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Copyright of Revista Interamericana de Psicología is the property of Sociedad Interamericana de Psicologia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Universum is the property of Instituto de Estudios Humanisticos Juan Ignacio Molina, Universidad de Talca and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The aim of this study was to analyze the sources of evidence of validity of the brief version of the Beck Hopelessness Scale (EDB-4) in Peruvian adults from the general population. Participants were selected by convenience sampling and inclusion criteria. A total of 567 adults living in Lima completed the EDB-4 and other psychological instruments. Internal structure was evaluated by confirmatory factor analysis and measurement invariance. Evidence was also analyzed in relation to other variables and internal consistency. The results indicate a unidimensional structure with adequate fit indices, acceptable reliability (ωBayes=.80 and H=.96), invariance according to sex and age, and evidence of relationship with suicidal ideation, insomnia and depression. Its use is recommended to assess hopelessness and to perform comparative analyses in sex and age groups in Peruvian adults of the general population. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Gerokomos is the property of Indemm Farma SL and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Psicooncologia is the property of Universidad Complutense de Madrid and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The objective of this work was to study the psychological impact of the pandemic COVID-19 and the national lockdown that took place in Spain during March and April 2020. We examined the prevalence of emotional distress, as well as protective and risk/vulnerability factors. A sample of 1,561 participants (aged 19 to 84 years) completed online the Coronavirus Psychological Impact Questionnaire (CIPC), the Intolerance of Uncertainty Scale-12, and the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule. Results show that many participants experienced high levels of emotional distress reflected through a 10-symptom distress profile in which worry, stress, hopelessness, sadness/depression and sleep problems predominated. We found some protective (age, income level, home garden, working outside the home), risk (media exposure, living with chronically ill and/or dependent persons, health worker) and vulnerability (sex, negative affect, intolerance of uncertainty) factors that significantly predicted the levels of distress. Negative affect and intolerance of uncertainty demonstrated to be strong predictors of distress. In addition, empirical evidence is provided on the validation of the Distress Emotional Scale of the CIPC. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article proposes an analysis of the novel Donde nadie me espere (2018) by Piedad Bonnett based on the paradigm of hopelessness that Álvaro Mutis proposed as a fundamental feature of modern literature. The article is divided into three parts. In the first one, is established the reading agreement proposed by the novel. In the second part, the characteristics of hopelessness are presented according to the model proposed by Mutis. And in the third part, the study of the figure of Gabriel --the protagonist of the novel-- is done according to its meeting points with the model of mutisian hopelessness. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Limite is the property of Universidad de Tarapaca, Departamento de Filosofia y Psicologia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Introduction. Suicide risk assessment remains a handicap for public health policies. Suicide is a major global public health problem. The most predictive behavior of completed suicide is prior suicide attempt. However, studies focused on risk factors have to date proved unsuccessful in reducing death by suicide rates. Aim. To adapt the Herth Hope Index and the Beck Hopelessness Scale as assessment tools for assessing hope and hopelessness to a Spanish clinical population having carried out a suicide attempt, and assess its structural validity and divergent validity. Methods. The sample comprised 682 people (62.4% female) aged between 18 and 77 years (M=39; SD=19.1) with previous suicide attempts who were administered the Herth Hope Index (HHI), the Beck Hopelessness Scale, and the CDRISC- 10 Resilience Scale. Results. The findings showed that the HHI had a two-dimensional structure that explains 71.2% of the variance, a high internal consistency (a=.97), and adequate divergent validity with hopelessness of -.77. And there are also important differences in hope according to the resilience level of the participants. Conclusion. The suicide risk should be assessed by preventive and clinical approaches. Hope modulates resilience to suicide attempts and a new short scale adapted to the Spanish clinical population is offered. This short tool is easy to use in emergency department settings and predicts the level of potential vulnerability to more serious future repeated attempts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Jealousy, hopelessness, and suicidal ideation are emotions that diminish the quality of life of those who suffer and are affected from them. As in the social imaginary prevails the idea that such problems are exacerbated in couples consisting of people with diverse sexual orientation, the relationship between these variables in a group composed of heterosexuals (79%) and non-heterosexuals (21%) was analyzed. The sample was composed of 288 Colombian participants over 18 years old. The methodological strategy used was transversal predictive. The instruments used were the CECLA, that evaluates jealousy classes in the Colombian population, and the hopelessness and suicide ideation inventory (IDIS). Regarding the relationship between sexual orientation and suicidal ideation, the results showed differences between heterosexuals and the other two groups (homosexual and bisexual) F = 10.49, p < 0.05. The post hoc test indicated differences between heterosexual and homosexual p < 0.05, and between heterosexual and bisexual p < 0. No statistically significant differences were found between sexual orientation and the variables jealousy and hopelessness. However, independently of the sexual orientation, a relationship was found between the triad jealousy - hopelessness - suicidal ideation, which is presented in a model of structural equations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The increase in suicidal behavior in adolescents at this time has directed attention to factors that can change young people's behavior and thus influencing suicidal tendencies. The objective is to identify the family structure of the adolescent, and its relationship in suicidal ideation, its causes and consequences, also identify the level of hopelessness and comparison by gender. A quantitative transverse study was conducted in 185 students in a high-risk secondary school. Three dimensions were explored, family structure, perception of suicidal ideation: Causes and consequences, and Beck's scale of hopelessness. The results indicate that men have significant differences in the level of hopelessness reported, the relationship with the father is associated with suicidal thinking and the relationship with the mother in seeing suicide as an outlet to the problems of the teenager. It is suggested to conduct studies at a greater depth in this population, and include variables Like gang membership, engaging in fights, parental education level and drug use, as well as perceived social support to relate the level of hopelessness to these risk factors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Suicide is considered a public health problem that has increased exponentially, so identify a population on suicide risk as well as associated factors, is essential for prevention in the adolescent population. This study analyzed the influence of self-esteem, hopelessness and sociodemographic factors affect the presence of suicidal risk in adolescents; for this, was worked with a total of 74 participants, men and women with an age range of 15 to 18 years, from a nonclinical population classified into two groups: with and without suicide risk, in equal number and characteristics of age and sex. The Scale of Suicidal Risk of Plutchik (1989; 1998), the scale of Self-Esteem of González-Arratia (2011) and the scale of Desesperanza de Córdoba, Rosales and Eguiluz (2005) were applied. It was found that exist a significant positive relationship between suicidal risk and hopelessness and inverse with self-esteem. Regarding the type of family, singleparent family participants scored higher in suicidal risk and in hopelessness. From the binary logistic regression model, it was obtained that the variable that predicts suicide risk is hopelessness, followed by self-esteem. No differences are reported between men and women in any of the evaluated variables. Therefore, it's concluded that hopelessness increases the probability of suicidal risk, that's why it's essential to include it in future empirical studies, as well as models of prevention and intervention in adolescents. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background. Internalized stigma has negative consequences on subjective and objective aspects of the recovery in people diagnosed with mental disorders. Despite its relevance, it has been poorly studied in patients with schizophrenia. Methods. A sample of 71 outpatients with a diagnosis of schizophrenia who attended Psychosocial Rehabilitation Centers of Gran Canaria, Spain, were evaluated. We assessed the prevalence of internalized stigma and its possible association with sociodemographic, clinical, psychological and psychopathological variables, as well as suicidal behaviour and suicidal ideation. Results. 21.1% of the patients had internalized stigma. Internalized stigma was associated with higher prevalence of suicidal ideation during the last year, higher number of suicide attempts, higher current suicidal risk, worse self-compassion, higher self-esteem, higher scores on depression, higher prevalence of depression and higher hopelessness. After multivariate analysis, hopelessness and the existence of depression were independently associated with internalized stigma, although depression showed trend towards significance. Conclusions. The association between internalized stigma and higher hopelessness, depression and higher suicidal risk suggests the necessity to systematically assess internalized stigma in patients with schizophrenia, and to intervene to reduce it. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista de Psicoterapia is the property of Revista de Psiquiatria y Psicologia Humanista, S.L. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Acta Universitaria is the property of Universidad de Guanajuato/Acta Universitaria and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Borderline personality disorder (BPD) is associated with high incidence of suicide. Positive thoughts and beliefs can act as buffers that protect people against eventual suicide, despite the existence of important risk factors for suicide. Several studies have found a strong relationship between low levels of meaning in life and suicide risk. The aim of this research is to analyze the mediating role of meaning in life in the relationship between the risk factor depression and hopelessness. 80 patients with BPD participated. The results indicate that the meaning of life showed partial mediation effect between depression and hopelessness, 61% of the total effect of depression on hopelessness was mediated by the meaning of life. The results of this study confirm the hypothesis and indicate that meaning in life is a buffering factor for the risk of suicide. This result emphasizes the importance of meaning in life in the assessment and treatment for patients with BPD. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Although hopelessness (h) is known to increase the risk of suicide (rs), this information had not been shown in a representative sample of psychiatric patients hospitalized in Santa Marta (Colombia). This study sought to describe the prevalence of rs and h, and find a link between them according to socio-demographic and clinical variables, in patients with psychiatric disorders. A cross-sectional, correlational descriptive study was conducted, evaluating 61 patients using the Plutchik Suicide Risk Scale, the Beck Hopelessness Scale, and a socio-demographic data survey. The results highlighted that 60.7% of the sample presented rs and 70.4% presented h. A significant correlation was found between rs and h, and also between rs and previous suicide attempts. No correlation was found between rs, h and socio-demographic and clinical variables. In conclusion, the higher the level of h, the higher rs in the study population. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

It has been reported that the impact of the continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) procedure in the patient's quality of life has profound psychosocial consequences for him and his family. This replacement of renal function supports survival but not a complete physical, emotional and social development. These aspects may be crucial to the success of treatment with CAPD for its positive or negative influence on patient adherence to this procedure. This study evaluated the degree of psychological maladjustment in CAPD patients, psychosocial variables, coping strategies and the impact on their quality of life. We interviewed 83 patients on CAPD (43 women and 40 men, mean age, 53.5 years, SD, 15.3), chosen for availability in a dialysis unit of a general hospital. Quality of life was inversely and significantly associated with depression, anxiety and loneliness. Spirituality based on a full relationship with life is inversely associated with depression, hopelessness, suicidal ideation, loneliness and death anxiety. Depression, hopelessness and loneliness were associated with a cognitive-dysfunctional coping style. The loneliness and suicidal ideation are associated with a emotional-aggressive coping style the perceived ability of giving and spirituality based on life are associated with positive cognitive coping. When comparing subjects with a high degree of psychological maladjustment, against a norm group, the subjects showed higher mean depression and hopelessness. The results are consistent with findings reported in other latitudes, demonstrating the need to implement intervention strategies aimed at reducing the risk of suicide and to create a better psychological adjustment to the situation of CAPD. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Juvenile violence has increased in our country in the last decades. Due to the high request for treatment registered in the Clinical Psychology Programme for Adolescents, Southern Branch, UBA (Chair: Prof. Dr. Susana Quiroga) a therapeutic-diagnostic device called Focused Therapy Groups- FTG has been created and developed. The main study comprised the outcome and the therapeutic process analysis of the FTG device in violent early adolescents diagnosed with Defiant Negative Disorder and Conduct Disorder. In this presentation only one of the components of this main study will be shown: the hopelessness evolution as a manifestation of the depression in violent adolescents. The outcome of the Hopelessness Scale - BHS showed that in the base-final comparison of the FTG device (N= 42) the adolescents with Defiant Negative Disorder (DND) and Conduct Disorder (CD) decrease their hopelessness significantly, regarding the Total score. In the base-final comparison of the FTG device by diagnosis (DND: 17; CD: 25), it was also observed that the patients with CD decrease the Total score and Factor 3: Future Expectations. No significant differences were observed in the comparison of the differences in the base measures of the samples of diagnosis, sex and age. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In recent years an increase in the use of the mobile phone and Internet with intimidating purposes or just with the aim of threatening the peers within the scholar context has been observed in our country. With the aim of providing data to be helpful for prevention, a survey study has been carried out in which information related to threatens through new communication media, particularly, Internet and the mobile phone, has been gathered. Results indicate that 23.3% of the compulsory secondary education students in state centres in the city of Girona (Catalonia) have received, during the scholar year, some message through the Internet or the mobile phone, which, according to the content, could be considered as threatening for the adolescents' well-being. The emotional consequences and the coping strategies used by these adolescents have also been analysed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Electronic Journal of Research in Educational Psychology is the property of Editorial of the University of Almeria (Spain) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Colombiana de Psiquiatria is the property of Asociacion Colombiana de Psiquiatria and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This paper shows that an optimistic explanatory style consisting of taking positive situations as permanent and global attributions and negative situations as temporary and specific attributions is related significantly to lower depressive symptoms. Implications of these results are discussed in the light of the reformulated model of learned helplessness (Abramson, Seligman y Teasdale, 1978) and the hopelessness theory (Abramson, Metalsky and Alloy, 1989). The paper also suggests taking into account new constructs that can be influential, such as explanatory flexibility, self-perceived control over stressful situations and the importance given to them. Girls show a more optimistic explanatory style in preadolescence and participants older than 10 score higher in depression. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background. The role of loss has been carefully examined in research on depression, since it constitutes a central aspect of most of the life events that lead to depression. Methods. In the present study, a review of different studies on the role of loss was carried out, focusing on its different aspects and different types, the association between loss and some mental diseases, loss and prognosis, the relationship between hopelessness and loss, variations of the events of loss based on different factors, as well as loss in childhood. Results. Loss constitutes a central role in the appearance of many depressive disorders. It can act as a provoking agent, a vulnerability factor, or an agent that can modify the form, severity, and course of a depressive disorder. Different factors such as genetics, gender, or the time of life when the loss takes place can modulate the influence of loss events. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this paper is to analyze the relationship between purpose in life and hopelessness in a sample of 302 subjects. Hypothesis declare that booth variables are significant, negative, associated. Purpose In Life Test (PIL; Crumbaugh & Maholick, 1969) and Hopelessness Scale (HS; Beck, Weissman, Lester & Trexler, 1974) are used. Statistical used are Pearson's correlation coefficient and Spearman's rho coefficient. Results (r= -0.550, p= 0.000; rs= -0.502, p= 0.000) support hypothesis: purpose in life is negatively associated to hopelessness. High level of purpose in life involve less hopelessness, and existential vacuum is associated to high level of hopelessness, statistically significant. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Excessive use of the Internet, defined by the number of hours spent surfing the web, can affect an adolescent's social life and school performance, and as a consequence, lead parents to seek psychological help. In order to know the level and characteristics of Internet use among adolescents, determine the psychological profile of excessive Internet use and create a model that can predict it, a study with a probabilistic sample of 359 adolescents (12-17 years old) from the city of Girona has been carried out. Personality (NEO-FFI), coping (ACS), hopelessness and Internet use have been evaluated. Among the subjects studied, 6.7% devote more than 30 hours a week to the Internet (more than four hours a day) and 10.2% remain connected after midnight (especially the boys). Surfing the Internet from one's own computer after midnight, coping by finding relief among other peers and feelings of hopelessness are the best indicators of elevated Internet use. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction. This study aimed to of identify the psychopathological profile of suicidal schizophrenic patients during a period of stability, thereby helping to define the trait aspect of these variables. Method. Consecutively admitted schizophrenic patients fulfilling criteria for «suicidal» and «non-suicidal» groups were assessed at baseline and one year later for sociodemographic, general clinical and psychopathological features, by the positive and negative subscales of the Positive and Negative Syndromes Scale (PANSS), Calgary Depression Scale, Beck Hopelessness Scale and Amador Insight Scale (first three items). Results. A total of 57 of 73 patients were available for re-evaluation. The suicidal group showed higher depression and hopelessness scores. Hopelessness and lower negative symptomatology identified most of the suicidal (66.7%) and non-suicidal (70%) patients. Hopelessness was the most important variable for identifying suicidality. Conclusions. Under conditions of illness stability, this profile complements the acute phase profiles identified by most studies in the literature, and should foster improved risk recognition for targeting preventive interventions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Psicooncologia is the property of Universidad Complutense de Madrid and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This paper describes a research study carried out with 709 psychology students from different universities from Nicaragua, El Salvador, Chile and Spain. Electoral participation of the students and its relationship with different variables such as sociodemographic characteristics, hopelessness, number of stressful life events, attitude towards politics and institutions, etc., were analyzed. Nationality, financial situation, interest about politics, gender or to be far from home predicts the electoral participation of the participants. But hopelessness is not an important variable to explain electoral participation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study we adapted the Adolescents Cognitive Style Questionnaire (ACSQ; Hankin & Abramson, 2002), which assesses a vulnerability attributional style to hopelessness depression. The ACSQ was completed by 924 adolescents together with measures of depression, behavior problems and stressful events. The results confirmed the factor structure of the ACSQ, which consisted of five dimensions (internality, stability, global, consequences, and self-focused attributions). The internal consistency and testretest coefficients were adequate for both the total scale and its subscales, except for the internality subscale. The ACSQ scores were positively associated with depressive symptoms, but not with behavior problems. Finally, we assessed whether, according to the Hopelessness Theory of Depression, hopelessness style moderated the association between stressors and symptoms. The results of a series of hierarchical regression analyses indicated that the diathesis-stress effect was evident only among girls, who, in addition, scored higher on the ACSQ. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

One current problem in Public Health relates to suicide and the identification of the risk factors needs to be clarified accurately. The bases of suicide involve complex multiple factors. In a high proportion of nations, mainly in industry-developing countries, suicide is placed among the first three causes of death in groups aged from 15 to 34 years. In Mexico, suicide represents the ninth cause of mortality, within a wide scale of age ranging from 15 to 64 years. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

La anhedonia, la desesperanza y los pensamientos automáticos se han relacionado con la presencia de depresión mayor y de síntomas depresivos. Objetivo. El propósito de este trabajo fue traducir al español y obtener las propiedades psicométricas de las escalas de desesperanza, de pensamientos automáticos, de anhedonia y de sintomatología depresiva para niños, así como determinar la relación entre estos constructos cognoscitivos y los síntomas depresivos en infantes normales. Método. Fueron evaluados niños de ambos sexos de tercero y sexto grado de primaria de la Escuela Primaria Federal «Fuerzas Armadas de México». Resultados. La muestra de estudio fue de 256 niños, 53% chicos y 46% chicas, con una edad promedio de 9,8 ± 1,15 años. Las consistencias internas de los instrumentos fueron, para la escala de anhedonia 0,91; para la de desesperanza 0,63; para la de pensamientos automáticos 0,87; y para la de síntomas de depresión 0,80. Las estructuras factoriales de los instrumentos fueron similares a las reportadas por sus autores originales. Las correlaciones entre los instrumentos variaron entre ­0,17 y 0,39. La escala de pensamientos automáticos y los síntomas depresivos mostraron la correlación más alta (r= 0,39). Se encontraron diferencias significativas entre grados escolares, con menores valores promedio a mayor escolaridad. Conclusión. Los instrumentos evaluados demostraron consistencia interna de mediana a alta y las estructuras factoriales que se había predicho. Los síntomas depresivos en población infantil normal se relacionan débil pero significativamente con los constructos cognoscitivos estudiados, tal y como se ha reportado en adultos normales. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]