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Subarachnoid hemorrhage secondary to intracranial aneurysm is a disease with high morbidity and mortality. 50% of survivors develop long-term cognitive dysfunctions and never return to their previous state, despite advances in diagnosis and treatment of subarachnoid homorragia (HSA), therapeutics and interventions are still limited and the clinical results remain disappointing. Diagnosis of HSA; scan is performed with the location of the aneurysm and cerebral angiography. Vasospasm and rebleeding are the main complications. Cerebral angiography is the gold standard for diagnosing vasospasm. The angiographic vasospasm identified in about 60% of patients causes neurological deficit. The transcranial Doppler has been used with varying success as a noninvasive and repeatable sure to identify and quantify the method vasospasm. The serial measurements are most useful for predicting the development of spasm while isolated measures often have poor clinical or angiographic correlation. Through this study diagnostic methods be revised: angiography and transcranial Doppler through resultdos to be taken from the clinical records of critically ill patients in order to diagnose cerebral vasospasm. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Introduction: Transcranial Doppler (TCD) is an essential test for vasospasm monitoring in Subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). Objective: To describe the results of TCD examination in a cohort of good grades SAH patients managed in Stroke Unit. Methods: From a total of 204 patients with spontaneous SAH admitted to Stroke Unit, 155 were selected for the study, because they had a contrasted neurovascular investigation, as well as TCD follow-up examination. Disease severity was evaluated with Fisher's scale and World Federation of Neurological Surgeon scale. Results: The men age was 48.4 years, there was a female predominance and the majority of patients had aneurismal etiology. Angiographic vasospasm was present in 21.9% of cases, anterior cerebral arteries was the most affected vessel. Temporal windows were not useful in 14.8% of cases. The highest values of mean flow velocity were detected between the days nine and ten. There was an inverse relationship between flow velocity and age. Symptomatic vasospasm occurred in patients with the highest velocities on TCD examination and vasospasm was detected on the contrasted neurovascular investigation. Conclusions: The absence of temporal window limits the utility of TCD examination. TCD match with neurovascular investigations in more than 60% of cases. In patients with cerebral infarcts secondary to symptomatic vasospasm the mean flow velocity was above 150 cm/s in middle cerebral artery and above 90 cm/s in anterior cerebral artery. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Transcranial Doppler (TCD) is an essential test for vasospasm monitoring in Subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). Objective: To describe the results of TCD examination in a cohort of good grades SAH patients managed in Stroke Unit. Methods: From a total of 204 patients with spontaneous SAH admitted to Stroke Unit, 155 were selected for the study, because they had a contrasted neurovascular investigation, as well as TCD follow-up examination. Disease severity was evaluated with Fisher's scale and World Federation of Neurological Surgeon scale. Results: The men age was 48.4 years, there was a female predominance and the majority of patients had aneurismal etiology. Angiographic vasospasm was present in 21.9% of cases, anterior cerebral arteries was the most affected vessel. Temporal windows were not useful in 14.8% of cases. The highest values of mean flow velocity were detected between the days nine and ten. There was an inverse relationship between flow velocity and age. Symptomatic vasospasm occurred in patients with the highest velocities on TCD examination and vasospasm was detected on the contrasted neurovascular investigation. Conclusions: The absence of temporal window limits the utility of TCD examination. TCD match with neurovascular investigations in more than 60% of cases. In patients with cerebral infarcts secondary to symptomatic vasospasm the mean flow velocity was above 150 cm/s in middle cerebral artery and above 90 cm/s in anterior cerebral artery. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Raynaud's phenomenon is a disorder with vasospasm of the peripherical arteries or arterioles, causing pallor, cianosis and rubor. It may be primary, where it is not associated with other diseases, or secondary to several diseases, including autoimmune diseases, certain drugs as ergotamine or chemotherapeutic agents including bleomycin, vibration exposure, extrinsic vascular obstruction, and hyperviscosity states. Raynaud's phenomenon is often mild enough to not require treatment; however, with secondary cases where there is not only vasospasm but also blood vessel defects, patients might present severe ischemia, ulcers and gangrene. That is the reason why patients need a treatment that enhances vasodilatation, reduces vasoconstriction and endothelial injury, and inhibits platelet aggregation. Pharmacological treatments include: calcium channel blockers, vasodilators, prostaglandins, phosphodiesterase inhibitors, sympatholytics, rho-kinase inhibitors, anticoagulation, antithrombotic and antioxidants agents. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]