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Copyright of Ciencia y Educación (2707-3378) is the property of Duanys Miguel Pena Lopez and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista de Psicoterapia is the property of Revista de Psiquiatria y Psicologia Humanista, S.L. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Internacional de Sociología is the property of Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Enfermería Investiga: Investigaciin, Vinculación, Docencia y Gestiin is the property of Revista Enfermeria Investiga and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This paper has two objectives: to analyse the mode of quantification of the prefixes, and to explain why only indefinite prefixes and universal ones can be degree modifiers. These prefixes can quantify the number of entities the base expresses (multitarea 'multi-task'), the argument of the base (multiadicción 'multi-addiction'), or the number of times a reality or condition takes place (bicampeón 'bi-champion'). Furthermore, indefinite prefixes and universal ones constitute scales, understood as gradable series with opposite poles, which makes them to function as degree modifiers (pluripoblado 'pluri-populated, very populated', omniconocido 'omni-known, well-known'). On the contrary, numeral prefixes establish ranks or non-gradable and unbounded series, a fact that disqualifies them as degree modifiers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Industrial systems are not isolated socioeconomic units, but while they retain a certain unity and delimitation, they are articulated by social relations that are defined on different spatial scales. However, the observation of the territorial structure of industrial systems is not simple or direct, since these scalar social relations overlap and combine. Different methods have been developed for the study of industrial systems, emphasizing their multiscalarity; however, the theoretical and methodological issue persists. This paper will seek to contribute to this question by analyzing the notion of territorial structure both from a theoretical-methodological point of view, as well as through the analysis of the matrix of origin and destination of inputs and products, estimated for those of the industrial systems of the Province of Santa Fe, Argentina. The article proposes a comprehensive point of view aimed at capturing the ways in which social relations, which operate on different scales, articulate the work of localized productive systems. An operationalization based on the observation of product and supply movements is proposed, in different spatial horizons, showing potential features of qualitatively different territorial structures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The objective of this research was to carry out a psychometric analysis using the version of the Ryff Psychological Well-Being Scale adapted for university students (Aranguren and Irrazabal, 2015) to find a better fit model. A sample of 1044 university students from Formosa (Argentina) was considered, being 24.9% men (n=260) and 75.1% women (n=784). This sample was randomly divided into two parts, the first one was used as a calibration sample and an Exploratory Factor Analysis was performed, obtaining a new model (Model 2) and the second was used as a validation sample and a Confirmatory Factor Analysis was performed. This last analysis confirmed the presence of three factors: (a) Autonomy, (b) Positive Relationships with Other People and (c) Competence and showed a better fit of Model 2 to the study population. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Pain is a very prevalent symptom in hospitalized patients; however, it is frequently underestimated, particularly in children and adolescents. When pain control is achieved, patients reduce their morbidity, facilitate recovery, and improve their quality of life. In the pediatric age, the evaluation and management of pain is a challenge for health professionals, because these patients are in a stage of development and there is difficulty in measuring pain. In the hospital setting, the evaluation, registration, treatment and monitoring of patients with pain are of great relevance. With the aim of improving the diagnosis and treatment of pain in pediatric patients, this review addresses information on the classification, physiology, epidemiology, diagnosis and treatment of pain. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Anemia affects thousands of children, and to reach a diagnosis, hemoglobin (Hb) is quantified. This technique however, is not always accessible to the general population. Therefore, the availability of a validated instrument can be useful in the diagnosis. The aim of this study was to validate a mobile application (APP), to diagnose anemia in children from 2 to 5 years old, applicable by parents or guardians. Scale validation study. Through a bibliographic search, items and domains related to anemia in children were collected. Once reduced, a pilot questionnaire was constructed with three pediatric hematologists. The result was later validated by 22 experts through the application of the Likert-type scales. The validated items were contrasted with the Hb of children of 267 children from 2 to 5 years of age from the Ecuadorian Andes (2,560 meters above sea level). The association of the items with Hb and with the results obtained was determined, and the APP was constructed. 14 items were analyzed. All of them scored above the median of the distribution (35.5 points) and were valued by at least 50 % of the experts. Palmar pallor, asthenia, and sleep at unusual hours were selected. All showed a significant association with anemia (p<0.05) and were applied as questions to parents or guardians and contrasted with the Hb value. Sensitivity and specificity for pallor was: 85.1 % and 85.0 %; asthenia: 72.3 % and 87.7 %; sleep at unusual hours: 68.1 % and 87.7 %; paleness plus fatigue or sleepiness: 95.7 % and 74.6 %; and weakness plus sleep: 92.5 % and 76.8 %. An APP for the diagnosis of anemia in children from 2 to 5 years old applicable by parents or guardians was developed and validated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Since infants are not able to express their feelings during the preverbal stage of development, neonatal pain rating scales are good tools for nurses to use in clinical practice. Objective: To describe valid and reliable scales used in nursing practice to assess neonatal pain. Materials and Methods: An integrative review of articles published since 1990 was conducted from 2019 to 2020. The databases consulted were PubMed, Lilacs, ProQuest, ScienceDirect, Embase, VHL, Scopus, and Google Scholar metasearch engine. Twenty-two articles that met the inclusion criteria were analyzed. Results: Unidimensional and multidimensional instruments were found for assessing acute and prolonged pain in preterm and term neonates. Discussion: This integrative review provides healthcare professionals, especially nurses, with a conceptual basis for implementing clinical pain assessment tools according to gestational age, duration of pain, and type of indicator. Conclusions: According to the knowledge and characteristics of the scales, it is not possible to clearly establish the most appropriate one for general use or a gold standard; the selection will depend on different criteria, such as the type of stimulus, gestational age, and the newborn's context. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Human Review is the property of Eagora Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Objective. To analyze the most frequently used self-report instruments to measure psychological wellbeing and reviewing their validity. Method. An analysis of the scientific literature included original articles on the psychometric analysis of self-report scales measuring psychological wellbeing and described the instrument and its validity. Databases searched included CONRICYT, Dialnet, Redalyc, SciELO and Scopus. A total of 1069 articles initially resulted, leaving seven final publications for analysis. Results. The results indicate that the studies examined the instruments' psychometric properties, and most of them reported acceptable reliability and validity, according to the established quality criteria. Discussion. All the instruments showed benefits and the seven scales are the most representative of the authors on psychological wellbeing. It cannot be established which is the best, since each scale was assessed on different populations, and their results depend on the correct adaptations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Novedades en Población is the property of Universidad de La Habana, Centro de Estudios Demograficos and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Universum is the property of Instituto de Estudios Humanisticos Juan Ignacio Molina, Universidad de Talca and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Didasc@lia: Didáctica y Educación is the property of Universitaria de Las Tunas, Centro de Estudios de Didactica and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Advances in Measuring Creativity in Latin America and Spain In more recent years, both the study of creativity, as well as its measurement have risen to prominence.The present work aims at identifying certain instruments developed in Latin America and Spain in order to assess creativity, and analyzing from which creative approach they are positioned, which dimensions they evaluate and the psychometric properties they obtain. Following the PRISMA guideline, eleven empirical studies that met the inclusion criteria were selected, extracted from the databases of ERIC, Scielo, Latindex, Science Direct, Scopus, Dialnet, Redalyc and Google Scholar. Results according to the objective of the research, it was found that the most used approaches to evaluate creativity were those of the person and of the processes. In general, the outcomes reveal that the measurement of creativity in Latin America and Spain still remains an issue. Research gaps and suggestions for future studies are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Resilience and social support enable the possible solution of perinatal bereavement. With the objective to determine the psychometric indexes of the Mexican Scale of Resilience (RESI-M) in women with perinatal loss and to establish the relation between resilience and social support within bereavement in an explanatory model, a cross-sectional study with 295 Mexican women in mourning was performed; they answered the RESI-M, the Scale of Network Quality and the Scale of Perinatal Grief. The psychometric indexes of the RESI-M were satisfactory, and the AFC showed acceptable levels of adjustment. The model explained 12% of the variance of active grief, with adequate adjustment indices; two resilient factors were significant predictors; support from family and friends, religious practice, and number of children predicted resilience. The role of these variables in the anticipation of complicated grief and the usefulness of RESI-M in clinical and research are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Panamerican Journal of Neuropsychology / Cuadernos de Neuropsicología is the property of Cuadernos de Neuropsicologia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The article analyzes the classifications assigned to the Strait of Magellan in the politicalterritorial configuration of the New World during the sixteenth century and related global dynamics happening at the time. The text is divided into three parts. The first is a theoretical reading of the historiographic problems and the temporalities surrounding the discovery of the Strait, which led to its identification as a "world-passage." The second examines the facts, actors and territorialities that consolidated it as a geopolitical reference point between 1520 and 1560. And, finally, the third studies the variations in its strategic importance in the period between 1560-1580, variations that reveal its role in delineating, synchronizing and speculating on a series of continental issues that affected simultaneously local and global spaces. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Gerokomos is the property of Indemm Farma SL and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Eutopía: Revista de Desarrollo Económico Territorial is the property of Eutopia: Revista de Desarrollo Economico Territorial and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Background: Lymphedema is a chronic, progressive and debilitating disease with a significant impact on patients' quality life. Multiple instruments and questionnaires have been carried out focused in results of the surgical treatment of lymphedema and their impact in quality of life, from the perspective of patients. One recently published, "Lymphedema Quality of Life Score (LeQOLiS), is a simple method to use in clinical practice, with an excellent physiopathological correlation of the disease. Aim: Linguistic validation and transcultural adaptation of Lymphedema Quality of Life Score, published in English originally. Materials and Method: The linguistic validation guidelines of the MAPI/TRUST Research institute were used and the survey was applied to six patients. Descriptive and analytical statistics were used. Results: Six female patients surveyed, mean age 49 ± 17 years and the mean body mass index was 27 ± 5 kg/m2. All the patients had a decrease in the total score in the postoperative period. Conclusions: The Lymphedema Quality of Life Score is a valid, reliable and reproducible instrument to objectively assess the impact of the surgical treatment of lymphedema in the quality of life. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

From reflection on the uses of observation scales in the Historiography, as of those proposed by Microhistory to the approaches of Global History, the text questions the ways in which historiographical narration has reconstructed different social processes --for instancethe development of the modern State, the rural exodus, industrialization and urbanization-- recovering thearguments that questions their necessary and universal character. This analytical exercise allows pointing out how the rescue of the discontinuities and mismatches between the different levels of historical matter constitutes a critical instrument against the simplifying evidence of the reality of the historical world. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Dilemas Contemporáneos: Educación, Política y Valores is the property of Dilemas Contemporaneos: Educacion, Politica y Valores and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Didasc@lia: Didáctica y Educación is the property of Universitaria de Las Tunas, Centro de Estudios de Didactica and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The article reviews the most relevant contributions on the construct of sexism. In particular, the theories of Masculinity and Femininity and the different contemporary models that have received more attention in the Spanish psychological literature are analyzed. In addition, the instruments generated as a result of their corresponding theories are discussed and a critical analysis of the most used instruments is carried out. Finally, a reflection is made on the current courses of the construct of sexism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this study was to adapt and conduct a psychometric analysis of Ryff's Scales of Psychological Well- Being in a nonprobability sample of Argentinean adolescents aged between 14 and 16 years. The Spanish adaptation by Díaz et al. (2006) of the 39 items version proposed by van Dierendonck (2004) was used. Two studies were conducted: the first (80 adolescents and 20 expert judges) consisted in the adjustment of 11 items and the response format of the Spanish version according to their degree of theoretical consistency, clarity, and linguistic difficulty for Argentina, while the second (825 adolescents) was an analysis of the psychometric properties (internal consistency and construct validity) of the resulting Scales. Exploratory factor analysis revealed 4 factors: (a) Self-Acceptance, (b) Personal Growth and Purpose in Life, (c) Autonomy, and (d) Positive Relationships With Others. Confirmatory factor analysis showed a satisfactory level of fit for the model, which makes it possible to conclude that the adapted 20-item Scales are appropriate for assessing the psychological well-being of Argentinean adolescents. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Ciência & Trópico (03042685) is the property of Fundacao Joaquim Nabuco and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The life of buildings over time and the phenomenon of obsolescence are clearly evident processes in the case of Valparaíso, Chile. Given the morphological characteristics and the associated ways of life, it is presumed that any rehabilitation action must take on a comprehensive approach by covering the material, functional, social and environmental dimensions. For the present study, exploratory research on how to improve this deterioration was carried out with the objective of developing a multiscale tool for characterizing problems and opportunities for sustainable architectural rehabilitation. Using a qualitative architectural analysis methodology, three potential areas for action were identified. Present in the "intermediate dimension," they make it possible to plan an intervention and include: the potential for comfort, the ability for socio-spatial self-regeneration, and the opportunity for revitalization. With different socio-spatial reconstruction instruments and theoretical support, obsolescence diagnostics were prepared taking into consideration the pre-existing conditions, which lead to the formulation of new interventions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective. To compare the psychometric characteristics of the Food Insecurity Experience Scale (FIES) and the grade of similitude or difference among Colombia, Guatemala, and Mexico during three years. Materials and methods. Psychometric comparison using the Rasch model to calculate the relative severity of each item in FIES, INFIT and contrast in the Differential Functioning of Items (c-DIF). Results. The majority of items showed a relative severity corresponding to the theoretical construct and acceptably fit the model (INFIT=0.7-1.3). No c-DIF above 1.0 logit was observed in the comparison men vs women. In the comparison among countries by year 87% of the items showed c-DIF below 0.5 logit. Conclusion. The FIES presents psychometric characteristics corresponding to the theoretical construct of the tool. Future studies with the inclusion of more countries and more time points are essential to evaluate the relative severity, behavior and distribution of items. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Social anomie is a theoretical concept with a clear sociological origin, specifically developed by Emile Durkheim (2003; 2013). Later, a series of works focused on the measurement of anomie through scales, within which the Srole and the McClosky and Schaar scales can be highlighted. In Colombia, there are previous investigations that have used the Srole scale, but there are only a few reports of its reliability indexes or internal structure. Thus, the objective of this research was to make an analysis of the reliability and internal structure of both scales for the Colombian population. With the participation of 181 Colombian citizens, who answered both scales by digital means, better confidence indexes in the scale of McClosky and Schaar and a structure of two factors in both scales were found. Similarly, comparisons were made by sociodemographic variables, finding differences between groups by their religious belief. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Fabry disease is one of the lysosomal storage diseases caused by deficiency of the enzyme alpha galactosidase acid. In childhood and adolescence, paroxysmal pain and acroparesthesias are characteristic. Objective: Report clinical characteristics, pain scale, level of IQ and quality of life in children with Fabry disease. Methods: The most frequent neurological manifestations were determined by clinical history and neurological examination of children with Fabry Disease receiving enzyme replacement therapy at the HG CMN La Raza, from January to May 2016. Brief Pain Inventory4, quality of life SF366 survey and Wechsler's scale of intelligence for children reviewed (WISC-R) Verbal Scale5 were applied. Results: We included 12 patients. Female gender (67%). Onset of neurological manifestations: male 6.25 years old and female 9.12 years old. Autonomic and sensitive neuropathy were the most frequent neurological manifestations. Nine patients presented neuropathic pain (75%), with pain improvement after treatment as reported by the parents in the clinical record. We found 3 patients with borderline IQ and 3 patients with IQ below normal, arithmetic most affected. Seven patients presented quality of life level of 51-60, with greater affectation in social function and body pain, a situation that has improved with the use of enzymatic therapy according to what was referred by the relatives. Conclusions: Enzyme replacement therapy produces improvement in pain scale, cognitive level and quality of life in children treated at IMSS, which is similar to that reported in international literature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Mexicana de Biodiversidad is the property of Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Instituto de Biologia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Facultad de Medicina de la Universidad Nacional de Colombia is the property of Universidad Nacional de Colombia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Background: Ataxias are an heterogeneous group of diseases with different etiologies. Scales are used to understand better its natural history and evaluate properly drug efficacy in clinical trials. SARA and ICARS scales have been the most studied and validated so far. BARS scale is based on a modified form of the ICARS scale and is valid, reliable and sufficiently fast for clinical purposes. Methods: Cross-sectional, descriptive and correlational study. Kruskall-Wallis test was used. We administered BARS to children from 4 to 18 years of age, with ataxic syndrome, without cognitive impairment, in active status, from February, 2007 to September, 2014, at the CRIT (Centro de Rehabilitación Infantil Teletón) from Chiapas, Mexico. Results: 14 children were included. The main BARS score was 17.9/30; 4H syndrome with the worst score was 27.6/30; ataxia telangiectasia 15.6/30; ataxic cerebral palsy 12/30; and others 16.1/30. Kruskall-Wallis test did not show a significant statistically difference when comparing the etiology with BARS score (p = 0.068). Conclusions: BARS items were an easy way to assess ataxic clinic in children; worse condition was found in neurodegenerative ataxias and better results in ataxic cerebral palsy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Nomadas (01217550) is the property of Universidad Central and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Colombiana de Psiquiatria is the property of Asociacion Colombiana de Psiquiatria and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista de Salud Pública is the property of Universidad Nacional de Colombia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Ciberrevista Enfermeriadeurgencias.com is the property of Sociedad Espanola de Enfermeria de Urgencias y Emergencias and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Although there are numerous available scales for psychological measurement, the differences among populations as well as the diversity of issues studied in health psychology, frequently requires constructing new scales. Unfortunately, the "rules of thumb" and traditional procedures used are, in many cases, inadequate. Several such procedures are ruled out by recent psychometrical evidence. In this review, an updated state of the art on scale construction procedures for psychological instruments is presented in the context of the nature of psychological measurement and the way it limits measurement procedures and scale construction. The present review includes methods to determine validity, reliability and standardized scores, with emphasis on their advantages, inconveniences, conditioning factors and basic references for their optimum use. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Dearq is the property of Universidad de los Andes and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Introduction: Same-sex marriage and adoption legalization constitute a growing and relatively new research field. Its study needs reliable and valid measures that allow to understand the society's perception about this new family order. Objective: Assess the psychometric properties of two scalesdevised to measure same-sex parenting attitudes: Attitudes toward Same-sex Families Scale (AFFH for its acronym in Spanish), and Scale on Beliefs about Children's Adjustment in Same-sex families (CANFH in Spanish). Methodology: AFFH scale is a 20- item measure designed to account for attitudes towards same-sex families. CANFH is a 14-item measure consisting of two scales, Individual Opposition (IO) and Normative Opposition (NO). Both are Likert scales with five response options (1. Strongly Agree to 5. Strongly Disagree). The CANFH was answered by 170 college students (78 (46%) males, 92 (54%) females; Average age: 18.4 SD 0.94), and the AFFH by 88 college students (35 (40%) males, 53 (60%) females, average age: 18.2 SD + 0.84). Results: AFFH items were organized into two factors that explained 46.14% of variance with a Cronbach's alpha of 0.91. CANFH items were grouped in a two factors structure that explained 65.49% of the variance (α = 0.94). Conclusions: CANFH and AFFH scales have adequate psychometric properties to measure Mexican college students' attitudes toward same-sex families and to assess the beliefs about children's adjustment in same-sex families. [Barragán-Pérez V, Berenzon-Gorn S, García-De la Torre GS, Lara-Muñoz MDC. Attitudes Towards Homoparentality: Psychometric Validation of two Scales in a Sample of Mexican Students. MedUNAB 2016; 19(2): 85- 94]. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Emotional sensitivity is defined as the capacity that individuals have to quickly identify emotions, both own and others, as well as the ability to react to the emotions expressed by others. This is relevant when it comes to the training of future physicians. We explored the emotional sensitivity of 163 (34,17%) medical students at the start of the race, with emotional sensitivity scale (ESE) already validated in the country. There were limitations in terms of available time of the subjects to answer the questions of the instrument. Young people showed scores media for negative egocentric sensitivity (41%) cases (P<0,05) and also for the emotional distance (44%)(p=>0.05), and values a bit higher (57%) in the positive Interpersonal sensitivity (P<0,05). It is concluded that students in the sample investigated, had negative egocentric sensitivity lower-middle, and middle high scores on positive Interpersonal sensitivity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Collective housing projects influence the urban fabric through a multi-scale system of spaces that softens the boundaries between public life -the street- and private life -the house. Large cities in developing countries are subject to constant political transformations and exponential population growth. This paper analyses collective housing projects in Guayaquil, a colonial port and the largest city in Ecuador. These projects were built during a specific period when numerous state-funded housing programs were undertaken according to an idea of urban development different from the current model. This research analyzes the transformations in the collective spaces of these social housing projects as a response to social segregation and spatial fragmentation dynamics caused by an increased loss of sense of community. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study evaluates a new methodological procedure for "micro-sociometric" analysis of gender relationship patterns in the adolescent students, which is analyzed using Multiple Correspondence Analysis (MCA). The purpose of the study is to develop and assessment of the Gender Relationship Preferences Scale (GRPS), in order to obtain valid and reliable data to recognize the willingness of the young (girls and boys) to interact with their peers; and to determine whether the relationships established between them are conditioned by the gender differential socialization proposed by patriarchy (Bosch, Ferrer & Alzamora, 2006; Lagarde, 1996; Lomas, 2007; Lorente, 2007; Rodríguez-Mosquera, 2011; Simón, 2010; Tomé & Tonucci, 2013). The sample size is 6000 cases, adolescent students, of whom 50.8% are women and 49.2% are men, with a mean age of 13.82 years. The construct validity is tested and it has obtained a high reliability (Cronbach's alpha = .92) for the determining the allocation of roles and gender stereotypes in the classroom, what it is obtained while considering the "social distance" and elective structure of boys and girls in classrooms. Maps "micro-sociometric", obtained with MCA, facilitates the interpretation of the results, which are consistent with other theoretical approaches, identifying the "social distance" between people, categories and both genders. The results highlight relational activities showing very marked gender patterns such as sharing clothing or choosing a couple, and the relational behaviors associated with inter-intra gender differentiation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: Suck dysfunction in breastfeeding infants has an impact on their appropriate nutrition. The objective was to build and validate one clinical nutritional sucking scale in the components of sucking, swallowing, and respiration. Methods: The scale was carried out in two phases: face-validity and psychometric validity. The first was done by expert consensus. For the second phase, 179 infants (153 healthy newborn and 26 infant less than 6 month of age) and 86 infants with high risk for abnormal sucking were evaluated with the new scale. Three observers evaluated all patients during their feeding. With an initial scale of 10 items we calculated the interobserver concordance and the internal consistence. With an analysis of the mail components and a discrimination index we reduced to pertinent items. Each component of the scale was compared with clinical variables. Results: We reached a 7 items scale, which showed high reliability (Cronbach's alpha of 0.77 and inter-observer concordance of 0.98. The suck component correlated positively with the ingested volume (Ro = 0.61), the swallow component with the peripheral oxygen saturation (Ro = 0.24), and the breath component with the respiratory frequency (Ro = 0.50). With this scale, we can establish different patterns of sucking abnormalities related with history of neurological abnormalities, hemodynamic alteration and immaturity. Conclusions: In this study the clinical nutritional scale showed to be reliable and valid for its use in sucking problems classification. More studies are required to evaluate its application for oral stimulation therapies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To adapt the Graded Chronic Pain Scale for use in Primary care patients in Spain, and to assess its psychometric properties. Methods: Clinical measures observational study investigating the severity of chronic pain. The methodology included a process of translation and back-translation following the international guidelines. Study participants were 75 patients who experienced lower back pain for more than six months and were sent to Primary Care physiotherapy units. Internal consistency, construct validity, test-retest reliability, floor and ceiling effects, and answering capacity were analysed. Results: The Spanish version of the Graded Chronic Pain Scale had a high internal consistency, with a Cronbach's alpha of 0.87 and intraclass correlation coefficient of 0.81. Regarding construct validity, it was identified that two factors explained 72.37% of the variance. Convergent validity showed a moderate positive correlation with the Visual Analogue Scale, the activity avoidance subscale of the Tampa Scale of Kinesophobia, the Pain Catastrophizing Scale, the Roland-Morris Low Back Pain and Disability Questionnaire, and the FearAvoidance Beliefs Questionnaire. A moderate negative correlation was identified with the Chronic Pain Self-Efficacy Scale. The mean time of questionnaire administration was 2 minutes and 28 seconds. Conclusions: The Spanish version of the Graded Chronic Pain Scale appears to be a valid, reliable, and useful tool for measuring chronic pain at an early stage in Primary Care settings in Spain. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The warmth is a subjective phenomenon, fundamental in human relationships. The warmth is contagious, so may be a factor favoring care, but there is no consensus on its definition and domains. Since warmth is a predictor of user satisfaction, it is relevant to use an appropriate way to measure it; however, there have not been found ways to measure it, which motivated this revision. The three-stage procedure of Luiz Pasquali was used to do that, which considers Theoretical, Empirical and Analytical phases. This paper presents the results of the first theoretical phase: behaviors associated with warmth previously identified in the literature. Objectives: To identify behaviors that represent the warmth of the Nurse by reviewing specialized literature, and to operationalize the construct warmth and related variables. Method: Integrative literature review that included the exploration and analysis of the evidence on warmth, which corresponds to the first stage of the research project entitled: Construction and validation of a scale for measuring this warmth in Nursing, which aims to build and validate a scale to measure this phenomenon. This work corresponds to the Theoretical Phase of Pascuali's model. Definition of warmth was revised by using dictionaries and technical articles from various repositories. The descriptors used were "warmth" and "warmth and nursing" in Spanish and English. To define the construct and its variables, the Ethel Bauzer's procedures and Floyd Fowler's method were also considered to supplement the Pascuali's model. Results: Formulation of the construct Warmth in Nursing which includes, 2 domains, 28 verbal variables, 9 nonverbal variables and 93 behaviors. Conclusions: The results of the theoretical phase of the applied model, allowed to formulate the construct domains and variables of Warmth in Nursing. These contributions are of interest for the management of nursing care and teaching, as are directly related to user satisfaction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The main objective of this text is to introduce the concept of civility geography as a proposal to analyze weaves and in situ strategies on how local populations (Colombian, in this the case) have faced and avoided the consequences of the armed conflict through dicoursive positions and real acts of civility and dignity. To materialize it, the conceptualization and ethnography of "scenarios", "strategies", "weaves", and "scales" will be used. In terms of the methodology, a comparison will be made between two ways of looking for the civility: one based on the proxemic system, modalities of knowledge and cultural representations, while the other approaches to a political perspective. To obtain the information along the project, open interviews, active and passive direct observation recorded in a field diary, pictures, filming, conceptual cartography to assemble narratives and perspectives, and finally to SIG cartography were used. Information analysis was made with the Nvivo and HyperRESEARCH software. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]