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El objetivo es analizar cómo el texto fundacional y el reglamento de la Biblioteca Pública de Buenos Aires interpelaron a los usuarios y cuál fue la reacción del público una vez que la institución abrió sus puertas. Por lo tanto, se rastreó la tensión entre un paradigma bibliotecológico que apelaba al fomento del saber y al bien público como objetivo institucional y las demandas de los usuarios por el horario restringido de la biblioteca. Se analizaron desde la historia de la cultura impresa las representaciones de la lectura y de la sociabilidad letrada al leer la correspondencia entre Bernardino Rivadavia y Luis José de Chorroarín, el reglamento de la Biblioteca Pública de Buenos Aires y los periódicos porteños. Se concluyó que la negativa en ampliar el horario de atención al público conspiró con el acceso a la biblioteca de los empleados. The objective is to analyze how the founding text and regulations of the Buenos Aires Public Library challenged users and what the public's reaction was once the institution opened its doors. Therefore, we traced the tension between a library paradigm that appealed to the promotion of knowledge and the public good as an institutional objective and the demands of users due to the restricted library hours. From the history of printed culture, the representations of reading and the sociability of the reader when reading the correspondence between Bernardino Rivadavia and Luis José de Chorroarín, the regulations of the Buenos Aires Public Library and the Buenos Aires newspapers were analyzed. It was concluded that the refusal to extend the opening hours to the public conspired with the access to the library of the employees. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The ways in which the recent past of political violence is presented to the students is one of the fundamental tasks of contemporary education. However, it is often constricted by the rational and cognitive objectives of the duty of memory. In response to this, in this paper I propose an ethnographic gaze, attentive and sensitive to the textures of its daily performance, in order to contribute in a more solid and realistic way to the pedagogy of the duty of remembrance. This look has allowed me, in an investigation carried out in La Plata (Buenos Aires, Argentina) in 2018, to account for the intertwining of the work around the recent past with the school culture and the disciplinary code of history, with the relationships that the subjects have with each other and, through the links they build between different temporalities, with multiple attitudes and values. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We present an analytical reflection on our experience as adscriptas a la investigación, a term used in Spanish to describe the role of those who volunteer as students to be in an apprenticeship relationship with experienced professors-researchers at our public university (School of Humanities) in the metropolitan area sorrounding the city of Buenos Aires. We have analyzed and written our piece in two voices, as we are both apprentices. Methodologically, we start from our work logs, audio recordings and photographs to make an analytical description of the assignment, which is divided into three sections: the place of others in the construction of knowledge, word in dispersion and resistance, and spaces and bodies that communicate in themselves. Our reflection accounts for the learning and transformation opportunities generated from the implementation of a new pedagogical practice for us. Thus, we observe that a space was created in connection with others that favored parity, horizontal communication, and, together with it, the collective construction of new knowledge based on local epistemologies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The agribusiness model involved the expansion of crops and the application of a technological package that has generated the use of millions of liters of agrochemicals, which exposes rural populations to simultaneous or sequenced exposure to products, which seriously affect health and the environment. These externalities are reflected in the bodyterritory of women who inhabit and/or transit rural spaces, and suffer from daily land dispossession, labor exploitation and deterioration of their health as a result of the drift of agrochemicals. In this paper I intend to make visible the struggle of women, teachers, who gave birth to the Federal Network of Teachers for Life in San Andrés de Giles (Buenos Aires province) in 2017; an environmental group that denounces these problems, promotes actions to protect the environment and the rights of students and rural families. The methodology includes the analysis of journalistic sources, fieldwork and the development of semi-structured interviews in the territory of San Andrés de Giles. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The forms in which Environmental Education (EE) is included in the curriculum are a long-standing concern in the Latin American didactic field. In this paper we analyse the current curricular designs for the Basic Secondary School in the province of Buenos Aires, Argentina. Although in hierarchically superior regulations (Provincial Education Law and General Framework of Curricular Policy), EE is based on critical and ethnographic perspectives, it has an uneven transversal presence in the curricular designs. Some subjects present an empty EE curriculum, while others show fragmentary and contradictory perspectives. Only in Social Sciences, Geography and Citizenship Building is there a critical and ethnographic vision, linked to contemporary environmental conflicts. From Geography we recovered the experiential dimension and the enjoyment of the environment as a contribution to the pedagogies of environmental conflict and to the ongoing implementation the new national EE regulations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper deals with the role of a public university located in the second cordon of Greater Buenos Aires: The National University of José C. Paz (unpaz). The objective of the work is to address the experience of unpaz, its actions, interventions and articulations with the different levels of statehood in the context of the pandemic in José C. Paz, one of the municipalities with the highest levels of impoverishment and vulnerability. On the one hand, the support and accompaniment strategies of the university to the student community are addressed in order to promote the continuity of the course, and on the other, the specific actions in socio-sanitary matters aimed at the entire La Paz community. Thus, the university is understood not only as a physical installation in a place, but as a central component as an urban facility and a social agent with implications for the local territory and in relation to its community. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper analyzes the passive transparency which is one of the open government principles. To measure the degree of use of the right of access to public information, the portals for citizens' information requests are explored. Data corresponds to 2017-2019 among the capital states together with Buenos Aires (caba) and Bahía Blanca. The aggregation by themes criteria of caba is used as a baseline to compare among cities. Besides, passive transparency indicators from the governments' side are exposed. Together with caba and Bahía Blanca, only Córdoba and Santa Fe accomplish the principle. The best positioned city is caba, followed by Bahía Blanca, Córdoba and Santa Fe. Three types of municipalities are distinguished, and differences are explained by claims and evaluation of the right to access to public information. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Considering the increase in housing tenants (inquilinización) and financialization in Latin America, this paper explores the emergence of short-term rentals in the City of Buenos Aires, as a growing trend of housing commodification, barely incorporated into the agenda of urban studies in Latin America. To do so, we take the case of Airbnb and examined four basic dimensions to characterize the phenomenon: quantity and evolution of offers, spatial distribution, housing prices and types of owners, then comparing them with the long term rental market. Results show that short term rental shows sustained growth both over time and territory; it is a real estate market segment which is operated by concentrated and intermediary actors. Due to the low occupancy rate of the properties, the rent obtained is currently lower than in the long-term rental market. However, the post-pandemic context (still in the process of recovery) and other significant non-economic factors must be considered when interpreting these results. The paper concludes by proposing future possibilities of advance in the research of the phenomenon in Argentina. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper focuses on the Programa de Crédito Argentino del Bicentenario para la Vivienda Única Familiar (pro.cre.ar) on implementation processes, created in 2012 by the National Government. pro.crear programm generated expectations among citizens and different economic sectors. However, it got around several obstacles in its implementation and some of its lines were more effective than others. This paper offers a "bottom-up" view that recovers experiences and residential trayectories of Program beneficiaries. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with beneficiaries and successful bidders (who could effectively access and use the credit) of pro.cre.ar (2012-2015) in the Municipality of La Matanza, province of Buenos Aires, Argentina. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this paper is to study the differences in homeownership of international migrants in Buenos Aires, from a demographic perspective still little applied to the subject in Latin America, which explores the intensity and calendar of the phenomenon in specific generations, groups and territories. Birth cohorts of different national groups were reconstructed based on variables such as age and place of birth from the Argentine population censuses from 1970 to 2010. As a main result, it was found that the older the population, the more widespread is homeownership, but access to land has become more restrictive. This has affected recent generations in general, including the Argentine population, but especially migrants from neighboring countries of lower social sectors and in the most disputed territories of the city. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper analyzes, from a glotopolitical perspective, the establishment and functioning of a Spanish-Putonghua bilingual public school in the city of Buenos Aires. This institution and its implementation demonstrate a concern for the educational inclusion of Chinese migrants and their descendants, as well as for the preservation and learning of the immigration language. Throughout this article, we will show how Putonghua is constructed both as a language of instruction and as an "object language" in legal regulations, classes, and in the speeches of officials. We argue that the motivation underlying the creation of this school is the increasing importance that Putonghua has gained globally in recent years. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this paper is to analyze the processes of class formation and workers’ organization in the cities of Rosario and Santa Fe, Argentina, between 1870 and the first decade of the twentieth century. An analytical perspective of local-regional and comparative history was chosen, seeking to observe how these processes operated between both cities beyond the links with the Federal Capital, paying attention to the ideological current that hegemonized the working-class world at that time, anarchism, as well as the workers’ federations. A heuristic analysis and the triangulation of workers’ sources with official documents were carried out and, through the comparative method, an attempt is made to account for the close links and repertoires of collective action shared and used by the workers in their process of union organization, showing the regional organizational capacity beyond the links with Buenos Aires. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we study how the intentionality to propose an experimental situation in a science lesson was mobilized. This situation initiated a didactic sequence about light that was implemented in different elementary classrooms (belonging to a socioeducational program from the City of Buenos Aires) and was conceived in a working group where teachers and researchers collaborate. We aim to explore the potentiality of this collaborative modality to promote the construction of ideas on teaching and learning science. We present a case study and we focus on the interactions between the different positions of the collaborative group members as they were involved in the co-design, implementation, and analysis of the sequence. We identified that, initially, the group discussions were centered on the material aspects of the lesson design; but, after the first implementations, the shared reflection about the classroom scenes made it possible to problematize the teachers' interventions, the interpretation of the students' ideas and the assessment of alternatives on how to promote student engagement. This motivated modifications in further implementations and redefinitions of the purpose to present the experiment in class. Finally, we were able to understand some reasons that obstruct teachers' engagement with academic research proposals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper we outline the main features of a model of cooperative cultural organization in the city of Buenos Aires, through a qualitative analysis focused on a subsector of the arts that correlates various dimensions; sociopolitical, economic, cultural and territorial. It is based on the hypothesis that organizations regulated by reciprocity dedicated to artistic production and/or programming have the potential to establish such a relationship with their context, that it allows seeing and questioning hegemony. However, the practices of these actors are not determined exclusively by a habitus of reciprocal solidarity, but instead make room for the critical capacities of their members who prioritize various values and logics of action according to the nature of each situation. On the other hand, they are organizations located in a city marked by neoliberal policies, and therefore they are crossed by other elements of the culture of higher hierarchy and possibilities of incidence. Taking into account all this complexity, the research sought to understand how reciprocity is translated as an ethical and normative precept in the concrete practices of these urban cultural organizations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this article is to describe and analyze the reconversion experiences of four social organizations to sustain the social bond and collective care in popular neighborhoods of the Metropolitan Area of Buenos Aires (AMBA), Argentina, during the Covid-19 pandemic. Based on qualitative research work with an ethnographic approach, conducted remotely between July and September 2020, we i) reconstructed the social context and characterized the activities of the socio-community organizations studied in AMBA, before and during the pandemic; ii) sketched images such as the collective "la olla" organization, which describe the community provision of care; and iii) showed how, in the context of restricted movement, the organizations had to deploy tactics to "contain," "accompany" and take care of themselves and others. In line with debates about an economy of care, which produces values surreptitiously appropriated by the rest of the economy, this paper focuses on those resulting from socio-community practices related to: food --"la olla" and "la fila"--, health, and socio-affective --"containment"--. This proposal is intended to contribute to the theoretical-political field of discussion, in which it is situated, on the paradox between the centrality of (socio-community) care, for the production of social welfare, and its insufficient recognition in economic, social, and political terms. Methodologically, the paper portrays the challenges --for social research-- of reading and interpreting practices when co-presenciality is technologically mediated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper sets out to analyze two urban development proposals from a comparative point of view. Based on a literature review of the Nueva Costa del Plata project and the data collected for my doctoral research on Puerto Madero, it traces both lines of continuity and emergent tendencies in the urban expansion of the Buenos Aires Metropolitan Area. From that basis, it proposes a conceptual revision of urban renewal through 'waterfront revitalization', and goes on to put in context the relationship of the city of Buenos Aires and its metropolitan area with the Río de la Plata. Finally, it deploys each of the contrasting proposals, in order to arrive at a comparative analysis that allows reflection on urban renovations of the waterfront of the Buenos Aires Metropolitan Area. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper aims to open the discussion about a hidden damnatio in a Pedro García de Benabarre's painting that belongs to the MNAD of Buenos Aires and is part of the Spanish Renaissance art heritage of Argentina. I will examine the implications of some scratches trying to annul the devil's powers and the modern decision to "disguise" these interventions in pursuit of certain restoration criteria and museumification mechanisms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This work shows a technical-economic procedure to determine the adapted network in a low voltage (LV) residential electrical system with photovoltaic distributed generation (PVDG). A network is adapted when it is designed to minimize the total fixed and variable costs and optimize the equipment to adequately satisfy the demand (both the current demand and its expected growth). The study will consider that the decision to install PVDG is exogenous. The method is based on the concept of Hosting Capacity (HC). This paper analyzes four typical LV networks in the city of Buenos Aires, Argentina. A statistical power flow solves the networks. We take the following statistical variables: residential load, PV penetration, PV power, and location. We obtain the statistical HC for each network, and the HC is used to carry out the technical-economic study of the network. Finally, we establish the adapted network for each level of penetration. The results show that, without PVDG penetration, there are different network options with different costs per km2. When PVDG penetration increases, the networks with the lowest cost per km2 are discarded (due to their FCE), and only the networks with the highest cost per km2 survive. Once 70% penetration of PVDG has been exceeded, none of the studied networks is considered an option.. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With the outbreak and devastating spread of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, different forms of containment methods have been implemented across Latin America that have radically and rapidly transformed public health approaches. The purpose of this paper is to provide a preliminary delimitation of the problem of person-to-person accusations and complaints in proximity contexts under the confinement regime in the metropolitan area of Buenos Aires (AMBA). This paper examines three issues: 1) anthropological perspectives on judicialization; 2) the broad-ranging consequences and paradoxical effects that accusations, denunciations, and judicializations have been proven to cause for the well-being, health, and survival of affected individuals and social groups; and 3) the particularities that anthropological work assumes in highly normatized, sanctioned, and criminalized contexts. This article addresses heterogeneous materials: historical background, anthropological arguments, research results, media information, regulations, etc., to analyze the case of the AMBA. Specifically, the text focuses on the practices employed during the months of the initial period of confinement in AMBA, from March 20 to November 9, 2020. This analysis sheds light on the ways in which proximity accusations and allegations lead to the fragmentation of social fabrics, deepen inequalities, and accentuate uncertainty about social responses to possible infection and death. They also compromise and distort epidemiological, preventive, and care strategies. While legal actions of the same type have taken place for other ailments and epidemics, proximity accusations and allegations, in this case, are understood as enabled and legitimized strategies that express and translate deep transformations --at the micro-scale of isolation-- of the links between public health, legislation and security forces in social confinement regimes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

At the intersection of social and digital inequality studies, this paper presents the results of a finished research about Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) appropriation among high school students from the City of Buenos Aires (CABA). From the results of an own survey and in-depth interviews, this article studies the digital capital accumulation in young people with the objective of analyzing the influence of social origin on the appropriation of ICT and the scope of social and digital reproduction. The results present a typology on youth appropriations, describing the expected destinations from the digital appropriation trajectories by social class and the dissident cases in which young people from different social classes have appropriated ICT in an “unexpected” way, when students of the same social class have trajectories with different destinations from the influence of digital scaffolding. The role of these scaffolds in the ICT appropriation processes constitutes the main finding of the research since they make possible the change of trajectories and social and digital mobility. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper investigates the spatiotemporal variations of the Surface Urban Heat Island (SUHI) computed as the difference of urban and rural land surface temperatures for the three major cities of Argentina: Buenos Aires, Rosario, and Cordoba. Satellite-based data of 1 km x 1 km resolution available through the Global Surface UHI Explorer were used to estimate mean and maximum values, trends and percentage of each urban area with positive/negative intensities of SUHI for the period 2003-2017. Results indicate that, on average the nocturnal urban surface temperature is higher than the rural one (positive SUHI) for the annual, winter and summer mean for the three cities. The greatest contrast corresponds to Buenos Aires, where the maximum SUHI magnitude is +2°C in summer and the minimum is +1,5°C in winter. Both Rosario and Cordoba exhibit a difference in magnitude between summer and winter of only 0,1°C. The percentage of the area of each city with nocturnal surface temperatures greater than the rural ones is on average, 93 % for Buenos Aires, 97% for Rosario and 89% for Cordoba. During daytime, in some cases the SUHI intensity is negative generating a cold island. This effect is observed in the three cities during the cold season and in Rosario and Cordoba for the annual mean. In Buenos Aires, that hosts more than 30 % of the total population of the country, there is a significant positive trend in the daytime mean and maximum SUHI intensity. The comparison between the Buenos Aires' SUHI and canopy UHI (derived from standard air temperature measurements) shows positive intensities during night-time in both cases, although the mean annual and summer SUHI are warmer than the UHI in +0,3°C and +0,6°C, respectively. Additionally, there is a trend towards warmer daytime intensities of both types of heat islands. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The following paper addresses the study of those knapping processes occurred during the middle Holocene in Laguna de los Pampas (Central Pampean Dunefields, Buenos Aires), carried out through tecnomorphologic and technological (chaînes opératoires) studies of the lithic artifacts recovered in the surface of the Sector 2. The results obtained points to the employ of a wide diversity of raw materials, which sources are located at least 170 km away from the site, and among which stands the orthoquartzites and cherts from Tandilia. For these two rocks, as well as for the silicified dolomite, a direct acquisition is proposed. The production of blanks was mainly made by the unipolar and centripetal débitage. The presence of dull edges, reactivation flakes and exhausted cores, as well as the employment of the bipolar reduction, suggest an optimization in the exploitation of rocks. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article aims to account for the relationships between the development of the children's political knowledge and the social practices in which they participate. In order to achieve this objective, the following paper examines a series of psychogenetic studies carried out since the end of the 80's in Buenos Aires in school environment, on the political ideas that children and adolescents construct about the national government and the presidential function. This analysis is elaborated in the light of another very recent research, of anthropological orientation and ethnographic perspective, where it is studied the political knowledge elaborated by children and young people who participate in community practices and inhabit houses as illegal tenants in the same city. In this way, a critical comparison is established between these investigations, which centrally includes the methodological aspects, as well as the scope of the results, for a conceptual re-elaboration around the study of the processes of knowledge construction in the political field. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this paper is to discuss conceptualizations regarding drainage basin management and spatial planning, later to inquire how these viewpoints influence the instruments and institutions that currently guide the development of such areas in the Metropolitan Region of Buenos Aires (RMBA, Región Metropolitana de Buenos Aires). In terms of methodology, we collated and analyzed the most representative instruments and institutions which influence the RMBA, including specific bibliography, technical reports and official websites. The results show that the traditional conceptualization of both spatial planning and drainage basin management still predominate. In addition, the diverse instruments consulted do not seem to properly attend to the environmental and spatial complexity of the RMBA, given the latter's multiple jurisdictions and the high degree of normative dispersion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper introduces part of the results of an investigation that aimed to analyze, from a socio-pedagogical perspective, the conflict and coexistence strategies between students and teachers of secondary schools in Buenos Aires City. From a qualitative methodology, through classroom observations and interviews with students and teachers from two secondary schools, we analyzed the meanings and practices they construct around different uses of cell phones in the classroom. We found meanings and practices linked to students' boredom or lack of interest, negotiations between teachers and students, and manners of regulating their use by the latter. Although cell phones generate conflictive situations and constitute a challenge to manage coexistence in school classes, we conclude that their presence in classrooms is not necessarily the cause but rather the expression of tensions inherent to the relational dynamics of contemporary secondary schools. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The government of poverty becomes educational policy and pedagogical approach in schools that develop proposals of education differentiated according to "sex", aimed at children and adolescents from popular sectors. Teachers' conceptions about their work with these sectors are based on a naturalistic and "social" reading of gender, which justifies the physical separation of boys and girls, and the supposed greater effectiveness of the work of educating if the "sex" of the teacher is homologated with that of the students. A pedagogical work is deployed with families in which they are placed as a threat or as possible allies, in terms of social work on gender violence in the family space. Gender policies are thus re-appropriated locally, justifying an organizational and pedagogical model based on physical separation and segregation according to criteria of inequality and differences, which reinforces the fragmentation of the system and segregation processes. The paper is based on a qualitative research developed in a private Catholic school that separates boys and girls in the city of Buenos Aires, and sought to understand the articulation of class and gender in the production of educational inequalities and their approach from the teachers' point of view. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper analyzes the perceptions of the plenipotentiaries of the United States on leaders who marked the Argentinian and Mexican nineteenth century respectively: Rancher of Buenos Aires Juan Manuel de Rosas and the perennial General Santa Anna. Diplomatic reports support two hypothesis: i) These regimes were incompatible with US interests in the region; ii) there was disposition to propitiate or collaborate with its overthrew. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As part of a set of urban renewal policies in strategic areas of the Autonomous City of Buenos Aires, in 2008 the Technological District was created; which is located in Commune 4, a south-peripheral area, historically dismissed by capital investments and by the State. This paper aims at analysing the territorial effects of the Technological District in the valorisation of the real estate market and the changes in land use. From a multi-scalar approach, it focuses in the micro-territorial scale, from the exploration of four different zones within the area of the Technological District. The qualitative-quantitative methodology was based on the analysis of the sale offers of land, apartments, storefronts and offices in the Technology District, and the changes in land use, between 2006 and 2017. The results reveal that there is an accelerated real estate and land valorisation in the Technological District in comparison with other areas in the City. However, the renewal is selective in the territory. This tends to reinforce pre-existing and unequal patterns of appreciation among the different areas of the District, which allows to qualify the "success" of the policy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper analyzes the practices of a group of trans women and non-binary gay men, initiated members of an Afro-Umbandista temple in Buenos Aires. In particular, delves into her experiences of gender expression around kimbanda, a line that has experienced a remarkable growth in recent years at the local level. Through in-depth observations and interviews, she investigates the link established between the followers and the female sponsor of the ritual, Pomba Gira. Finally, it identifies that this identity construction is not only based on the daily life of the temple, but is legitimized by mythical, socio-religious and historical aspects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article analyses a housing policy of social mixture in a neighborhood that is under an urban renewal process. It studies the implementation of the housing plan included in the law n.o 3.396/09, that creates the Parque Donado-Holmberg neighborhood in the area of what should have been the Highway 3 in the city of Buenos Aires, Argentina. The paper explores the possibilities of social mixture that the social housing program enables (or not) in an urban renewal scenario. For that purpose it analyses the modes of access to social housing and the perceptions that the recipients have about their new houses. It deploys a qualitative methodology, based on secondary sources and the construction of primary data (interviews, non-participant observations and a collective mapping), that has been made between July 2016 and May. 2018. The article argues that the implementation of a policy of access to social housing is insufficient to stimulate social mixture in an urban renewal scenario. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper studies the care of children < 1 year in professional sectors of the City of Buenos Aires. The activities, interactions and feelings observed in four hours of care between a mother and her 11-month-old baby are analyzed in the context of a series of interviews carried out with mothers and fathers of this socioeconomic stratum. The project is part of the social studies of care and the sociology of emotions, fields that have sought to better understand the motivations and experiences of social actors in their affective practices with others. The main hypothesis is that the dynamics and rhythms of care in this sector can assume unique temporal arrangements, linked to simultaneity, alternation, continuous bonding and permanent availability among children and their caregivers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper is part of a study intended to elucidate the current modalities of social intervention on children at risk in Argentina, as part of what is known as child protection and from a rights-based approach. I attempt to comprehend these modalities of intervention by focusing on the actions of the institutional agents of a state organism for the protection of children's rights in a mid-range area of Buenos Aires. The material presented here stems from an ethnographic and narrative approach to the actions carried out by these agents in relation to the families with which they interact, in order to access some of the significant schemes that frame them. I conducted my fieldwork in 2018, during a fivemonth internship in the organization, using participant observation as the main research technique. I argue that the trust that permeates the bond between state agents and the families targeted by the interventions is conceived as a moral value that conveys the instructive work carried out, fundamentally, on womenmothers. This characteristic does not serve to make relationships more flexible, but rather reestablishes itself to stylize control and surveillance mechanisms. At the same time, families make use of available institutional rhetoric as a way of translating their social experience into the language of rights, thus effecting the expected transformation. This work shows how current models of intervention involving children and their families incorporate new elements such as trust and affection, which, however, are woven with enduring power mechanisms typical of the scope of the state's protective services. It also discusses the place of families in the interaction with state agents to enable an understanding of their actions based on the use and appropriation of the language of rights. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this article is to analyze different forms of agency assumed by children and young people with respect to child protection policies, specifically, in terms of adoption or foster care processes. To this end, I apply an ethnographic approach to describe and analyze the institutional logic behind the operation of certain residential homes, the guidelines and sanctions that regulate the behavior of the children and young people housed there, and how they, in turn, make sense of and heighten the monitoring and control of these institutions. Secondly, I examine the ways in which children and young people develop their capacity for agency by engaging in dialogue or confronting the officials of the entities that promote and protect their rights; how they attribute meaning to the official's decisions, and how they seek to avoid them or propose alternatives. This paper supports the production of knowledge on how children and young people contribute to shaping social life and, at the same time, is intended to deepen the government's analysis of this sector of the population. I maintain that far from considering state intervention on children and young people as homogeneous and totalizing, the cases reveal the different nuances assumed by child government and how this variability creates the conditions to enable them to carry out their projects. The materials I present and analyze here are the result of field work, carried out over ten years, between 2009 and 2019, in households and entities that promote and protect rights, in the metropolitan area of Buenos Aires, Argentina. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In July 1961, Professor Quintín Alfonsín, the main historical reference in the studies of Private International Law in Uruguay, and one of the most important national jurists of the 20th century, died as a consequence of aeronautical tragedy in Buenos Aires. His greatness to face his destiny --being able to save himself he chose to fight to the limit of his strength trying to help his wife-- enhances a personality in which the conscience of moral duty, the search for excellence and his will power were commendable values of principle. This paper does not intend to summarize his work or insist on the topic of his early loss, which has already been done at great extent, but rather to highlight some personal qualities of Alfonsín and his prevailing legal and human lessons. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this paper was assessing tobacco use in adolescents of Buenos Aires City and its relation to socio demographic characteristics and social desirability (SD). Participants were 302 schooled adolescents of ages between 13 and 18 years (M = 15.57, SD = 1.75; 45.4% female). Results showed that nearly half of them (41.7%) had try a cigarette once. Of them, 27.2% currently used tobacco, 62% were light users and 3% were severe users. Age of onset was 10 years old or less for 34.9% and between 11 and 15 years old for 51.6%. Most of the adolescents used tobacco for recreational purposes. Also, those who stated to had tried tobacco, those who had used less tan 100 cigarettes in their life and those who said to not be bothered by tobacco smoke showed higher valued of SD in contrast to the rest. The number of cigarettes used was positively related to SD. Those adolescents which the majority of their friends smoke had higher SD. No associations were found between SD age of onset, motive for starting smoking, opinion of what smoking tobacco is, nor information received regarding tobacco. Results are discussed regarding: the problems linked to tobacco consumption; the need of liking others and behaving according to what is expected; theories of cognitive growth and group conformity Consumo de tabaco en adolescentes bonaerenses: su relación con variables sociodemográficas y la deseabilidad social [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The contemporary age is characterized by the constitution of a technical-scientific-informational medium over increasingly larger territories. New forms of co-operation and control are imposed due to expanding large-company labor territory divisions. In this paper, the growing standard mediation in urban economy circuits of fast-preparation foodstuffs located in the Buenos Aires metropolis is analyzed. To this end, regency transformation in circuits and the technical phenomenon as a condition of possibility for territory standardization have been studied. Lastly, we discuss implications of this process on relations between hegemonic and subordinate actors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study focuses on the biography of a right-wing militant of Argentine nationalism. Through the study of one case, this paper seeks to address the following question: How is a right-wing activist built?. Our interviewee was born and grew up in an Italian family which supported monarchy and fascism. He established connections with the Italian (neo)fascist world in Buenos Aires and he was part of the Movimiento Nacionalista Tacuara in his youth. In order to approach this life story with a micro perspective, we will use Oral History tools, as well as the concept of habitus and Alejandro Quiroga's theory of the three spheres. We will conclude that an early insertion in the world of fascism and Argentine nationalism through family and the school system were decisive for the construction of this activist's political identity. The sources used are two interviews, which we analyze by paying special attention to his memory of his political activism and the conformation of his identity as a right-wing activist. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A problematic link made of tensions and contradictions relates Elvira Orphée to Tucumán, the Argentinian province where she was born and the space represented in many of her texts. This paper explores one of the aspects of this problematic link by revealing the fact that the author's figure is fictionalized in Pretérito perfecto, novel published in 1983 by another writer from Tucumán, Hugo Foguet. After pointing out the elements which allow to relate Negra Fortabat, the character in the novel, to Orphée, the analysis meditates on the probable reasons for such fictionalization and on its implications regarding the image that Foguet constructs of himself as a writer. It is postulated that the figurative presence of Orphée in Pretérito perfecto works in at least three directions, intimately related to each other: 1) to develop the dispute over how to write a novel in general and how to write a novel about Tucumán in particular; 2) to incarnate the counter figure of a writer, which enables to make a necessary tabula rasa over every antecedent and to show, in that way, how disruptive and foundational the novel by Foguet is in itself; 3) to represent the tensions between a peripheral literary field located in Tucumán and a central literary field located in Buenos Aires [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The American Library was a collection that, in the words of Alejandro Magariños Cervantes, was intended to disseminate unpublished materials by the most notable American authors. Although this project began in Paris in 1854, the following volumes would be published in Buenos Aires and Montevideo, between 1858 and 1864. It is interesting to note that in each book, the editor included some pages that he called "Chronicle of the Library", where he presented his ideas about the general plan of this work, written correspondence, critical judgments, lists of subscribers, distribution circuits and places of commercialization. He also mentioned difficulties with printing, both due to the delays of authors delivering the works and to production issues due to lack of paper. Additional problems were the high costs and the few material gains obtained by this company. The purpose of this article is to study those chronicles in order to reconstruct the future of the catalog, comparing the authors and the works that Alejandro Magariños Cervantes announces will be published with the definitive content of the collection. At the same time, this article aims to track indications of practices and uses associated with book production in the mid-19th century. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article is intended to give an account of an extremely interesting experience in the Municipality of Ituzaingó (MuI)--city where both authors live in--, in the western area of Greater Buenos Aires (GBA), where Municipal Public Policies include the Women, Genders, Diversity and Human Rights Council (CMGDyDH for its Spanish acronym), entity responsible not only for various functions, but for trying to prevent the local patriarchal system from continuing imposing itself through culture, society and economy, among other disciplines and practices, not allowing women's empowerment. We aim at conducting an analysis of the Gender-sensitive policies carried out by the CMGDyDH in the MuI, which are developed in a national context of different achievements reached by the feminist movement during the last years. Our question is whether it would be possible to weaken or avoid the patriarchal system, at least in the medium term, in the local context. We are aware that structural changes arise from asocial base, with a multiplier effect towards the super-structural framework, process which we would like to see materialized in order to reach equity and gender social inclusion. One of the general objectives of this article consists in revising theoretically and empirically the possible definition and construction of those intervention and formulation methods of integral Social Policies, in a collective and dialectal manner. The pillars of analysis of this article are: -Past budgetary achievements at national and provincial level, and within the MuI, with a gender-based approach. -Goals accomplished at an institutional, legislative and Public Policies level, with a gender perspective. The first part of this article (I) includes general aspects of Feminist Economics (FE) and the second one (II) consist of a description of the activities carried out by the CMGDyDH in the MuI, its objectives, and an analytical relation with the first part of the article. The second part derives from the Final Research Paper by BSW. Marta Rosendo, presented in the Women and Gender Specialization, at Universidad de Luján. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Within the field of mega-event studies, a case with smaller scale, projection and little study is recovered. The YOG 2018 were propitious for the experimentation and production of a new image of the city, its government and urban interventions. With the reconstruction of local and international political support, the YOG 2018 is interpreted as a turning point in the career of Buenos Aires as a possible Olympic venue. Within this framework, the careers of two CEOs that articulate business, sport and politics are being investigated. Likewise, the paper studies the city image production in Buenos Aires as a candidate and a healthy tourist space. The work focuses on the impact of the YOG 2018 in the Comuna 8. It is analyzed how the Government of the City proposed a new form of land valorization through the institutional mask of Integral Urban Planning and the transfer attempt of CeNARD. Finally, it is shown that mega-events can promote the relocation of large infrastructures to areas less attractive for the real estate market and thus free up land of greater value in other areas of the city. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper aims to describe and analyze the therapeutic itineraries of female migrants from Bolivia residing two neighborhoods of Buenos Aires, "Bajo Flores" and "Villa 31". Qualitative methodology, using techniques of interviews and focus groups, oriented the investigation of health care strategies. As a principle result, we identified the articulation of various healthcare systems, particularly that of frequent consultation of pharmacists as substitution for physicians, be this a form of avoiding the barriers and obstacles of access to the public health system or as an alternative to previous therapeutic failures. In addition, the barriers that these women encounter when trying to access care in the public health system are described. Finally, we observed that the circulation of information among family members, neighbors, friends and "countrymen" is the most frequent means of accessing knowledge about the available care alternatives in each territory. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Autonomous City of Buenos Aires is marked by an intensive productive structure in services, both in its absorption of labor and in its participation in the product. A good part of these are explained by the Knowledge-Intensive Services (KIS), so they deserve a careful analysis of the type of demand for labor that is associated. Much of the academic discussion revolves around the importance of supplying human capital for the development of the knowledge industry; therefore, with a clear understanding of its role in the proliferation of the KIS sector, the primary objective of this paper is to understand this mechanism, but in reverse; that is, to understand the morphology of the demand for labor that has been generated, based on both the qualification of the labor force and the tasks that are performed. Besides the usual controls, it incorporates the precision of the work activity, understood under a specific scheme of tasks. This analysis leads to conclude that even with salaries well above the average, the control by tasks shows a notorious gap in salaries and in terms of job creation. At the same time, the KIS sector stands out in the labor demand for positions with greater technological complementarity -intensity in non-routine cognitive tasks- and of professional and technical qualification. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article explores the modalities of organization and the collective demands made in recent years by the indigenous population of the Metropolitan Region of Buenos Aires (Argentina). In order to do so, it addresses the process of participation of the new ethnic leaderships in local government through the case of the La Coordinación de Pueblos Originarios de Almirante Brown. The paper explores the strategies, the underlying logic, and the decisions that contributed to the processes of ethnopolitical participation in the structure of the contemporary Argentina state. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents the results of an investigation carried out at a middle school in Buenos Aires suburbs, in which the processes of cultural appropriation carried out by the school on educational policies for middle and high school education in recent years are explored. We will analyze the process of construction and transformation of a middle school in the Province of Buenos Aires, based on the policies promoted with the enactment of the National Education Law (2006) and the Provincial Education Law (2007), which sanction the obligatory nature and change the structure of high school. Starting from the assumption that the norms are central instruments to give directionality to the educational system but that take shape in the modes of appropriation at local and institutional level, in this work we will analyze the senses that assume, in the daily life of the school, educational policies, particularly regarding participation, considering the ways in which the organizational structure and school culture are present in the conditions of appropriation. It is an exploratory and descriptive case study based on qualitative ethnographic research. Observations and interviews with different institutional actors over two years were made accompanying the process of conformation as a complete high school. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

this paper analyses the lexicon of crime in the criminal causes of the Royal Audience of Buenos Aires. From a documentary corpus composed of files from the General Archive of the Argentine Nation, we study the denominations and concepts that define the so-called "bad facts" and the characteristics of the constructions used for their typing. The purpose of these pages is to improve knowledge about crimes and their formulation in times when the law lacked an abstract and axiomatic classification of the norm. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the year 1798 was found in England the first school in which mutual instruction was implemented. In Lancaster System, more advanced students (monitors) were supposed to transfer to their fellow students contents previously taught by their teacher. Thus, a single teacher could grant education to a big set of children. This method popularized and was applied in several countries all over the world, including Argentina, that had to deal with the lack of teachers. In this paper we shall analyze the case of José Catalá y Codina, a spanish scholastic who, while in charge of lancasterian schools in Buenos Aires and Montevideo, wrote two grammar handbooks: Compendio gramatical de la lengua nacional llamada castellana (1821) and Explicaciones sobre el compendio de gramática (1840). We will focus on those resources took by Codina from other works for him to make up his Compendio which, despite all its possible influences, is based primarily in Felipe Senillosa's Gramática española (1817). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper analyzes the conflictive implementation of freedom of the press in Buenos Aires, after the fall of Rosas' regime. It examines norms and the initiatives to reform them, some trials, government actions, and the debates within the legislature and the press. The study discusses the traditional interpretation according to which, in the province of Buenos Aires, those years were characterized by a wide freedom of expression. It also argues that the difficulties to implement freedom of the press in the 19th century are explained by the tension between the consideration of the press as a pillar of civilized, republican societies and, at the same time, as a corrosive agent of the social and political order. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper intends to reflect upon the possible effects of the "new" habitat policies, implemented in Argentina in the neo-developmentalist period, on social inclusion and access to the city. The program that led to the building of the urban complex Padre Mugica represents a paradigmatic case. It allows measuring the impacts of the actions of the State through programs oriented towards social inclusion that aim to solve the housing and employment deficit. An analysis that retraces the design, management and implementation of the Padre Mugica urban complex has allowed us to problematize the existence of a break between the logic of traditional and new social housing policies, as well as understand some of its effects on the territory and on the levels of welfare and social integration of targeted households. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper examines how the new waste management is set in public agenda in the case of the city of La Plata, Provincia de Buenos Aires. We analyze in what extent this new agenda is implemented, delving into the reasons. A case analysis is developed using qualitative methodology, a documental and bibiliographic review. The inscription of Integrated Waste Management in the public agenda is explained by new laws; specific action collective patrons and their link with justice; as by new spaces that local government generated. However, while implemented reform shows an imminent closing of the landfill in Ensenada, it is no clear that the model that regulations establish would be adopted in a comprehensive and systematically way, in a context in which different actors behave strategically to resist change process and management is complex. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]