Fenómeno de Raynaud.

Raynaud's phenomenon is a disorder with vasospasm of the peripherical arteries or arterioles, causing pallor, cianosis and rubor. It may be primary, where it is not associated with other diseases, or secondary to several diseases, including autoimmune diseases, certain drugs as ergotamine or chemotherapeutic agents including bleomycin, vibration exposure, extrinsic vascular obstruction, and hyperviscosity states. Raynaud's phenomenon is often mild enough to not require treatment; however, with secondary cases where there is not only vasospasm but also blood vessel defects, patients might present severe ischemia, ulcers and gangrene. That is the reason why patients need a treatment that enhances vasodilatation, reduces vasoconstriction and endothelial injury, and inhibits platelet aggregation. Pharmacological treatments include: calcium channel blockers, vasodilators, prostaglandins, phosphodiesterase inhibitors, sympatholytics, rho-kinase inhibitors, anticoagulation, antithrombotic and antioxidants agents. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]