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Copyright of Tecnología y Ciencias del Agua is the property of Instituto Mexicano de Tecnologia del Agua (IMTA) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Escritos is the property of Escritos and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Academia & Derecho is the property of Universidad Libre - Seccional Cucuta and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Memorias is the property of Fundacion Universidad del Norte and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Dilemas Contemporáneos: Educación, Política y Valores is the property of Dilemas Contemporaneos: Educacion, Politica y Valores and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Nueva Revista del Pacífico is the property of Universidad de Playa Ancha de Ciencias de la Educacion and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The study of the functioning of the high Andean ecosystems is of great importance since any change will influence the entire basin. However, knowledge of these environments is still limited. Therefore, we sought to determine the effect of seasonality on the macrobenthos assemblage of a high Andean River and to determine the limnological, geomorphological, and hydrologicalhydraulic variables that most influence it. In the El Salto River, located 4,500 meters above sea level, in high Andean environments in southern Peru, macrobenthos was collected in 2020 in 11 hydro morphological units, recording limnological variables (dissolved oxygen, saturation percentage, conductivity, TSD, temperature, pH, turbidity and SS), geomorphological (granulometry) and hydrological-hydraulic (flow, velocity, depth, channel width) in dry and wet seasons. The principal component analysis (PCA) of the physicochemical variables showed that the flow rate, conductivity, pH, and total dissolved solids explained the greatest variability of the data (70 %). The predominance of boulders and silt was found. The number of species and density were higher in the dry season than in the wet season. However, the diversity, richness, and equity were higher in the wet season. The ordination analysis (nMDS, stress=0.09) showed a different structure of the macrobenthic assemblage between both seasons. It is concluded that seasonality, given by various factors, mainly flow rate and flow velocity, determine variations in the macrobenthos assemblage, confirming the drastic changes to which these high Andean ecosystems with extreme climates are subjected. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Tecnología y Ciencias del Agua is the property of Instituto Mexicano de Tecnologia del Agua (IMTA) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Introduction: The San Lorenzo reservoir is one of the six reservoirs found in the department of Antioquia for power generation purposes; It receives the waters of the Nare, Nusito and San Lorenzo rivers as main tributaries. Objective: to determine the evolution of water quality through the evaluation of physicochemical, microbiological parameters and the water quality index (ICACOSU) of the three rivers associated with the San Lorenzo reservoir; in addition to the influence of the ENSO phenomena on it, in the period 2010-2018. Materials and Methods: a physicochemical monitoring program was carried out in the periods of drought, rain and transition, for eight years. Through statistical analysis of main components, analysis of variance and multiple regressions, the most relevant variables and the significant differences between the rivers studied were established. Additionally, the behavior and evolution of ICACOSU during the 8 years of interest was established. Results: The physicochemical variables presented few variations during the 9 years of study. In the same way, it was possible to determine that the evaluated rivers presented an appropriate water quality for the maintenance of aquatic life. Additionally, the ENSO weather pattern did not have a significant influence on the behavior of the physicochemical studied. In this sense, the dissolved oxygen levels were high, the solids in solution low and COD low. These results show that the Nusito, Nare and San Lorenzo rivers present adequate environments for the good ecological development of the aquatic system. Conclusion: the Water Quality Index (ICACOSU) classified the aquatic environments with good and excellent quality for the 9-year follow-up. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Mundo Agrario is the property of Universidad Nacional de La Plata and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The human being is one of the main actors of environmental pollution; however, the lack of awareness has brought with it different factors that directly affect the earth. The purpose of this research is to analyze the social impact of transmedia narratives in the face of mining contamination of rivers in southern Ecuador. Among the results, in Ecuador, there have been more than 1,128 cases of diseases caused by mining contamination in rivers, but thanks to transmedia journalism it has been possible to influence man's responsibility with the environment Abstract in English. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This work describes the ichthyofauna of Escaba Dam, its tributaries and drainage river (Sali-Dulce River Basin, Tucuman Province), based on specimens collected during 33 seasonal samplings between 2009-2016 over 13 sampling stations. Biodiversity, conservation and ichthyofauna management is studied here. The creation of a Protected Area is proposed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Avances en Ciencias e Ingeniería is the property of Avances en Ciencias e Ingenieria and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Mercury (Hg) pollution from mining activities influence fishing resources, which are important for human populations' nutrition. The aim of this research was to explore MeHg (methylmercury) concentrations in Prochilodus magdalenae (bocachico) and Hoplias malabaricus (moncholo) in freshwater habitats of the Mojana region and in the Bajo Cauca river (Northern Colombia), which have been affected by gold mining activities. A total of 160 individuals were collected, 130 in the exposed group: Mojana 1 (36), Mojana 2 (56) and El Bajo Cauca (38); and 30 individuals in the control group (Cereté). After fish sampling, MeHg determinations were done by direct analysis with a Direct Mercury Analyser DMA 80, liquid chromatography, and atomic absorption spectrometry. The results show that MeHg found in the dorsal muscle tissue is significantly higher than in the control group (p < 0.05), the Bajo Cauca region being the most affected due to the high concentrations of MeHg. The results show that the presence of MeHg in fish may be related to gold mining activities, which are widely developed in the area. The toxic concentrations found represent a risk to human health. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Ingeniería del Agua is the property of Universidad Politecnica de Valencia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Quaderns de Recerca en Urbanisme is the property of Grup d'Investigacio en Urbanisme and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Acta Zoologica Lilloana is the property of Fundacion Miguel Lillo and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The article focuses on historiographic study of the interrelation between the city of Puebla, Mexico and the San Francisco River and economic and geographical integrity of Nation. It mentions how does the San Francisco river, one of the most important urban spaces and one of the main resources for the local economy at different times. It also mentions Rivers are referents symbolic and resources for social reproduction, they are pathways of communication, and transport of people.

The present study evaluated the removal of As from water samples from two rivers and two effluents from gold processing plants in the mining area of Camilo Ponce Enriquez, through the treatment of rizofiltration with blue grass (dactylis glomerata). This species was previously selected for its 96% As removal capacity in synthetic solutions. For the study, concentrations of As of 0,12 and 0,27 mg.L-1 were used, for samples of the Siete and Chico rivers, and 0,14 and 0,24 mg.L-1, for effluents of two gold processing plants, respectively. After the fourth day of treatment by rizofiltration, the concentration of As already had values below the maximum permissible limit established in the Ecuadorian environmental regulations (0,05 and 0,1 mg.L-1) that correspond to 80% removal. Likewise, it was determined that more than 70% of the As contained in the species accumulates in the root, this due to the retention of the metalloid in wall cell as well as the complexation of the phytochelatins in the cellular vacuole of the plant. From the results obtained at the laboratory scale, a pilot test is carried out in an artificial wetland with 5 L of effluent samples, achieving a 98% removal of As on the second day of treatment, the efficiency of the process was increased due to the interaction of the root of the blue grass with the wetland substrate. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Ingeniería del Agua is the property of Universidad Politecnica de Valencia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Montes is the property of Colegio y Asociación de Ingenieros de Montes and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The great strategic and geopolitic value of the Roman city of Iulia Libica was the fact that the urbs was placed in the most important passage of the Oriental Pyrenees, more than 1,220 m high, and near the Segre river, in Hispania Citerioris. Architecturally we can speak about the decorative programm of the forum and its temple. Dating from Augustean or Tiberian fundation, its most splendorous period was along the I-IIth centuries A.D. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Se realizó un análisis de la cuenca del río Tirgua ubicada en la cordillera de la Costa, combinando los enfoques hidrogeográfico y de paisajes hidrológicos. Se partió de la estimación automatizada de descriptores geomorfométricos de forma, relieve y drenaje de las distintas subcuencas, los cuales fueron sometidos a un análisis estadístico para lograr su diferenciación espacial. Utilizando métodos de interpolación espacial, se estudió el comportamiento de la precipitación, temperatura y la evapotranspiración (etp); se estimaron los caudales de las subcuencas por medio de un método indirecto y se hizo un análisis espacial de las tipologías de uso de la tierra en relación con la dinámica hidrológica. El Análisis de Componentes Principales (acp) permitió una diferenciación intrínseca de cuatro grupos de subcuencas, explicada mayormente por parámetros de forma y de relieve. Por su parte, la respuesta hidrológica de las subcuencas es mayormente explicada por su ubicación relativa dentro de la cuenca, el relieve y la dinámica interna de los elementos del clima. La combinación de ambos enfoques resultó de gran utilidad en el estudio de cuencas con escasez de datos sistemáticos. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The reproductive biology of the Bocachico, Prochilodus magdalenae, in the San Jorge River, Colombia, was studied. The species is a fish with sexual proportion female: male of 1.2:1, different than expected. It presents synchronous ovocitary development in two groups, an annual spawning that extends from April to September associated to the hydrological cycle of the San Jorge River, length at first maturity estimated in 30.2 cm TL, large oocytes of 950 μm, and average fecundity of 109 972 oocytes, whose equation was F = 7271,6 OW0,60, r = 0,93, n = 14. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The information gathered by the first exploration of La Plata River (1527- 1529) was capital for its transformation into an attractive conquest object, as it was presumed rich in precious metals. After almost a century, when that experience became a historiographical matter, the cronista mayor Antonio de Herrera y Tordesillas based his version of those facts on an obscure archive document produced on that seminal instance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of ZARCH: Journal of Interdisciplinary Studies in Architecture & Urbanism is the property of Universidad de Zaragoza and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Avances is the property of Instituto de Informacion Cientifica y Tecnologica and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Introduction: Fragmentation of allochthonous material by aquatic insects is a functional process that has been little studied in Colombian rivers. One of the most abundant shredder genus in American tropical stream ecosystems is the caddisfly genus Phylloicus (Calamoceratidae). Objective: in this study we evaluate the effect of chemical (nitrogen, phosphorus and lignin) and physical (toughness) attributes of leaves of three dominant tree species (Ficus tonduzii, Zygia longifolia and Clusia multiflora) in the riverine area of the middle section of the Gaira river, on leaf preferences and larval growth of a species of Phylloicus. Methods: multiple food selection field experiments were performed, in which experimental chambers were located in the river for twenty-one days. For the assessment of leaf quality, leaves were collected in the river, dried and pulverized to perform chemical analyzes. Results: there were no significant differences in lignin and phosphorous percentages between the leaves of the three species, but nitrogen content and leaf toughness differed among them. The leaves of C. multiflora were softer (180.1± 53.9 g) than those of F. tonduzii (285.3 ± 88.4 g) and Z. longifolia (232.3 ± 60.8 g), but without differences between the last two species. The Z. longifolia leaves also had more nitrogen (1.9 ± 0.0%) than those of the other species (1 ± 0.0%). Regarding leaf selection, Phylloicus sp. larvae used in greater proportion the leaves of C. multiflora. Although lignin and phosphorous differences were not significant, the leaves of C. multiflora had lower toughness, which could make them more palatable for Phylloicus sp. On the other hand, the daily specific growth of the larvae was higher when they used leaves of F. tonduzii. Conclusions: our findings seem to indicate that the most preferred leaves were not necessarily those of better nutritional quality and suggest that leaf toughness was the most important variable in the selection of leaf litter by the larvae of Phylloicus sp. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista del Museo de Antropología is the property of Museo de Antropologia - IDACOR and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Introduction: The change in the original land cover and the consequent erosion, are common problems in the Conchos river basin, with a direct impact for more than 1.3 million inhabitants. The problem is accentuated with excessive logging, wildfires and overexploitation and contamination of surface and underground water. Likewise, according to climate change forecasts, loss of biodiversity and modification of the hydrological regime in this important water producing basin are expected. Method: The evaluation was carried out with the ERDAS Imagine V 2014 software, the spatial potential soil loss was generated with the Universal Soil Loss Equation (USLE) and the spatial runoff was quantified using the Official Mexican Standar NOM-011-CNA-2000. Results: A reduction was detected on the forest and grassland zones, and an increase of agriculture and scrub surface in the Conchos river watershed. The soil loss presented a variable behavior, the class with more loss of soil was from 0.02 to 0.008 tm ha-1 for the years 1980 and 2000, and an increase of 0.01 for 2018, the maximum spatial runoff volume was to 348.35 M m3 for 1980, and a reduction of 137.36 M m3 for the year 2000 and a significant increase of 743.08 M m3 for the year 2018. Discussion or Conclusion The use of climatic information from assimilated data, allowed to detect spatially the processes of soil loss and surface runoff volumes, being the year 2018 the most susceptible to soil erosion with 1689.15 hectares (has) affected, and with an average runoff volume of 379.17 M m3. According to the hydrograph in certain years, high rainfall does not require large volumes, because they are in situ readings, however through the present study the affected areas were detected spatially where the change in land use and rainfall affect the conditions, which will allow better control and conservation of natural resources. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The following paper analyses the marginal clitic la in unaccusative structures of River Plate Spanish. We attempt to explain the occurrence of this pronoun with a subgroup of existentialpresentational and scalar change verbs (Masullo 2014), which comprise multi-point scale verbs (e.g. adelgazarla, empeorarla, mejorarla), two-point scale verbs (e.g. morirla, pirarla, palmarla), and verbs of directed motion and change of location (e.g. aparecerla, llegarla, volverla). Based on the main tenets of Distributed Morphology (Halle & Marantz 1993, and subsequent work), we set out to demonstrate that this is a productive and compositional phenomenon in this variety of Spanish. We propose that this accusative clitic-which combines with unaccusative predicates-is a morphological or post-syntactic clitic (Pujalte & Saab 2012), in that it is an expletive-like element not present in the syntactic derivation and inserted at PF. We argue that la is an allomorph of Ø and that these two exponents compete with the anticausative clitic se to lexicalise different features associated with Voice°. The data analysed in this variety of River Plate Spanish offer evidence in favor of the hypothesis that the absence of se in unmarked anticausative structures should not be equated to the absence of structure, but to the presence of a null morpheme Ø in Voice°. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The dry forests of the Patía River, in the Departments of Cauca and Nariño, are some of the most degraded and highly vulnerable ecosystems facing climate change in Colombia, and they are considered high priority areas for conservation. We identified aquatic and semiaquatic heteropterans (Nepomorpha and Gerromorpha) that inhabit the aquatic ecosystems in these dry forests, based on literature and on the PSO-CZ Entomological Collection. There were 27 species: Gerromorpha, 21 species and Nepomorpha, 6 species. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Manuscrits: Revista d'Historia Moderna is the property of Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Trashumante. Revista Americana de Historia Social is the property of Universidad de Antioquia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista de Historia (07169108) is the property of Universidad de Concepcion and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of eHumanista is the property of Professor Antonio Cortijo-Ocana and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Cuadernos de Investigación Filológica is the property of Universidad de la Rioja, Servicio de Publicaciones and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Introduction: Describing biodiversity patterns and the underlying drivers is relevant for tackling the rampant pressures on tropical freshwaters. This is particularly relevant in scarcely studied regions, such as in the Colombian Guiana shield. Objective: To describe the taxonomic and functional structure of macroinvertebrate communities and assess their variability across spatial and temporal scales. Methods: We sampled the invertebrate communities in four streams during the dry seasons of 2017 and 2018. Additionally, we assessed diversity patterns within and among streams and between different sampling months in one stream. To assess diversity patterns, we compared alpha (differences in taxon richness and abundance within communities) and beta (differences in taxon composition among communities) diversity patterns among and within rivers. Alpha diversity was estimated using the numbers of Hill, while beta diversity was estimated using the Sørensen and Morisita-Horn indices and compared using a similarities analysis (ANOSIM). Results: The taxon composition of the communities was different within (mesohabitat scale) and among streams (regional scale). However, the composition of FFGs changed among but not within streams. The comparison of the numbers of Hill and the taxon composition suggested that the mesohabitat type is a determining factor of the taxonomic but not FFG diversity across scales. At the temporal scale, alpha diversity was low for months with high precipitation (February-April) and high for the dry season (January). The temporal beta diversity was high among sampling periods, being nestedness processes driving beta diversity among years and turnover processes driving beta diversity within years. Conclusion: Streams from Serranía de la Lindosa host a high diversity of freshwater macroinvertebrates. Seasonality and differences in the in-stream habitat heterogeneity seem to determine the diversity patterns observed at different temporal and spatial scales. A deeper study is needed to understand the functioning of these ecosystems and improve the ability to generate management and conservation strategies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The main objective of this work is to characterize the geomorphology of the Mezcalapa river sub-basin in the Grijalva Usumacinta hydrological region in southeastern Mexico using Geographic Information Systems (GIS) and morphometric parameters with the purpose of analyzing and understanding the morphodynamic and hydrological behavior of this sub-basin. Although the results obtained are explained the hydro-morphometric behavior in the sub-basin, the hydrological and sedimentological characteristics of the Mezcalapa river are defined by the operation policy of the Peñitas dam. This research seeks to contribute and strengthen local knowledge, as well as favor decision-making on issues of territorial planning, civil protection, infrastructure, and public policies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Question (1669-6581) is the property of Universidad Nacional de La Plata and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista del Museo de Antropología is the property of Museo de Antropologia - IDACOR and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

From the perspective of classifying the pixação --a brazilian tag graffiti-- as an environmental crime, the article contrasts this practice with the historical processes of exclusionary urbanization and attacks on the environment established in the city of São Paulo, Brazil. It is shown, for example, that in spite of the fact that the city has rectified and ravaged its rivers and that almost a thousand people a year die in their transit along them, the pixação continues to be considered the city's main environmental problem. Thus, based on the discussions on biopower and necropolitics, the pixação is presented as a possibility of life experience that is shaped within the landscape of a city whose operation consists of segregating and deciding who can live and who must die or be brutalized. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

From the current state of historiography, the article presents the sources and observables for the study of the commerce and merchants of the Río de la Plata, from the creation of the Viceroyalty of the River Plate to the formation of the United Provinces, that is, between the crisis of the Spanish Empire in South America and the creation of independent States in the region. Through a description of the available sources and their characteristics, he presents the methodological foundations for the construction of an outlook that we currently have of the issue. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This document presents the design of a community Early Warning System (SAT), focused on small and medium-sized rivers. These small bodies of water, generally in Colombia, are not monitored by the state hydrometereological surveillance entity. However, during the rainy season (March-April and October-November) they have the greatest effects on the communities located around their watersheds. The design of the system is based on the analysis of the behavior of rivers near the area of study (Tobia-Cundinamarca), the performance of hydraulic simulations (Ras-MAPPER and HecRAS®), the determination of areas of constant flooding, and subsequently the possible areas of location of the SAT system, which allow safe times for the evacuation of the population. It is concluded that the proposed methodology for small and medium-sized rivers, as well as the design of the community SAT system can be implemented and adapted to any zone that may be exposed to floods or other types of natural events. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista de la Academia Colombiana de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales is the property of Academia Colombiana de Ciencias Exactas, Fisicas y Naturales and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista de la Academia Colombiana de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales is the property of Academia Colombiana de Ciencias Exactas, Fisicas y Naturales and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista de la Academia Colombiana de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales is the property of Academia Colombiana de Ciencias Exactas, Fisicas y Naturales and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

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The article reports that flooding episode in the Navarrese rivers in December 2019. It notes that there was an episode of very widespread and persistent rainfall in the northern third of the Community of Navarra. It adds that the channels of the rivers Ega, Larraun, Arakil, Ultzama, Erro, Urrobi, Irati, Salazar, Esca, Arga and Aragon reached maximum values ​​in their flows and corresponding levels to return periods between 2 and 10 years. It adds that river flooding is due to several factors.

Dams are built to provide energy, to act as water reservoirs for human and animal consumption, and to water cultivated fields; for those reasons, it is of high importance to assess their water quality periodically. This research diagnosed the quality of water of the Quimbo Dam by using the Simplified Index of Water Quality (SIWQ), which contemplates the measure of dissolved oxygen (DO), conductivity, temperature, Chemical demand of oxygen (QDO) and total suspended solids (TSS). Samples were taken in seven different points along the dam, and four points on rivers that tribute their waters to the dam, during field trips from May until October, 2017. In the same way, in each point, samples were taken at different depths (0.1, 5.0, and 10.0 meters). The obtained results from the analysis of physicochemical parameters described above showed that in average the water quality of Quimbo Dam is in a good condition, with potential for fishing and recreational activities; it is not apt for human consumption without conventional treatment; on the other hand, the water from the tributaries showed medium quality, specially Guandinosa stream which presented the lowest value of SIWQ (35.2), classified as useful only for recreation, water for cultivated fields and industrial activities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]