Search

Objective: To measure the vascularization and ovarian volume with three-dimensional sonography in patients diagnosed of polycystic ovary syndrome with stimulated ovulation treatment, and to analyse the differences between the patients treated with clomiphen citrate versus clomiphen citrate and metformin., Material and Method: Therty patients were studied. Twenty ovulation cycles were obtained with clomiphen citrate and 17 with clomiphen citrate plus merformin (added in case of obesity or hyperglucemy/hyperinsulinemia). Ovarian volumes and vascular indexes were studied with 3D-sonography and results were analysed by treatment., Results: There were no statistical differences of ovarian volume by treatment along the cycles, although bigger volume were found in ovulatory cycles compared to non-ovulatory ones (20,36 versus 13,89 ml, p = 0,026). No statistical differences were also found concerning vascular indexes, neither by treatment nor by the obtention of ovulation in the cycle., Conclusions: Ovarian volume and vascular indexes measured with three-dimensional sonography in patients diagnosed of polycystic ovary syndrome do not show differents values in patients treated with clomiphen citrate alone versus clomiphen citrate plus metformin.

Background: Ovarian inervation is limited to the superior pedicle and ovarian artery to loose itself within the gonadal smooth muscle. Hence, it is far from clear how is it that the ovary preserves its communication with hypothalamic and pituitary structures for feedback regulation. There is a lack of precision concerning structures and mechanisms involved in the genesis of polycystic disease., Objective: To know the role of inervation associated to hormone stimuli in developing polycystic ovaries., Material and Methods: Groups of Sprague Dawley rats were studied: group 1, whom received cornoil (vehicle) served as controls; group 2 had estradiol valerianate (EV) and group 3 was exposed to phenol for denervation and also received estradiol valerianate (EV). After sacrifice, ovaries were exposed and saved in a formol solution until preparation and staining with hematoxilin-eosin and for immunochemical reaction using specific monoclonal antibodies for nerve tissue (PS-100 & GFAP)., Results: Biologic response was considered when follicle dilation was seen under microscopy evaluation. The ovaries with higher follicle development belonged to group 2 (EV) while preserving intrinsic follicular nervous activity as shown by a positive immunoreaction to PS-100 & GFAP. Those denervated and exposed to EV (group 3) did not show significant changes in follicular size resembling controls., Conclusions: The presence of neural activity is vital for development of cysts and the neural mechanisms involved seemed to lie within the ovarian cells.

Unlabelled: The policystic ovary (PO) results from a systemic hormonal dysfunction, characterized by hyperandrogenemia, insulin resistance and anovulation., Objective: Assessment was made of clinical and biochemical features of patients with PO., Material and Methods: A retrospective analysis of 211 clinical of charts of patients with ultrasonographic diagnosis of PO seen at the Hospital Juárez de México from 1996 to 2000 was performed. Evaluation was made of body mass index (BMI), waist hip index (WHI), Ferriman index, acanthosis nigricans, lipid and hormonal profile., Results: Of patients studied (n = 211) 64% had infertility and abnormal menses associated to PO, while the rest was normal. Both groups (PO and normal), were similar in age and distribution as well as family back grown for diabetes mellitus, hypertensive disease and obesity. The clinical manifestations observed on patients with PO were infertility 79.16%, anovulation 68.42%, hirsutism 66.9% obesity (66.9%). Biochemical findings in PO patients vs normal patients were: hyperandrogenism (86.73% vs 71.4%), insulin resistance (60.46% vs 37.5%), dislipidemic (56.41% vs 31.5%), LH/FSH ratio > 2 (19.51% vs 10.51%). Regarding sensitivity and specificity for clinical and biochemical findings ranged from 0.64 at 0.90, minimum value had infertility and maximum anovulation; specificity (interval 0.31 to the 0.71) minor corresponded to hyperprolactinemia and higher to infertility. The estimated risk factor (OR) for the population studied exhibited anovulation (OR, 7; 95% IC, 1.79-32.92); infertility (OR, 4.51; 95% IC, 2.03-10.13); insulin resistance (OR, 3; 95% IC, 0.82-8.16); hyperandrogenism (OR, 2.61; 95% IC, 1.02-6.69); and obesity (OR, 2.16; 95% IC, 1.17-4). We concluded that population with PO has a higher risk of infertility, anovulation, obesity, hyperandrogenism, dyslipidemia, insulin resistance and abnormal menses.