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The objective of this study was to evaluate the in vitro antagonistic capacity of a strain of Clonostachys sp. against five species of phytopathogenic fungi. It was found that Clonostachys sp. showed distinctive characteristics in its interaction with the studied fungi, such as the production of conidial masses and a different mycelial morphology. In addition, a variation in the invasion speed of each evaluated fungus was recorded. These findings suggest that Clonostachys sp. could be a good candidate for the biological control of fungi causing diseases in economically important crops. [Extracted from the article]

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Copyright of Kepes is the property of Universidad de Caldas and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Pasajes: Revista de Pensamiento Contemporáneo is the property of Publicacions Universitat de Valencia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Index: Revista de Arte Contemporaneo is the property of Pontificia Universidad Catolica del Ecuador and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of CULCyT: Cultura Científica y Tecnológica is the property of Cultura Cientifica y Tecnologia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Peru, a biodiverse country that demands significant volumes of food to meet human nutritional needs, is in political and social uncertainty, since the indicators of food security and malnutrition of a segment of the population are above the thresholds of a country developing. For this reason, this research analyzes the potential of the country to improve food security indicators, using in a planned and sustainable manner the immense biological natural resources that lie in its territory. A conceptual-hermeneutical analysis of the experiences in food, nutrition and health programs generated by state governance and private interest groups in the last two decades to achieve the reduction of food insecurity indices is carried out. A comprehensive and binding political management of nutritional indicators recommended by the WHO is proposed, which includes mass production and the sustainable agro-industrial treatment of the indigenous superfoods of the Peruvian territory. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: To analyze the relationship between the quality of employment in original equipment automotive assembly plants (called OEM) in Mexico and the stages or waves of industrialization. In particular, the salary categories and contractual social benefits in the 25 currently existing mass production plants are analyzed. Methodological design: A database was created with various data sources and, using the Kruskal Wallis test, we sought to find a significant association between the quality of employment and the establishment period. The relationship between these two dimensions is established from the analysis of variables related to salary and social benefits extracted from the collective bargaining contracts of these companies in 2019. Results: Salaries and contractual social benefits are lower the fewer years the companies have been established in Mexico. Research limitations: High heterogeneity and dispersion of information in collective bargaining agreements and low availability of company-specific data. Findings: Measured in terms of salaries and contractual social benefits, a deterioration in the quality of employment in companies is observed in accordance with the next wave of industrialization of the sector. This deterioration can be attributed to the decreased level of commitment of the unions that represent workers in this type of companies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Papeles de Europa is the property of Universidad Complutense de Madrid and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The first Covid-19 case was identified in Mexico in February 2020. Health authorities promoted non-pharmacological prevention measures to counteract the progress of the epidemic and, at the end of the year, they announced the application of the first vaccines in the country. Globally and locally, vaccines marked a milestone, positioning themselves as "magic bullets"; nevertheless, they faced several difficulties such as mass production, distribution logistics, variable effectiveness, phased implementation that prioritized vulnerable groups, rejection and low risk perception by certain groups in the population. The emphasis on population-based preventive measures or "social shields" was eventually diluted with the arrival of new vaccines. This essay highlights the importance of maintaining "social shields" as key preventive measures complementary to vaccines, since "magic bullets", on their own, present challenges that could compromise their effectiveness. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

L'Architecture Vivante was a French magazine that pioneered in disseminating the productions of the architectural avant-gardes of the early twentieth century. Today with the passage of time, it has become a relevant historical and cultural document. Its editorial expression is the outcome of different semantic variables that came together, although not without conflict. These include the meanings emanating from the editorial decisions made by Jean Badovici, the implicitness in the semantic frameworks that were characteristic of Ediciones Morancé's editorial design, and the contributions of the published oeuvres. Following the methodology used in cultural studies, we will examine these variables as part of a broad cultural context and interpret them from a standpoint of controversy with the reorganization of mass production processes and the integration of marketing in design, aimed at adapting cultural productions to a consumption situation. The analysis will show that, although L'Architecture Vivante aligns itself to some extent with the discursive constructs and editorial encodings that sought to determine and contain the meaning of those searches, it also challenges them, in a way that it still preserves a critical value today. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In their work "Growth and Artificial Intelligence: the challenges of living between Detroit and Bombay", authors Fanelli and Albrieu analyze the implications of artificial intelligence (AI) on economic growth and compare its effects in countries with different levels of development, represented by the models of Detroit (USA) and Bombay (India). The "Detroit Capitalism" was characterized by mass production, stable labor relations, a welfare state, and routine jobs, supported by an educational system and an institutional framework. On the other hand, "Bombay Capitalism" is characterized by informality, duality, segmentation, and weak social cohesion. The authors affirm that the impact of AI will depend on the predominant model in each country and propose policies to ensure an equitable distribution of the benefits of technology. This study is relevant in the current global context and is essential reading for those interested in the challenges and opportunities presented by the AI era. [Extracted from the article]

Copyright of ESTOA: Revista de la Facultad de Arquitectura y Urbanismo de la Universidad de Cuenca is the property of ESTOA Revista de la Facultad de Arquitectura y Urbanismo de la Universidad de Cuenca and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista de la Asociacion Aragonesa de Criticos de Arte is the property of Asociacion Aragonesa de Criticos de Arte and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Técnica Industrial: Revista Cuatrimestral de Ingeniería, Industria e Innovación is the property of Fundacion Tecnica Industrial and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Gestión y Ambiente is the property of Universidad Nacional de Colombia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This article presents an analysis of the production of mass media discourses and representations of middle-class women in times of structural change. Its goal is to fill the existing gap in the literature about the socioeconomic and political crisis of 2001-2002 in Argentina in relation to middle class media and the media. It conducts a content analysis of the magazine Para Ti between 1995 and 2008 and it pays attention to the magazine's representations of 1) the relation between women, public space and politics, and 2) food consumption. I show how, despite some adjustments to the socioeconomic and political changes, women's representations continued to be rooted in traditional models of femininity and domesticity. Thus, the magazine reinforced «class» as a fundamental category of identity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Micropropagation could be used as a viable alternative in the mass production of Handroanthus heptaphyllus (Vell.) Mattos (white lapacho). The objective of the present work was to establish in vitro of nodal segments of H. heptaphyllus. The nodal segments were taken from young plants kept in nurseries to which preventive treatments with fungicides were applied. The explants were disinfected with Sodium Hypochlorite (NaClO) which was tested at 5 or 10% for 5 min. Subsequently, it were placed in Murashige and Skoog culture medium. Live, contaminated or necrotic explants were quantified weekly until 35 days of culture. The results demonstrated the presence of microbial contaminants in the explants subjected to the two treatments. The incidence in the explants disinfected with 10% NaOCl did not exceed 45%, while with 5% it reached 70%. However, with the highest concentration there were losses of 35% due to necrosis of the explants and a survival of 20%. The use of nodal segments of young plants of white H. heptaphylus allows its in vitro establishment as a first step for the micropropagation of this species. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The pottery tradition in Ichimay Wari, Lurín, Peru is analyzed and described, with the aim of proposing actions that allow its safeguarding; based on the research «Analysis of the impact of mass production on the ceramic tradition of the Ichimay Wari community, Lurín, 2018» (Cáceres, 2019). The results confirm the importance of maintaining the ceramic tradition as it is part of the intangible cultural heritage and at the same time, it is important as a symbol of cultural identity. Since ceramics is a cultural product, it is necessary to consider certain aspects that allow its commercialization, giving it the value it deserves in the market without neglecting its identity value and the importance of each of the pieces for the artisan. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This work was carried out in the Plant Protection Laboratory at the Agronomy Faculty of the Agrarian University of La Habana and its objective was to evaluate mass production and conservation of isolate Ma-005 belonging to the entomopathogenic fungus Metarhizium anisopliae (Metsch.) Sorokin, which was obtained from a soil sample of the "El Guayabal" property, in the municipality of San José de las Lajas, using the insect bait technique. In this study, it was evaluated: biomass production in liquid culture media, production of conidia in solid substrates and conidia conservation in different oils. The greatest biomass production was reached when the molasses-yeast ratio in the substrate was 10:30 or 20:30 g L-1 with an incubation time of 72 h. Among the evaluated solid substrates, rice and sorgo were the most favorable for conidia production. All used oils kept the conidia viability over the 70 % for six months. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Extreme drought or rainy seasons affect the efficiency in the stockbreeding systems whose forage production is based on the grass monoculture. These species are more vulnerable to the extreme climate conditions, which requires looking for alternative plants with higher resistance to these conditions. This work studied the Cratylia argentea performance in forage banks used in degraded soils with high amounts of agrochemicals in areas of tropical rainforest. The study took one year and was conducted in the estate Matapantano, located in Yopal, Casanare (Colombia). The effect on the physical-chemical properties and macrofauna in this soil, the green forage and dry mass production, the leaf-stalk relationship, the nutritional quality of both fractions (leaf-stalk) and the whole plant were studied. A random design and the software Infostat® were used for the descriptive statistics and the non-parametric variance analysis. The soil showed increases in the contents of minerals, organic mass, organic carbon and macrofauna. Differences were observed in the dry mass production from the plant fractions (p < 0.0001), in the dry mass production between cuts (p < 0.0001) and in the leaf-stalk relationship (p < 0.0001). The forage showed a good nutritional quality and the leaves were the fraction with best quality. C. argentea resisted the extreme changes in the climate conditions. It is concluded that the studied species has a good potential for the recovery of degraded soils with intense use of agrochemicals as it produced good quality forage to feed animals in stockbreeding systems, even in the drought season. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In competitive markets, flexibility is a key requirement to compete, group technology allows you to obtain this flexibility at a low cost, because it combines the advantages of mass production with the advantages of production by workshops This paper aims to Create a methodology that integrates the plans of: plant configuration, capacity and production, evaluating multiple criteria to select the grouping alternatives with better results. The methodology has five stages: creation of product families, configuration of plant, capacity and production, estimation of performance measures and process of hierarchical analysis. A consistent methodology is achieved regarding the sensitivity of the AHP evaluation of the performance measures, the individual variations in the criteria of the candidate configurations do not modify the decision found (configuration to be selected). The main conclusion, it is possible to address the problem of cell formation considering an approach in which the problem is broken down into less complex sub-problems and thus include multiple grouping criteria at the time oriented to the environment where the methodology is applied. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Tecnología y Ciencias del Agua is the property of Instituto Mexicano de Tecnologia del Agua (IMTA) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This work was carried out in the Plant Protection Laboratory at the Agronomy Faculty of the Agrarian University of La Habana and its objective was to evaluate mass production and conservation of isolate Ma-005 belonging to the entomopathogenic fungus Metarhizium anisopliae (Metsch.) Sorokin, which was obtained from a soil sample of the "El Guayabal" property, in the municipality of San José de las Lajas, using the insect bait technique. In this study, it was evaluated: biomass production in liquid culture media, production of conidia in solid substrates and conidia conservation in different oils. The greatest biomass production was reached when the molasses-yeast ratio in the substrate was 10:30 or 20:30 g L-1 with an incubation time of 72 h. Among the evaluated solid substrates, rice and sorgo were the most favorable for conidia production. All used oils kept the conidia viability over the 70 % for six months. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article refers to the results obtained through the observation that was carried out --in the year 2017-- concerning the changes that the artisanal work in Santa Clara del Cobre, Michoacan., underwent throughout the previous twenty years. Throughout this period, in which the craft workshops and the families that operated them initially occupied part of the courtyards of houses, was transformed to the present reality whereby these same people have become part of large companies. Currently, these workshops manufacture copper pieces on a large scale in order to serve the international market, above all, that of the usa. The said transformation has thus transcended the actual definition of the worker himself, who was previously a copper craftsman, but who is now given the status of a skilled worker within a workforce renumerated through the salaried factory system. Through the use of a variety of machinery, including cutters, lathes, planing machines and cutting torches, they manufacture hundreds of pieces per month; as a result, the said products have also been transformed from what were once traditional handcrafts, which --through their manual production-- possessed the characteristic of being unique and unrepeatable. Nowadays, some of these workshops employ over 50 workers, including supervisors, turners and welders, and have actually increased copper production throughout the region, though this has meant the gradual disappearance of independent craftsmen, individual creativity and the disappearance of the 'unique' piece. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of OHM: Obradoiro de Historia Moderna is the property of Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, Servicio de Publicaciones and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Zephyrus is the property of Ediciones Universidad de Salamanca and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This paper presents the design of a Heuristic Method to Balance Assembly Lines with Ergonomic considerations, which is based on the combination of traditional balance lines theoriesand two methods of ergonomic evaluation, the "REBA" method and the Multitasking Rating of Physical Load, whereby a balance between the time variable and biomechanical is achieved in the same tool, which is an innovative method since at present these two aspects are evaluated separately. This is done through a multi-objective function that values parameters of production capacity, leisure and risk level of skeletal muscle in the solutions generated by the algorithm.With the design of the heuristic method a range of appropriate solutions is obtained that provide a balance between productivity and worker health, with this group of solutions, the most adequate to the requirements and needs is selected, according to the experience of the persons responsible for making decisions in the organization. The developed method, due to its generic structure can be implemented in any assembly line fitting the data for each specific case. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of DYNA - Ingeniería e Industria is the property of Publicaciones Dyna SL and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Comprehension of the basic aspects of entomopathogenic fungi development and detailed knowledge of nutritious requirements for their growth and sporulation are fundamental for mass production and commercialization. The objective of this study was to evaluate the production of blastospores in submerged culture medium and of conidia in biphasic culture of four native isolates and a B. bassiana strain showing potential for the control of Diaphorina citri (Hemiptera: Liviidae), which belong to the collection of the FCB-UANL Institute of Biotechnology, México. The experimental design was completely randomized and means were compared using Tukey test (p£0.05). In the liquid culture medium formulated with glucose and casamino acids, at 72 h, blastospore production had the highest (p£0.05) concentration for GHA strain (2.20×10-8 mL-1) and biomass of 26 gL-1, while the HIB-4 isolate showed the lowest blastospore production (p£0.05) (5.25×107 m L-1) and biomass of 7 g L-1. Isolate HIB-2 had 56 % germination in diatomaceous earth for support, being the highest value among the studied fungi. In solid hase (rice grain), at 14 d of incubation, HIB-4 isolate presented a production of 1.82×109 conidia g-1, and GHA strain producted was 2.35×108 conidia g-1. Viability was higher than 90 % for all fungi during 4 weeks of storing at 4 °C. Thus, it is feasible produce blastospores and conidia of native isolates of B. bassiana with the potential of controlling pests which affect the citrus-growing regions of México. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Working Papers on Operations Management is the property of Editorial UPV and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Entornos is the property of Editorial Universidad Surcolombiana and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The development of a cholesterol amperometric biosensor in planar configuration is presented. The device is constructed by screen printing processes that are compatible with automated production methods. The electrochemical transducer incorporates tetracyanoquinodimethane, TCNQ, as mediator in order to reduce the work potential and minimize interferences. The biosensor presents an interval of lineal answer of 2-12 mM with a limit of detection of 1.56 mM, requiring a volume of sample of only 7.2 µL. Its characteristics make it adequate for the analysis of cholesterol in blood serum and foods. The designed cholesterol amperometric biosensor demonstrates that without major technical or economic resources it is possible to develop biosensors with response characteristics competitive and compatible with mass production. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The isolate Ma-002 of Metarhizium anisopliae (Metsch) Sorokin, obtained from soils in the locality of Santa Gertrudis in Chihuahua State, Mexico, was used with the objective of mass producing this fungus by a biphasic method. A liquid medium with yeast extract (20 g.L-1), sucrose (20 g.L-1) and tap water were used for the first phase. It was inoculated with a conidia suspension with a concentration of 5 x 106 conidia.mL-1 and the formation of propagules by the fungus was evaluated every 12 hours. Whole rice was used for the solid phase, which was inoculated with the mixture of the culture medium and propagules obtained in the liquid phase. The isolate Ma-002 was capable of producing a high yield of propagules (higher than 107 propagules.mL-1) in a fermentation process with a liquid medium based on sucrose and yeast extract in 60 hours, obtaining the material to inoculate the solid substrate in the biphasic process. In the solid phase, a yield of 109 conidia.g-1 of rice was achieved after 12 days of incubation. These results showed that the conidia production by the isolate Ma-002 of M. anisopliae using the biphasic method can be applied, with a reduction of the total time of the process and the space used. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The isolate Nr-003 of Nomuraea rileyi (Farlow) Samson from the Crop Protection Laboratory of the Agronomy Faculty, Agrarian University of Havana, was used with the objective of mass producing this fungus bu using the biphasic method. In the first phase the following liquid media were used: molasses-yeast extract, molasses- torula yeast, yeast extract, torula yeast and molasses. They all were inoculated with a conidial suspension at a concentration of 3,5 x 107 conidia.mL-1 and incubated with agitation at room temperature and the biomass produced (g.L-1, dry weight) evaluated three days after inoculation. In addition, the production of airborne conidia was evaluated in three variants of precooked rice; in an autoclave at 121°C for 12 minutes; in a pan with 300 mL of water per kilogram of rice and coking until drying; and submerging the rice in boiling water for five minutes. The fungus produced biomass in all the liquid media; however, the highest value was obtained in the variant with molasses-yeast extract, which yielded 11,67 g.L-1 of dry biomass. The highest amount of conidia were obtained when the rice was precooked in boiling water (1010 conidia.g-1 of rice), in comparison with the variant where the cereal was autoclaved (109 conidia.g¹ of rice). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

La necesidad de atender e intentar resolver los problemas que afectan la calidad de vida de los actuales habitantes del planeta, sin omprometer la posibilidad de que las futuras generaciones puedan disponer de recursos para enfrentar los suyos, es una referencia directa a la modificación del medio ambiente natural, actividad inherente a los arquitectos e ingenieros. Es un enfoque de carácter multifocal, que implica aspectos tecnológicos, políticos, sociales, económicos, ecológicos y éticos. En este artículo se desarrollan un conjunto de conceptos, problemas y estrategias que permiten definir las características que se aspira detenten las edificaciones para el logro de una mayor sostenibilidad o ecoeficiencia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Based on a theoretical-practical study rooted in an analysis of documents, interviews, and direct observation, the economic and political strategies of large food companies in Venezuela are explored. These strategies include horizontal collaboration strategies to concentrate capital, control the market, and reduce labor costs; hierarchical cooperation strategies that make labor relations more flexible through subcontracting systems; aggressive strategies against other companies, which eventually eliminate employment opportunities; technological-organizational strategies to achieve mass production, reduce labor costs, and assure control of workers; the lockout or employer's strike as a strategy of political struggle designed to change the orientation of the Bolivarian government, whose consequences were the elimination of employment sources, drastic reduction of mass consumption products, and the bankruptcy of small businesses; and finally, the process of constructing new relationships between companies and the State, which facilitates the generation of new employment sources. Conclusions are that these business strategies embody the quest for control and power by large economic groups over small businesses, consumers, and workers and represent the tension between short-term economic interests and long-term political interests. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this article is to analyze the value of the experience and expertise of assembly-line workers. For many decades, It has been thought that this value is high and that product quality and the productivity of the workers is due to the repetitive nature of their activities. However, the potential value that could be created on the basis of repetition could find itself up against worker resistance. The hypothesis has been analyzed using two assembly lines. The first of these did not require specialized workers, but the second one did. The conclusion reached is that if we change expert workers for others who are less skilled, product defects would only increase when the jobs require the worker to be highly specialized. The value of experience would not lead to improving product quality but to the workers being able to perform their job more comfortably and easily. Therefore, assembly line management needs to review the seniority and specialization incentives, because workers prefer to use the value of their experience for achieving greater levels of ease and comfort rather than improving the quality or productivity of the company. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Estudios Sociológicos is the property of El Colegio de Mexico AC and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Mass production of plants from elite varieties throughout somatic embryogenesis is a priority for sugarcane industry in the world. However, despite its success, there is an important limiting factor, which lies with the progressive loss over time of the embryogenic potential of calluses. The cryopreservation techniques emerge as unique solution which allows their conservation for the long-term with their embryogenic potential intact. Before using cryopreservation as an additional tool in the overall conservation strategy for any plant material, it is essential to study that the cryopreservation protocol developed does not have any destabilizing effect. In the case of sugarcane, to our knowledge, the effect of cryopreservation on the structural and functional integrity of cell membranes has never been performed on embryogenic calluses from cryopreserved material. In this work, the evolution of electrolyte leakage, malondialdehyde and cell membrane protein contents was measured during 5 days after cryopreservation. Differences between control and frozen calluses were observed only during the first 2 (electrolyte leakage) or 3 days (malondialdehyde and membrane protein content) after freezing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Triticale, which had never been tested before in Cuba. This scientific note is about a triticale cultivar selected in Cuba and its characteristics (INCA TT-7), selected out of a collection lines from the International Center for Maize and Wheat Improvement (CIMMYT). Is tolerant to Helminthosporium sativum, as well as, Septoria (S. tritici) and leaf rust resistant (P. triticina). In addition, it is appreciated by its high crop yield, and its grain and fodder dry mass production. Triticale had a good adaptation to the western and central parts of the island, where it was tested; and it was selected for extensive studies under productive conditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]