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The Posttraumatic Growth Inventory (PTGI; Tedeschi & Calhoun, 1996) assesses growth experiences following traumatic events, such as those experienced during the COVID-19 pandemic. However, its factor structure is still under debate, suggesting that a bifactor model might best represent the structure of the test. This study examined the psychometric properties of this instrument with a sample of 615 Peruvian adults. Confirmatory factor analyses revealed that a bifactor model, which included a general factor and five specific factors, proved to be the best fit to the data (SBS-χ2 (df)= 909.26(184), CFI =1, RMSEA =.066, SRMR =.046). We found evidence of configural invariance between the group that reports deceased relatives by COVID-19 and the group that does not. In addition, adequate internal consistency indices were found. This study supports adequate psychometric properties of the PTGI. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Retos: Nuevas Perspectivas de Educación Física, Deporte y Recreación is the property of Federacion Espanola de Asociaciones de Docentes de Educacion Fisica and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Científica de Enfermería (2071-5080) is the property of Colegio de Enfermeros del Peru and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Gaceta Médica de Caracas is the property of Academia Nacional de Medicina and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Colombia is one of the countries where the armed conflict has been expressed through different forms of violence, causing the victims to experience multiple traumatic situations. The aim of this study is to compare the number of traumatic events experienced, the presence of symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorders (PTSD), and the deterioration of functioning among victims of forced displacement in the context of the armed conflict who meet and do not meet the diagnostic criteria for PTSD, through the application of the EGEP-5, which is an instrument that evaluates the presence of post-traumatic symptoms and diagnosis of PTSD. The study is non-experimental, cross-sectional, and descriptive in scope. The results showed that 45.6% of the total sample met all the PTSD criteria, presenting in turn a greater number of traumatic events, though polyvictimization was identified in the two study samples. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Elderly prisoners are a minority in the prison population but their number is increasing compared to other groups. Mental health problems in elderly prisoners can be caused by the length of the detention period, being separated from family and partners, and conflicts that occur between inmates in prison which worsen the mental health conditions of elderly prisoners. Research on mental health problems in elderly prisoners is also still limited. Method: A scoping review study design was used. Articles searched through PubMed, EBSCO, ProQuest, Sage Journal, and Google Scholar. Articles published from 2000 to 2023. The keywords used in English are "Elderly", "Mental Health Problems", and "Prisoners. Results: Of the nine articles analyzed, we found the mental health problems of elderly prisoners were anxiety, agoraphobia, depression, bipolar, personality disorders, post-traumatic stress disorder, suicide risk, mood disorders, psychosis spectrum disorders or schizophrenia, and alcohol abuse or dependence. Conclusions: Based on several findings, it is recommended for further research focus on providing appropriate interventions for elderly prisoners who experience mental health problems, as well as identifying the extent of mental health services for elderly prisoners. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Cuadernos Médico Sociales is the property of Colegio Medico de Chile (A.G.) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Colombiana de Psiquiatria is the property of Asociacion Colombiana de Psiquiatria and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The article investigates the different fears that could have been triggered in Argentinas population in relation to the pandemic and confinement by COVID-19. It is taken into account that the aforementioned situation was an event of great magnitude and potentially traumatic that, although it is currently controlled, the appearance of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is presumed feasible (WHO, 2021). Therefore, it is considered important to explore the main fears of the population then, which would provide an overview of the Argentines experience of such event. Two years after the declaration of the pandemic, a survey was distributed with an inventory of fears in pandemic and seclusion. The research yielded expected results since the greatest fears were the death of oneself and loved ones and with socio-demographic differences, which implies that currently it is necessary to consider structuring a primary and secondary prevention plan in relation to PTSD. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Specifically to the military fields, the differences in the performance achieved during the combat in troops are due to psychological factors. Nowadays it is undeniable that psychological variables can make a major difference in military performance and influence the results of a war. Decision-making is very important in this area, since it is necessary in extreme stress situations. In critical situations, wrong military decisions can seriously affect the civilian population. The control of emotions in situations that generate high levels of stress and the presence of neuropsychological deficits (which would seriously impede the training of cadets) give rise to great limitations in their performance and in their performance in the field and in the classroom. This would generate high impact professional errors for decisions in a war. In this work, we carried out an evaluation of 80 participants (60 % women), of which 40 were students of the military career and 40 students from the general population of the Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina. The groups were homogenized by age, sex and studies level. Both groups of participants were evaluated to find out their levels of compulsive urgency, sensation seeking and impulsivity. They are then asked to perform neuropsychological tests to estimate their attentional abilities, executive control, verbal and non-verbal fluency, and risky versus safe decision-making style. The presence of symptoms associated with Post-traumatic Stress Disorder has also been evaluated, especially in the population of war veterans. The inclusion criteria for the sample implied that the participants were not: psychologists or psychology students; patients taking psychiatric medication or had a psychopathological disorder; subjects who have experienced repeated seizures or absences or have been diagnosed with epilepsy; people who have suffered a coma, stroke, or head injury with loss of consciousness or confusion for more than 30 minutes; subjects with uncompensated hearing or visual deficit, or diagnosed with a neurological disease, uncontrolled hypo or hyperthyroidism or chronic drug use. The criteria also required that the individuals be in good condition to perform the task at the time of the encounters, excluding subjects with clear signs of fever, pain, depression, or anxiety. Two studies were carried out with the two groups of participants: on the one hand, the influence of three subtypes of impulsivity on performance in the neuropsychological assessment and the decision-making process was analyzed; secondly, the profiles of cadets and civilians were compared. Military students were noted for speed of processing on repetitive tasks as well as lower risk-taking. On the other hand, they made more mistakes and had less flow for novel responses. In conclusion, Cadetes were better in two areas than civilians their age. Firstly, in the speed of information processing and secondly, due to greater caution when taking risks. However, it is noteworthy that, although the former emitted quicker responses, it was attentively more difficult for them to inhibit distracting stimuli compared to civilians. This point could indicate that staff training places a lot of emphasis on response speed without training response accuracy. It is concluded that military training favored certain valuable aspects for military practice but that areas related to flexibility and reflection in ambiguous situations still need to be improved. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Following the inclusion in the ICD-11 of the diagnosis of complex post-traumatic stress disorder (cPTSD) in 2020, there has been a succession of publications debating the relevance or not of this entity and regarding its distinction from borderline personality disorder (BPD). The present reflection article aims to: 1. to understand whether c-PTSD and BPD are different entities; 2. to understand the state of the art regarding this issue; and 3. to propose a differential diagnosis that will help to distinguish between the two. To account for the first two questions, a qualitative (non-systematic) literature review was carried out between 2020 and 2022 (the period of validity of cPTSD in the ICD-11). Based on the theoretical and empirical information found, and achieving the third objective, a differential diagnosis is proposed in order to shed light on the nosological distinction between the two constructs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Intimate partner violence against women is a psychosocial problem with considerable psychological consequences. The objective of the study was to describe the psychological symptoms in women alleged victims of violence in a relationship, attended at the Institute of Criminology, Criminalistics and Family Psychosocial Intervention of the University of Cuenca-Ecuador, in the period 2023. The quantitative approach, non-experimental, crosssectional design and descriptive scope. We worked with a population of 30 women. A sociodemographic record, the SCL-90-R symptom inventory and the Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder Symptom Severity Scale according to the DSM-5 forensic version were applied. The results in terms of psychological symptomatology were obsessions and compulsions, followed by paranoid ideation and depression. The highest rated were thoughts about death, overeating and feelings of guilt, as well as the severity of posttraumatic stress symptoms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Electrónica de Psicología Iztacala is the property of Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Gender violence is a growing problem worldwide, which has attracted the attention of international organizations such as the UNO, WHO, and the CNDH; the problem keeps worsening as an indirect psychosocial consequence due to the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on the man-woman relationship in homes and closed spaces. The present study consists of a documentation analysis. The objective was to analyze, compare and differentiate the types and designs of research, as well as the findings found in articles from Spanish-speaking countries that demonstrate the effects on the mental health of people who are victims of gender violence, taking Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) as the leading indicator. The search used the Boolean operator "AND" in the academic search engines of Scielo, Redalyc, Google academic, and Dialnet from 2011 to 2021. The results show a high prevalence of adverse affective and cognitive conditions in victims, including PTSD and suicide attempts. Perceived social support affects the reduction of these problems. The present analysis concluded that there is sufficient recent evidence to affirm that the development of PTSD is highly prevalent in people who chronically suffer from gender violence. Maintaining traditional behaviors towards gender roles and stereotypes is a fundamental part of the beginning and progressive escalation of violence. The need to generate and apply effective and efficient therapeutic interventions that contribute to the mental health of the vulnerable population is critical. Regarding prevention, it is necessary to deconstruct the sex-gender-patriarchy system in all areas of life. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Emergency first responders get exposed to multiple risks inherent to their work. Some of these include the psychosocial risk factor with a high prevalence of stress, post-traumatic stress disorder, exhaustion, and fatigue. These risks arise from emergency first responders having to deal with patients in critical situations under adverse conditions typical of external and unprotected environments, as well as with the particular working conditions in the institutions where they work. The main objective of this study is to describe the influence of psychosocial risk factors and the presence of post-traumatic stress disorder on the mental health of emergency first responders. The methodology included an exhaustive literature review on the first responder's exposure to psychosocial risk factors, work-related stress, and post-traumatic stress disorder. The results suggest that the latter is a frequent consequence of exposure to psychosocial risk factors. These results suggest that being permanently exposed to stressful situations can affect their mental health. Likewise, the management and evaluation of psychosocial risk factors allow for recognizing labor conditions and lead the implementation of intervention protocols focused on the most relevant aspects that affect the mental health of these workers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Pervasive Refusal Syndrome is a gradual process that leads to catatonia and usually requires nasogastric feeding. This syndrome mainly affects asylum-seeking girls between 7 and 15 years of age from certain ethnic minorities and presents comorbidity with depressive episodes and posttraumatic stress disorder. The Pervasive Refusal Syndrome has a total recovery rate of 78%, partial of 16%, and a mortality of 1%, and sequelae take the form of retrograde amnesia, chronic anxiety or depression. Its therapeutic approach is double: systemic therapy complemented with integrative medicine and pharmacological treatment. The present theoretical review concludes the paucity of ongoing research on a syndrome that, paradoxically, is increasing worldwide. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Sometimes, after the loss of a loved one, people can develop posttraumatic symptomatology, which web-based treatments can help to reduce. We conducted a meta-analysis of web-based online treatments for reducing PTSD and other symptomatology in people who have lost a loved one. Five databases were searched between 2010 and 2022. A manual search was also performed. The meta-analysis included 13 articles which provided 14 intervention groups and 13 comparative groups. Effect sizes for PTSD, complicated grief, anxiety and depression were moderate. Our conclusion is that web-based programs for people who have lost a loved one are effective in reducing PTSD and other symptomatology, although the effects of certain treatment combinations should still be studied. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Intimate partner violence is a problem that mainly affects women. Some studies have shown that there are neuropsychological effects in women who have been victims of violence. These changes can occur due to head injuries, or as a result of psychopathologies that victims usually experience such as depression, Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD) and Post-traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD). Despite the fact that violence against women is a national and international problem, there is not enough evidence about the neuropsychological effects of violence on women. The objective of this research is to analyze the cognitive performance of women who have been victims of intimate partner violence in the last year. Cognitive performance was assessed through the Brief Neuropsychological Evaluation in Spanish-NEUROPSI, and the presence of psychopathological symptoms with the use of Beck depression inventory II, mexican version of Beck's anxiety inventory and post traumatic stress disorder checklist for DSM-5. To later compare the results at intra-group level and determine the characteristics of the sample. A strong negative correlation (-.639) was found between PTSD and TFE. Finally, a Mann-Whitney U for the TFE, where the grouping variable was the absence or presence of PTSD, a significant difference was found in favor of the group without PTSD (p=.007). Knowing the cognitive performance of women who have experienced violence will make important contributions that would impact on care to victims in both health and legal areas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Espiga is the property of Revista Espiga and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista de Investigación is the property of Universidad Pedagogica Experimental Libertador and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Background. The early psychological impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and lockdown is greater in people with mental disorders. This study explored the differences in the psychological impact on people with an anxiety disorder by sex in Spain. Methods. Cross-sectional, descriptive, comparative study of the data provided by participants in an anonymous online survey between March 19 and 26, 2020. The ad hoc questionnaire included sociodemographic, clinical, and variable data related to COVID-19, along with questions about coping strategies, and the Spanish versions of the Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale (DASS-21) and Impact of Event Scale (IES). Descriptive bivariate analyses and logistic regression models were used. Results. Of the 21,207 participants, 1617 (7.6%) people with self-reported anxiety disorder were analyzed [1347 (83.3%) females; 270 (16.7%) males]. The psychological impact was greater on women than men with statistically significant differences in each subscale of the DASS-21 and subscales of the IES. After adjusting for potential confounding variables, it was observed that being a woman was associated with higher scores on the intrusive and avoidant thoughts subscales. Conclusions. Our study suggests that women with an anxiety disorder are a group vulnerable to a greater negative impact on mental health and, especially, symptoms related to post-traumatic stress disorder. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Postpartum post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) has a prevalence of 3-4% in women, rising to 15-19% in the presence of risks during pregnancy or childbirth, and reaching 39% in the case of neonatal death. Perinatal complications can trigger a real or perceived threat to maternal or neonatal life, which can evoke intense emotional reactions equivalent to a traumatic stressor according to PTSD criteria. Four symptom clusters have been identified: re-experiencing, avoidance, negative cognitions and mood, and hyperarousal symptoms. Despite its high comorbidity with depression and anxiety, postpartum PTSD remains underdiagnosed in maternal settings. The Postpartum Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Scale, originally developed in England, is in the process of translation and global validation. Objective: To validate the Spanish adaptation of the City Birth Trauma Scale. Methods: Quantitative, nonexperimental, cross-sectional, descriptive-correlational study in a sample of 677 Argentine women with children under 12 months of age. Results: Exploratory factor analysis revealed two dimensions that explained 49.56% of the total variance. Confirmatory factor analysis supported the two-factor structure. The scale showed high internal consistency (total α = 0.903), with α = 0.872 for ‘birth-related symptoms’ and α = 0.886 for ‘general symptoms’. Construct validity of the City BiTS was demonstrated by moderate associations with the DASS-21 subscales and a negative correlation with the BIEPS-A. Conclusions: The Spanish adaptation of the City Birth Trauma Scale is confirmed as a reliable and valid instrument, consistent with original research findings and subsequent validations, articulating postpartum PTSD in two symptom categories: birth-related and general. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents a clinical case of a 14-year-old patient diagnosed with post-traumatic stress disorder treated with Traumatic Key Therapy (TCT) in a combined face-to-face and telemedicine format. TCT is a scientifically validated treatment for chronic post-traumatic stress disorder in children and adolescents. At the end of the treatment, the patient's traumatic symptoms decrease and she no longer meets the clinical criteria for post-traumatic stress disorder. It is suggested that combined format TCT is a valid option for the treatment of chronic post-traumatic stress disorder in children and adolescents. [Extracted from the article]

Copyright of Revista Electrónica de Psicología Iztacala is the property of Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Electrónica de Psicología Iztacala is the property of Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The legislative and social progress regarding the rights and equal opportunities of people with disabilities does not exclude military contexts. The United States, France, the United Kingdom and Spain have developed instruments to guarantee legal, administrative, and economic protection for military personnel with disabilities, although social recovery projects and programs seem insufficient. Therefore, this bibliographic review focuses on the objective of reviewing the psychosocial resources available in the Armies of our environment. The results show that most of the studies reviewed focus on the recovery of military personnel with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), although there are also studies on spinal cord injury or brain damage. The topics addressed, in relation to psychosocial support and available resources, focus on employability, economic compensation, treatments and factors that favour social integration. Of note are studies on: (1) the benefits brought by supported employment programs, for health, social integration, and self-esteem, (2) the use of service dogs, that improve quality of life and work production, and (3) sports programs, which improve self-esteem and quality of life, and favour post traumatic growth. In conclusion, the need to establish comprehensive recovery programs, not only health, but also psychosocial, is pointed out. Military personnel and veterans with disabilities should be informed and advised about the resources available to them, and accompanied in the transition to civilian life, initiating work, social, sports and leisure projects that favour their quality of life, self-esteem, and recovery. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Avances en Psicología is the property of Universidad Femenina del Sagrado Corazon and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The distribution of teletreatment carried out by psychologists during the COVID-19 pandemic for GAD, specific phobia, agoraphobia, social anxiety, panic, OCD and PTSD, and whether experience in teletherapy has an significant effect on demand have not been studied. The results indicate that GAD with 69.2% has been the disorder that has received the most teletherapy and phobia with 60.5%, the least. Panic, social anxiety, PTSD, OCD, and agoraphobia had a demand of 67.2%, 66.8%, 64.0%, 63.5%, and 62.2%, respectively. The experience in teletherapy was significant. Tele-treatment for experienced psychologists increased an average of 93.9% compared to 35.7% for those without experience. 22.8% of psychologists did not carry out anxiety teletherapy. These results may be useful to develop specific prevention and telematic intervention programs for anxiety disorders in the face of future coronavirus pandemics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Adicciones is the property of Sociedad Cientifica Espanola de Estudios sobre el Alcohol and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Gaceta Médica de Caracas is the property of Academia Nacional de Medicina and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Objectives: To explore sexual and reproductive health and its interface with mental health in women who survived the Bojaya massacre, taking into consideration the physical and psychological aspects involved in the full expression of sexuality and reproduction, based on the analysis of clinical assessment records collected in 2018. Material and methods: Mixed study. Descriptive quantitative case series and qualitative narrative study. The quantitative component included 44 women who were direct survivors of an explosive device and the qualitative component that included 10 of them with sexual dysfunction. Convenient sampling was used. Healthcare records were the sources of information. Sociodemographic variables, obstetrical and gynecological history, sexual dysfunction and mental health symptoms, signs and diagnoses based on the ICD X were measured. Descriptive epidemiological analysis and qualitative narrative analysis, identifying emerging themes pertaining to the problems experienced and prioritized, as well as significant related events. Results: Mean age was 45 years; 54% had gynecological symptoms; 32% had difficulty accessing contraception; 23% had sexual dysfunctions; 13.63% had a history of sexual violence and 34% of domestic violence; 61.63% had post-traumatic stress disorder. The qualitative component showed evidence of frequent intimate partner violence, family issues and distress due to untreated symptoms. Conclusions: Routine assessment in women survivors of armed conflicts must include aspects such as potential sexual dysfunction, post-traumatic disorders and a history of polyvictimization. Further descriptive and analytical studies are needed in order to explore these aspects and their interrelations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cancer has been defined by the World Health Organization as "a disease caused by abnormal cells growing uncontrollably in the body, going beyond their usual boundaries, invading adjoining parts of the body and spreading to other organs". Being diagnosed with cancer has been described as an experience with diverse emotional reactions and difficulties in adaptation, having psychological consequences, being most common depression, anxiety and psychological distress; but also, some patients present positive consequences after having a cancer diagnosis, such as post traumatic growth, which includes positive changes presented after the disease experience. Subjective appraisal about cancer has been defined as a mediating variable for the emotional response presented after a stressor, such as cancer diagnosis, treatment, or important changes during disease process (initiating and finalizing treatment, presenting relapse or remission, as well as when having control studies). The subjective appraisal can be presented with different thought content and styles. Thought style is referred as the way thoughts about the stressor are presented, it has been classified as rumination (thoughts that are intrusive and repetitive that also increase psychological distress), cognitive engagement (thoughts associated with problem solving and meaning finding) or avoidance (aiming to stop thinking about stressor or feeling associated with it). Depending on the thought style presented at a stressor, could be the emotional response (anxiety, depression, distress, post-traumatic growth). The aim of the present study was to describe the thoughts (style, content, valence and temporality) related to cancer diagnosis in a group of ten oncologic patients. To identify if differences between thought style, valence and temporality were presented. The study design is qualitative from a phenomenological point of view. Ten oncologic (different cancer type, clinical stage and treatment) patients were asked to write the five more frequent thoughts since their cancer diagnosis. Each thought was classified by: thought style, valence, and temporality (top-down, classifying the thoughts according to theory). The same thoughts were also classified in semantic units (bottom-up, classifying the thoughts according to their own contents), generating concerns from the content. Cross tabs were made to identify contents and temporality for thought style and valence, which were analyzed by chi square to identify differences between thought style, temporality and valence. The most common thought style was cognitive engagement, followed by rumination (almost same frequency). On what respects to thought style and temporality, rumination was more focused on past (causes and attributions of cancer) and future (uncertainty about death and treatment effectiveness); meanwhile, cognitive engagement was focused on present (to enjoy present moment and focus on daily actions). Chi square was made to identify if this difference was significant, showing temporality was significantly different in cognitive engagement and rumination. The concerns identified in study participants were uncertainty about future and disease, family (communication and wellness of the family), finances (due to expensive treatments), causes and guilt about having cancer. Thoughts that were more centered in present, were more likely to be associated with cognitive engagement. Cognitive engagement has been described previously as an important variable associated with post traumatic growth. Thoughts centered in the past and present were more associated with rumination. Rumination has been associated with depression and post-traumatic stress disorder. Because of mediating role of thought style in disease adaptation, emotional response to the disease, and the relation of this adaptation with the perception of quality of life in cancer patients, the design of psychological interventions aiming on promoting cognitive engagement by problem solving skills, meaning finding, and focusing on present could be a research line derived from present studies results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction and objectives. Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is the most common psychological disorder in victims of terrorism. Cognitive models of PTSD postulate that dysfunctional attitudes play a fundamental role in its etiology, maintenance, and treatment. The objective of this study was to develop a self-report instrument to assess traumatic dysfunctional attitudes typical of victims of terrorism: the Traumatic Dysfunctional Attitude Scale (EADT by its original Spanish acronym). Materials and method. The EADT items were extracted from 480 recorded hours of trauma-focused cognitive- behavioral therapy administered to 59 victims of terrorism with PTSD and after an analysis of items' content and intelligibility by a group of psychologists. A preliminary 84-item version was administered to a sample of 253 victims of terrorism along with measures of PTSD, depression, and depressive dysfunctional attitudes. Results. A series of factorial and reliability analyses on the preliminary version allowed one to arrive at a definitive version composed of 34 items and three correlated factors: dangerous world, negative view of society and the human being, and chronicity of distress. The psychometric analyses of the definitive version revealed good evidence concerning the internal structure of the test, score internal consistency, the differentiation of known groups, and the relationships with conceptually related constructs. Conclusions. The EADT is a simple instrument whose scores have good psychometric properties and can be useful to assess, both in research and applied contexts, the dysfunctional attitudes that victims of terrorism may present. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Forced displacement in Montería can become a risk factor for the existence of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD); however, there are no data on its prevalence. The objective of the research was to identify the prevalence of PTSD and associated events in adults who suffered displacement and are resettled in this city. 117 adults (n = 72 women; n = 45 men) who were victims of displacement participated. To evaluate the events associated with trauma, the Clinician Administered PTSD Scale CAPS and the PTSD Checklist PCL-C were used. Events occurred and witnessed by individuals were analyzed. The results showed that 26.49% of the sample met clinical criteria for PTSD. The results are consistent with the existing literature and establish a point of reference for future studies, as well as for the planning of projects and interventions focused on the mental health of this population. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Eleuthera is the property of Universidad de Caldas and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Cuestiones Políticas is the property of Revista Cuestiones Politicas and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Introduction and objectives. In many situations, such as confinement situations caused by the COVID-19 pandemic, it is not possible to administer psychological instruments in person, as originally contemplated in their development. However, the mode of administration can affect the psychometric properties of instrument scores. The PTSD Checklist (PCL) is one of the most widely used instruments for assessing the symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in person. This study is the first research that has analyzed and compared the factorial structure, the internal consistency, the validity of contrasted groups, the diagnostic validity, and the nomological validity of scores on the PCL administered in person and by telephone. Material and methods. The PCL was administered in both application modes to a sample of 634 victims of terrorism along with a structured diagnostic interview and measures of depression and anxiety. Results. Scores on both administration modes of the PCL have the same unifactorial structure, excellent indexes of internal consistency (alpha > .90) and very good indexes of diagnostic validity to identify the PTSD (AUC > .90), discriminate significantly and with large effect sizes ( d = 0.88--2.84) between victims with PTSD, with depressive or anxiety disorders and without disorders, and present significant and large correlations with measures of other constructs with which PTSD is closely related, namely depression and anxiety. Conclusions. The results suggest that the PCL can be administered over the telephone with the same psychometric guarantees as in person. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In 2020, it was suggested that the prevalence of symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) could be greater in individuals who have acquired COVID-19. The study aim was to investigate the prevalence of PTSD symptoms in the adult population following the beginning of the COVID-19 outbreak. Two groups participated; one comprising 441 adults (82% female; age: M = 36.89; SD = 11.93) and another comprising 182 adults (79% female; age: M = 48.1; SD= 0.8). Both groups completed an online questionnaire prepared by the authors to assess the prevalence of PTSD symptoms at 2 and 10 months following the start of the outbreak. A descriptive and parametric analysis was performed for the 2-month sample and ANCOVA and multiple linear regres-sion analysis were performed for the 10-month sample. No differences were found at 2 and 10 months; however, the results showed that there was a higher prevalence of PTSD symptoms in people with a history of COVID-19 and in adults younger than 40 years. The participation of mental health professionals will become of increasing relevance in the future to prevent and treat PTSD in the population with COVID-19. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: We investigated to understand post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) during the coronavirus epidemic, and related influential factors. We hoped to provide more basis for targeted services to improve public psychological health care. Methods: From the psychological aid platform set up by the Wuhan Mental Health Center, we obtained online sample data of Chinese residents during the coronavirus epidemic. We used the PTSD examination scale as the study tool and analyzed the data with SPSS. Results: A total of 376 data was collected. The PTSD degree of the public was 45.93 ± 17.32, the positive detection rate was 63.56%, and the PTSD level increased with fluctuation. Participants' gender, educational level, and location were the influential factors. Specifically, women, lower educational backgrounds, and people in Wuhan were more likely to have PTSD. Conclusions: The epidemic had a great impact on people's psychological status. Although the epidemic has basically been brought under control, PTSD levels have not declined. Therefore, it is necessary to provide timely psychological assistance for people in need, and help them adapt to life as soon as possible. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) is characterized by the presence of cognitive and mood symptoms after a traumatic emotional event or a current or perceived threat1. It is a disabling disease that is associated with anxiety, depression, substance use disorder (SUD), suicide, early death, and increased use of medical services2. Its relationship with Chronic Pain (CP) is documented, and there are series where up to 10% of patients with CP are diagnosed with PTSD3. Despite this clear relationship between PTSD and CP, few controlled studies have studied this relationship, and the description of this evidence is still in an incipient state5. The objective of our work is to present three clinical cases referred to our Pain Unit for various pain syndromes that presented a positive screening in the PTSD Checklist-Civilian Version (Table 1). All three patients had symptoms of years of evolution and had not been previously diagnosed with this disorder. In addition, they presented severe pain with severe interference in daily activities, catastrophic thoughts about pain, anxiety, depression, and two of them had a positive screening for central sensitization (see Table 2). With this we want to illustrate the difficulty of managing this population and the need for a multimodal and multidisciplinary approach. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction and objectives: The main objective of the present study was to develop, from the PTSD Checklist (PCL), a self-report measure of posttraumatic stress symptoms based on the ICD-11 symptomatic criteria for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Material and methods: Seven PCL items were selected to develop the PCL-ICD-11, and its psychometric properties were analyzed in a sample of 634 victims of terrorism who completed the specific version of the PCL (PCL-S) along with a structured diagnostic interview and measures of depression and anxiety. Results: The results indicate that the PCL-ICD-11 shows a unifactorial structure with good fit indices that is replicated in two subsamples of victims created randomly from the global sample. The PCL-ICD-11 shows excellent indices of internal consistency (α > .85) and very good indices of diagnostic validity to identify PTSD (AUC > .90 and kappa ≥ .75), discriminates significantly and with large effect sizes (d = 0.88 – 2.32) between victims with PTSD, victims with depressive or anxiety disorders and victims without disorders, presents significant and large correlations with measures of depression and anxiety, two constructs with which PTSD it is closely related, and shows a very high correlation of .95 with the complete PCL-S. Conclusions: The PCL-ICD-11 is a short version of the PCL-S that has good psychometric properties and can be useful to assess the presence and severity of PTSD symptoms from both the DSM and ICD-11 perspectives. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: The case of a 32-year-old military man diagnosed with acute stress disorder during his deployment to the area of operations in Afghanistan is presented. The symptoms manifested by the patient incapacitated him for the service. Objective: The therapeutic objective is to control the patient’s stress symptoms and to normalize their psychological condition, to achieve their full return to active duty. Material and Methods: Single case design, pre-post treatment. The instruments used for the diagnosis and post-treatment measure were the Adaptation Questionnaire 6RA, the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory and the Acute Stress Symptoms Scale. A short therapeutic program of 7 sessions was applied, based on psychoeducation, cognitive restructuring, training in relaxation techniques and live exposure. Results: The post-treatment evaluation shows a significant reduction in the symptoms of acute stress. The normalization of the patient’s psychological condition allowed him to return to work, completing the rest of the mission without incident. Conclusions: This paper shows the effectiveness of brief psychotherapies for the treatment of stress disorders in military operations abroad. These psychotherapies allow the military to maintain its operability and rejoin the military service as soon as possible. Pre-deployment preventive measures are essential for the military’s adaptation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: The increasing violence experienced in Mexico and the numerous losses caused by the current Covid 19 pandemic have led to an increase in patients with post-traumatic stress. Objective: To know the characteristics of post-traumatic stress disorder from a cognitive behavioral perspective and synthesize information on effective intervention techniques for psychotherapy in these patients. Methods: Intervention and theoretical studies carried out in Spain and Latin America in the period 2013-2020 were reviewed in the Medline, Lilacs and Scopus databases and in the Pubmed and scholar google search engines. The key words used in Spanish and English were "post-traumatic stress disorder, cognitive behavioral techniques in post-traumatic stress disorder, cognitive distortions in post-traumatic stress disorder, cognitive behavioral intervention in post-traumatic stress disorder". Results: An updated review is proposed and cognitive-behavioral techniques that have been useful in the treatment of patients with post-traumatic stress disorder are pointed out. Conclusions: The use of cognitive and behavioral techniques in the treatment of Post-traumatic stress disorder favors the reduction of dysfunctional thoughts associated with trauma and maladaptive behaviors. These techniques have been shown to be effective in the treatment of patients with posttraumatic stress. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A cross-sectional descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted, which proposed determining the association between gender violence and posttraumatic stress disorder in Peruvian women. The sample consisted of 105 women who were treated in the Division of Legal Medicine II of the province of Santa (Peru). For the collection of information, two instruments were used that were subject to validity and reliability, gender violence was measured by a questionnaire consisting of 20 items, and post-traumatic stress disorder by a questionnaire of 16 items. The results show that 56.2% of women attacked have mild violence and 61.9% have no symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder. Finally, a significant high association was found between gender violence and posttraumatic stress disorders. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The protocol on Psychological First Aid (PFA) establishes a number of actions to take on victims who are in the area of an event. Through these actions, the victims are assisted and helped to feel calm but not passive. Regarding the implementation of PFA in disaster situations, the type of decision-making, analytic or intuitive, could represent an important factor in the effectiveness of the actions of aid provided by volunteers in emer- gencies and disaster situations. Modifications of a PFA protocol are presented to apply to victims in the early stages of a disaster; these modifications are intended to clear the life-saving area for the rescuer and reduce the risk of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Starting from the premises of the original model of Farchi, known as the Model of the 6 Cs, a simplified version for its application in Argentina was denominated the Model of the 4 Cs. In the same way, it is considered that, when assisting a person in a situation of crisis or disaster, the objective is to promote the activity of the prefrontal cortex and decrease the action of the limbic system. To do this, four guidelines are proposed: 1) Cognitive Communication, 2) Control and Challenge, 3) Commitment and 4) Continuity. Likewise, a PFA protocol based on the above mentioned model is presented. An explanatory and cross-sectional study was carried out with the objective of analyzing the effectiveness and the decision times when providing a PFA in the initial phases of a disaster, depending on the style and decision process involved. An intentional non-probabilistic sample, composed of 165 rescue volunteers from 4 fire stations in the AMBA area (Metropolitan Area and Greater Buenos Aires) and a headquarters of the Red Cross of the party of Tigre (San Fernando), was randomly divided into 2 groups (trained and untrained in PFA). Each volunteer was evaluated through the Software of the First Aid Interactive Psychological System (SIPAPSI); this consisted of a simulation of different crisis situations during which the participants must decide between different options presented in audiovisual format. The user must select the video that most closely approximates to what he or she would do in the presented situation. Then, the rescuers were randomly divided with respect to the slogan about the decision-making process used in the evaluation ("decide based on what you think", rational, or "decide based on what you feel", affective). The software SIPAPSI recorded the participant's response and the response time for each scene. Likewise, each volunteer was evaluated using the test Bases for Urgent Decisions under Extreme Circumstances Inventory (BUDECI). The BUDECI is composed of 8 elements that evaluate the decision-making style in unexpected and very important situations according to two dimensions: affective and rational. Rescuers were divided according to their urgent decision-making style: affective or rational. Therefore, the volunteers were classified according to whether or not they presented an adjustment between the decision-making style and the decision-making process induced by the slogan. This allowed us to study the influence of this adjustment on the effectiveness and decision time in disaster situations. The results showed that the least effective and, at the same time, slowest were those trained rescuers with an urgent affective decision style but induced under an emotional process. The PFA training has enabled the acquisition of simple action strategies in emergencies and disaster situations. It is concluded that the rational decision-making style or a rational decision induction favors a greater effectiveness of the PFA actions. These results allow us to build an optimal decisional profile for the rescuer's performance in crisis intervention tasks. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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