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The objective of this research is to investigate how the Self-Assessment Policy is being implemented and the perspectives for Learning and Organizational Innovation in Postgraduation Programs stricto sensu in Business Administration of public Higher Education Institutions (IES – Instituições de Ensino Superior) in Brazilian Northeast Region. Methodologically, a multi-case study was conducted with four Postgraduation Programs; evidence was produced from interviews and documentary research and treated through Content Analysis. The conclusion is Self-Assessment can be translated into an Organizational Learning process, in which the analysis of the knowledge produced can lead to changes and innovations in the Programs. Elements confirming the perspective of learning, based on facilitating aspects, arranged in four dimensions (Experimentation, Interaction with the external environment, Dialogue, and Participatory decision-making) were identified. There was also an assertive perception regarding the perspectives for Organizational Innovation, highlighting, among other aspects, changes in the training process, approximation to other sectors of civil society, and changes in the management model. The results can help discussions about Self-Assessment in the postgraduation scenario and contribute to insights understanding learning and innovation in Postgraduation Programs beyond isomorphic aspects.

Organizations from all sectors are in a constant struggle to survive and face changes in the globalized and complex environment. Where variables related to human resources that improve performance become relevant to adapt. Under this scenario, the purpose of this document is to identify the relationship between organizational learning and performance, through a systematic review of the literature where selection and inclusion criteria were established, as well as a research strategy. Among the primary findings, it stands out that countries belonging to Asia have been more focused on these issues, since most of the articles reviewed come from there and most of them have a quantitative approach. Furthermore, some researches added variables such as knowledge management, innovation, transformational leadership, among others. It was concluded that these are important subjects, which have been studied very little, and that the qualitative and mixed approach were studied to a lower extent. Therefore, an investigation of both variables has the potential to be innovative and interesting for academy, as well as for entrepreneurs and managers who wish to increase performance.

Introducción: El turismo en las últimas décadas ha tenido en muchos países un rol determinante en el crecimiento de la economía. Cuba también ha estado apostando por el sector terciario y las inversiones realizadas en las últimas tres décadas y lo previsto hasta el 2030 así lo demuestran. En la presente investigación se realiza un análisis de la correlación entre la resiliencia y el aprendizaje organizacional, resulta un tema actual y novedoso ya que no se han encontrado antecedentes de este tipo de correlación en el sector hotelero de nuestro país. Objetivo: Establecer la correlación entre la resiliencia organizacional y el aprendizaje organizacional en una instalación hotelera. Métodos: El estudio se realizó desde un enfoque cuantitativo, con un diseño no experimental, transversal y descriptivo-correlacional, y su alcance es exploratorio pues no se conocen investigaciones previas sobre el tema en este sector. Para su implementación se utilizó una muestra de 44 empleados. Se aplicó el Cuestionario de resiliencia organizacional de Salanova (2016) y el cuestionario Dimensiones de las organizaciones que aprenden de Watkins y Marsick (1997). Los resultados obtenidos por estos instrumentos fueron analizados en el programa estadístico SPSS. Resultados: Los resultados demuestran que la resiliencia y el aprendizaje organizacional presentan una relación directa y fuerte. Conclusiones: Se obtuvo una correlación directa y fuerte entre las variables resiliencia organizacional y aprendizaje organizacional y se recomienda continuar realizando investigaciones en este sentido Introduction: Tourism in recent decades has played a decisive role in the growth of the economy in many countries. Cuba has also been betting on the tertiary sector and the investments made in the last three decades and the forecast until 2030 demonstrate this. In the present research, an analysis of the correlation between resilience and organizational learning is carried out. This turns out to be a current and novel issue since no history of this type of correlation has been found in the hotel sector of our country. Objective: To establish the correlation between organizational resilience and organizational learning in a hotel facility. Methods: The study was conducted from a quantitative approach, with a non-experimental, cross-sectional and descriptive-correlational design. Its scope is exploratory because there is no known previous research on the subject in this sector. A sample of 44 employees was used for its implementation. The Organizational Resilience Questionnaire of Salanova et al. (2016) and the Dimensions of Learning Organizations questionnaire of Watkins and Marsick (1997) were applied. The results obtained by these instruments were analyzed in the statistical program SPSS. Results: The results show that resilience and organizational learning have a direct and strong relationship. Conclusions: A direct and strong correlation was obtained between the variables organizational resilience and organizational learning and it is recommended to continue conducting research in this regard

Abstract Purpose: This research analyzed the influence of the acquisition, assimilation, and exploitation of knowledge on the organizational response capacity, given the moderation of the technological level in Mexican manufacturing companies. Originality/value: A conceptual contribution of response capacity as an understanding of organizational agility is fundamentally necessary for organizations facing changing conditions to use new knowledge to achieve the objectives of the organization, employees, and shareholders. An empirical contribution from the absorptive capacity to make companies respond with innovations to environmental changes and help them develop their absorptive capacity so the opportunities and restrictions in their technological level within a company can be seen. Design/methodology/approach: The quantitative study was conducted through a survey with a sample of 102 manufacturing companies that promoted some innovation activity in the State of Mexico, Mexico. The data were analyzed using a hierarchical regression model. Findings: The results showed that the technological level only moderated the relationship between the assimilation of knowledge and organizational response capacity. Also, this study contributed empirically by showing that companies have the same opportunity to improve their absorptive capacity and respond to changes in the environment regardless of their technological level. Objetivo: Esta pesquisa analisou a influência da aquisição, da assimilação e da exploração do conhecimento sobre a capacidade de resposta organizacional, dada a moderação do nível tecnológico nas empresas manufatureiras mexicanas. Originalidade/valor: Uma contribuição conceitual da capacidade de resposta como compreensão da agilidade organizacional é fundamentalmente necessária para organizações que enfrentam condições de mudança para usar novos conhecimentos para atingir os objetivos da organização, funcionários e acionistas. Trata-se de uma contribuição empírica da capacidade de absorção para fazer as empresas responderem com inovações às mudanças do ambiente e ajudá-las a desenvolver sua capacidade de absorção de modo que possam ser vistas as oportunidades e restrições em seu nível tecnológico dentro de uma empresa. Design/metodologia/abordagem: O estudo quantitativo foi realizado por meio de uma survey com uma amostra de 102 empresas manufatureiras que realizaram alguma atividade de inovação no Estado do México, México. Os dados foram analisados por meio de um modelo de regressão hierárquica. Resultados: Os resultados mostraram que o nível tecnológico apenas moderou a relação entre assimilação de conhecimento e capacidade de resposta organizacional. Além disso, este estudo contribuiu empiricamente para mostrar que as empresas têm a mesma oportunidade de melhorar sua capacidade de absorção e responder às mudanças no ambiente independentemente do seu nível tecnológico.

The aim of this study is to analyze the effects of Organizational Learning (OL) and Entrepreneurial Orientation (EO) on the profitability of MSMEs. To this end, field research was conducted on a sample of 1,620 companies located in Argentina (630), Mexico (550), and Ecuador (440). The data collection was carried out between May and September 2020, through a structured questionnaire addressed to the highest level of the company. The results were analyzed and validated using the partial least square (PLS) structural equation modeling (SEM) statistical technique. This work contributes to the development of the literature on dynamic capabilities, social capital theory, and stakeholder theory. Our results reveal that Entrepreneurial Orientation is a determinant variable for generating better Environmental Corporate Social Responsibility (ESCR) practices and is key to increasing the financial profitability of MSMEs. Furthermore, it is found that ESCR is a variable that partially mediates between EO and the Performance of MSMEs.

El presente trabajo constituye el primer esfuerzo por medir la evolución de las micro y pequeñas empresas (mypes) en la ciudad de Tehuacán y la zona conurbada; el análisis tiene su origen en el estudio que se hizo en 2015 y que mapeó las actividades y las estrategias de los directivos, las cuales se compararon con los resultados obtenidos en 2020, justo antes de que surgiera la pandemia por COVID-19. Se analizaron 1 013 micro negocios desde el punto de vista sistémico y de la arquitectura organizacional. El estudio usa el método cuantitativo, longitudinal y demuestra que las mypes han crecido en algunos aspectos, como es el uso de las Tecnologías de la Información y la Comunicación (TIC) y los recursos humanos, pero persisten los problemas en las ventas, además, han retrocedido en algunos temas, tales como la posventa. Abstract This study constitutes the first effort of measuring the evolution of micro and small enterprises (MSEs) in the City of Tehuacan and its surroundings; the analysis originates from research carried out in 2015 and which mapped directors’ activities and strategies that were compared to results obtained in 2020, just before the COVD-19 breakout. 1 013 micro enterprises were analyzed from a systematic point of view and organizational architecture. This study uses a longitudinal quantitative method and demonstrates that MSEs have grown in some aspects such as the use of Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) and human resources, but problems in sales persist furthermore some have dropped such as post-sales.

Purpose: This research analyzes the influence of interorganizational learning (IOL) on the absorptive (Acap), potential (Pacap) and realized (Racap) capacities on the environment of small and medium enterprises (SMEs). Originality/value: The study contributed to the understanding and expansion of IOL research operationalized through the elements of Acap. The understanding of these elements are fundamental for the development of competencies of SMEs from Brazil and/or emerging countries embedded on dynamic sectors and high technology mobility to adapt and develop new dynamic capabilities. Design/methodology/approach: The research was conducted by a survey with a sample of 215 organizations of the information technology and communication (ITC) sector in the State of Santa Catarina, Brazil. The data were analyzed using the structural equation modeling technique. Findings: The results showed that the relationships of IOL influence the development of new capabilities and have a strong influence over absorptive capacity development. The organizations ability to acquire, assimilate, apply and internalize the available knowledge in the sector through interorganizational relations was fundamental for their adaptation and survival. / Objetivo: Esta pesquisa analisa a influência da aprendizagem interorganizacional (AIO) sobre a capacidade absortiva (Acap), potencial (Pacap) e realizada (Racap), no ambiente de pequenas e médias empresas (PMEs). Originalidade/valor: O estudo contribuiu para o entendimento e a expansão das pesquisas da AIO operacionalizadas por meio dos elementos da Acap. A compreensão desses elementos é fundamental para o desenvolvimento de novas competências das PMEs brasileiras e/ou de países emergentes, imersas em setores dinâmicos e de alta mobilidade tecnológica, para se adaptarem e desenvolverem novas capacidades dinâmicas. Design /metodologia/abordagem: A pesquisa foi realizada por meio de uma survey em uma amostra de 215 PMEs do setor de tecnologia da informação e comunicação (TIC) no estado de Santa Catarina, Brasil. Os dados foram analisados a partir da técnica de modelagem de equações estruturais. Resultados: Os resultados demonstraram que as relações de AIO são capazes de influenciar o desenvolvimento de novas competências e possuem forte influência sobre o desenvolvimento da Acap. A habilidade das organizações em adquirir, assimilar, aplicar e internalizar os conhecimentos disponíveis no setor, por meio de relações interorganizacionais, foi fundamental para a adaptação e sobrevivência.

Purpose: The study analyzes the occurrence of learning through expe­rience and the development of collective skills as a result of a program aimed to build a culture of innovation. Originality/value: The study contributes to the theoretical discussion about innovation as a social process of experiential learning. From the practical point of view, it shows that the deliberate application of a method and a process in the construction of the innovation culture stimulates the learning of individual and collective abilities favorable to innovation, as well as behavioral and organizational changes. Design/methodology/approach: Participant observation was used to compile the report, and an ex post facto survey based on in-depth interviews was used to evaluate the results. The analysis was based on the phenomenological semiotics with the support of Atlas.Ti® software in the process of description, reduction and interpretation, to apprehend the awareness of the subjects’ experience. Findings: The following results were obtained: 1. the occurrence of collective learning by the construction of solutions based on the combination of ideas of subjects with different perspectives and abilities, and by the deliberate application of a method and a process; 2. building a new collective sense for innovation, as a constantly moving realization, requiring concrete behavioral changes, and a new look at reality. The study also pointed out that the theoretical approach that considers innovation as a social process of experiential learning contributes to the understanding of how the construction of the innovation culture takes place, and that this is part of the process of building innovation itself. / Objetivo: O estudo analisa a ocorrência de aprendizagem pela experiência e o desenvolvimento de habilidades coletivas como resultado de um programa voltado à construção de cultura de inovação. Originalidade/valor: O estudo contribui para a discussão teórica acerca da inovação como um processo social de aprendizagem experiencial. Do ponto de vista prático, aponta que a aplicação deliberada de um programa voltado para a construção da cultura de inovação provoca a aprendizagem de habilidades individuais e coletivas favoráveis à inovação, além de mudanças comportamentais e organizacionais. Design/metodologia/abordagem: Para a elaboração do relato do programa, utilizou-se observação participante, e, para a avaliação dos resultados, adotou-se uma pesquisa ex post facto baseada em entrevistas em profundidade. A análise baseou-se na semiótica fenomenológica com suporte do software Atlas.Ti® no processo de descrição, redução e interpretação, para apreender a consciência da experiência dos sujeitos. Resultados: Os seguintes resultados foram obtidos: 1. a ocorrência de aprendizagem coletiva pela consciência da construção de soluções com base no cruzamento e na combinação de ideias de sujeitos com perspectivas e habilidades diferentes, e pela aplicação deliberada de um método e de um processo; 2. a construção de um novo sentido coletivo para a inovação, como uma realização em constante movimento, que requer mudanças comportamentais concretas, e um novo olhar sobre a realidade. O estudo apontou ainda que a abordagem teórica que considera a inovação como um processo social de aprendizagem experiencial contribui para a compreensão de como se dá a construção da cultura de inovação e que esta é parte do processo de construção da inovação propriamente dita.

Susceptible to rapid changes in the market and technology, companies need to be able to make change a natural condition and quickly adapt their strategies to ceaseless developments. Thus, good information emerges as a survival factor for companies that want to be successful. From a quantitative approach, this exploratory-descriptive research collected the data through a questionnaire made available online, with the objective of analyzing the attitude of decision-makers in the ornamental stone sector on the use of information as a way of thinking and strategic practice. The results showed that managers value the information to adapt the practices of competitive intelligence as strategic of development. They also revealed that the most important points are related to the active search for the foresight information that helps in the identification of threats and opportunities and allows improvements in the decision-making process aiming at the creation of resources and wealth. RESUMO Suscetíveis a rápidas mudanças no mercado e na tecnologia, as empresas precisam ser capazes de fazer da mudança uma condição natural e adaptar rapidamente suas estratégias a evoluções incessantes. Assim, a boa informação surge como fator de sobrevivência para as companhias que querem ser bem-sucedidas. De abordagem quantitativa, esta pesquisa exploratório-descritiva coletou os dados por meio de um questionário disponibilizado on-line, com o objetivo de analisar a atitude dos gestores decisores do setor de rochas ornamentais sobre o uso da informação enquanto modo de pensar e prática estratégica. Os resultados mostraram que os gestores valorizam a informação para se adaptarem às práticas da inteligência competitiva enquanto estratégica de desenvolvimento, assim como revelaram que os pontos mais importantes estão relacionados à busca ativa pela informação prospectiva que auxilie na identificação de ameaças e oportunidades e possibilite melhorias no processo de toma de decisão visando à criação de recursos e de riquezas.

Purpose – This paper discusses the role of strategy making in organizational learning. By linking organizational learning and strategyas-practice literatures, the objective of this research was to analyze how intertwined the cognitive process and strategic activities are in organizational learning. Design/methodology/approach – The metodology used is a longitudinal qualitative single case study of one of the largest Brazilian companies in the power industry. The unit of analysis is the firm’s growth strategy through mergers and acquisitions from 2003 to 2012. Findings – The findings show that organizational learning involved four sequenced causal flows in which specific types of strategic activities contributed directly or indirectly to learning loops. Originality/value – Our main contribution is to show that the implementation of strategic activities is the key to strategic renewal.

This work aims at presenting a reflection on the relationship between organizational learning and performance adopting the approach of dynamic learning capabilities. It considers different typologies that have been proposed in diverse studies to classify organizational learning by collective scope or individual level. Based on such typologies, the factors that affect the development of organizational learning are selected. This enabled to find the reasons why organizations should view learning as a platform for competitiveness and permanence over time. It is also a measure to ensure maintainability in dynamic and ever-changing environments. Regarding the method, a descriptive literature review of specific time periods was conducted to link OL, dynamic learning capabilities and performance. It used concepts related to the learning organization as a reference. In addition, it was based on the type of organizational learning and the (individual and collective) surrounding environment. Some considerations on organizational learning and business performance highlight the importance of OL for the approach of dynamic learning capabilities and its influence on performance. Finally, the significance of OL in business competitiveness was demonstrated at different levels and structures.

Organizational Learning, despite being a widely debated topic in the literature on management, regarding the hotel industry still suffers from scattered information. This study was conducted with 295 professionals, among them managers and employees of hotels in Brazil and Portugal in order to validate a measuring instrument of organizational learning, properly adapted for hotel industry, and identify differences in the degree of efficiency of the organizational learning process between hotels of different categories, and between managers and employees. Initially a content validation with representatives of the hotel industry was made, then a confirmatory factor analysis was performed. As a result, we obtained a scale with 4 factors and 12 items, which was able to identify differences in the level of organizational learning between hotels and between managers and employees. There is evidence that the ability of individuals and groups to learn is encouraged, but is not being achieved in full in this industry, and that the most critical part of the process involves the dimension of creation and knowledge management in this industry.

El objetivo de este artículo es indicar los vínculos que existen entre el aprendizaje organizacional y el desempeño laboral de los educadores de las instituciones educativas públicas de Chosica: I.E. Nicolás de Piérola, I.E Josefa Carrillo, I. E. Emilio del Solar, I.E. Pablo Patrón., I.E. de Aplicación. Para el cumplimiento de dicho objetivo la investigación, de diseño descriptivo correlacional, tomó una muestra de 157 docentes, a quienes se les aplicó el inventario del Aprendizaje Organizacional y el del Desempeño Laboral Docente. Los resultados muestran que hay relaciones significativas y positivas entre el aprendizaje organizacional y el desempeño laboral de los maestros, del nivel primario y secundario, de las Instituciones Educativas Públicas del distrito de Chosica. Además, existen diferencias significativas respecto del aprendizaje organizacional y el desempeño laboral entre los maestros de las diversas Instituciones indicadas, siendo los maestros de las instituciones educativas Nicolás de Piérola y Emilio Del Solar los que superan a los maestros de las otras instituciones públicas en ambas variables de estudio.

the aim of the paper is to review the tools used to investigate organizational learning in order to propose a survey guide. When diagnosing an organizational learning, investigation plays a key role. By incorporating various levels, an investigation takes into account the views of participants on the dimensions of the organizational learning. On the other hand studies that use a qualitative approach to this topic are less common when it comes to include an inductive process from the perspective of the actors involved in learning process. Based on the identification and operationalization of the dimensions considered, as well as the techniques carried out in the survey of information, this paper presents several research questions designed to identify the processes, barriers, facilitators, and impacts originated within the organizational learning processes, as opportunities to recover and include among the organizational routines lessons learned in solving the problems the organizations need to face.

Purpose: To review the scientific production on organizational learning, which made use of the practice-based studies approach, concerning the production evolution, the author's profile, methodological characteristics, and correlated themes. Originality/value: Organizational learning presents gaps regarding contributions from other areas, such as Sociology. Practice Based Studies (PBS) have the sociological bias and the social space as a locus of learning processes and knowledge generation. No studies have been identified that review the national scientific production on organizational learning in the PBS context, reinforcing the potential contributions of this work. Design/methodology/approach: The research covered the papers available in Spell's database and in Capes Journals Portal, published until 2017, 42 in total. Those were systematically reviewed in a qualitative approach. Ucinet6 and NetDraw software were also used in the analysis. Findings: The publications are recent and focus on journals of national and international impact. The authorship is under responsibility of small groups, evidencing a partnership among the authors. The number of theoretical papers and the relevance of their contributions are significant. As for the empirical studies, there is a predominance of case study and interview. As to the themes, topics relevant to the PBS theoretical-methodological proposal are discussed. It was concluded that PBS, by taking the practices inserted in the context of organizations as a locus of learning study, reveal a potential to fill gaps in the traditional organizational learning perspective. Objetivo: Revisar a produção científica sobre aprendizagem organizacional, que utilizou a abordagem dos estudos baseados em prática, no tocante à evolução da produção, ao perfil de autoria, às características metodológicas e às temáticas correlatas. Originalidade/valor: A aprendizagem organizacional apresenta lacunas quanto a contribuições de outras áreas como sociologia. Os estudos baseados em práticas (EBP) têm o viés sociológico e o espaço social como lócus para os processos de aprendizagem e a geração de conhecimento. Não foram identificados estudos que revisem a produção científica nacional em aprendizagem organizacional no contexto dos EBP, reforçando as contribuições potenciais deste trabalho. Design/metodologia/abordagem: A pesquisa abrangeu os artigos disponíveis na base de dados da Spell e no portal de periódicos da Capes, publicados até 2017, no total de 42. Esses artigos foram revisados sistematicamente e numa abordagem qualitativa. Também foram utilizados os softwares Ucinet6 e NetDraw na análise. Resultados: As publicações são recentes e concentram-se em periódicos de impacto nacional e internacional. A autoria está sob responsabilidade de pequenos grupos, ficando em evidência a parceria entre autores. São significativas a quantidade de artigos teóricos e a relevância de suas contribuições. Nos estudos empíricos, predominam o estudo de caso e a entrevista. Quanto às temáticas, são discutidos temas relevantes à proposta teórico-metodológica dos EBP. Concluiu-se que os EBP, por tomarem as práticas inseridas no contexto das organizações como lócus para o estudo da aprendizagem, revelam potencial para preencher lacunas da perspectiva tradicional da aprendizagem organizacional.

A literatura de aprendizagem organizacional reconhece a importância da experiência e da reflexão. Contudo, ainda se observa uma carência de pesquisas abordando estes temas relacionados ao storytelling, haja visto, que o ato de contar histórias possibilita que experiências sejam mais facilmente explicitadas e refletidas no contexto organizacional. Baseado nesta afirmação, o objetivo deste ensaio teórico foi refletir sobre o papel do Storytelling como um meio de ligação entre Aprendizagem Organizacional, Reflexão e Experiência. Desse modo, os resultados deste estudo apontam que o storytelling contribui para o processo de reflexão, de modo que as histórias contadas se tornam um meio para reflexão, onde os ouvintes são estimulados a refletirem pela experiência explicitada pelo storytelling. Seguindo nesta linha de raciocínio, idealizou-se um framework conceitual contendo categorias que fundamentam o processo de reflexão estimulado pelo storytelling.

Resumen. El objetivo del presente artículo es exponer las ideas básicas sobre las organizaciones que aprenden y las universidades como organizaciones inteligentes y definen un grupo de acciones para fortalecer la gestión de conocimiento y el aprendizaje organizacional. La era actual es considerada como la era del conocimiento, pues el éxito de las organizaciones radica fundamentalmente en el buen manejo de los recursos intangibles de las organizaciones. El conocimiento es un recurso que se puede transferir y tiene como base el uso de la información necesaria para solucionar problemas y estimular la obtención de resultados. Los autores sintetizan los resultados de investigaciones desarrolladas en este tema, destacando la importancia del enfoque de gestión socioeconómica dirigido al mejoramiento de la estrategia organizacional y del capital intelectual y su papel en las organizaciones para obtener ventajas competitivas y así trabajar por alcanzar estadios superiores como organizaciones inteligentes. Se valora la importancia de introducir en la educación superior ecuatoriana, la gestión de buenas prácticas y el uso de la experiencia y se argumentan las razones por las que es posible abordar la gestión educativa bajo los preceptos de las organizaciones inteligentes. English abstract: The aim of the paper is to present the basic ideas about learning organizations and universities as learning organizations and define a set of actions to strengthen knowledge management and organizational learning. The present era is regarded as the era of knowledge, because the success of organizations lies primarily in the proper management of intangible resources of organizations. Knowledge is a resource that can be transferred and is based on the use of the information needed to solve problems and stimulate the achievement of results. The authors summarize the results of research developed on this issue, stressing the importance of the approach of socio-economic management aimed at improving organizational strategy and intellectual capital and its role in organizations to gain competitive advantage and thus work to reach higher stages as organizations intelligent. the importance of introducing in the Ecuadorian higher education, good management practices and use of the experience is valued and the reasons why it is possible to address educational management under the precepts of intelligent organizations argue.

Given the significant role played by subcontracting in recent years and the rise of supply chains, manage them efficiently is a key factor to consider for improving business performance. A good relationship with customers / suppliers increases the flow of communication and information between them, allowing them to learn from each other, making and organizational learning have come to obtain a cooperative advantage that is beneficial to both. However, despite being many advantages of this relationship, companies are reluctant to share information about your organization, meeting the controversy of losing control and protection of your organization. The objectives of this work are to analyze the influence of organizational learning within the supply chain because it improves the situation of the company, not only in terms of reducing costs but also optimize performance, consider some of the variables that influence this learning and suggest several proposals, laying the groundwork for future research.

This study aimed at identifying the relation of organizational climate and its dimensions from the PMCO measuring test for organizational climate (Cardenas & Villamizar, 2008, as cited in Cardenas, Arciniegas y Barrera, 2009) - in knowledge-sharing behavior, which was measured from the psychosocial variables and organizational conditions of knowledge-sharing behavior test (Castañeda y Fernandez, 2007). 100 participants from two types of organizations participated on this study: one of private nature and one public. A correlation of 0.578 between organizational climate and knowledge-sharing behavior was found. When carrying out an analysis of each organization, it was evident that the level of correlation between climate and knowledge-sharing behavior was highly significant in the public organization: There was a reliability level higher to 99%. There was no correlation found between the two variables studied in the private organization -with an r of 0.093 to 95%. As for the dimensions of climate and knowledge-sharing behavior, the results showed that in all public universities (including level of work, which got the lowest relation) these are statistically significant to 99.9%. In the private university only a relation to the personal growth dimension of 95% was found.

Organizational learning is instrumental to successful adaptation to today’s changing environment. Research on the subject in the context of the hotel industry is scant, however. The present study surveyed 147 Spanish hotels to determine the extent to which they drew from internal and external drivers and cultural and technological enablers and the level of organizational learning attained. These hotels were also characterized by the contingency factors most relevant to the industry and, based on the results, grouped into four clearly distinct clusters. An analysis of the groupings confirmed statistically significant inter-cluster differences. The empirical evidence gathered suggests that while all the hotel establishments studied stressed organizational learning, individual features determined differences in how successfully it is implemented. The inter-cluster differences identified suggest that the valuation of organizational learning varies with hotel type and, therefore, different organizational learning strategies must be implemented to attain higher performance.

La experiencia y práctica internacional fundamentan el conocimiento como recurso estratégico y resultado del aprendizaje organizacional, lo que conduce a plantear la Capacidad Dinámica de Aprendizaje Organizacional vinculada con la obtención de resultados de desempeños positivos y fuente de ventajas competitivas. En este sentido, la empresa de alta tecnología (EAT) del sector de la biotecnología en Cuba representa una experiencia singular lo que se vincula con el problema científico, ya que se necesita explicar, sobre bases científicas, cómo el desarrollo de la Capacidad Dinámica de Aprendizaje Organizacional contribuye a fundamentar el éxito alcanzado por empresas líderes del sector, y que a su vez posibiliten su extensión a otras de su tipo en el sector. A partir de la utilización de la metodología de estudio de caso aplicada al Centro de Inmunología Molecular como caso piloto y el juicio de expertos se obtiene como, principal resultado, un modelo conceptual que fundamenta y explica el éxito alcanzado por empresas líderes de alta tecnología del sector biotecnológico cubano desde el desarrollo de la Capacidad Dinámica de Aprendizaje Organizacional y sus tres dimensiones claves: elementos de gestión técnico-organizativos, comportamiento organizacional y actores externos.

The purpose of this paper is to seek to understand how the recursive process related to organizational capacity for absorption and learning occurs through social integration mechanisms, as exemplified in the implementation of the Paraná Digital Program in two public education institutions in Curitiba, Paraná, during the period from 2007 to 2013. The methodology used was qualitative, exploratory, and descriptive, accomplished by means of a comparative case strategy with a temporal cross-sectional perspective. Data collection was accomplished through interviews, document analysis and participant observation. Content analysis was used to comprehend the data obtained. Results show that a completed absorption capacity process leads to full organizational learning, and that faults in one process impact the other, demonstrating a recursive relationship mediated by social integration mechanisms.

The objective of this study was to analyze the evolution of Brazilian academic publication regarding the term communities of practice, to identify their growth over time, as well as transformations of the concept and conceptual forms used. To this end, we begin with the emergence of the concept of communities of practice through a general review of the classical texts that address the issue. Next, we detail our methodological approaches, which included bibliometric techniques and contextual analysis. The results show that the classic texts discussed in the theoretical part of this article are commonly referenced (bibliometrics) in Brazilian academic production. Despite this, it is evident that, in terms of dissemination, extension, restriction or limitation of the use of the communities of practice concept, there are conceptual modifications linking this concept more with researchers’ purposes and their research than, necessarily, the compatibility of this concept to what is established in the literature on the theme.

this paper presents a preview of a research project underway which aims to identify and characterize the learning developed by organizations in the framework of the implementation of the National Program for Home Care (PNDC) for seniors. In a national context of aging and increasing of demand oriented to ageing population services, the PNCD is formed as a social innovation that is structured from the paradigm of the right of people to access differentiated health and social services throughout life. The PNDC has two components (training of caregivers and caregiving services) that are made by agreements between the national government and state public organizations in various jurisdictions (national, provincial and municipal) and non-state public organizations (non governmental organizations NGOs) and labor unions across the country.This work focuses on the characterization and description of the learning in problem solving by state and non-state public organizations (NGOs) running the PNCD. For this purpose are shown the results of a survey of 46 implementing organizations.

in reviewing current research, it has been discussed how an organization creates competitiveness dynamics different from other, linking with the ability to learn. It has been widely discussed ontological and epistemological aspect of organizational learning, materializing in practice that leads to knowledge management, however, it is essential to emphasize the role of sociocultural approach in learning processes in organizations, in order to find the best model to trigger organizational learning processes. This paper reviews, analyzes and proposes possible links between learning constructs and organizational culture as a basis for knowledge management, recognizing the organization as a knowledge diffusion unit.

This article, refers to an investigation carried out in Candelaria - Valle del Cauca mayoralty, about the relationship between culture and organizational learning and the implementation of strategies to achieve corporate goals, for its preparation was performed a review of specialized documents that address the subjects to relate, additionally a test was applied to public servants in order to know their perception of organizational learning. From the results of the investigation is concluded that the organization must conduct an assessment of culture in order to implement strategies for effective organizational learning process, articulating with the Development Plan (Organizational Strategic Plan), in order to achieve the corporate objectives.

This study aims to investigate whether the cross-border acquisitions made by Brazilian companies over the past 15 years have improved their financial performance. Drawing on Institutional, Socio-cultural and Organizational Learning theories, this study develops and empirically tests several hypotheses on the determinants of M&A performance. The results demonstrate that the cross-border acquisitions of Brazilian companies improve their financial performance. Financial performance tends to be positive if the cultural distance between the countries of the acquiring and acquired companies is low to medium and if the institutional context in which the acquired company operates is developed. We also find that the relationship between the previous experience of acquiring companies in international M&As and the performance of a new cross-border operation follows an inverted U shape. These findings suggest that studies on international M&As should include the M&A experience of the acquiring firm as well as the institutional characteristics of its target countries.

"Learning and work as strategy of personal development for the institutionalization of the concept of the learning organisation". Learning and work has been taking place for several years and practicing many large companies the workplace-based learning as a method of personal development. The relationship between learning and work is given a high priority not only in education policy, but also in practice. This paper addresses the strategies of personnel development activities to establish the concept of learning organisation in the company through the connection of learning and working. The introductory section of the paper describes the theoretical perspectives and the occasions of the concept of learning organisation as well as the perspectives of the workplace-related learning. The central thesis of this paper provides an overview and critical discussion of learning and working as a component of the organisational learning and the meaning of learning organisation for the company. Besides, the significance of the learning organisation in educational work in companies will also be investigated. Finally, there will be a short identification analysis on the problems and difficulties of integrating learning and working within the workplaces by using the example of Indonesian companies.

Objetivo: describir los conceptos que los directivos tienen acerca de los factores que determinan la gestión del conocimiento en temáticas, como visión estratégica de la organización y política de investigación; identificación, acceso y trasmisión del conocimiento; medios y tecnologías, en las instituciones de salud de mediana y alta complejidad del Valle de Aburra, 2011. Metodología: investigación cualitativa, donde se realizaron quince entrevistas semiestructuradas a los directivos de estas instituciones. Se identificaron categorías y se analizaron e interpretaron a profundidad, utilizando el sistema de codificación compuesto por palabras clave y texto abierto (se usó el software ATLAS: Ti para ingresar, almacenar y analizar la información y el Cmaptools para construir mapas conceptuales). Resultados. Muchos de los entrevistados no tienen claro el concepto de gestión del conocimiento y gran parte de las instituciones no cuentan con políticas de investigación y financiación. En el tema de capacitación, la mayoría de directivos manifestaron que no hay programas de enseñanza definidos, acordes a las necesidades de sus empleados y las demandas del sector salud. Asimismo, tienen dificultades con el aprendizaje debido a factores económicos y de tiempo. Conclusión: a pesar de que los gerentes contemplan elementos de la gestión del conocimiento, es importante buscar la manera para que ellos interioricen el concepto de forma integrada y que no se limiten a concebir la definición como factores aislados Objective: to describe the views that managers from medium- and high-complexity healthcare institutions from Valle de Aburrá (Colombia) have regarding the factors determining knowledge management issues in 2011. Such issues include: the strategic vision of the organization and the research policy; knowledge identification, access and transmission; resources and technologies. Methodology: a qualitative research project where 15 semi-structured interviews were performed with the managers of the studied institutions. Categories were identified, analyzed and interpreted in depth; this was done using a coding system composed of keywords and open texts. Likewise, the atlas Ti software was used to enter, store and analyze the data. Concept maps, in turn, were created using CmapTools. Results: many respondents have no clear concept of knowledge management and most of the institutions do not have policies and funding for research. As for training, most managers stated that training programs are not defined in accordance with the needs of the employees and the demands of the health sector. In addition, they also have difficulties with the training due to economic and time-related issues. Conclusion: Although managers contemplate elements of knowledge management, it is important to find ways for them to internalize the concept in an integrated manner so that theydo notperceive the definition simply as isolated factors

This article aims to present a review of the literature on organizational learning and reflection of the same in the service sector, specifically the hospitality. This study proposes a conceptual model of organizational learning as a competitive advantage based on four dimensions: (1) organizational culture, (2) knowledge, (3) change and innovation and (4) development (continuous improvement). The methodology used in the study was a literature review on the topic. The results show that the organizational learning is the acquisition of a new competence for organizations.

This article aims to review the impact that ICT has had on our society and its contribution to improving the human condition in the present age. It includes the issues around freedom of access to information and democratization in building contents, through reliability and privacy of the information. It is important to take a look at the degree of exploitation of the potential of ICT and digital communication, to mitigate the humanitarian problems posed by today's societies.

En este artículo, se propone un modelo conceptual para el desarrollo de la capacidad de absorción (CAPAB) en organizaciones de sectores con media-baja intensidad tecnológica, a partir de 10 modelos internacionales y la experiencia cubana sobre este tema. Se sustenta la CAPAB como competencia dinámica referida a la identificación/reconocimiento, adquisición/integración/configuración, aplicación/explotación de conocimiento externo relevante. Se exponen avances en la comprensión de los elementos inductores y procesos para el desarrollo de la CAPAB y se exploran aspectos subvalorados en la literatura como: actitud estratégica, concepción de diferentes tipos de conocimiento, así como las innovaciones de proceso y organizacionales. Se establecen los componentes esenciales para las organizaciones de sectores con media-baja intensidad tecnológica, a partir de los cuales se determina un índice empírico para evaluar tal competencia en la empresa de grupos electrógenos y servicios eléctricos, GEYSEL y se analizan los resultados obtenidos.This paper proposes a new model for analysis of the components of absorptive capacity (CAPAB) in organization sat medium-low technological intensity sectors through ten international models and the Cuban experiences concerning to this matter. It is suggested that CAPAB as a dynamic competence referred to identification/recognition, acquisition/ integration/configuration, application/exploitation of relevant external knowledge. The article shows advances on the driver elements and process for the CAPAB understanding by exploring features under valuables in the literature as: strategic attitude, the conception of different relevant types of knowledge, as the process and organizational innovations. It is established the essentials components for organizations at medium-low technological intensity sectors, in order to determine an empiric index to evaluate those competence, at the enterprise GEYSEL and It is analysed the results.

The paper analyzes the organizational learning process experienced in the design of a new packing service for the pharmaceutical sector, using the 4I model designed by Crossan, Lane and White (1999) and its further developments. It was carried out an exploratory study using qualitative research methods. It was found evidence supporting the learning processes stated by the original model and its further developments. The interviews and focus group results suggested that organizational learning is not always a lineal process as stated by the model. Individual and group learning are parallel interacting and unfinished processes. This study contributed to adding empirical evidence to the 4I model of organizational learning and its further developments, in a manufacturing firm.

Este estudo qualitativo teve como objetivo discutir a aprendizagem organizacional no serviço público, buscando analisar sua configuração a partir dos elementos sociais que constituem as práticas de trabalho. Ao adotar a perspectiva socioprática para a análise da aprendizagem organizacional, optou-se pela realização de um estudo de caso numa Unidade de Atendimento Integrado (UAI). A análise dos resultados foi fundamentada nos pressupostos da abordagem interpretativa. Os principais resultados indicam que a aprendizagem socioprática está ainda distante das práticas de gestão no serviço público da unidade analisada, sobretudo em função da prevalência de burocratização e centralização, como elementos cuja natureza bloqueia a fluidez socioprática na gestão e organização das atividades cotidianas no serviço público.Esta investigación cualitativa tuvo como objetivo discutir el aprendizaje organizacional en la administración pública, teniendo como foco analizar la configuración de los elementos que constituyen las prácticas de trabajo social. Al adoptar una perspectiva de práctica social para el análisis del aprendizaje organizacional, se decidió llevar a cabo un estudio de caso en la Unidad de Atención Integral (UAI). La análisis de los resultados se basó en los supuestos del enfoque interpretativo. Los resultados principales indican que el aprendizaje social práctico se encuentra todavía distante de las prácticas de la gestión del servicio público de la unidad analizada, principalmente por causa de prevalecer la burocratización y la centralización como elementos cuya naturaleza impide el ejercicio de la fluidez social práctica en la gestión y la organización de las actividades cotidianas en el servicio público.This qualitative study aimed to discuss organizational learning in public service, trying to analyze its configuration from the elements that constitute social work practices. By adopting a social practice perspective for the analysis of organizational learning, it was decided to carry out a case study on Integrated Unit. The result analysis was based on the assumptions of the interpretative approach. The main results indicate that the social practice learning is still distant of management practices in the public service in the analyzed unit, mainly due to the prevalence of bureaucratization and centralization, as elements whose nature blocks the social practice flow in the management and organization of everyday activities in public service.

This study sought to understand what processes permeate learning that occurs in groups that have as their place of work the front desk of a hotel. This research is classified as a case study which used strategy for data collection semi-structured interviews with receptionists and assistants reception, participant observation and documentary analysis. Collected data were analyzed using interpretive process of textual analysis. It was found that individual learning is informal at that work place, permeated by practice. At group level it was found that some actions are developed from interactive processes among employees of the same work group, however these actions are not incorporated for all members of front desk to be considered as group learning, indicating that this is a group of low learning.

The aim of this paper is to analyze the influence of knowledge management on business performance. First, a review of the literature has been made, in order to define the most common dimensions of knowledge management and results for subsequent measurement. The dimensions of knowledge management have been: creation, storage and transfer and the application and use of knowledge. Information acquisition, dissemination and interpretation have been used as measures for the creation of knowledge. Also, empowerment, teamwork and commitment to knowledge have been used as measures of implementation and use of knowledge. The dimensions of the results used have been: operating results, financial and innovation. The methodology used is based on case study, through primary and secondary data. The results show that knowledge management influences operating results, but also financial and innovation results. Thus, the companies studied which have a higher degree of knowledge management through teamwork, increased empowerment, flexibility in decision-making and a general view of the company, including practices, obtain better results regarding operation, but also financial and innovation results.

La globalización económica y los fenómenos de cambiofomentan la necesidad de contextos organizativos que posibilitengenerar y aplicar nuevo conocimiento. Cuando el objetivode la empresa sea el aprendizaje continuo, la configuraciónorganizativa y el propósito directivo, éstas serán condicionesesenciales para disponer de activos de conocimiento superiores.Indagamos en la relación entre un fenómeno político (gestióndel conocimiento) y otro natural (aprendizaje de la organización)en un marco organizativo determinado. El objetivo esobtener evidencias relevantes sobre el efecto de las variables dediseño organizativo en el aprendizaje y el conocimiento desdela perspectiva de las grandes empresas españolas. ABSTRACT Economic globalization and change phenomena encouragea need for organizational policies that favor generatingand applying a new managerial knowledge. Whena company aims for continuous learning, its organizationalconfiguration and managerial guidance will become fundamentalrequirements to access better knowledge assets. Westudied the relationship between the political (knowledgemanagement) and the natural (organizational learning)phenomena in a specific organizational frame. The aim wasto obtain relevant evidence of the effect of organizationaldesign variables on learning and knowledge from the perspectiveview of large Spanish companies.

Este estudo foi realizado a partir da questão: "Quais as contribuições do processo de análise do ambiente para a aprendizagem organizacional?" Em busca da resposta, efetuou-se, a princípio, uma revisão da literatura que aborda os conceitos e principais aplicações relativos às formas pelas quais a aprendizagem se processa nas organizações. Na seqüência procurou-se igualmente contextualizar a fundamentação teórico-conceitual que permeia os estudos atinentes à estratégia empresarial na atualidade. No plano empírico, realizou-se uma pesquisa qualitativa por meio de estudo de caso na empresa Petrobras, na qual os dados foram colhidos utilizando-se entrevistas. Em primeiro lugar, são apresentados os dados históricos e a descrição do processo de análise do ambiente efetuada no processo de planejamento estratégico na organização pesquisada. A seguir, apresenta-se a visão dos gestores a respeito do aprendizado decorrente desse processo. As declarações dos executivos foram classificadas por categorias e submetidas a análise de conteúdo. Os resultados revelam que os entrevistados vêem a análise do ambiente como meio de aprendizagem organizacional e demonstram acreditar que a aprendizagem resultante contribui para o desempenho da empresa por desenvolver sua capacitação para aprimorar suas ações administrativas. Assim sendo, o estudo proporciona a visão de uma associação entre os processos de planejamento estratégico e aprendizagem nas organizações.Este estudio se realizó sobre la base de la pregunta: «¿Cuáles son los aportes del proceso de analizar el entorno para el aprendizaje organizacional?" Buscando una respuesta, el estudio fue iniciado por una revisión de la literatura que trata sobre los conceptos clave y aplicaciones relacionadas con la forma en que el aprendizaje tiene lugar dentro de las organizaciones. Posteriormente se discute el teórico y conceptual en la literatura para los estudios sobre la estrategia de negocios de hoy. En el plano empírico, se presenta una investigación cualitativa que hace un estudio de caso en Petrobras, en que los datos se recopilaron mediante entrevistas. En primer lugar, presentamos los datos históricos y la descripción del análisis ambiental realizado en el proceso de planificación estratégica en la organización estudiada. A continuación, se presentan las opiniones de los directivos en relación con el aprendizaje derivado del proceso. Las declaraciones de los ejecutivos fueron clasificados por categorías y sometidos a análisis de contenido. Los resultados muestran que los consultados entienden que el análisis del medio ambiente es un medio de aprendizaje en la organización y dicen que que el aprendizaje contribuye al rendimiento del negocio mediante el desarrollo de sus habilidades para mejorar su actuación administrativa. Así, el estudio proporciona la visión de una asociación entre los procesos de planificación estratégica y el aprendizaje en las organizaciones.This study considered the question: "Which are the contributions of environment analysis to organizational learning?" It principiates by means of a literature review that discusses the key concepts and applications related to ways in which learning occurs in organizations. Subsequently, a brief frame concerning to business strategy contextualizes the theoretical and conceptual studies that permeates the discussion of this matter presently. Empirically, a qualitative research was conducted by means of a single case study approach conducted at Petrobras, using interviews . After presenting the history of company and its strategic planning process, the study discusses how managers see their learning when analysing environment. The research reveals that managers see environment analysis as a way to provide learning. They also believe that outcoming learning contributes to company's performance by improving its management ability. The study provided a first look at the nature and composition of both phenomena -Learning and Strategy -in the context of an organization.

Estudos sobre aprendizagem e Educação a Distância (EAD) são encontrados em diversos meios de publicação. Entretanto, a articulação entre estas duas temáticas ainda se encontra como um campo aberto a novos debates. Para contribuir com esta discussão, o objetivo desse estudo é analisar o modo como ocorreu o processo de aprendizagem organizacional na EA/UFRGS, a partir das experiências dos cursos de EAD por ela ofertados no período de 2005 a 2010. Para isso, utilizamos um método qualitativo estudo de caso, analisando a gestão de quatro cursos de EAD da EA/UFRGS. Os dados foram obtidos através de documentos e da observação participante e foram analisados através do emprego da técnica qualitativa da análise interpretativa. Os resultados demonstram que uma série de práticas e papéis foram estabelecidas e alteradas mais através de um processo de tentativa e erro, do que fruto de ações coordenadas, planejadas e formalizadas pelos membros das equipes de EAD. Concluímos, que as práticas refletidas, mantidas e/ou alteradas adotadas na gestão dos cursos de EAD da EA/UFRGS resultaram em aprendizagem organizacional. Porém, a ação integrada de debate e avaliação das rotinas entre os gestores dos quatro cursos analisados, poderia trazer mais benefícios à instituição. O que poderia também reduzir a subjetividade das ações administrativas e pedagógicas.Studies on Learning and Distance Education are found in various forms of publication. However, the articulation between these areas is still an open field for debates. To enhance this discussion, the purpose of this study is to analysis the way that has been occurred the organizational learning in the EA/UFRGS, after the experiences of the courses in distance in the period of 2005 to 2010. We used a qualitative case study method to analyze these four on-line courses at UFRGS. Data were obtained through participant observation and documentation and analyzed through the use of qualitative interpretive analysis technique. Information was collected through participant observation and was analyzed thru a qualitative interpretative technique. Findings showed that a series of practices and roles were set and changed much more as a result of trial and error process than as a result of coordinated and planned actions done by the on-line staff group. We inferred that UFRGS online course management practices that were adopted resulted in organizational learning. However, an integrated discussion and routine evaluation between the managers of the four analyzed courses could bring more benefits to the Business School, reducing the administrative and teaching subjectivity.

This article provides an overview of the important aspects to be considered within learning organizations focused on continuous learning at the individual, group and organizational level, in order to develop the necessary competences and face their environment in a competitive way. This article aims to present several topics covered, from its introduction and identification of knowledge attributes and learning, until what is an intelligent organization, the structural design to be adopted as well as the skills of management to be implemented. The intention of this paper is to contribute to the stock of current theoretical information that serves as a reference for the practical research of the academics.Este artículo es un estudio de los aspectos que deben ser considerados dentro de las organizaciones inteligentes cuyo enfoque se centra en el aprendizaje constante (tanto individual como organizacional) como una estrategia para desarrollar las competencias que les permitan enfrentar el entorno de una manera competitiva. Al exponer dichas temáticas, desde la presentación e identificación de las características del conocimiento y el aprendizaje dentro de una organización inteligente, hasta el diseño estructural a adoptar y las habilidades de gestión gerencial a ejecutar, nuestra intención es contribuir a la aplicación del conocimiento dentro del ámbito de la gestión empresarial.