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Background: This study aimed to characterize dentistry, medicine and pharmacy students in terms of emotional intelligence (EI) and personality traits (PTs). It also sought to identify whether differences existed according to gender and degree program and the relationship between them. Methods: Students enrolled in dentistry (115), medicine (85) and pharmacy (57) degree programs participated voluntarily in the research, including 59 men and 198 women. The following questionnaires were used: (1) the Trait Meta-Mood Scale (TMMS-24) to evaluate EI; (2) the NEO Five-Factor Inventory (NEO-FFI) to assess PT. The Qualtrics XM platform was used for data collection. Results: There were no statistically significant differences between three components of EI, either according to gender or degree program. The only difference in PTs was found in neuroticism, where women scored higher than men. There were statistically significant differences between students on different degree programs in openness to experience and responsibility. The five PTs correlated significantly with the three components of EI, except responsibility and emotional attention. The strongest associations were found between neuroticism and emotional repair (−0.439). Conclusions: High percentages of the student population were observed to have weaknesses in emotional clarity and emotional repair. Neuroticism is a personality trait that seems to occur more frequently in women.

Among the many forms of psychological violence, gaslighting is a particularly insidious manipulative behaviour that includes acts aimed at controlling and altering one’s own partner’s sensations, thoughts, actions, affective state, self-perception, and reality-testing. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the association between the experience of gaslighting and dysfunctional aspects of the partner’s personality. Gaslighter personality facets were assessed using the Personality Inventory for DSM-5–Informant Form–Adult (PID-5-IRF), while gaslighting behaviours were assessed using a 25-item questionnaire, based on the three categories of glamour, good-guy, and intimidator (Stern, 2007). The sample was made up of a group of 177 Italian emerging adults aged between 19 and 26 (49.2% male, 50.8% female; M = 21.88, SD = 1.75), enrolled at University, who participated voluntarily in the research. In fact, none of them received any form of direct or indirect incentive. In our study, we applied a beta regression model mapping the Likert scale into the open interval (0,1). The main results show (a) good-guy gaslighting is positively associated with manipulativeness and negatively associated with deceitfulness; (b) glamour gaslighting has a negative association with separation insecurity and manipulativeness, but it is positively associated with irresponsibility; (c) intimidator gaslighting has a positive association with separation insecurity and distractibility and a negative association with eccentricity and perceptual dysregulation; (d) all three gaslighting categories are negatively associated with anhedonia and impulsivity. Based on what emerged from the data, aspects such as separation insecurity, irresponsibility, and distractibility can be seen as serious risk factors for gaslighting. For this reason, with regard to clinical implications, an early recognition of dysfunctional traits in potential abusers should be fostered in order to protect both potential abusers and their partner from aggressive conduct within an intimate relationship.

Esta presente revisión sistemática tiene como objetivo conocer la relación entre las variables de personalidad y las conductas de riesgo en deportes extremos de montaña. En primer lugar, se empleó el sistema de preguntas “PICO” (problema, intervención, comparación y resultados) para llevar a cabo las búsquedas en las distintas bases de datos: PsycInfo, P&BSC, PubMed, Frontiers in Psychology, entre otros. Se extrajeron un total de 892 artículos de los que finalmente, a través del sistema de selección de criterios, se seleccionaron un total de diez artículos. Se concluye que los principales resultados indican que la combinación de las variables de personalidad es lo que determina que una persona se exponga en mayor o menor medida al riesgo cuando realiza uno de estos deportes, siendo las más relevantes la autoeficacia, estabilidad emocional, la impulsividad, extraversión y la escrupulosidad. Además, a mayor edad, mayor experiencia y nivel competitivo, modulan la expresión de dichas variables y, por consiguiente, la exposición al riesgo. No se observan diferencias significativas en cuanto al género.

Objectives of the research:. The purpose of this study was to determine whether women’s childhood experiences are related to their ability to meet their needs in adulthood. Research methods: The survey was conducted online with a random sample of 402 women between the ages of 21 and 50. In order to answer the research questions, text mining algorithms and cluster analysis carried out by data mining algorithms were used. A short description of the context of the issue: The ability to fulfill one’s needs is an important determinant of personal happiness, well-being and mental health The study examined whether women who had experienced fewer parental mistakes were better at meeting their needs, and whether there were intergroup differences between women who were more and less efficient at fulfilling their needs in terms of the personality traits their parents tried to mold in them during childhood and the personality traits that the women developed. Research findings: The results revealed that women who experienced fewer parenting errors in childhood and whose parents tried to shape in them personality traits such as Stability (Alpha-Plus), Plasticity (Beta-Plus) and Integration (Gamma-Plus) indeed developed these traits and were more effective in fulfilling their needs in adulthood. Conclusions and recommendations: Experiencing more parenting mistakes in childhood is associated with the development of unfavorable personality traits and lower competence in meeting needs in adulthood.

ABSTRACT This work aims to know what correlations can be found among psychological, neuropsychological, neurobiological, and immunological measures in a group of men who have sex with men negative for anti-HIV-1/2 antibodies which have sexual risk behaviors. Statistically significant correlations were found among certain behavioral, emotional, personality, neurobiological, and immunological variables. The circuit of interactions among depression, stress, neuroticism, and conscientiousness stands out, which could indirectly explain risky sexual behavior. In summary, there is a relationship between personality characteristics, mood disorders, risk behaviors, and an activated T cell profile.

University studies during the COVID-19 pandemic are conditioned by many factors that evoke a sense of danger and stress. The purpose of the study was to investigate the situations during the COVID-19 pandemic perceived by students as threatening and to determine the relevance of students’ personality traits in their assessments of the threats and severity of stress associated with the COVID-19 pandemic. Another aim of the research was to identify from whom they most frequently expect help in such situations. The following research problems were formulated. 1. Which situations related to the COVID-19 pandemic are rated most and least threatening by students? 2. Which personality traits described in the ‘Big Five’ theory (McCrae & Costa, 1987) protect students from experiencing grave threats and from experiencing higher stress in the COVID-19 pandemic? 3. What sources of support are received by students and offered by the University? The study involved 149 first-year students of the Pontifical University of John Paul II in Krakow. The survey was conducted in February 2021. The following research tools were used in the study: a short questionnaire for measuring the Big Five personality traits (IPIP-BFM-20), the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-10) and the Questionnaire on Types of COVID-19-Related Threats (TCT). The results of the study showed the importance of: 1. selected personality traits, such as emotional stability, extroversion and conscientiousness, for students’ assessment of the threat to the individual, and protection against the severity of stress experienced; 2. social support that young people receive from their loved ones, including mainly mothers and friends, and 3. support provided by the University.

Abstract The goals of this paper are the cross-cultural adaptation and psychometric properties evaluation of the Brazilian version of the Clinical Perfectionism Questionnaire (CPQ), a scale that measures the tendency of a person to pursue self-demanding standards and the subjective consequences provided by achieving them or not. The original instrument was translated to Portuguese and back-translated to English. The preliminary version was judged by one of the authors of the instrument and by Brazilian specialists, producing content validity indicators. The final version was applied to a sample of 250 Brazilian undergraduate students, aged from 18 to 60 years old (M=24.9, SD=8.63), mostly female (76%). In the Exploratory Factor Analysis, data have revealed a bidimensional structure, and the other psychometric properties, such as internal consistency and validity regarding other variables, have shown adequate to the instrument. Additional analyses of unidimensional congruence reinforced the multidimensionality of the measure.

Abstract This study aimed to investigate the psychometric properties of the Personality Inventory for DSM-5 (PID-5) in Brazilian community and clinical samples. This research included 1,210 people, 554 of them with psychopathology indicators. The participants answered the PID-5 and the Self-Reporting Questionnaire, in addition to a sociodemographic and health data questionnaire that included the six items of the suicidality module of the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview. The results showed that the 25 facets of the PID-5 had adequate reliability coefficients and evidence of unidimensionality. The instrument’s five-factor structure was replicated with high levels of congruence with the representative sample from North America. PID-5 scores were statistically different between clinical and community groups and were positively correlated with measures of suicide risk and psychopathological symptoms. This study presents the psychometric properties of PID-5 and its suitability for use in the Brazilian population.

This study aimed to identify the capacity of the dark personality to explain the emotional intelligence trait. The sample comprised 395 subjects, aged 18 to 30 years (M = 21.19; SD = 1.75), who responded to the Short Dark Triad, Short Sadistic Impulse Scale, Spitefulness Scale and Emotional Skills Inventory. To achieve the proposed objective, a path analysis model was performed. The results indicated that sadism, achiavellianism and narcissism positively explain the dimensions of emotional intelligence, while psychopathy and pitefulness explain it negatively. The findings of this study highlight caution when interventions are carried out to increase emotional intelligence in individuals with dark traits, since they can use it for emotional manipulation.

Abstract Personal resources influence professionals’ relationships with their work and impact their engagement. Thus, we investigated whether the relationships between personality traits and meaningful work with engagement showed differences before and during the pandemic. The sample comprised 963 professionals with 828 participants, with a mean age of 35.5 years (SD = 10.7 years) before the COVID-19 pandemic, and 135 professionals with a mean age of 42.1 years (SD = 8.1 years) during the pandemic. The participants’ personality traits, meaningful work, and work engagement were assessed. Differences in the relationships between personal resources and engagement were investigated through network analysis. No significant differences were observed in the relationships investigated before and during the pandemic. Significant work was related to personality traits and played a central role in the network, evidencing its importance in promoting engagement at work.

There is a paucity of literature regarding the psycho-physiological profiles of sailors on board. This study aimed at providing empirical evidence on the individual differences between bowmen and helmsmen taking into account a biopsychological perspective. To this purpose, sailors’ profiles were examined by focusing on the association between personality traits and basal cortisol. The sample was composed of 104 athletes (Mage = 21.32, SD = 0.098; F = 35%), who fulfilled a self-reported questionnaire including a socio-demographic section and the Big Five questionnaire. Cortisol samples were collected on the day before the competition, within 30 min after awakening. T-test analysis showed significant differences on cortisol levels: bowmen obtained higher levels on cortisol responses compared to helmsmen. No differences emerged on personality traits between athletes’ roles. Bivariate associations showed positive associations of cortisol responses with extraversion and conscientiousness in bowmen, whereas no significant associations of cortisol with personality traits were found in helmsmen. Regression analyses confirmed that sex and extraversion predicted higher level of cortisol responses. Results were discussed in terms of a bio-psychosocial theoretical approach and provided findings on the relationships between personality trait and the hypothalamus-pituitary adrenal (HPA) system in dinghy sailors. Suggestions for a more suitable selection of sailor roles were given to coaches in order to improve athletes’ performance.

Abstract: This study aimed to verify the mean difference of the 24 character strengths considering the level of each character strength in relation to the Dark Triad of personality. A total of 284 people participated in the study, responding to the Character Strength Scale and to the Short Dark Triad. Among them, 71.5% were female, with a mean age of 29.06 years (SD = 9.73). For Machiavellianism and psychopathy, specific strengths are characterized by their underuse, while for narcissism, apart from modesty, character strengths are overused. Accordingly, we conclude that the underuse and overuse of character strengths can result in negative outcomes in addition to the socially valued positive aspects.

Abstract In the face of a population that is increasingly connected electronically, the objective of this research was to test the predictive power of Instagram’s use intensity, social comparison and the five major personality factors of self-esteem. The survey, made available on the internet with sociodemographic questions and four scales, was answered by 625 Brazilians, of which 63.7% were women. The results indicated neuroticism and social comparison (abilities factor) as negative predictors of self-esteem. Extraversion, agreeableness, consciousness, social comparison (opinions factor), and age were shown to be positive predictors of self-esteem. For women, the higher the intensity of Instagram’s use, the lower the levels of self-esteem. The negative relationship between self-esteem and the intensity of Instagram use was mediated by social comparison (suppression effect). It is suggested that the harm of using the social network relates to the activity of comparing himself to other people.

The study extends personality and situational judgment test (SJT) research by using an SJT to measure achievement striving in a contextualized manner. Employed students responded to the achievement striving SJT, traditional personality scales, and workplace performance measures. The SJT was internally consistent, items loaded on a single factor, and scores converged with other measures of achievement striving. The SJT provided incremental criterion-related validity for the performance criteria beyond less-contextualized achievement striving measures. Findings suggest that achievement-related work scenarios may provide additional criterion-relevant information not captured by measures that are less contextualized.

This study aimed to investigate whether combinations of factors regarding organizational culture and the personality traits of purchasing managers and sales managers are relevant for explaining collaboration in the supply network (CSN). Our theoretical framework comprises Behavioral Operations Management, Organizational Behavior, and Supply Network. We used a self-administered electronic questionnaire based on instruments that are well-known in the literature. We used Qualitative Comparative Analysis with dichotomized conditions. CSN with suppliers had different associations with behavioral constructs than CSN with customers did, which shows there are behavioral differences between purchasing and sales managers. Our findings with regard to CSN suggest that the behavioral requirements for hiring purchasing and sales managers are different, and that customer relations are a priority within the organization.

Cel pracy: Celem pracy jest określenie poziomu poszczególnych cech osobowości oraz postaw Polaków wobec szczepień ochronnych, w tym przeciw COVID-19 oraz analiza potencjalnych predyktorów tych postaw. Materiały i metody: Badaniem online, prowadzonym we wrześniu i październiku 2021 roku objęto 1466 osób (50,6% kobiet) w wieku od 18 do 80 lat (M = 42.81; SD = 12.46). Anonimowa i dobrowolna ankieta online zawierała autorskie pytania dotyczące postaw wobec szczepień ochronnych, w tym także szczepień przeciwko COVID-19, oceniane na skali 1-7, wystąpienie NOP w przeszłości i polską adaptację testu Ten Item Personality Inventory (TIPI)- TIPI-PL. Wyniki: Wykazano, że istotnymi predyktorami poziomu akceptacji szczepień ochronnych były: płeć żeńska, wielkość miejsca zamieszkania, wykształcenie i wystąpienie NOP w przeszłości. W przypadku cech osobowościowych była to ugodowość, stabilność emocjonalna oraz otwartość na doświadczenie. Istotny związek miały również źródła wiedzy na temat szczepień: opinie znajomych, Internet i opinie ekspertów. Wyższy poziom ugodowość i otwartości na doświadczenie współwystępował z wyższym poziomem akcpetacji szczepień ochronnych, natomiast wyższy poziom stabilności emocjonalnej korelował z niższym poziomem akceptacji szczepień. Płeć żeńska, wyższe wykształcenie oraz wielkość miejscowości zamieszkania predysponowały do akceptacji szczepień ochronnych, natomiast wystąpienie NOP predysponowało do niskiego jej poziomu.

Charisma is a complex phenomenon. This fact manifests itself not least in an abundance of myths, half-truths, and unanswered research questions. Most charisma myths have not been uncontroversial, and since empirical investigations have advanced quickly over the past years, we take the opportunity in this paper to revisit ten of the most important myths that relate primarily, but not exclusively, to the linguistic and phonetic aspects of charisma, such as the interactions between verbal and nonverbal and between segmental and prosodic cues, as well as the roles of breathing and fundamental frequency in charisma perception. The result is a very diverse picture. Some myths, including very old ones, can be accepted. Others must be rejected in the light of contradicting empirical results. The status of some myths remains unsettled. Furthermore, in discussing that diverse picture, our paper points towards knowledge gaps in research and practice and gives concrete directions as to where to go from here.

According to the Global Entrepreneurship Index 2018, Portugal’s entrepreneurship is suboptimal due to Portuguese entrepreneurs’ low networking capacity. This research focused on psychological and personality traits that may contribute to this suboptimal performance. The study was based on 331 young adults who answered a questionnaire composed of three parts: sociodemographic questions, the Portuguese Entrepreneurial Psychological Traits Inventory (PEPTI) and the Big Five Inventory (BFI44). The results show that young Portuguese entrepreneurs score higher on the PEPTI and four of the BFI-44’s five dimensions. However, the differences detected in the agreeableness trait scores are not statistically significant, which is a possible reason for the reported suboptimal networking skills. Since networking capabilities are important for successful entrepreneurship, the findings include the need to create a psychological coaching programme for young Portuguese entrepreneurs to enhance various soft skills that could improve their networking capabilities.

Abstract Personality characteristics have been evaluated due to the reflexes that they provoke in the conjugal satisfaction and adjustment. The objective of this study was to evaluate the actor-partner effects of personality traits on the conjugal adjustment of heterosexual couples. The study, quantitative and explanatory, evaluated 231 couples from different cities of Rio Grande do Sul. Respondents completed the Socio-demographic questionnaire, the Revised Dyadic Adjustment Scale and the Personality Adjectives Marker scale. The data was analyzed using the Latent Traits Model. The results indicate that socialization, neuroticism and achievement factors have an effect on the marital adjustment of husbands and wives. There is a partner effect on the wives’ neuroticism factor and on the husbands’ achievement factor. The extroversion and openness factors do not provoke actor-partner effects on the adjustment of the couples. The results are discussed in the light of other studies and research agendas are suggested.

Purpose: This research seeks to identify how entrepreneurs’ personality traits can influence the capital structure of micro and small private businesses in Brazil, which are important for the economic growth and the subsistence of their owners. Originality/value: The study of the behavioral dimension of business decisions can help financial agents to better understand client behavior, including the adoption of mechanisms that identify possible risky or inefficient decisions made by managers based on their personality traits. It can also assist the government and institutions supporting micro and small private businesses in developing strategies to reduce the mortality of such companies. Design/methodology/approach: The proposed model involves 19 expected relationships that evaluate the relationships between the optimism, risk tolerance, sense of control (external and internal), attitude towards debt, and entrepreneur gender constructs. The sample includes 625 micro and small entrepreneurs in the state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. Confirmatory factor analysis and structural equation modeling were performed. Findings: Results showed that attitude towards debt and gender were the most significant constructs and had a direct influence on the capital structure, while optimism and internal locus of control exerted a negative indirect influence, while risk tolerance had a positive indirect effect. Female managers demonstrated higher optimism and internal locus of control than male managers, but they had a worse attitude towards debt. / Objetivo: Esta pesquisa busca identificar como os traços de personalidade dos empreendedores podem influenciar a estrutura de capital das micro e pequenas empresas privadas no Brasil, que são importantes para o crescimento econômico e a subsistência de seus proprietários. Originalidade/valor: O estudo da dimensão comportamental no contexto das decisões de negócios pode ajudar os agentes financeiros a entender o comportamento de seus clientes, incluindo a adoção de mecanismos que identificam possíveis decisões arriscadas ou ineficientes tomadas pelos gerentes com base em seus traços de personalidade. Também pode ajudar o governo e as instituições que apoiam micro e pequenas empresas privadas no desenvolvimento de estratégias que busquem reduzir a mortalidade dessas empresas. Design/metodologia/abordagem: O modelo proposto envolve 19 relações esperadas que avaliam as relações entre os construtos otimismo, tolerância ao risco, senso de controle (externo e interno), atitude em relação à dívida e questões relacionadas ao gênero dos empreendedores. A amostra inclui 625 micro e pequenos empreendedores situados no estado do Rio Grande do Sul, no Brasil. A análise fatorial confirmatória e a modelagem de equações estruturais foram realizadas na análise. Resultados: Os resultados mostraram que a atitude em relação à dívida e o gênero foram os construtos mais significativos e influenciaram diretamente a estrutura do capital, enquanto o otimismo e o lócus de controle interno exerceram influência indireta negativa, e a tolerância ao risco teve efeito indireto positivo. Além disso, gerentes do gênero feminino demonstraram maior otimismo e lócus de controle interno do que os gerentes do gênero masculino, mas tiveram uma atitude em relação à dívida pior.

The aim of this research article is to identify the profile of students enrolled in dual learning model and standard learning model based on personality traits, learning patterns and motivational orientation. Participants included 212 freshmen enrolled dual learning model (N=97) and standard model (N=115) in the Primary Education Degree. The participants completed 3 questionnaires: (1) Learning Combination Inventory (Johnston & Dainton, 1996), (2) Big-Five Personality Inventory (Bermúdez, 1995), and (3) Motivational Profile Inventory (Corral, Arribas & Fernández, 2010). The results showed that the students who enrolled in dual learning modality tend to be less open, more emotionally stable and take care of their relationships to a greater extent. The two later characteristics are essential for the typology of the learning modality because it is more complex to work and learn in two different environments than one as standard learning. Despite these results, the groups of both learning modalities are similar and therefore possible future lines are considered. Future studies should be conducted with much larger samples and longitudinal design that allows corroborating (or not) that the students who study in dual learning modality are different or can vary their motivational orientations or improve their learning patterns during the course of their training.

Sustainability of microfinance institutions depends, among other factors, on having appropriate repayment levels. This article's contribution to the existing literature is the analysis of the role of a personality trait named "grit" in individual microcredit repayment decisions, alongside cognitive characteristics and time and risk preferences. This study is based on a survey of a sample of clients at 'Provident México', a formal microfinance institution that provides personal loans in vulnerable communities in Puebla, Mexico. We find evidence that, generally, older individuals possessing higher levels of grit and a tendency toward short term present bias are more likely to show no delays in loan repayments. Cognitive characteristics are inversely related to paying microcredits on time. Refinancing incentives does not play a key role in timely microcredit repayment, a result that is contrary to related literature but consistent with our finding that individuals in this sample that do not have delays in repayments are characterized by showing a short term present bias. El papel de las características cognitivas y de personalidad en el pago oportuno de microcréditos: Evidencia de una encuesta realizada por Provident, México. RESUMEN La sostenibilidad de las instituciones microfinancieras depende, entre otros factores, de tener niveles apropiados de repago. Este trabajo contribuye a la literatura existente al analizar el papel de un rasgo de personalidad denominado "diligencia" ("grit" en inglés) en las decisiones de repago de microcréditos individuales, junto con las habilidades cognitivas y las preferencias de tiempo y riesgo. Este estudio se basa en una encuesta aplicada a una muestra de clientes en 'Provident México', una institución formal de microfinanzas que ofrece préstamos personales en comunidades vulnerables en Puebla, México. Los resultados obtenidos indican que, en general, las personas mayores que poseen niveles más altos de diligencia, y que tienden a tener un sesgo por el corto plazo, tienen más probabilidades de no mostrar retrasos en el repago de los préstamos. Las características cognitivas están inversamente relacionadas con el pago de las deudas a tiempo. Los incentivos de refinanciamiento no desempeñan un papel clave en el repago a tiempo del microcrédito, contrario a la literatura. Sin embargo, en nuestra muestra, los resultados concuerdan con el sesgo por el corto plazo de los individuos que no tienen retrasos en sus pagos.

The purpose of this work is to identify and develop a system of measures for psychotherapeutic correction on the basis of identification and comprehensive evaluation of clinical and psychological manifestations and mechanisms of formation of maladaptive states in medical students.In order to achieve this aim, in compliance with the principles of bioethics and deontology, 412 students of the 2-5 academic years of the Kharkiv National Medical University, of both sexes, at the age of 17-22 years, were examined. All the surveyed people were divided into three groups: Group 1 included 215 students-inhabitants of the Eastern Ukraine; Group 2 consisted of 87 students-residents of Luhansk and Donetsk regions, who entered the study at the KhNMU before the ATO; Group 3 consisted of 110 students-migrants from the ATO zone. As the results of the study indicated, students- migrants have a higher level of adaptation disorders, compared with the students of the first and second groups. It was established that the structure of adaptation disorders is represented by depressive, neurasthenic, anxious and dissociative syndrome complexes. Prognostically significant elements in the formation of adaptation disorders are excitability and imbalance, proneness to conflicts in relationships, disturbing confidence, disorganization of behavior, failure to self-regulation, inability to successfully overcome stressful situations, act in conditions of uncertainty, rigidity, and focusing on traumatic and negative feelings. In order to correct the disorders of adaptation in medical students, we developed a system of medical and psychological support, which included individualized use of psychotherapeutic and psycho-educational influences. As a feedback of the psychotherapeutic correction, a positive dynamic of the psychological state was noted: rapid reduction of anxiety and depressive symptoms, reduction of the level of neuro-psychic tension, increase of students' psychophysical activity, positive change of coping strategy.

As alternative options to the traditional use of the traits, the proposals of unity of analysis of the personality offered by two behavioral approaches selected taking into account their pertinence and validity are mentioned: that of the "basic behavioral repertoires", and that of the "interactive styles", quantitatively evaluating them according to their respective degrees of conformity with guidelines of theoretical and practical utility (if they generate research, if they are refutable, if they organize the data, if they serve as a guide, if they have internal coherence and are simple). It is concluded that both proposals have a good livelihood, with a slight advantage (for its greater simplicity) for the basic behavioral repertoires.

Chilean pension fund industry is largely questioned by public; therefore it becomes essential to work on a strategy to enhance brand’s credibility and positioning. This study objective is to analyze and build a brand personality scale to identify consumer’s perception. An exploratory study aided by qualitative tools was carried out to track those brand’s personality traits not considered in Latorre, Martínez and Sotelo (2016). As a result, 38 personality traits have been evidenced in the pension fund administrators industry, some of which are specific to this industrial sector, such as transparency and ambition. This study findings come to complement the five dimensions identified by Aaker (1997) and subsequently validated by Latorre, Martínez y Sotelo (2016).

The objective of this research is to identify the personality traits associated with success in exporting by Mexican entrepreneurs in the Guadalajara metropolitan area. The main justification for carrying out this study is Mexico’s need to reduce its current dependence on manufacturing exports using foreign investment and increase the exports of Mexican companies. According to this study, there is association between export success and personality traits in successful Mexican exporters. With the spread of these findings, it is expected that both universities and business organizations will consider these results when selecting students for programs related to international venture.

The increased and stable presence of immigrant children in preschools and in primary schools in Italy in the last twenty years, makes more and more important the study of the attitudes and behaviours in teachers, parents and children. As it is known, attitudes and behaviours can strongly influence school experience (relationships and achievements) of children from native as well as from immigrant families. Several international studies and surveys showed that children from immigrant families are more likely to drop out from school much before getting a diploma or a professional qualification (Anisef et al., 2010; Brunello & Rocco, 2012; De Witte et al., 2013). The reason for it can be found in their socio-demographic conditions, their insufficient knowledge of the host country language and the inadequacy of educational policies for immigrants. Furthermore, the co-existence in the same school of immigrant children and autochthone children creating a constant intercultural and interethnic contact puts forward the need to handle prejudice development, in view of the social integration of the immigrant children. In this paper we present a study exploring the relationship between personality, educational style and prejudice of parents in native and in immigrant families regarding immigrant children’s social integration. Results show important relations among these parents’ characteristics, together with differences between native and immigrant families. These findings could provide a contribution in implementing adequate intervention programmes supporting the school integration of immigrant children.

Personality traits constitute an essential component of the image of politicians that spreads through the media. In the particular case of the satirical press, this image is constructed through a process of simplification, exaggeration and alteration which highlights specific traits susceptible of provoking laughter and disqualification. In this study we propose to analyse this image in terms of a post-discursive ethos, thus mediatised and twisted. In order to do that, we take as a case study 234 headlines and 405 political cartoons published by the weekly Le Canard enchaîné and referring to President Jacques Chirac (1995-2007) during four periods of great political importance. Les traits de caractère constituent un coLes traits de caractère constituent un composant essentiel de l’image des personnalités politiques qui circule dans la société à travers les médias. Dans le cas de la presse satirique, cette image est construite à partir d’un processus de simplification, exagération et altération qui met en exergue certains traits susceptibles d’engendrer le rire et la disqualification. Dans cette étude, nous proposons d'analyser cette image en termes d’un ethos post-discursif satirique –donc médiatique et détourné. Le corpus comprend 234 titres et 405 caricatures politiques publiés par l'hebdomadaire Le Canard enchaîné sur le Président Jacques Chirac (1995-2007) pendant quatre périodes de grande importance politique.

This research proposes a model of brand personality in the context of Chain Drug Stores in Chile, known as ‘Pharmacy Chains Brand Personality’ (PCBP). This proposal mainly considers the model developed by Aaker (1997), but adapted to the features and characteristics of the pharmaceutical industry dimensions. To identify the dimensions proposals for this study, a series of exploratory qualitative procedures such as was made: semi-structured questionnaires, interviews and focus groups, plus an extensive review of the literature. Analyzing the results, it follows that the nature of the model is multidimensional character, since it consists of five dimensions: Transparency, Ambition, Social, Sincerity and Competence. This research aims to provide a model proposal to literature, as an investigative approach to this industry, which was affected by one of the most important cases of collusion in Chile. RESUMEN. La presente investigación propone un modelo de personalidad de marca en el contexto de las Cadenas de Farmacias en Chile, denominado «Pharmacy Chains Brand Personality» (PCBP). Esta propuesta considera principalmente el modelo desarrollado por Aaker (1997), pero se adapta a los rasgos y dimensiones propias de la industria farmacéutica. Para identificar las dimensiones propuestas para este estudio se efectuaron una serie de procedimientos exploratorios de carácter cualitativo, tales como cuestionarios semiestructurados, entrevistas en profundidad y grupos focales, además de una extensa revisión de la literatura. Analizando los resultados obtenidos, se deduce que la naturaleza del modelo es de carácter multidimensional, ya que está conformada por 5 dimensiones: transparencia, ambición, social, sinceridad y competencia. Esta investigación pretende aportar una propuesta de modelo a la literatura, como una aproximación investigativa a esta industria, la cual fue afectada por uno de los casos más importantes de colusión en Chile.

Abstract Following the growing interest in identifying whether personality traits are associated with employee's inclination toward counterproductive work behavior (CWB), the objective of this study was to investigate the relationship between personality traits based on the five-factor model with CWB. Study participants were 381 workers from different socioeconomic and educational levels in public and private organizations, from two Brazilian regions. Agreeableness, conscientiousness and neuroticism factors had statistically significant associations with three CWB dimensions. Linear regression analysis revealed all five personality traits contributed to prediction of CWB dimensions. These findings are discussed in light of international literature.

The paper aims to present the results of the application of the methodology developed by the author, as a scientific result of his doctoral studies, aimed at the education of volitional qualities self control and perseverance, respect to teaching in primary school students. The evaluation of the methodology was carried out through a pretest and posttest pre-experiment with only one group, an intentional sample of two groups, one from third and one from fourth grade. Observation of teaching activities used and techniques designed to ascertain the level of knowledge, emotional bond and behavioral manifestations in primary school students in relation to volitional qualities in study. It was found, when analyzing the final results, positive changes in self-control and perseverance in the school sample, compared to the initial stage of the pre - experiment. These results were verified statistically by applying Spearman ́s rank correlation coefficient test and Wilcoxon ́s peer and allocated ranks, using SPSS.

The assessment of styles of thinking and creating can provide important information about the preferences of individuals and their behavior. The aim of this study was to investigate styles of thinking and creating on undergraduate students according course of origin and gender. The sample was compounded by 439 students (79 men and 360 women) studying Administration and Psychology courses, ages between 18 and 55. The scale “Styles of Thinking and Creating” of Wechsler was administered collectively. The results of Analysis of Variance indicated that the variables gender and course didn’t have a significant influence on the styles, only the interaction between these variables in relation to the relational‑divergent style. The findings indicate the need for further studies on the styles of thinking and creating involving more students to obtain knowledge about the cognitive preferences and behavior preferences of Brazilian undergradutates.

Este estudo objetivou analisar as relações entre interesses, personalidade e inteligência em adolescentes. Participaram 211 alunos do ensino m��dio do estado do Paraná, com média de idade de 16,5 (DP=0,5). Foram utilizadas a Escala de Aconselhamento Profissional e o Self Directed Search para medida dos interesses; a Bateria Fatorial de Personalidade e a Bateria de Provas de Raciocínio. Foi realizada uma análise fatorial com os escores dos quatro testes supracitados, e uma solução de seis fatores indicou maior coerência teórica e prática para compreender as associações entre traços de personalidade, interesses e habilidades cognitivas. Os escores de interesse nos dois testes estiveram mais relacionados, juntamente com alguns fatores de personalidade, com exceção dos traços neuroticismo e realização, enquanto as provas de inteligência não se agruparam com interesses ou personalidade. Discute-se a utilidade de testes que medem os construtos interesses, personalidade e inteligência em orientação profissional.This study aimed at analyzing the relationships between interests, personality and intelligence with adolescents. 211 High School students participated in this research, from Paraná, mean age 16.5 years old (SD=0.5). Students answered the "Escala de Aconselhamento Profissional" and Self Directed Search for measuring interests, the "Bateria Fatorial de Personalidade", for personality assessment and the "Bateria de Provas de Raciocínio", for cognitive assessment. Factor analysis was conducted with scores of the four tests mentioned, and a six-factor solution was more coherent in theoretical and practical terms, in order to help understanding relationships between personality traits, interests and cognitive abilities. The interests' scores on the two tests were more related to each other, including some personality aspects, except for neuroticism and conscientiousness. Intelligence tests were grouped in a single factor, showing no strong relation to interests or personality. The importance of using tests for measuring interests, personality and intelligence is discussed, considering vocational guidance context.

Com o objetivo de explorar evidências de validade para uma escala de estilos cognitivos em relação a traços de personalidade, foram estudados 135 universitários de ambos os sexos. Os dois instrumentos foram aplicados coletivamente em sala de aula. A escala para medir estilos cognitivos informava sobre os estilos convergente, divergente, holista, serialista, reflexividade e impulsividade; enquanto o inventário de adjetivos marcadores da personalidade fornecia dados sobre os traços realização, extroversão, neuroticismo, abertura e socialização. Com base em suas definições esperavam-se encontrar nove correlações entre os estilos cognitivos e os traços de personalidade. Os dados obtidos não mostraram diferenças nas dimensões de estilo cognitivo relacionadas ao gênero e à idade. Também foram encontradas 12 correlações significativas, cinco delas confirmando as hipóteses e as outras não. Embora algumas evidências de validade para a escala de estilos cognitivos tenham sido detectadas, já que algumas hipóteses foram confirmadas, sugere-se a realização de novas pesquisas que explorem mais esse construto, tanto teoricamente como em relação a validade.135 undergraduates, of both genders, were studied to explore validity evidences of a scale of cognitive styles in relation to personality traits. The two tests were collectively applied in classroom. The scale of cognitive styles assessed about the convergent, divergent, holist, serialist, reflexivity and impulsiveness styles; whereas the personality inventory of adjectives markers assessed the agreeableness, extraversion, conscientiousness, neuroticism, openness. Based on their definitions, nine correlations were expected to find among cognitive styles and personality traits. The obtained data did not show differences in the dimensions of cognitive style related to gender and age. Besides, 12 significant correlations were found, five of them confirming the hypotheses, but not the other ones. Although some validity evidences for the scale of cognitive styles have been detected, since some hypothesis were confirmed, the accomplishment of new researches is suggested to explore more that construct, considering both the theory and evidences of validity.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the performance of the Dimensional Clinical Personality Inventory (DCPI) using Rasch-based person and item analysis. 1281 participants were recruited, between 18 and 90 years of age (M=26.64; SD=8.94), 431 men (33.6%) and 127 (9.9%) patients diagnosed with axis I disorders and/or axis II according to DSM-IV-TR. Results indicated the IDCP scales performed reasonably well, and the usefulness of the analyses presented, demonstrate the Rasch model’s applicability for clinical applications. Among the important tools offered by the Rasch model, we explore the use of the person-item map, which visually presents the intuitively understandable psychological construct along the dimensional scale of the instrument.

Este trabalho teve como objetivo o desenvolvimento de um estudo correlacional entre habilidades sociais e traços de personalidade segundo o modelo dos cinco grandes fatores. Foram sujeitos da pesquisa 189 estudantes universitários, de ambos os sexos (41 homens e 148 mulheres), de 18 a 59 anos (média 26,3 anos), primeiro-anistas dos cursos de Letras, História, Psicologia, Pedagogia e Biologia. Foram aplicados o Inventário de Habilidades Sociais, que informa sobre (a) enfrentamento com risco, (b) auto-afirmação na expressão de afeto positivo, (c) conversação e desenvoltura social, (d) auto-exposição a desconhecidos e a situações novas e (e) auto-controle da agressividade a situações aversivas; e um Inventário de Personalidade que informa sobre os cinco grandes fatores: extroversão, socialização, escrupulosidade, neuroticismo e abertura para novas experiências. Encontrou-se que a variância de enfrentamento com risco pode ser explicada principalmente por extroversão e abertura para novas experiências; auto-afirmação na expressão de afetos positivos, por socialização e equilíbrio emocional; conversação e desenvoltura social, pelo conjunto equilibrado de todas os cinco grandes fatores, exceto escrupulosidade; auto-exposição a desconhecidos e a situações novas, por extroversão e equilíbrio emocional; e auto-controle da agressividade por socialização.The purpose of this study was to investigate de correlation of social skills to personality traits by the big five factors model. The Ss were 189 undergraduates, 41 men and 148 women, from 18 to 59 ys. old (mean 26,3 ys. old), freshmen of the Literature, History, Psychology, Pedagogy, and Biology courses. The instruments were the Social Skills Inventory, which informs about (a) confront with risk, (b) self-affirmation on the positive affect expression, (c) conversation and social easiness, (d) self-exposure to strangers and new situations, and (e) self-control of aggressiveness in aversive situations; and an Personality Inventory which informs about the big five factors: extraversion, agreeableness, conscientiousness, neuroticism and openness. The confront with risk variance was explained by the extraversion and openness; self-affirmation on the positive affect expression, by agreeableness and emotional balance; conversation and social nimbleness, by the equality in all personality factors; self-exposure to strangers and new situations, by extraversion and emotional balance, and self-control of aggressiveness in aversive situations, by agreeableness.