropathy on the frequency of hospitalization, need for debridement and amputation. Methods: One hundred forty-four patients who received inpatient treatment for diabetic foot infection between 2017 and 2020 were analyzed retrospectively through patient files. Patients without diabetic neuropathy were defined as Group 0, those with diabetic neuropathy who used drugs for diabetic neuropathy as Group 1, and those who did not use drugs for diabetic neuropathy were defined as Group 2. The groups were compared in terms of age, height, weight, gender, comorbidities, time elapsed after diabetes mellitus diagnosis and diabetic neuropathy, quantity of diabetic foot attacks, hospitalizations due to diabetic foot infection, need and quantity of debridement and amputation. Results: The time since diagnosis of diabetes mellitus, the rate of insulin use, and hospitalizations due to diabetic foot infection were higher in patients with diabetic neuropathy compared with patients without neuropathy (p=0.01, p=0.02, p=0.024). The difference between Groups 1 and 2 in terms of diabetic foot infection attacks, hospitalizations and debridement needs was statistically significant (p=0.039, p=0.02, p=0.06). When comparing whether or not debridement or amputation was required due to diabetic foot infection and the number of amputations, there was no statistically significant difference between the groups. Conclusions: The results of our study suggest that although the use of medications effective for neuropathic pain does not significantly affect amputation due to diabetic foot, it has a protective effect on the number of diabetic foot attacks, the number of hospitalizations due to diabetic foot, and the number of debridement needs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Istanbul Gelisim University Journal of Health Sciences / İstanbul Gelişim Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi is the property of Istanbul Gelisim Universitesi Saglik Bilimleri Yuksekokulu and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Objective: We aimed to compare the demographic and clinical characteristics, perceptions of disease, stigma, social support levels and psychosocial adaptations of patients with COVID-19 and patients with chronic infections (TB, hepatitis, HIV) who were followed as inpatients. Methods: The cross-sectional and descriptive study was conducted with 100 patients receiving inpatient treatment between January 2021 and January 2022. Criteria for selecting patients were being able to understand and speak Turkish, being at least literate, having TB, hepatitis, HIV or severe COVID-19 disease, and being an adult (over 18 years old). Data were collected using a personal information form, "Psychosocial Adjustment to Illness Scale-Self-Report", "Revised Illness Perception Questionnaire", and "Multidimensional Perceived Social Support Scale". Results: We determined that there was a significant difference in terms of demographic characteristics (age, education, marital and employment status) and hospitalization duration of individuals with COVID-19 and chronic infections (TB, hepatitis, HIV) who received inpatient treatment. There was also a significant difference in personal and treatment control, illness coherence, emotional representation dimensions, and attributions towards possible causes of the disease, as well as feelings of stigma, social support perceptions, and psychosocial adaptation. Conclusion: This study not only underscores the need for a biopsychosocial approach to individuals with contagious infectious diseases but also provides practical insights for healthcare professionals. Addressing the patients' perception of their illness early on can significantly improve patient beliefs, leading to more effective patient-centered treatment outcomes. Moreover, supporting individuals with infectious diseases in biopsychosocial management can play a crucial role in reducing psychological morbidity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Zoonotic diseases are defined as diseases transmitted from animals to humans. These diseases are caused by bacterial, viral, fungal, and parasitic agents and generally are transmitted from vertebrate animals to humans. It is reported that more than half of the diseases seen in humans today are zoonotic infections. Therefore these diseases cause a large number of human lives to be lost and large economic losses. Among the zoonotic diseases, those originating from fish and shellfish are considered to be an important public health problem in both developed and developing countries around the world, as they put a large number of people at risk. The demand for seafood has started to increase due to the fact that red meat consumption is associated with potential disease conditions such as cancer and cardiovascular diseases, and the increase in the world population. As a result of these situations, the aquaculture sector has grown continuously in both production and consumption. However, especially in recent years, the steady increase in global consumption of fishery products, including foods containing raw or undercooked fish, causes an increase in the risks of parasitic zoonotic diseases originating from fisheries among these zoonoses. To date, many species of parasites have been reported in humans, including aquaculture associated with protozoon, trematoda, nematode and cestode. Due to global climate change, the species diversity is expected to increase even more. It has also been determined that among these parasites, Giardia, Toxoplasma, Clinostomum and Anisakis have a global distribution. Since the importance of parasitic diseases in terms of public health is underestimated compared to other disease agents, the knowledge about biology of the parasitic zoonoses agents originating from fisheries, their transmission routes, the diseases they cause and how they can be controlled is insufficient. This review aims to provide a general overview of parasitic fish zoonoses. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, bacterial, parasitic, and fungal analyses were carried out on 15 individuals showing disease symptoms in crayfish (Pontastacus leptodactylus). Samples were collected from internal organs for pathological examinations. As a result of the pathological examinations, no parasitic and fungal pathogens agents were found. Samplings were gathered from the hepatopancreas and streaked onto tryptic soy agar (TSA) 96 and consequently, a pure bacterial colony was obtained. As a result of the bacterial tests, the bacteria were determined to be Aeromonas sp. genus. Narrow-clawed crayfish showed 100% mortality within 21 days of disease outbreak. Histopathologically, significant changes were observed in hepatopancreas and intestinal tissues. In hepatopancreatic tissue, prominent pathological findings characterized by prominent vacuolization in the epithelium, irregular tubules, proliferation of epithelial cells, nuclear pycnosis, and inflammatory cell infiltrations were detected. The findings of this study demonstrated that Aeromonas sp. caused important pathological findings in narrow-clawed crayfish. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Mersin University School of Medicine Lokman Hekim Journal of History of Medicine & Folk Medicine is the property of Mersin University School of Medicine and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Objective: The study aimed to evaluate the clinical effects of levofloxacin (LEVO) and moxifloxacin (MOXI) prophylaxis during the treatment of acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Methods: This study had a prospective observational design and included AML patients who were scheduled for standard remission-induction (RI) or consolidation (C) chemotherapy. Prophylactic LEVO or MOXI was started at a ratio of 1:1 when neutropenia developed, and two groups were created. The primary endpoint was the frequency of febrile neutropenia (FN) and the time to FN. Results: 120 patients (60 patients in each group) were enrolled in the study. The frequency of FN tended to be higher in the LEVO group but was statistically insignificant (82.1% vs. 75.5%; p=0.702). The time to FN was 10.8±5.7 days and 10.1±5.7 days in the LEVO and MOXI groups, respectively (p=0.393). Microorganisms were izolated in 50.8% of patients who developed FN. The documented infection and bacteremia rate tended to be higher in the MOXI group (71.1% vs. 56.6%; p=0.331 and 87.5% vs. 80.5%; p=0.906). The rates of quinolone resistance were 69.2% and 75% in the LEVO and MOXI groups, respectively (p=0.451). The frequency of FN was higher during the RI phase than the C phase (89.1% vs. 70%; p=0.010). The frequency of documented infection was higher during the C phase than during the RI phase (77.1% vs. 49.1%; p=0.008). Conclusion: This study showed that prophylactic MOXI and LEVO have similar efficacy in AML patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Nontuberculous Mycobacteria (NTM) are aquatic and geophilic environmental organisms that typically affect immunocompromised patients, with the majority of clinical cases being pulmonary infections caused by more than 150 species. The most commonly isolated and clinically significant species among them are Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC), Mycobacterium abscessu, Mycobacterium ulcerans, Mycobacterium kansasii, Mycobacterium fortuitum, Mycobacterium chelonae, Mycobacterium malmoense, Mycobacterium xenopi, and Mycobacterium marinum. The incidence and prevalence of pulmonary infections have increased worldwide. Pulmonary NTM disease typically affects the elderly population with chronic lung disease, but genetic predisposition and environmental exposures also play a role in acquiring the disease. Patients must meet all clinical, microbiological and radiological diagnostic criteria for a diagnosis of pulmonary NTM disease. Advances in molecular methods have enabled the detection of new species and the identification of NTM at the species and subspecies level. These microorganisms, which are difficult to diagnose and treat, have high recurrence rates. Although exposure to NTM is inevitable, the rarity of the infection is mainly due to the host immune response. Research on the pathogenesis and host immune response in NTM infections has gained momentum in recent years. NTM associated diseases, which are becoming a public health problem today, have been overshadowed by tuberculosis, which is considered an ongoing pandemic, and have not received sufficient attention. The aim of this review is to provide an overview of the epidemiology, diagnostic criteria, microbiological diagnostic methods, treatment of NTM infections, and particularly a general view of the host's natural immune response to NTM. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Measles is a highly contagious acute infection caused by the Rubeola virus, often seen in childhood. The disease is characterized by fever and maculo-papular rash. The measles virus has no reservoir other than humans, and its only natural host is humans. The most contagious of vaccine-preventable diseases is measles. Airborne transmission is one of the important factors that increases its contagiousness. A measles elimination program has been implemented in our country since 2002. In this program, it is aimed to stop the domestic virus circulation in Turkey by the end of 2010, to prevent new measles viruses coming from outside after 2010 to settle in Turkey and to prevent measles-related deaths. Measles is a notifiable disease and the most effective way to protect it is vaccination. Although individual vaccination is very important in protecting against the disease, the population immunity level must be 95% or above in order to stop the virus circulation of the disease and prevent it from causing an epidemic. The increasing number of measles cases in Turkey day by day suggests that the measles seropositivity level in adults, especially young adults, may be low. Many studies in the literature on measles seroprevalence prove this idea. This low seroprevalence in adults should not be perceived as an adult health problem. This should be seen as the ongoing Expanded Immunization Program problem or as an extension of childhood vaccination problems, and practices should be reviewed accordingly. It suggests that there may be many problems, from registration errors and registration problems to system errors. Until current problems are corrected, monitoring seroprevalence at the population level will be a crucial step to evaluate ongoing measles vaccination programs. Primary health care services have important duties in preventing the occurrence of epidemics. It suggests that administering an extra dose of measles vaccine using the catch-up vaccination method to people aged 18-30 should be re-evaluated. If there are areas where the vaccination rate is below 95% after the catch-up vaccination, people should be vaccinated against measles by going door to door with the Mop-up vaccination method. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Van Health Sciences Journal / Van Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi is the property of Van Yuzuncu Yil University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of ANKEM Antibiyotik & Kemoterapi Dergisi is the property of ANKEM Antibiyotik & Kemoterapi Dergisi and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Current Retina Journal / Güncel Retina Dergisi is the property of Anadolu Kitabevi Basim Yayim Medikal Turizm Kirtasiye Tic. Ltd. Sti. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Mersin Üniversitesi sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi is the property of Mersin University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Aim: Although brucellosis is a contagious infectious disease, it shows symptoms similar to other types of infections. Since brucellosis is an infectious disease, acute phase reactants such as C-reactive protein (CRP) and ferritin increase their values. In our study, it was aimed to determine the clinical importance of Vitamin D, Ferritin, Folic Acid, Alanine aminotransferase (ALT), Aspartate aminotransferase (AST), Gamma Glutamyl Transferase (GGT) levels in patients diagnosed with Brucellosis. Methods: The study included 50 patients (case group) who applied to the Dicle University Hospitals Infection Diseases clinic and polyclinic and were diagnosed with Brucellosis, and 25 healthy individuals older than 18 years of age and similar in gender (control group). Titers of 1/320 and above in the Brucella Coombs Test (BCT) method were considered Brucellosis positive. Roche Cobas E 601 device (Roche Diagnostics, USA); CRP, ALT, AST and GGT levels were studied by spectrophotometric method with Beckman Coulter DxC 700 AU (Beckman Coulter, USA) device. Before the study, Dicle University Faculty of Medicine Non-Invasive Clinical Research Ethics Committee Permission was obtained. Results: Brucellosis of the patients, 26 (52%) were female and 24 (48%) were male; The control group consisted of 12 (48%) females and 13 (52%) males. Samples with agglutination were considered positive, and those without agglutination were considered negative. Vitamin D levels in the control group were found to be significantly lower than the patient group (p:0.007). Although HGB, PLT and Folic acid values were lower in the patient group than in the control group, although the ferritin level was higher, there was no significant difference between the two groups. Conclusion: As a result of this study, when the patient and control groups were compared, only the vitamin D level was found to be significantly higher in the patient group. CRP and ferritin, which are inflammation markers, were found to be high in the patient group. These results suggest that vitamin D may play a role in the diagnostic parameter in the pathogenesis of brucellosis. We think that this and similar studies that we have done will contribute to the acquisition of regional epidemiological data. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Mistletoes is an important biotic pest that needs to be studied in terms of its wide distribution in forest areas, its potential damage and predictability of adverse effects of climate change. In this study, the incidence and infection status of white mistletoe (Viscum album ssp. abietis (Wiesb.) Abromeit.) in fir trees were investigated. The study was conducted in pure Kazdağı fir (Abies nordmanniana subsp. equi-trojani (Asch. & Sint. ex Boiss.) Coode & Cullen) forests spread within the borders of Bolu Forest Regional Directorate, Aladağlar Forest District Directorate, Kökez Forest State Enterprise. In the study, firstly, the incidence of mistletoe in fir trees was determined in 159 circular experimental plots determined with systematically. The incidence and infection status of mistletoe in tree crown structure were also observed and evaluated for mistletoe detected trees. “The Six-Class Dwarf Mistletoe Rating System” was taken into account in determining the incidence and infection status of white mistletoe and the degree of mistletoe infection. According to the study results, it was determined that mistletoe was found at the highest rates in forest areas below 1100 m altitude on the basis of sampling plots and tree level. Also, it was found that the incidence of mistletoe increased with the aid of the increase by diameter classes. The average mistletoe incidence rate for total of 4696 measured fir trees was found to be 22.64%. Also, the average mistletoe infection rate was found to be 2,42 as moderate level for 1063 infected fir trees. Mistletoe infection in three different crown parts of the tree was the lowest for the lower crown part and the highest for the upper crown part. The incidence of mistletoe in tree crowns showed significant differences in terms of diameter classes (𝜒2 = 1171.631, df = 3, p = 0.000). It was determined that the degree of mistletoe infection increased with increasing diameter values, and it was highest for trees located at low elevations and southern aspects. The decrease in the presence of mistletoe on trees due to the increase with altitude (𝜒2 = 83.570, sd=2, p= 0.000) was similarly found to be a negative relationship between the mean mistletoe infection degree and altitude (r = -0.416; p

Copyright of Turk Psikiyatri Dergisi is the property of Turk Psikiyatri Dergisi and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Sağlıklı bir yenidoğanın doğum sonrasında temel bakım gereksinimlerinin karşılanması önemlidir. Bu bakım gereksinimlerinden biri yenidoğanın hijyenik bakımıdır. Literatürde ebeveynlerin doğum sonrası yenidoğanın hijyenik bakımına yönelik bilgi eksikliğinin olduğu ve yanlış uygulamalar yapılabildiği görülmektedir. Bu derleme güncel literatür doğrultusunda doğum sonrası sağlıklı yenidoğanın temel hijyenik bakım gereksinimleri konusunda ebeveynlere ve sağlık çalışanlarına yol göstermek amacıyla hazırlanmıştır.

Objectives:Microbial keratitis can cause significant visual morbidity and is a common reason for presentation to eye casualty clinics. Contact lens wear and poor contact lens hygiene significantly increase the risk of corneal infection. This study aimed to determine the level of contact lens hygiene awareness amongst contact lens wearers attending our service and determining whether contact lens type and hygiene attitude are related to severity of disease.Materials and Methods:This prospective questionnaire-based study included 50 consecutive patients attending the eye casualty clinic of a tertiary referral center. Visual acuity was assessed at presentation and 2 weeks after diagnosis. Patients were divided into subgroups according to contact lens type (monthly, bi-weekly, daily, and extended day and night wear) and risk group (low, medium, and high) depending on their contact lens hygiene practices.Results:Thirty-four women and 16 men were included in this study. Twenty-four patients used monthly disposable contact lenses, 16 used daily disposable contact lenses, 6 were using bi-weekly replacement lenses, and 4 patients were using extended wear (day and night) contact lenses. Twenty-five patients were diagnosed with corneal ulcer, 23 of which had some degree of poor contact lens hygiene. Best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) significantly improved after treatment. Mean BCVA was 0.24 LogMAR before treatment and 0.09 LogMAR after treatment (p

The consensus report on the management of chronic hepatitis B (CHB) was first published in 2014 by the Viral Hepatitis Study Group of the Turkish Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases. The need for updating has arisen due to reestablished stages of the infection course, changes in treatment indications, new biomarkers used in diagnosis and follow-up, and new biomarkers that are not yet in daily use. Therefore, we prepared a new consensus report by reviewing the current literature and international evidence-based guidelines. We hope the updated consensus report will be a valuable resource for CHB, which is still an essential problem in our country. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Uludag University Medical Faculty / Uludağ Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Dergisi is the property of Journal of Uludag University Medical Faculty and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Objective: Parvovirus B19 can cause conditions such as Erythema Infectiosum in children, transient aplastic crises in individuals with chronic hemolytic anemia, permanent anemia in immunosuppressed patients, and hydrops fetalis in pregnant women. Joint complaints may be seen in patients due to primary infection or as a complication of Erythema Infectiosum. The incidence of joint complaints in individuals infected with Parvovirus B19 may vary depending on age. While 8% of infected children have joint complaints; this percentage may increase to 60-80% in adults. On the other hand, it has been reported that information on the prevalence of joint complaints due to viral causes such as Parvovirus B19 is limited and epidemiological data may show regional differences. In our study, it was aimed to investigate the presence of Parvovirus B19 IgG and IgM antibodies in patients admitted to our hospital and to determine the percentages of Parvovirus B19 seropositivity in the patient group with joint complaints. Methods: In the study, Parvovirus B19 IgG and IgM test results obtained from serum samples sent to the Medical Microbiology Laboratory between 2010-2019 were retrospectively analyzed. Results: A total of 679 patients with joint complaints, including 437 women (64.4%) and 242 men (35.6%), were included in this study. Parvovirus B19 IgG test result was positive in 364 (53.6%) of these patients. Parvovirus B19 IgG seropositivity percentage was found to be higher in patients with joint complaints (53.6%) than in patients without joint complaints (38.4%) (p<0.0001). Parvovirus B19 IgG seropositivity percentage was 32.1% in children with joint complaints and 62.3% in adults (p<0.0001). In addition, this percentage was found to be higher in women (58.1%) with joint complaints compared to men (45.5%) (p=0.002). On the other hand, the Parvovirus B19 IgM seropositivity percentage was determined as 3.2% for these patients. This percentage was 1% in children and 4.1% in adults. Conclusion: In particular, the possibility of a primary infection or complication due to Parvovirus B19 should be kept in mind for adult patients with joint complaints. We think that the results of the serological test (IgG-IgM) for Parvovirus B19 in this patient group will contribute to the differential diagnosis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Izmir Katip Celebi University Faculty of Health Sciences Journal / İzmir Katip Çelebi Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Fakültesi Dergisi is the property of Izmir Katip Celebi University, Faculty of Health Sciene Journal and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Türk Radyoloji Seminerleri is the property of Galenos Yayinevi Tic. LTD. STI and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

High morbidity and mortality rate associated with pneumococcal infection globally is of major concern most especially among infant. This burden is equally worsened by multidrug resistance strains due to indiscriminate consumption of antibiotics. Hence, need for constant search for cheap and effective bioactive compounds as alternative antimicrobials for the treatment of pneumococcal infection. Bioactive compound profiling and in-vitro antibacterial activity of ginger methanol extract against two predominant pneumococcal agents; Streptococcus pneumonia and Haemophilus influenza were investigated. Gas Chromatography Mass Spectroscopy (GC-MS) was used for the identification and quantification of bioactive compounds in the ginger methanol extract. The antibacterial activity and Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) of the extract was determined using Agar well diffusion. Twenty-seven (27) matched bioactive compounds were detected in the sample. Zingerone (17.70%), α-zingiberene (13.30%), (6)-shogaol (10.84%), α-Farnesene (6.26%), β-Funebrene (5.61%), 6-gingerol (5.18%), α-curcumene (4.15%) were the major compounds present. All other identified compounds had less than 4% composition by peak area each. The antibacterial activity of the ginger crude methanol extract against S. pneumonia and H. influenza were 2.33 mm and 9.33 mm. MIC of the extract against the isolates was 10%. In conclusion ginger crude methanol extract contain an array of bioactive compounds and the extract exhibited antibacterial activity against predominant pneumococcal agents. Ginger extract can be harnessed for the production of new antimicrobials to combat pneumococcal infection.

Objective:Catheter-associated urinary tract infections (CAUTI) are among the most common hospital-acquired infections. This manuscript’s goal is to focus on the change in CAUTI rates according to years, and the effect of education.Materials and Methods:In this study, conducted between 2016 and 2018, surveillance data of patients followed in the anesthesia/reanimation intensive care unit (ICU) and the internal medicine ICU were used. During the data analysis period, 3,399 patients in the anesthesia/reanimation ICU and 1,207 patients in the internal medicine ICU were followed up. The effects of physical changes and training in clinics on the CAUTI ratio were investigated.Results:As a result of the changes made in internal medicine and anesthesia/reanimation ICUs between 2016 and 2018, it was observed that there was a significant decrease in CAUTI rates. While in both units in 2016, the CAUTI rate was above the Turkey average, in 2018, as a result of the changes made, it was observed that the CAUTI rate fell below the Turkey average.Conclusion: Patient mindfulness, bacterial strain, education of staff, regular visits, and cooperation between the infection control committee and ICU team are important to prevent infections caused by the use of invasive tools in ICUs.

Öz Amaç Çocukları ateşlendiğinde ailelerin neler hissettikleri, ailelerin ateşle ilgili bilgi düzeyleri ve ateşi düşürmek için izledikleri yöntemlerin araştırılması. Gereç ve yöntemler Mart-Nisan 2022 tarihleri arasında çocuklarını herhangi bir şikayetle hastanemiz acil servisine getiren ebeveynlere yüz yüze görüşme yöntemi ile 27 sorudan oluşan anket uygulandı. Bulgular Toplam 221 ebeveyn ile görüşüldü. Aileler en sık (%34,8) 38 0C ve üstünü ateş olarak kabul ediyordu. Ebeveynlerin 207’si (%93,7) ateş derecesinin hastalığın ciddiyeti ile ilişkili olduğunu düşünüyordu. Ailelerin 196’sında (%88,7) çocuğu ateşlendiğinde korkma, 199’unda (%90) çocuğu için ateşin zararlı olduğunu inanma ve 164’ünde (%74,2) ateşe bağlı havale geçireceği inancı vardı. Çocukları ateşlendiğinde 173’ü (%78,3) bir saatten önce tekrar ateş ölçtüğünü belirtti. Ailelerin 108’i (%48,9) 4 saat arayla, 109’u da (%49,3) dönüşümlü ateş düşürücü ilaç verdiğini ifade etti. Ebeveynlerin 172’si (%77,8) ateş düşürücü ilaç vermek için çocuğunu gece uyandırdığını ve 157’si (%71) çocuğuyla gece aynı odada kalıp sık ateş takibi yaptığını belirtti. Ailelerin 27’si (%12,2) çocuğu her ateşlendiğinde antibiyotik kullanıyor, 13’ü de (%5,9) evde açılmamış antibiyotik bulunduruyordu. Ailelerin 187’si (%84,6) ateş düşürücü uygulamaları doktorlardan öğrendiğini ifade etti. Lisans eğitim grubunda ateşin enfeksiyona bağlı olduğunu düşünme oranı, ateş düşürücü bilgileri kitaptan ve akademik yayınlardan öğrenme oranı temel eğitim grubuna göre istatistiksel olarak yüksekti (sırasıyla, p:0,019, p:0,010, p:0,005). Sonuç Ebeveynlerin ateş ile ilgili bilgi düzeyleri ve olumlu düşünceleri zamanla daha iyi bir düzeye gelmiş olsa da yine de bu konu ile ilgili doğru kaynaklardan toplumun bilgi düzeyinin arttırılması gerektiğini düşünmekteyiz.

Purpose: Infected episiotomy (IE) is a rare complication of vaginal delivery. However, the practical use of the risk factors involved in the development of IE is unclear. The aim of this study is to create a risk scoring model to be applied in clinical practice with the risk factors we will determine so as to predict the development of IE. Materials and Methods: All women who were delivered vaginally with mediolateral episiotomy within a 1-year period were included in this retrospective study. While 42 women (cases) with the diagnosis of IE were eligible for inclusion in the study and formed the case group, randomly selected 168 women in whom IE was not detected formed the control group. Possible risk factors for the development of IE were evaluated by multivariate regression analysis. Results: The analysis revealed 5 significant independent factors related to IE. Among these factors, 5 points were given to current smoking presence, 4 points to weight gain during pregnancy ≥11.5 kg, 3 points to postpartum neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio ≥10.4, 2 points to presence of diabetes mellitus, and 1 point to presence of hospitalization before active phase of labor. And a cut-off value of 5.5 was found to be moderately effective in predicting IE. Conclusion: Consequently, this five-variable model can predict the presence of IE with significant efficiency. In the presence of these variables, the clinician can identificate the patients at risk of IE. In this way, individualized patient risk assessment and situation-specific counseling can be made.

Copyright of University of Health Sciences Journal of Nursing is the property of Saglik Bilimleri Universitesi and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Aim: This study aimed to examine the clinical features of COVID-19 infection, maternal and fetal side effects related to infection and share experiences of our clinic in this context. Material and MethodsA total of 63 pregnant women diagnosed with COVID-19 were identified in a tertiary hospital between September-May 2021. Disease-related symptoms, laboratory parameters, maternal and fetal side effects were examined. Results: No statistically significant difference in age, BMI, and gestational week was detected between the groups receiving and not receiving antiviral therapy among 63 pregnant patients who were positive for COVID-19. Fever (41.2%) was the most common patients' complaint at admission. Conclusion: The COVID-19 disease has caused a pandemic that has affected the world since December 2019. There are limited data on maternal and fetal effects in pregnancy. The increased susceptibility to respiratory tract diseases during pregnancy makes this patient group more vulnerable to the devastating effects of disease agents. In this respect, COVID-19 infection during pregnancy necessitates the closer follow-up and faster control of the disease. We obtained findings consistent with the literature in terms of symptoms, laboratory values, and obstetric prognoses of pregnant women with COVID-19 infection that we followed up in our clinic, a tertiary center.

Purpose:In our study, it was aimed to determine whether the disinfectant efficacy of 2% glutaraldehyde solution changes with the aging of the solution. Methods: In our study, metal obtained from k-wire, plastic obtained from serum sets, and glass balls were used to imitate metal, plastic, and glass materials found in surgical instruments. 20 of each material were contaminated with Klebsiella pneumoniae (K. pneumoniae), Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus),Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa), Escherichia coli (E. coli), and Yeast on the 1st, 14th, and 28th days of the solution. 10 of them were thrown into 2% glutaraldehyde solution in different glasses and kept in the solution for 15 minutes. Subsequently, materials were taken from the glasses using separate sterile forceps for each piece. The other 10 were washed with physiological saline solution for 1 minute. After the procedures, they were sent to the microbiology laboratory without waiting and inoculated on routine media, and Gram staining was performed simultaneously. The identification of strains was carried out by conventional methods. Results: No growth was detected on the 1st, 14th, and 28th days in all metal, plastic, and glass materials disinfected with 2% alkaline glutaraldehyde solution. In the control groups, growth rates were 53.3%, 50%, and 63.3%, respectively. Conclusions: If the guidelines and manufacturer's recommendations are followed in the preparation and use of 2% alkaline glutaraldehyde solution, it provides an effective disinfection without being affected by the aging of the solution.

Copyright of Fenerbahce University Journal of Health Sciences (FBU-JOSH) / Fenerbahçe Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi is the property of Fenerbahce University Journal of Health Sciences (FBU-JOSH) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Objective: We aimed to evaluate the spread of COVID-19 among healthcare workers diagnosed with COVID-19 at the beginning of the COVID-19 epidemic and to draw attention to the importance of the correct and effective use of personal protective equipment. Methods: This is a descriptive, cross-sectional, retrospective study. The research universe consisted of healthcare workers and administrative and technical personnel working at a university hospital who were diagnosed with COVID-19 at the beginning of the pandemic. The sample consisted of 100 healthcare workers diagnosed with COVID-19 and agreed to participate in the study. Data were collected between 10 June - 30 July 2020. The "Evaluation of the Transmission Status of Healthcare Workers Diagnosed with COVID-19 Questionnaire" questionnaire, which included questions about demographic and disease information, COVID-19 transmission, and personal protective equipment usage parameters, was used as the data collection tool. The questionnaire was filled face to face or by telephone calls by the researchers. Results: Of the participants, 41% stated that they had never worked in the COVID unit, 33% worked only on duty in the COVID unit, and 26% stated that they constantly worked in the COVID unit; 32% had contact with a patient diagnosed with COVID-19 in the last 14 days. Regarding the use of personal protective equipment, 51% stated that they did not have any problems, and 52% stated that they had not received any training. Conclusion: Frontline healthcare workers can be infected during the pandemic. Inadequacies in the use of personal protective equipment, omissions, failure to carry out systematic training and practices, and neglecting the use of protective equipment in social environments increase the risk of transmission. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Pseudomonas aeruginosa, belonging to the Pseudomonadaceae family, is Gram-negative, rod-shaped, motile, aerobic, endospore negative, oxidase and catalase positive. It is widely found in nature and isolated from soil, plants, water and animals. It can grow rapidly on the surface of the food and form oxidized products and mucous substances. P. aeruginosa, one of the leading foodborne pathogens, causes important concerns in food safety due to being a source of contamination, causing food poisoning and antimicrobial resistance in animals, forming biofilms and difficulties in preventing biofilms. In this review, information on history, microbiological, cultural and biochemical characteristics, virulence factors and pathogenicity of P. aeruginosa are given. In addition, infections caused by P. aeruginosa and its presence in food are described.

Introduction:Pediatric burn related infections are challenging conditions to manage for health care providers and can cause several complications entailing a complicated treatment and prognosis. In this study, infection in pediatric burn patients hospitalized in burn intensive care unit (ICU) of a tertiary care hospital was investigated.Methods:This study was conducted between 1 January 2018 and 31 December 2020 in burn ICU of a tertiary care hospital. The demographic and clinical data, the type of infections and the isolated microorganisms, antibiotics used for prophylaxis and treatment and the outcomes were retrospectively evaluated from patient files and the hospital registries.Results:A total of 192 pediatric patients were included in our study. The mean age of the patients was 5.48±4.7 years. There were 73 patients who experienced at least one infection episode with an incidence of 38%. The most commonly isolated microorganisms were Candida species in blood-stream, Escherichia coli in urinary tract and Pseudomonas aeruginosa in burn wound infections. The percentage of burned body surface area and abbreviated burn severity index were significantly higher in patients with infections. Also, ICU stay and total stay were significantly longer in these patients.Conclusion:In pediatric burns, strict adherence to isolation procedures, avoiding the use of central and urinary catheters, early excision and early wound closure are important measures to reduce infections. Prophylaxis with broad spectrum antibiotics should be avoided. Appropriate antibiotic strategies should be developed depending on culture results of the patients.

Objective: Type 1 diabetes mellitus (Type 1 DM) is the most common endocrine-metabolic disorder at childhood and adolescence. In this study, it was aimed to determine the risk factors for poor metabolic control in Type 1 DM, the frequency of infection in the cases, the frequency of accompanying autoimmune diseases, the effect of Type 1 DM on the final height and body mass index (BMI) and to review the treatment and follow-up. Material and Methods: The present study included 184 children and adolescent with Type 1 DM. The patient charts were retrospectively reviewed and a questionnaire was applied including sociodemographic characteristics of the patients, and history of infection. Results: Of the cases included, 53.5% were girl whereas 46.7% were boy with a mean age of 12.71±0.31 years. Mean age at diagnosis was 7.71±0.29 years while mean Hb1ac value was 8.45±1.78. No correlation was found between mean HbA1c value and family history for diabetes mellitus, household size, residency and monthly income. Since type 1 DM is a chronic disease, the final dye effect in patients was made by comparing the target height with the final height. It was observed that 29 patients who reached to final height passed over their target height. It was determined that as the mean HbA1c value, which is an indicator of metabolic control, increased, microalbuminuria and neuropathy increased. There was no severe infection requiring hospitalization. The mean number of infection per year was 2.3 and there was no increase in the frequency of infection. Conclusion: In conclusion, duration of disease and increased age, puberty, socioeconomic status, incompliance to dietary recommendation and failure in attending control visits were identified as risk factor for poor metabolic control in patients with Type 1 DM. It was found that patients reached to target height by improved metabolic control. No increase in infection rate or severe infection requiring hospitalization was observed in our patients. The frequency of autoimmune diseases was similar to the literature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: This study was planned to investigate the effect of plastic adhesive dressing in preventing surgical site infection in cases undergoing appendectomy. Materials and Methods: Sixty patients between 20 and 60 years old patients who underwent appendectomy were included in the study. 30 of the patients were divided into two groups as experiment and 30 as control group. The operation area of the patients in the experimental group was stained with 10% povidone iodine in an antiseptic solution and covered with a sterile adhesive cover and their operations were performed. In the control group, the operation area was stained only with antiseptic solution povidone iodine. In both groups, the incision areas were dressed with 10% povidone iodine at the end of the operation and once a day in the first 48 hours. Sociodemographic data of the patients were evaluated in terms of surgical site infection in the postoperative period, both with clinical (redness, tenderness, discharge temperature, edema, body temperature) and laboratory data. Results were evaluated using chi- square and t tests. P <0.05 was considered statistically significant in all tests. Results: In the study, there was no significant difference between the diagnostic characteristics of the patients in the experimental and control groups and the infection findings on the 2nd and 15th days after surgery (p> 0.5). There was no evidence of infection in either group. Conclusions: In this study, it was observed that adhesive surgical dressings did not provide additional benefit in terms of preventing infection compared to standard dressings in preventing surgical field infections. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: This study was undertaken to explore knowledge and attitudes of nurses about urinary catheter and prevention of catheter-associated infections. Methods: The population of this descriptive study was composed of nurses who worked at a training and research hospital in a province. The study utilized no sampling method, and 131 nurses who volunteered to join the study and were contacted were recruited for the study. The data of the study were collected using descriptive questionnaire that addressed at nurses’ socio-demographic characteristics and Catheter-Associated Urinary Tract Infections (CAUTI) between April and May 2019. In the analysis of the data; numbers, percentages, means, Mann Whitney-U test and Kruskall Wallis test were used. Results: 35.1% of the nurses were aged ≥35 years, 87.0% of them were female and 60.3% of them had undergraduate degrees. 24.4% of the participating nurses had a work-length of 6-10 years and 53.4% of them received training about catheter-associated urinary system infections. It was identified that nurses had an average score of 62.18±7.11. It was identified that such variables as age, sex, educational status, work-length did not affect nurses’ urinary catheter and catheter-associated infections. Conclusion:It was found that more than half of the participant nurses received training about catheter-associated urinary system infections and showed a high level of knowledge and attitudes about urinary catheter and prevention of catheter-associated infections. It may be recommended that the number of on-job trainings about preventing catheter-associated infections be elevated and continued.

Objective: The isolation of microorganisms in joint fluid samples is one of the most important laboratory findings guiding the treatment. Knowing the distribution of the isolated microorganisms allows for the correct empirical approach to treatment. The frequency of MRSA isolation from joint fluid cultures is increasing, and MRSA infections are increasing in importance among infectious arthritis cases. This study aimed to determine the distribution of microorganisms that grew in joint fluid cultures and the antibiotic susceptibility patterns of staphylococci grown in these cultures. Methods: Our study is retrospective and planned to cover the years between 2015 and 2019. Of the synovial fluid samples sent to the Microbiology Laboratory, 103 samples with growth in culture were included in the study. Bacteria isolated from the samples were identified with the MALDI-TOF MS device and were evaluated for antimicrobial susceptibility in the automated system. Results: Samples of 103 patients were included in the study. While 19 of the patients included in the evaluation had a history of joint replacement, 84 patients had natural joint involvement. Generally, S. aureus ranked first in both group samples (41.7% and 42.2%). Coagulase-negative staphylococci and streptococci came second and third, respectively. Gram-negative bacilli were in fourth place (10.8%) in samples belonging to natural joints. In comparison, only one growth (5.3%) was detected in samples of patients with a prosthetic history. However, no statistically significant difference was found between the natural joint and prosthesis in terms of pathogen distribution (p> 0.05). All MRSA isolates were susceptible to vancomycin, teicoplanin, linezolid, daptomycin, and tigecycline. No MRCNS isolate was resistant to vancomycin, tigecycline, and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole. Conclusion: We think that our study will contribute to the literature on the distribution of infectious arthritis agents, the evaluation of antimicrobial resistance profiles of these agents, and empirical antimicrobial selection. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Osmangazi Journal of Medicine / Osmangazi Tip Dergisi is the property of Eskisehir Osmangazi University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Anatolian Clinic Journal of Medical Sciences is the property of Hayat Saglik ve Sosyal Hizmetler Vakfi and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate the importance of C-reactive protein (CRP) and procalcitonin (PCT) in the diagnosis and monitoring of infections in chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients. Materials and Methods: In this study, 1538 hospitalized patients in the nephrology division of Ondokuz Mayıs University between March 2012 and June 2014 were evaluated. A total of 72 patients with CKD (Glomerular filtration rate

Granulomatous skin disorders are a heterogeneous group of disorders characterized by granuloma formation on histopathology. They may be triggered by various stimuli, including infectious and non-infectious stimuli (foreign bodies, malignancy, metabolites, and chemicals), of different etiological origins. Although pathophysiological mechanisms are still poorly understood, infectious granuloma formation may occur if the patient’s immune system could not eliminate an agent. Clinically, localized or disseminated infectious granuloma formation can be related to the infectious agent’s pathogenicity or the patient’s immunity. Typical infectious agents causing infectious granulomatous reactions are mycobacteria, fungal infections, or parasites, such as leishmaniasis. This review aims to summarize granulomatous skin diseases encountered more frequently in our clinical experience because of infectious causes.

Objective: The aim of this study was detect to infection source before the bloodstream infection (BSI) of patients with secondary BSI to examine the epidemiological features, sources of infection, prognosis and antibiotic resistance. Materials and Methods: Culture/antibiotic susceptibility results of all hospitalized patients were evaluated retrospectively. Age, gender, localization of infection, causative microorganism, antibiogram test results, time frame between primary and secondary BSI and prognosis of each patients with secondary BSI was investigated. Results: In a total of 1,584 patients, secondary BSI was detected in 200 patients, 158 (79%) of them in the intensive care unit and 42 (21%) of inpatient services. Median of time between primary and secondary bloodstream infections among specimen species were statistically insignificant (p=0.091). Urinary tract infection (37%) is the most common, followed by respiratory tract infections (31%), skin and soft tissue infections (18%), central nervous system infections (10%) and other infections (4%). Acinetobacter baumannii complex species had a resistance against more than 95% of antibiotics except aminoglycosides. Resistance to carbapenem group antibiotics was observed at a rate of 2% in Escherichia coli strains and the rate was found to be 35% in Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates. Methicillin resistance was found in 29% of Staphylococcus aureus and 90% of coagulase negative staphylococci and 25% of Enterococcus spp. were resistant to vancomycin. Conclusion: Knowing a source of infection in secondary bloodstream infections will lead to an identification of risk factors for infections and a description of infection control practices. It will reduce health expenditure as well as mortality rate.. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is a chronic disease of the central nervous system that affects young adults and women more. Although it is not seen as a fatal disease, it is associated with earlier mortality despite developing treatment options. Methods: Patients who were diagnosed with clinically definite MS and followed up between January 2001 and January 2021 were included in the study. The data were obtained from the IMED database. Patients with and without mortality were compared. Age, gender, age, disease onset type, disease duration, MS subtype, total number of attacks, final EDSS value, immunomodulatory treatment status, comorbid diseases and mortality reasons were recorded. Results: 2456 patients were included in the study. Mortality was detected in 26 patients within 20 years of follow-up. The female / male ratio of patients with mortality was 3.33. The mean age of patients without mortality was found to be 41.97 ± 12.02, and the mean age of patients with mortality was 48.57 ± 9.91. Disease duration was found as 16.37 ± 6.83 in patients with 8.16 ± 7.50 mortality in patients without mortality. When evaluated according to the disease subtype, 1980 (81.5%) of the patients who did not develop mortality were relapsing remitting, and 13 (50.0%) of the patients with mortality were RRMS patients. Average of last EDSS values; It was found as 1.89±1.07 in patients without mortality and 5.86±2.23 in patients with mortality. The most common cause of mortality was 38.5% pneumonia. This was followed by myocardial infarction, sepsis, and malignancy. The factors affecting the development of mortality were high age, long duration of the disease, having a progressive disease type and high EDSS value. Conclusion: The most common cause of mortality is infections. Advanced age, long disease duration, progressive disease type and high EDSS level are the conditions where mortality is most associated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Fractures, soft tissue injuries and loss of tissue are common in maxillofacial traumas. Foreign bodies may remain under the skin and deep tissue as a result of injury depending on the type of trauma. Foreign bodies may not be visible on imaging depending on their content and may appear as a focus of infection after days. In our case, who applied to our clinic after 45 days, wooden pieces were found in the periorbital region during the operation performed for fracture. Purulent fluid around the wooden pieces caused fistula formation on the skin. The contaminated area was irrigated, and all foreign bodies were removed. Especially wooden foreign objects that can be invisible during imaging should be kept in mind, the story during the trauma should be examined, and it should not be forgotten that foreign bodies may remain under the skin. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Minerals have crucial roles in terms of vital function in the organism including hormones, enzymes, cell formation etc. Oxidative stress and related hormones, regarding infectious diseases, affect all functions of body including mineral taking, metabolism and excretion. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of the pox disease on blood minerals composition of sheep and lambs. This study was conducted on 20 healthy sheep, 20 poxvirus infected sheep and their lambs (Totally 80 subjects). One-shot blood samples from sheep and lambs were collected and serums were separated immediately. Serum mineral levels were analysed in the atomic absorption spectrophotometer. In general, the level of Cu in infected animals was higher than in healthy ones. Zn, Fe, Mg and Na levels of healthy animals were found higher than infected subjects. The difference between healthy and infected animal groups for serum Ca and K levels was not significant. Positive correlations were found between serum Zn, Fe, Mg and Na levels. However, a negative correlation was found between Cu-Zn and Cu-Fe pairs. Consequently, Cu, Zn, Fe, Mg and Na levels in serum, which are vital for animal organisms, showed significant changes in sheep and their lambs during poxvirus infection. To rapid healing or prevention of the diseases, mineral disorders must be corrected urgently.

İnsan sağlığı açısından temiz su kaynaklarına erişimin önemi tartışılamaz. Sağlıklı suyun kullanımı enfeksiyonların ve buna bağlı hastalıkların önlenmesinde elzemdir. Günümüzde cerrahi el hazırlığı, geleneksel el antisepsisi ve susuz el antisepsisi olarak gruplandırılabilmektedir. Geleneksel el antisepsisinin, cilt bütünlüğüne zarar verme ve alerjik reaksiyonlara zemin hazırlama gibi istenmeyen etkileri bulunmakta, bu da bakteriyel kolonizasyon riskini arttırarak cerrahi alan enfeksiyonlarına (CAE) zemin hazırlamaktadır. Susuz el antisepsisi, kullanımının kolay ve adaptasyonunun yüksek olması, su ve zaman tasarrufu sağlaması ve cilt tahrişini minimal düzeylere indirmesi gibi birçok avantaja sahiptir. Su kaynaklarına erişimin güç olduğu günümüz dünyasında, sağlık profesyonelleri açısından cilde zarar vermeyen, uygulama kolaylığı olan, enerji, zaman ve su tasarrufu sağlayan, ekonomik ve CEA’nı önlemede etkili olan cerrahi el antisepsisine olan ihtiyaç her geçen gün artmaktadır. Bu derleme makalenin amacı, cerrahi öncesi el hazırlığında geleneksel el antisepsisi ile susuz el antisepsisi yöntemlerini karşılaştıran çalışmaları inceleyerek, her iki yöntemin de avantajlarını ve dezavantajlarını ortaya koymak, sağlık profesyonellerine yeni yöntemleri denemeleri ve bu konuda deneysel çalışmalar yapmaları için farkındalık yaratmaktır.

Copyright of Journal of Pediatric Emergency & Intensive Care Medicine / Çocuk Acil ve Voğun Bakım Dergisi is the property of Galenos Yayinevi Tic. LTD. STI and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Online Turkish Journal of Health Sciences (OTJHS) / Online Türk Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi is the property of Oguz KARABAY and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), is caused by a novel coronavirus named as Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). It became a major global health threat in a short time after being declared by the World Health Organization (WHO) as a pandemic on March 11, 2020. Viral, environmental, and host factors play a role in the course of COVID-19. The disease is more common in the elderly, men, and people with diabetes mellitus, hypertension, cardiovascular disease, chronic renal disease, and malignancy. While some risk scores are used to predict ICU admission and mortality, they are not specific to COVID-19. Identifying high-risk individuals and preventing their infection can reduce mortality in the disease. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]