35 results
Search Results
2. Beliefs of herbal therapies of the community of the Ilam city of Ilam province, Iran
- Author
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Amir S. Mozaffari Nejad, Mahmoud Bahmani, Naseer A. Shah, Sayed A. Shah, and Mahmoud Rafieian-Kopaei
- Subjects
ethnobotany ,family use value ,Ilam ,Iran ,medicinal plants ,medicinal use value ,relative frequency citation ,Therapeutics. Pharmacology ,RM1-950 ,Pharmacy and materia medica ,RS1-441 - Abstract
Context: Documenting folk uses of wild medicinal plants provide an important baseline for the future novel drugs development and pharmacological evaluation. Aims: To document the traditional ethnomedicinal knowledge of Ilam city of Ilam Province, Iran. Methods: Semi-structured interviews were carried out in the study area from 190 informants to document the ethnomedicinal knowledge during 2008-2014. The collected data were assessed with quantitative tools viz. medicinal use value (MUV), family use value (FUV) and relative frequency of citation (RFC). Results: A total of 132 plant species distributed in 116 genera and 51 families were revealed to be used in herbal-based therapy. The highest medicinal plants diversity was shown by Compositae (19 species). A total of 13 types of plant parts were reported to be used in different recipes dominated by leaf (31%). Highest MUV were shown by Alhagi maurorum Medik. (0.87) and Cannabis sativa L. (0.85). In case of RFC, the highest RFC were expressed by Lycium depressum (0.95) followed by Pistacia khinjuk (0.94), Nasturtium officinale (0.93) and Portulaca oleracea (0.90). Highest FUV among small families was shown by Cannabaceae (0.85) and among the large families by Leguminosae (0.55). Conclusions: The study revealed a high medicinal plant diversity that is utilized for long time by the local communities of Ilam to resolve their health-based problems. The plants marked in the present paper could be brought under pharmacological evaluation to further exploit their efficacy. This paper could be an important document for the future generations of the Ilam province, Iran.
- Published
- 2018
3. Ethnobotanical study of medicinal plants in the community of Santa Rita, Ituiutaba – Minas Gerais, Brazil
- Author
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Glaucieli Siqueira Parreira Alves and Juliana Aparecida Povh
- Subjects
Cerrado ,Ethnobotany ,Popular medicine ,Science ,Biology (General) ,QH301-705.5 - Abstract
This paper aimed to inventory the plants used in popular medicine by members of the rural community of Santa Rita, in the town of Ituiutaba, Minas Gerais, Brazil. The evaluation was carried out through interviews, with a semi-structured questionnaire and subsequent collection of the plants indicated by informants. One conducted 47 interviews and 127 species were listed, belonging to 55 Angiosperm families. For obtaining the quantitative data, one calculated the percentage of the Main Use Concordance (cMUC) of each species; for identifying the therapeutic indications with greater importance, one used the Informant Consensus Factor (ICF). The cMUC showed that 5.5% of the plants mentioned are widely used by the community. The predominant botanical families registered were Lamiaceae and Asteraceae, with 14 and 13 records, respectively. The indication of predominant use mainly involved illnesses related to an emotional disorder, as indicated by the ICF. One emphasizes that 60.7% of the plants mentioned in this paper are exotic species; thus, there’s a need for further studies in order to catalogue knowledge on the medicinal plants which are native to this region.
- Published
- 2013
4. El ambiente percibido en la correlación hombre-planta / The perceived environment in the man-plant correlation: approach to a method of studying the lexicon in oral literature
- Author
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María Águeda Moreno Moreno
- Subjects
lexicon ,ethnobotany ,literature ,oral tradition ,life stories ,léxico ,etnobotánica ,literatura ,tradición oral ,historias de vida ,Oral communication. Speech ,P95-95.6 ,French literature - Italian literature - Spanish literature - Portuguese literature ,PQ1-3999 - Abstract
This paper presents a method of studying the lexicon in oral literature. This will study the ethnobotanical lexicon of the province of Jaén, as an example of study and exploitation of the oral records of the Corpus de Literatura Oral (CLO). The study of the texts will show the conceptual history of the speakers of this area and their social and cultural history, as well as the relationship of life they have with their natural environment. Resumen: En el presente artículo se presenta un método de estudio para abordar el conocimiento del léxico cultural que se registra en la literatura oral. Para ello nos aproximaremos al léxico etnobotánico de la provincia de Jaén, como ejemplo de trabajo y explotación de los registros orales que nos proporciona, en este caso, la literatura oral del Corpus de Literatura Oral (CLO). El estudio de los textos nos aproximará a la historia conceptual de los hablantes de esta zona y a su historia social y cultural, así como a la relación de vida que tienen con su entorno natural
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
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5. 'Bitter' manioc (Manihot esculenta): its consumption and the grater used by the indigenous peoples of the Gran Chaco in its preparation
- Author
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Nicolás M. Kamienkowski and Pastor Arenas
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edible plants ,agriculture ,material culture ,indigenous knowledge ,ethnobotany ,cuisine ,History of Civilization ,CB3-482 - Abstract
This paper discusses the cultivation of “bitter” manioc (Manihot esculenta) by the ethnic groups of the Gran Chaco, the preparing for consumption, and also the grater used in the process. It includes a bibliographical review on the subject, and the results of a study made of the graters in different ethnographic museums around the world. Field investigations provided clear evidence of cultivation of the plant, the way in which it was prepared and consumed, as well as the characteristics of the grater. They confirmed consumption of “bitter” manioc by the Maká, Nivaclé, Lengua-Maskoy and Choroti-Manjuy peoples, the steps in preparing it and the peculiarities of the grater used. This plant, the way in which it was cooked and the use of the grater are now practically lost among the ethnic groups of the Gran Chaco.
- Published
- 2017
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6. Food plants in home gardens of the Middle Magdalena basin of Colombia
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Diana Villa and Néstor García
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Agrobiodiversity ,family farming ,food security ,ethnobotany ,Science ,Zoology ,QL1-991 ,Botany ,QK1-989 - Abstract
Home gardens are important reservoirs of agricultural diversity essential to support food security in rural communities. In this paper, we describe the richness and composition of species and varieties of plants used for food in home gardens of the municipality of San Pablo in the Middle Magdalena Basin of Colombia, and discuss its possible relations with a set of socio-economic and structural variables. A survey was conducted in 20 home gardens where semi structured questionnaires were administered to the head of each household, and all plants used as food were recorded. The physical characteristics of the home gardens varied widely. Farmers’ ages varied between 28-90 years and the most frequent level of schooling was primary education. In total, 75 species represented by 162 varieties were found. Plantains (Musa x paradisiaca), mangos (Mangifera indica), guavas (Psidium guajava) and cassavas (Manihot esculenta) were the most diverse and frequent crops across gardens. The mean number of species per home garden was 17.5 (SD = 7.1), ranging from 6 to 33. On average 48% of the species recorded were fruits, followed by spices (17%), roots and tubers (12%) and vegetables (9%). Significant correlations were found between food plant richness and farmers’ ages (rs = 0.461, p = 0.04) and food plant richness and number of family members (rs = -0.487, p = 0.03). Home gardens of San Pablo are important regional agrobiodiversity reservoirs that support families’ nutrition.
- Published
- 2017
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7. De la façon de nommer aux usages des plantes adventices des cultures en pays Jbala (nord du Maroc)
- Author
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Louise Clochey and Yildiz Aumeeruddy-Thomas
- Subjects
ethnobotany ,ethnology ,agricultural mosaic ,adventitious plants ,food practices ,wild edible herbs ,Anthropology ,GN1-890 - Abstract
Agriculture, the main economic pillar of the Rif area (Northern Morocco), has remained in the form of an agro-sylvo-pastoral system first and foremost intended for local consumption. This traditional system brings about a patchwork of farming and forestry environments with a very high agro-biodiversity. The purpose of this paper is to show the practices, habits and perceptions related to weeds in agricultural fields in this region —more specifically Ain Mediouna, in Taounate province. Weeds are inseparable from the whole spontaneous flora and it is only by considering the latter in its entirety that our questions might be answered. In fact, an ethnobotanical approach —involving botanical surveys and targeted investigations into the use of spontaneous plants of the agro-ecosystem combined with ethnographic field methods including participant observation and open interviews as well as the extended follow-up of the inhabitants’ activities and relations among themselves - underpins our work. Through corpora collected from elderly and younger women and men as well as children, we analyze the way their knowledge on weeds and more widely spontaneous plants influences their daily lives and various activities, their ties with the agricultural space and with other people. To illustrate our work, we show the whole body of knowledge revolving around (1) cooking a dish of wild leafy vegetables called beqqula and (2) feeding young calves with spontaneous spring plants. Vernacular taxonomies, and more specifically the ways of naming these spontaneous plants, were analyzed. It is to be noted that the way they refer to the natural world is very different from the way cultivated plants are named. How knowledge and practices vary with the inhabitants’ ages and according to specific activities (animal feeding, pastoral pursuits, making food dishes etc.) is also highlighted. Thus the role of spontaneous plants and more precisely of weeds in feeding humans on the one hand, and animals on the other hand, can be dealt with through both cases (beqqula and animal feeding). Moreover, analyzing the practices linked to them, allows an outline of the role played by these plants in the relations between people, and among people and animals, within the investigated territory.
- Published
- 2017
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8. Plantas y hongos tintóreos de los wichís del Gran Chaco
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María Eugenia Suárez and Pastor Arenas
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Tinturas vegetales ,Etnobotánica ,Botánica económica ,Arte textil ,Argentina ,Plant dyes ,Ethnobotany ,Economic botany ,Textile art ,Science ,Botany ,QK1-989 - Abstract
Se presentan los resultados de una investigación etnobotánica que trata los tintes vegetales y fúngicos entre los indígenas wichí del Chaco Semiárido. Se realizaron trabajos de campo con informantes calificados y ocasionales de ambos sexos en localidades de las provincias argentinas de Salta y Formosa. Asimismo, se hizo una revisión minuciosa de la bibliografía vinculada con el tema. Se encontraron 24 especies de plantas y 2 de hongos que son usadas para colorear productos textiles realizados a partir de fibras de cháguar (Bromelia hieronymi y B. urbaniana). Se proporcionan informaciones y detalles sobre los nombres vernáculos de las especies, las partes usadas, los procedimientos de tinción y los colores logrados. El número total de plantas tintóreas encontrado es alto comparado con los que fueron citados para otras etnias chaquenses y se registraron especies que antes no fueron mencionadas como tintóreas entre los wichís.Dye plants and fungi among the Wichí people of the Gran Chaco. This paper presents the results of an ethnobotanical investigation into plant and fungal dyes used by the Wichí people of the Semiarid Chaco. Fieldwork was carried out with occasional and key informants, both men and women, in several locations of Salta and Formosa provinces in Argentina. Moreover, a detailed examination of the bibliography on the topic was conducted. Twenty-four plant species and two fungi that are used for coloring textile products made from cháguar fibers (Bromelia hieronymi and B. urbaniana) were found. Information and details on the vernacular names of the species, the parts that are used, the dying technique and the colors obtained are provided. The total number of dye plants found is high compared with the ones cited among other Chaco ethnic groups, and records were made of species that had not previously been mentioned among the Wichí people as being used for dyes.
- Published
- 2012
9. The use of medicinal plants by an indigenous Pataxó community in NE Brazil O uso de plantas medicinais por uma comunidade indígena Pataxó no NE do Brasil
- Author
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S.T. Lima Cunha, E.D. Rodrigues, C. Alves, T.L. Merrigan, T. Melo, M.L.S. Guedes, A.F. Nascimento, and M.B Toralles
- Subjects
plantas medicinais ,comunidade indígena ,etnobotânica ,Pataxó ,Bahia ,medicinal plants ,indigenous community ,ethnobotany ,Pharmacy and materia medica ,RS1-441 ,Botany ,QK1-989 - Abstract
We identified and classified 48 medicinal plants used by the Pataxó Indians in south Bahia, Brazil. The location is an ecologically threatened area designated by UNESCO as a World Heritage Site. The aim of this paper is to document phytotherapeutic practices in the indigenous community of Mata Medonha. We conducted interviews with the 25 families present at the area. Of the 48 medicinal species identified, only 14 (29%) had been examined for mechanism of action or isolation of biochemical compounds, according to bibliographic research. The plants were deposited at the Alexandre Leal Costa Herbarium of the Federal University of Bahia. We gathered information about the preparation and uses of the plants. The species are used for a variety of maladies, including flu, congestion, bronchitis and headaches, pain, snake bites, and some were only used for women's disorders. The Pataxó ethnopharmacological knowledge is under pressure from the economic outmigration of the community and threats to the biodiversity from logging, mining, and tourism. The plants studied here include important drug candidates. Additional research on the molecular aspects of the species cited should be performed.Foram identificadas e classificadas 48 plantas medicinais usadas por Índios Pataxós no sul da Bahia. A região é área de risco ecológico designada pela UNESCO como Sítio do Patrimônio Mundial. O objetivo deste estudo foi de documentar as práticas fitoterápicas na comunidade indígena da Mata Medonha. Foram conduzidas entrevistas com as 25 famílias presentes no local. Dentre as 48 espécies identificadas, apenas 14 (29%) foram avaliadas quanto ao mecanismo de ação ou isolamento de compostos químicos, de acordo com levantamento bibliográfico. As plantas foram depositadas no Herbário Alexandre Leal Costa da Universidade Federal da Bahia. Foram registradas informações sobre o preparo e uso das plantas citadas. As espécies são usadas para uma variedade de doenças incluindo gripe, congestão, bronquite, dores em geral, picadas de cobra e algumas apenas para doenças femininas. O conhecimento etnofarmacológico Pataxó está sobre pressão pelas migrações para fora da comuindade e ameaças à biodiversidade por desmatamento, mineração e turismo. As plantas estudadas incluem importantes candidatos a fármacos. Pesquisas adicionais sobre os aspectos moleculares devem ser realizadas.
- Published
- 2012
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10. 'Ferveu, queimou o ser da erva': conhecimentos de especialistas locais sobre plantas medicinais na região Sul do Brasil 'Ferveu, queimou o ser da erva': knowledge of local experts on medicinal plants in Southern Brazil
- Author
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C. Baldauf, R.R. Kubo, F. Silva, and B.E. Irgang
- Subjects
etnobotânica ,medicina popular ,Porto Alegre ,conhecimento local ,ethnobotany ,popular medicine ,local knowledge ,Pharmacy and materia medica ,RS1-441 ,Botany ,QK1-989 - Abstract
O objetivo desta pesquisa foi realizar levantamento etnobotânico sobre o conhecimento e uso de plantas medicinais por especialistas locais na comunidade do Lami, situada na região sul de Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul. A metodologia envolveu a aplicação de entrevistas semi-estruturadas e excursões guiadas. Para cada citação as seguintes informações foram registradas: nome botânico e vernacular, uso terapêutico, parte da planta utilizada, preparação e forma de administração. Foi calculado o valor de uso e a porcentagem de concordância quanto aos usos principais corrigida para cada planta citada, bem como o fator de consenso entre informantes para as diferentes categorias de doenças consideradas. Registrou-se o conhecimento sobre 141 espécies medicinais, pertencentes a 63 famílias botânicas. O conhecimento dos especialistas é bastante amplo e inclui o uso de plantas nativas e exóticas quase na mesma proporção. As plantas medicinais representam uma importante alternativa terapêutica na comunidade estudada. O uso associado das medicinas tradicional e convencional, bem como as formas de transmissão e conservação do conhecimento são também discutidos neste artigo.The aim of this study was to conduct an ethnobotanical survey focusing on the knowledge and use of medicinal plants by local experts from Lami community, located in the south region of Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. The methodology involved semi-structured interviews and guided excursions. For each citation the following data were recorded: botanical and vernacular name, therapeutic use, part used, preparation and administration form. The use value was calculated, as well as the corrected percentage of agreement concerning the main uses for each cited plant and the factor of consensus among informants for the different categories of the considered diseases. Knowledge about 141 medicinal species of 63 botanical families was recorded. The experts have an extensive knowledge including the use of native and exotic plants almost at the same proportion. Medicinal plants represent an important therapeutic option in the studied community. The associated use of traditional and conventional medicines, besides the forms of knowledge transmission and conservation are discussed in this paper.
- Published
- 2009
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11. Floristic catalog and georeference of plant species with economic and ecological potential in a restinga of Mata de São João, Bahia, Brazil
- Author
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Erivaldo Pereira Queiroz
- Subjects
restinga ,floristics ,georeferencing ,ethnobotany ,endemics ,Science ,Biology (General) ,QH301-705.5 - Abstract
This paper aims to register in cadastre the species with economic and ecological potential in 46ha of restinga ecosystem, in the municipality of Mata de São João, Bahia, Brazil. A total of 571 specimens, belonging to 109 species and 48 families, was georeferenced (including an additional 39 polygonal lines), and they will be preserved and used as parent plants.
- Published
- 2007
12. Vegetal fibers used in artisan fishing in the Salgado region, Pará
- Author
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Luiz Carlos Batista Lobato, Raimunda Conceição de Vilhena Potiguara, and Jorge Oliveira
- Subjects
Plant fibers ,Ethnobotany ,Brazil ,Pará ,Fishing ,Latin America. Spanish America ,F1201-3799 ,Social Sciences - Abstract
Plant-derived fibers used in small-scale fisheries of the Salgado region of Pará state, Brazil. Fiber-providing plants occupy a distinctive place in the daily life of traditional Amazonian communities, next to medicinal plants, food plants, and timber species. In the Salgado region of Pará state, Brazil, on the Atlantic coast (municipalities of Colares, Curuçá, Magalhães Barata, Maracanã, Marapanim, Salinópolis, Santarém Novo, São Caetano de Odivelas, São João de Pirabas, and Vigia) plant-derived fibers are used in basketwork, ropes, construction reinforcements (in place of nails), body adornments, and clothing. For this survey, data were obtained from craft workers and fishermen in the Salgado region, in about 150 semi-structured interviews. In all, 17 plant species in eight botanical families and 17 genera are used in the preparation of fishing gear. Supports are made from the stems of Marantaceae and stipes of Arecaceae, woven elements are the aerial roots of Araceae and Cyclanthaceae and the stems of vine-like Bignoniaceae and Dilleniaceae, and roofing thatch is made from the leaves and midribs of Arecaceae. The most represented family in terms of number of species and uses was Arecaceae, with 8 species, followed by Dilleniaceae and Araceae, each with 2 species, and Bignoniaceae, Bombacaceae, Cyclanthaceae, Marantaceae, and Poaceae, each with a single utilized species. In addition, this paper provides information on these fiber-producing plants, in terms of their morphology, the origin and manipulation of plant materials by craftsmen, and the produced artifacts and their uses, as well as reporting cultural aspects of fibrous plant use in daily fishing activities in the Salgado region.
- Published
- 2006
13. Panorámica de la etnobotánica en España (Pirineos y noreste peninsular)
- Author
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Villar Pérez, Luis
- Subjects
Etnobotánica ,Pirineos ,Pyrenees ,Ethnobotany - Abstract
15 páginas, Ejemplar dedicado a: Etnobotánica '92: Ponencias-I, [ES] La etnobotánica tiene por objeto el estudio de las plantas útiles para el hombre y sus animales domésticos: medicinales, alimenticias, de interés económico en las artesanía o la industria, las que se usan con fines mágicos o preventivos, etc., todo ello tanto espontáneas como cultivadas. En nuestro comentario dejaremos aparte la mayoría de las plantas agrícolas o.de interés económico, para centrarnos en las plantas medicinales y útiles en general. La Cordillera Pirenaica, junto con el Valle del Ebro, muestra un mosaico de los paisajes vegetales de toda Europa y en consecuencia su flora es riquísima, unas 3000 especies vasculares. Buena parte de los conocimientos etnobotánicos se mantuvieron vigentes hasta los años 1950-60 y fueron sintetizados magistralmente por FüNT QUER, a partir de un mundo rural pletórico de vida, desbordante de una cultura popular bien integrada en su entorno, mucho más rica, sin duda, que el saber científico. Entonces sobrevino la despoblación rural y dichos conocimientos populares fueron perdiéndose, hasta que en los años 80, primero algunos investigadores aislados (farmacéuticos y biólogos), luego algunas Facultades de Farmacia, volvieron a interesarse por aquel poso cultural. No obstante, aún no existen equipos de operación pluridisciplinares, formados por antropólogos o etnólogos, botánicos, farmacéuticos y químicos lingüistas, etc., capaces de desvelar el saber popular que nos queda y elevarlo a la ciencias escrita y experimental. En esta conferencia expondremos dichas consideraciones y pasaremos revista a los principales trabajos publicados o que se están llevando a cabo sobre el tema del NE de la Península Ibérica., [EN] The object of Ethnobotany is the study of the useful plants (both spontaneous and cultivated) for man and domestic animals: medicinal and food plants, plants of economic interest for crafts and industry, plants used for magic or preventive medicine, etc. This paper will focus on the medicinal and useful plants in general, leaving aside most of the crops or plants of economic interest. The Pyrenees and the Ebro basin exhibit a mosaic of the plant landscapes of Europe. There are sorne 3,000 vascular species in this territory. A great part of the ethnobotanical knowledge still prevailed in 1950-60, and was wonderfully compiled by FüNT QUER. This knowledge had its origin in a rural world full of life, overflowing with a popular culture perfect1y integrated in its environment. A much richer culture, undoubtedly, than scientific knowledge. The rural depopulation took place and that popular knowledge started to disappear. In the 1980s, firstly sorne isolated researchers (chemists and biologists), then sorne Faculties of Pharmacy became again interested in that cultural heritage. Nevertheless there are no multidisciplinary teams yet, constituted by anthropologists or ethnologists, botanists, chemists, linguists, etc. capable of bringing to light the remaining popular knowledge and integrating it into the written and experimental science. This paper will present these considerations and we will examine the main works published or that are being carried out about NE territory of the Iberian Peninsula.
- Published
- 1997
14. LOS HELECHOS MEDICINALES DE CHILE Y SUS NOMBRES VULGARES CHILEAN MEDICINAL FERNS AND THEIR POPULAR NAMES
- Author
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Gualterio Looser and Roberto Rodríguez
- Subjects
Adiantaceae ,Blechnaceae ,Dicksoniaceae ,Dryopteridaceae ,Equisetaceae ,Gleicheniaceae ,Polypodiaceae ,etnobotánica ,ethnobotany ,Botany ,QK1-989 - Abstract
Se presenta un manuscrito inédito del naturalista Gualterio Looser (1886-1982), sobre los helechos medicinales de Chile y sus nombres vulgares. Se agregan nombres científicos actuales, se detallan las citas bibliográficas y se actualiza la ortografía. El documento original se encuentra archivado en la biblioteca del Departamento de Botánica, Universidad de Concepción.This paper presents a previously unpublished manuscript by the naturalist Gualterio Looser (1886-1982), on Chilean medicinal ferns and their popular names. Current scientific names are added, bibliographic references are given in full, and spelling modernized. The original document is archived in the library of the Department of Botany, Universidad de Concepción.
- Published
- 2004
15. The allspice [Pimenta dioica (L.) Merrill, Myrtaceae] in the Sierra Norte de Puebla (México)
- Author
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Manuel Juan Macía Barco
- Subjects
pimenta dioica ,myrtaceae ,allspice ,malagueta ,ethnobotany ,méxico ,Botany ,QK1-989 - Abstract
Pimenta dioica, allspice, is a neotropical Myrtaceae distributed in Mesoamerica and the Caribbean region. Its área of distribution in México ranges along East and Southeast parts of the country. The main use of its dried fruits is as spice, being sold in Mexican nacional markets as well as exported to Germany, the United States, Jamaica and Great Britain. Most of the harvest comes from trees growing wild in tropical forests, although lately there is a trend to domesticate and cultivate the plant. This paper describes the propagation, domestication, harvesting, processing, marketing and socioeconomic importance of allspice in the Sierra Norte de Puebla (México). The fieldwork has been focused on Totonaca indigenous communities from this area. In these communities, allspice has medicinal use, and is used as a condiment for food; other technological and cultural uses have been also recorded. A historical monograph from Casimiro Gómez Ortega is reviewed. It includes information of the history, botany, cultivation and commerce of allspice.
- Published
- 1998
- Full Text
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16. Ethnobotany of the genus Ocimum L. (Lamiaceae) by Afrobrasilian communities
- Author
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Ulysses Paulino de Albuquerque and Laise de Holanda C. Andrade
- Subjects
lamiaceae ,ocimum ,ethnobotany ,brazil ,Botany ,QK1-989 - Abstract
The genus Ocimum L. includes around 12 species round in Brazil, including some cultivated species. This paper gives details of the traditional uses of Ocimum by the Afrobrasilian people, with information on the common uses of plants by Africans. The information was derived fan specimens deposited in herbaria, ethnobotanical survey and literature review. The transpon of African species and their uses in Brazil is discussed. Two routes are presented, discussed and mapped: the European routes, transporting plants to Brazil; and the slave route from África to Brazil which also transponed traditional uses and knowledge. This study is based on four species used in Afrobrazilian ceremonies: O. americanum L., O. basilicum L., O. minimum L. and O. gratissimum L. Morphological, botanical and economic data are included, and a key to identify the species found in Brazil is also provided.
- Published
- 1998
- Full Text
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17. Enredados con la sierra. Las plantas en las estrategias sostenibles de sobrevivencia del grupo indígena Guarijío/Makurawe de Sonora, México
- Author
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Bañuelos Flores, Noemi and Salido-Araiza, Patricia L.
- Subjects
Guarijío/Makurawe ,Etnobotánica ,Conocimiento tradicional ,Ethnobotany ,indigenous groups ,Guarijio/Makurawe ,traditional knowledge ,Sonora ,Grupos indígenas - Abstract
The Guarijío/Makurawe people of Sonora are one of the most ignored native groups in Mexico´s Northwest region. From an ethnobotanical perspective, this paper analyzes the importance of plant resources for this indigenous community, according to their different uses. Some methodological technics included in depth personal interviews, direct-participative observation as well as community workshops. Among key actors interviewed included the eldest people, housewives, rural workers, artisans, healers, cultural promotor, and the local governor. Results show that the Guarijio exemplify a case of subsistence based on the uses of their biocultural heritage. Indigenous knowledges on vegetal resources represent the roots for any proposal of sustainable development focused on the improvement of wellbeing of this people. Los Guarijío/Makurawe de Sonora representan uno de los pueblos indígenas más olvidados en el noroeste de México. El presente trabajo analiza desde una perspectiva etnobotánica la importancia que para este grupo indígena guardan los recursos vegetales, a partir del examen de sus distintas formas de aprovechamiento. La metodología utilizada se apoyó en la aplicación de entrevistas personales a profundidad, observación directa y participativa así como talleres comunitarios. Las personas de mayor edad, amas de casa, trabajadores del campo, artesanos, curanderos, rezandero, promotor cultural bilingüe y el gobernador del pueblo, fueron actores claves en la búsqueda de información. Algunos resultados revelan que los Guarijío personifican un ejemplo de sobrevivencia con base en las formas de uso de su patrimonio biocultural. Los saberes indígenas respecto a los recursos vegetales, representan las raíces desde donde debe plantearse cualquier propuesta de desarrollo sostenible que busque mejorar las condiciones de bienestar de este pueblo.
- Published
- 2020
18. Le JATBA et ses ancêtres
- Author
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Catherine Hoare
- Subjects
journal ,agriculture ,colonial agronomy ,botany ,ethnobotany ,history ,Anthropology ,GN1-890 - Abstract
Botanist Auguste Chevalier, explorer in Africa in the early 20th century, founded the Revue de Botanique appliquée et d’Agriculture coloniale in 1921. Just after WW1, European countries launched policies to “call attention” to the colonies and sought new cost-effective products. The journal dealt with agriculture, horticulture and forestry issues. For over 30 years, Chevalier was at the head of the Colonial Agronomy laboratory of the Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle, and supervised this scientific publication, often writing a large part of its contents himself.In 1954, the journal became the Journal d’Agriculture tropicale et de Botanique Appliquée. New headings, new editors, new contents. The journal then supported the emergence of French ethnobotany. Yet, harder years followed the prosperous period of the 30’s, with occasional lacks, financial, political and scientific hazards distinguishing the history of this periodical. JATBA is now attempting a fresh start and we shall try to recount its history in this paper.
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- 2012
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19. Preliminary anthracological analysis of Cerro Farall archaeological site (Diamante, Entre Ríos)
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Ramos, Rita Soledad, Silva, Carolina Belén, and Brea, Mariana
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purl.org/becyt/ford/1 [https] ,Roupala ,Archaeological charcoal ,Ethnobotany ,purl.org/becyt/ford/1.6 [https] ,Argentinean Northeast - Abstract
En esta contribución se presenta el primer análisis antracológico del sitio arqueológico Cerro Farall (830 ± 40 años AP). El sitio es un montículo ubicado sobre un albardón en la intersección de un paleocauce con el arroyo La Palometa al sur del Parque Nacional Pre-Delta, provincia de Entre Ríos, Argentina. Las maderas carbonizadas fueron halladas concentradas en las cuadrículas 1 y 4, entre los 10 y 15 cm de profundidad en la excavación. Se analizaron 39 fragmentos de carbones con afinidad a Ocotea sp., Nectandra sp. (Lauraceae), Roupala sp. (Proteaceae), Celtis sp. (Cannabaceae), Jodina rhombifolia (Santalaceae), Anadenanthera sp., Enterolobium sp., Chloroleucon sp. (Fabaceae), Aspidosperma sp. (Apocynaceae) y Cestrum sp. (Solanaceae). Debido a que los fragmentos de carbones provienen de una estructura de combustión, se asume el uso combustible del conjunto de taxones identificados. Sin embargo, a fin de acercarnos al entendimiento de las posibles prácticas vinculadas al aprovechamiento de las plantas y el manejo de los bosques por parte de la sociedad prehispánica que habitó el sitio, se discute el uso actual de los análogos modernos y su disponibilidad en el área de estudio a partir del registro etnobotánico. In this paper, we present the first anthracological analysis of the Cerro Farall site. This archaeological site (830 ± 40 years BP) is an earth mound structure located at the intersection of a paleochannel with La Palometa Creek, in the south of the Pre-Delta National Park, Entre Ríos province. The carbonized woods were found concentrated in grids 1 and 4, at a depth of 10-15 cm. We identified 39 fragments of charcoals that were assigned to: Ocotea sp., Nectandra sp. (Lauraceae), Roupala sp. (Proteaceae), Celtis sp. (Cannabaceae), Jodina rhombifolia (Santalaceae), Anadenanthera sp., Enterolobium sp., Chloroleucon sp. (Fabaceae), Aspidosperma sp. (Apocynaceae) and Cestrum sp. (Solanaceae). Given that the charcoal fragments come from a combustion structure, we assume the use of the identified taxa as fuel. However, to get a better understanding of the possible practices related to the use of plants and the management of the forests by the pre-Hispanic society that inhabited the site, we discuss the current use of modern specimens, and their availability in the study area, considering the ethnobotanical record. Fil: Ramos, Rita Soledad. Provincia de Entre Ríos. Centro de Investigaciones Científicas y Transferencia de Tecnología a la Producción. Universidad Autónoma de Entre Ríos. Centro de Investigaciones Científicas y Transferencia de Tecnología a la Producción. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Santa Fe. Centro de Investigaciones Científicas y Transferencia de Tecnología a la Producción; Argentina Fil: Silva, Carolina Belén. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo. División Arqueología; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata; Argentina Fil: Brea, Mariana. Provincia de Entre Ríos. Centro de Investigaciones Científicas y Transferencia de Tecnología a la Producción. Universidad Autónoma de Entre Ríos. Centro de Investigaciones Científicas y Transferencia de Tecnología a la Producción. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Santa Fe. Centro de Investigaciones Científicas y Transferencia de Tecnología a la Producción; Argentina
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- 2019
20. Food plants in home gardens of the Middle Magdalena basin of Colombia
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Néstor García and Diana Villa
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0106 biological sciences ,family farming ,010603 evolutionary biology ,01 natural sciences ,Agrobiodiversidad ,ethnobotany ,lcsh:Botany ,lcsh:Zoology ,seguridad alimentaria ,Mangifera ,lcsh:QL1-991 ,Forest gardening ,Socioeconomics ,lcsh:Science ,etnobotánica ,Psidium ,Food security ,business.industry ,57 Ciencias de la vida ,Biología / Life sciences ,biology ,04 agricultural and veterinary sciences ,food security ,lcsh:QK1-989 ,Agrobiodiversity ,Geography ,Agriculture ,agricultura familiar ,040103 agronomy & agriculture ,0401 agriculture, forestry, and fisheries ,Agricultural biodiversity ,lcsh:Q ,Species richness ,General Agricultural and Biological Sciences ,business ,5 Ciencias naturales y matemáticas / Science ,Global biodiversity - Abstract
Home gardens are important reservoirs of agricultural diversity essential to support food security in rural communities. In this paper, we describe the richness and composition of species and varieties of plants used for food in home gardens of the municipality of San Pablo in the Middle Magdalena Basin of Colombia, and discuss its possible relations with a set of socio-economic and structural variables. A survey was conducted in 20 home gardens where semi structured questionnaires were administered to the head of each household, and all plants used as food were recorded. The physical characteristics of the home gardens varied widely. Farmers’ ages varied between 28-90 years and the most frequent level of schooling was primary education. In total, 75 species represented by 162 varieties were found. Plantains (Musa x paradisiaca), mangos (Mangifera indica), guavas (Psidium guajava) and cassavas (Manihot esculenta) were the most diverse and frequent crops across gardens. The mean number of species per home garden was 17.5 (SD = 7.1), ranging from 6 to 33. On average 48% of the species recorded were fruits, followed by spices (17%), roots and tubers (12%) and vegetables (9%). Significant correlations were found between food plant richness and farmers’ ages (rs = 0.461, p = 0.04) and food plant richness and number of family members (rs = -0.487, p = 0.03). Home gardens of San Pablo are important regional agrobiodiversity reservoirs that support families’ nutrition. Las huertas familiares son importantes reservorios de diversidad agrícola esenciales para sostener la seguridad alimentaria de las comunidades rurales. En este artículo se describe la riqueza y la composición de especies y variedades de plantas usadas para alimentación en huertas familiares del municipio de San Pablo, Magdalena Medio de Colombia; y se discuten sus posibles relaciones con un grupo de variables socioeconómicas y estructurales. El estudio se llevó a cabo en 20 huertas, donde se aplicaron entrevistas semiestructuradas a las personas cabeza de familia y se registraron todas las plantas alimenticias. Las características físicas de las huertas variaron ampliamente. La edad de los propietarios varió entre 28-90 años y el nivel de educación más frecuente fue la primaria. En total se encontraron 75 especies representadas en 162 variedades. Los cultivos más diversos y frecuentes en las huertas fueron plátanos (Musa x paradisiaca), mangos (Mangifera indica), guayabas (Psidium guajava) y yucas (Manihot esculenta). El número promedio de especies por huerta fue de 17,5 (DE = 7,1), con un intervalo entre 6 y 33. En promedio el 48% de las especies fueron frutas, seguidas por raíces y tubérculos (16%), verduras (11%) y especias (9%). Por otro lado, se encontró una correlación significativa entre la riqueza de plantas alimenticias y la edad del agricultor (rs = 0,461, p = 0,04) y el número de miembros de la familia (rs = -0,487, p = 0,03). Las huertas familiares de San Pablo son un importante reservorio regional de agrobiodiversidad que sustentan la nutrición de las familias.
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- 2017
21. Medicinal uses of Prosopis juliflora (Sw.) DC. in rural communities from Paraguaná peninsula, Venezuela
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Taisma, María Angélica
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medicinal uses ,usos medicinales ,prospección ,Prosopis juliflora ,prospecting ,Ethnobotany ,Mimosoideae ,etnobotánica - Abstract
En este trabajo se proporciona información de los usos medicinales atribuidos a Prosopis juliflora (Sw.) DC. por habitantes de cinco localidades rurales de la Peninsula Paraguaná (Estado Falcon, Venezuela). Se realizaron entrevistas semi-estructuradas a 51 informantes, de entre 23 y 86 años de edad, naturales de la península de Paraguaná. Todos los entrevistados atribuyeron alguna propiedad curativa a hojas, frutos y/o tallos de P. juliflora. Los mayores porcentajes de uso medicinal de la especie se refirieron a patologías traumatológicas, oftalmológicas y de la función sexual masculina. Algunos otros usos medicinales reportados en menor proporción incluyen tratamientos para la diabetes, enfermedades del sistema digestivo, parasitosis, enfermedades eruptivas, coadyuvante en casos de malestar general, cálculos renales y cáncer. Los resultados constituyen la primera compilación de usos medicinales de P. juliflora en Venezuela, y permiten establecer bases para el desarrollo de investigaciones tendientes a la determinación de su prospección bioquímica y farmacológica This paper provides information on the medicinal uses of Prosopis juliflora (Sw.) DC. in five rural localities of the Peninsula Paraguaná (State Falcon, Venezuela). We realize a survey with semi-structured interviews applied to 51 informants between 23 and 86 years old. All interviewees attributed healing properties to leaves, fruits and / or stems of P. juliflora. The highest percentages of medicinal use of the species referred to orthopedic, ophthalmologic and male sexual function disorders. Some other medicinal uses reported in a lesser extent include treatments for diabetes, digestive system diseases, parasitosis, eruptive diseases, intervening in cases of general malaise, kidney stones and cancer. The results represent the first compilation of medicinal uses of P. juliflora in Venezuela, and allow a foundation for the development of research aimed at determining their pharmacological and biochemical prospection
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- 2017
22. La crisis de los frutos saludables como factor determinante de la 'revolución de los comuneros'
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Luis Rubén, Pérez Pinzón, Pérez Pinzón, Luis Rubén [0001362033], Pérez Pinzón, Luis Rubén [rgUHMhMAAAAJ], Pérez Pinzón, Luis Rubén [0000-0003-0387-6035], Pérez Pinzón, Luis Rubén [57195979759], Pérez Pinzón, Luis Rubén [profile/Luis_Perez_Pinzon], and Grupo de Investigación en Dinámicas Sectoriales
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Etnobotânica ,Comunidades ,Medicina ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Ethnobotany ,Comuneros ,Colombia ,Medical physicist ,Monopolistic competition ,Guerra civil ,Political science ,Revolución ,Heath food ,Sociocultural evolution ,Revolução ,Order (virtue) ,A determinant ,media_common ,Revolution ,Communards ,Welfare economics ,Alimentos saludables ,Health Food ,Colômbia ,MEdicina ,Alimentos naturais ,Alimentos Saludables ,Etnobotánica ,Necesidades básicas ,Nutrición ,Medicine ,Prosperity ,Welfare - Abstract
El artículo reflexiona acerca de los discursos e imaginarios tradicionales sobre la Revolución de los Comuneros en Colombia y los contrasta con los análisis socioculturales y las descripciones etiopatológicas de dos curas párrocos ilustrados y protomédicos del siglo XVIII en la Nueva Granada con el propósito de demostrar como factores determinantes de la revuelta popular de 1781 las dificultades monopólicas y tributarias para acceder a las yerbas, frutas y bebidas populares consideradas medicinales y saludables, así como fuentes del bienestar ambiental y la prosperidad socioeconómica de los más pobres. [Pérez-Pinzón LR. La crisis de los frutos saludables como factor determinante de la “revolución de los comuneros”. MedUNAB 2014; 17(1): 30-37] The paper analyses the traditional speeches and imaginaries on the Revolution of the Communards in Colombia and contrasts it with sociocultural analysis and etiopathological descriptions of two illustrated parish priests and medical physicist of the eighteenth century in New Granada, in order to demonstrate as determinants of popular revolt of 1781, the monopolistic and taxation difficulties to access herbs, fruits and popular beverages considered medicinal and healthy, as well as sources of environmental welfare and socio-economic prosperity of the poorest.[Pérez- Pinzón LR. The crisis of healthy fruits as a determinant factor of the “revolt of the comuneros”. MedUNAB 2014; 17(1): 30-37]
- Published
- 2014
23. La etnobotánica moqoit inédita de Raúl Martínez Crovetto I: Descripción, actualización y análisis de la nomenclatura indígena
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Gustavo Fabián Scarpa and Cintia Natalia Rosso
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MARTÍNEZ CROVETTO ,Plant Science ,Otras Humanidades ,Indigenous ,HUMANIDADES ,lcsh:Botany ,Proper noun ,lcsh:Science ,Ethnotaxonomy ,Nomenclature ,Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics ,purl.org/becyt/ford/6 [https] ,purl.org/becyt/ford/6.5 [https] ,mocoví ,lcsh:QK1-989 ,NOMBRES VERNÁCULOS ,Chaco ,Taxon ,Geography ,Etnobotánica ,Martínez Crovetto ,nombres vernáculos ,Ethnobotany ,Ethnology ,lcsh:Q ,MOCOVÍ ,ETNOBOTÁNICA ,CHACO - Abstract
Raúl Martínez Crovetto (M.C.) es considerado pionero de las investigaciones etnobotánicas argentinas. En el Instituto de Botánica del Nordeste se hallaron valiosos manuscritos inéditos de este autor sobre la etnobotánica mocoví (moqoit) documentados en la década de 1960 en la provincia del Chaco. El objetivo de este trabajo es rescatar, analizar e interpretar el voluminoso conjunto de informaciones que M.C. ha relevado sobre la fitonimia mocoví, a los fines de contribuir al patrimonio cultural de este pueblo y a la comprensión de su etnobotánica. La metodología empleada es la correspondiente a la “etnobotánica histórica” que considera a los datos del pasado como una fuente de información primaria, sobre los cuales se aplica el método etnobotánico clásico. Se comprueba que M.C. registra un total de 295 fitónimos moqoit correspondientes a 443 entidades botánicas totales, la mayoría nativas (95 %). El análisis semántico de la nomenclatura vernácula consigna 84 lexemas primarios, 37 lexemas secundarios y 141 nombres metafórico-descriptivos, además de algunos préstamos de traducción y absolutos re-fonologizados tomados de otras lenguas. Se destacan la edición y el análisis de la cuantiosa información aquí referida, de la cual un tercio es aquí actualizada y precisada, así como sus implicancias etnotaxonómicas. The unpublished moqoit ethnobotany of Martínez Crovetto I: Description, updating and analysis of the indigenous nomenclature. Raúl Martínez Crovetto (M.C.) is the begginer of the ethnobotanical researches in Argentina. Valuable and unpublished data from this author about mocoví (moqoit) indians ethnobotany recorded in the ‘60’s in the Chaco province, were found at the Instituto de Botánica del Nordeste. The objetive of this paper is to rescue, to analyze and to interpret the huge volume of information about mocovi plant names recorded by M.C. The aim is to contribute to the cultural patrimony of these people and to the understanding of their ethnobotany. Methodology employed is the corresponding to the “historical ethnobotany”, that considers past records as primary sources, about which classical ethnobotanical method is applied. M.C. records 295 plant names corresponding to 443 botanical taxa, most of them native species (95 %). Semantic analysis of these names resulted in 84 primary lexemes (proper names); 37 secondary lexemes, and 141 metaphorical-descriptive names, besides some translation and absolute loanwords taken from other languages. Edition and analysis of the substantial information here presented –a third of which is updated with accuracy- and the ethnotaxonomy implications it shows, is highlighted. Fil: Scarpa, Gustavo Fabian. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Parque Centenario. Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales "Bernardino Rivadavia"; Argentina Fil: Rosso, Cintia Natalia. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Houssay. Centro de Estudios Farmacológicos y Botánicos. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Medicina. Centro de Estudios Farmacológicos y Botánicos; Argentina
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- 2014
24. Ethnobotany of Citrus reticulata (Rutaceae, Aurantioideae) naturalized in Argentina
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Pablo César Stampella, Julio Alberto Hurrell, Gustavo Delucchi, and Hector Alejandro Keller
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Flora ,Otras Ciencias Biológicas ,Argentina ,Ecological data ,Plant Science ,Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (miscellaneous) ,Ciencias Biológicas ,purl.org/becyt/ford/1 [https] ,lcsh:Botany ,Botany ,Genetics ,naturalización ,purl.org/becyt/ford/1.6 [https] ,Rutaceae ,Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics ,biology ,Naturalización ,Botánica ,biology.organism_classification ,lcsh:QK1-989 ,Etnobotánica ,Ethnobotany ,Key (lock) ,Citrus reticulata ,CIENCIAS NATURALES Y EXACTAS - Abstract
En esta contribución se confirma como naturalizada para la Flora Argentina a Citrus reticulata Blanco. Se incluye su sinonimia actualizada, descripción, distribución y datos ecológicos, cultivares identificados y una clave para su identificación, y resultados de estudios etnobotánicos orientados hacia la comprensión del proceso de su naturalización. Se aporta, asimismo, a la resolución del estado actual de las especies adventicias de Citrus en la Argentina., In this contribution Citrus reticulata Blanco is confirmed as naturalized for Argentine Flora. Its updated synonymy, description, distribution, ecological data, cultivars and a key for their identification, and results of ethnobotanical studies aimed at understanding the naturalization process are included. This paper also contributes to the resolution of the current state of adventitious species of Citrus in Argentina, Laboratorio de Etnobotánica y Botánica Aplicada, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo
- Published
- 2014
25. Aportes de la Etnobotánica al estudio de las invasiones biológicas. Casos en la región rioplatense (Argentina)
- Author
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Hurrell, Julio Alberto and Delucchi, Gustavo
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Botánica ,Ethnobotany ,Diversidad biocultural ,Conservation ,Región rioplatense ,Biocultural diversity ,Río de la Plata region ,purl.org/becyt/ford/1 [https] ,Ciencias Biológicas ,Etnobotánica ,Invasiones biológicas ,Conservación ,Biological invasions ,purl.org/becyt/ford/1.6 [https] ,Ciencias de las Plantas, Botánica ,CIENCIAS NATURALES Y EXACTAS - Abstract
Las invasiones biológicas constituyen un tema central de distintos estudios en diversas partes del mundo. En relación a las plantas, el interés no sólo reside en la dinámica particular de la naturalización de especies exóticas que devienen invasoras, sino en los cambios ambientales producto de las invasiones, con impacto tanto natural como cultural. En esta contribución se incluyen los aportes de la etnobotánica al estudio del cambio ambiental y las invasiones biológicas, a partir de resultados obtenidos en la región rioplatense (Argentina). Se discute, asimismo, el rol del concepto de diversidad biocultural en relación a las estrategias de conservación., Biological invasions are a focus of several studies in different parts of the world. In regard to plants, the interest lies not only in the particular dynamics of the naturalization of exotic species become invasive, but environmental changes generated by invasions, with both natural and cultural impact. In this paper, ethnobotany contributions to the study of environmental change and biological invasions are included. Inputs are based on the results of research conducted in the Río de la Plata region (Argentina). Also the role of the concept of biocultural diversity in relation to conservation strategies is discussed., Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo
- Published
- 2013
26. Legumbres funcionales y nutracéuticas comercializadas en el Área Metropolitana de Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Author
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Hurrell, Julio Alberto, Morales, Matias, and Fortunato, Renee Hersilia
- Subjects
Functional food and nutraceutics ,Leguminosas ,Fisiología de la Nutrición ,Botánica ,Ethnobotany ,Alimentos funcionales y nutracéuticos ,Health Foods ,Legumes ,Nutrition Physiology ,Urban ethnobotany ,Alimentos Funcionales ,Etnobotánica ,Propiedades Nutraceúticas ,Alimentos Sanos ,Leguminosae ,Area Metropolitana de Buenos Aires ,Ciencias Agrarias ,Etnobotánica urbana - Abstract
En este trabajo se analizan datos de relevamientos etnobotánicos de especies de legumbres (Leguminosae) funcionales y nutracéuticas comercializadas en el área Metropolitana de Buenos Aires, Argentina. El estudio fue realizado en comercios del circuito general y de los circuitos restringidos de inmigrantes bolivianos y chinos. Se registraron las especies, productos, usos terapéuticos locales y datos disponibles sobre actividad biológica y efectos estudiados. Se registraron 19 especies de legumbres: Arachis hypogaea var. hypogaea, Cicer arietinum, Glycine max, Lablab purpureus, Lens culinaris, Lupinus albus, L. mutabilis, Medicago sativa, Phaseolus lunatus, P. vulgaris, Pisum sativum, Prosopis alba, Tamarindus indica, Trifolium repens, Trigonella foenum-graecum, Vicia faba, Vigna angularis, V. radiata y V. uniguiculata var. unguiculata. La mayoría de las especies (15) se hallaron en el circuito comercial general y unas pocas (4) en los circuitos restringidos de los inmigrantes, entre estas L. mutabilis, que merece mayor difusión. En la mayoría de los casos, los usos locales asignados a las especies relevadas tienen correlato con los datos disponibles en la literatura sobre su actividad biológica y efectos evaluados. La información brindada en esta contribución aporta tanto a los estudios etnobotánicos como a la difusión de la relevancia terapéutica de las legumbres en el área de estudio., In this work, we analyzed data from ethnobotanical surveys of functional and nutraceutical legumes (Leguminosae) commercialized in the metropolitan area of Buenos Aires, Argentina. The surveys took place in outlets of the general commercial circuit and the restricted circuits belonging to Bolivian and Chinese immigrants. We recorded the species, its products, local therapeutic uses, and available published data on biological activity and effects. Nineteen species were found: Arachis hypogaea var. hypogaea, Cicer arietinum, Glycine max, Lablab purpureus, Lens culinaris, Lupinus albus, L. mutabilis, Medicago sativa, Phaseolus lunatus, P. vulgaris, Pisum sativum, Prosopis alba, Tamarindus indica, Trifolium repens, Trigonella foenum-graecum, Vicia faba, Vigna angularis, V. radiata and V. unguiculata var. unguiculata. Most of these species (15) were found in the general commercial circuit, whereas the rest (4) only in the restricted commercial circuits of immigrants, including L. mutabilis, which deserves a wider diffusion. In most cases, the local uses assigned to a surveyed species correspond to the information available in the literature on the species’ biological activity and effects. This paper provides new insights for ethnobotanical studies and highlights the therapeutic relevance of legumes in the study area., Laboratorio de Etnobotánica y Botánica Aplicada
- Published
- 2013
27. Vegetais e doença: transmissão oral do conhecimento doméstico de plantas com fins médicos em Campeche, México
- Author
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de las Mercedes Rodríguez, Lizbeth
- Subjects
oral tradition ,Ethnobotany ,plantas medicinales ,botánica médica ,Botanic medicine ,Cultural heritage - Campeche (Mexico) ,medicina casera ,tradición oral ,patrimônio cultural imaterial ,intangible cultural heritage ,etnobotánica ,botânica médica ,tradição oral ,Medicinal plant ,Maias ,plantas úteis ,patrimonio cultural inmaterial ,plantas medicinais ,etnobotânica ,patrimônio cultural - Campeche (México) ,domestic medicine ,mayas ,medicina popular ,Maya ,patrimonio cultural -Campeche (México) ,plantas útiles ,medicinal plants ,Useful plants - Abstract
La transmisión oral del conocimiento acerca del empleo casero o doméstico de plantas con fines medicinales en algunas comunidades del Estado de Campeche, México, lleva a incluir estos saberes dentro del patrimonio cultural inmaterial o intangible en cuanto a su transmisión de generación en generación desde la época prehispánica. Como parte del sentido de pertenencia que los mayas actuales aún tienen hacia la tierra que les provee de plantas y los usos que hacen de ellas a fin de devolver la salud del individuo, este artículo da breve cuenta del conocimiento y empleo de plantas con la intención de curar enfermedades comunes dentro de algunos núcleos familiares tanto urbanos como rurales. Si bien para curar estas dolencias de manera doméstica no se requiere tanto conocimiento como en el caso de los llamados hierbateros, curanderos o h-menoob -sacerdotes, en maya- que realizan rituales más complejos, este saber ha sobrevivido, aunque con el riesgo de perderse si no se realizan adecuaciones a la normatividad mexicana actual en la materia, a fin de reconocer y preservar la aplicación del conocimiento sobre plantas medicinales en padecimientos comunes. The oral transmission of knowledge about the domestic use of plants for medicinal purposes in some communities in Campeche, Mexico, is included within the Intangible Cultural Heritage because its transmission from generation to generation, since pre-hispanic times. As part of a sense that the modern Maya still have to the land that provides them with plants and their use to restore the health of the individual, this paper describes the knowledge and use of plants in order to cure common diseases in urban and rural families in particular. To cure these pathologies in a domestic way is not required a deep knowledge and rituals as in the case of so-called herbalists, 'curanderos' or h-menoob [priests, in Maya language]. Although this knowledge has survived, adjustments to the current Mexican law are needed in order to preserve the application of medicinal plants to treat common ailments to avoid the loss of this oral transmission. A transmissão oral do conhecimento sobre o uso doméstico de plantas para fins medicinais em algumas comunidades no Campeche, México, está incluído no Patrimônio Cultural Imaterial, porque a sua transmissão de geração em geração desde tempos pré-hispânicos é dado. Como parte de uma sensação de que os maias modernas ainda têm à terra que lhes fornece as plantas e seu uso para restaurar a saúde do indivíduo, este artigo descreve o conhecimento e uso de plantas para curar doenças comuns em famílias urbanas e rurais em particular. Para curar estas patologias de forma doméstica não é necessário um conhecimento profundo e rituais, como no caso dos chamados herbalistas, 'curanderos' ou h-menoob [sacerdotes, na língua maia]. Embora esse conhecimento tenha sobrevivido, os ajustes à lei atual mexicana são necessários, a fim de preservar a aplicação de plantas medicinais para tratar doenças comuns para evitar a perda desta transmissão oral nas gerações presentes.
- Published
- 2012
28. Distribución y diversidad de las 'muñas' género Minthostachys (Lamiaceae) en Huanuco, Perú
- Author
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Tello Villavicencio, Milka Nelly
- Subjects
Clusa ,Diversidad ,Diversity ,Etnobotánica ,Muña ,Ethnobotany ,Doctorado ,Genética ,Huánuco - Abstract
El 90% de lamiaceas denominadas “muñas” en Huánuco, Perú son especies del género Minthostachys y 10% restante de géneros relacionados. Las especies de Minthostachys encontradas fueron tres: Minthostachys mollis (Kunth) Griseb., con sus tres variedades, var. mollis, var. hybrida Schmidt-Leb. y var. mandoniana (Briq.) Schmidt-Leb., Minthostachys spicata (Benth.) Epling y Minthostachys latifolia Schmidt-Leb., así como una población sin identificar taxonómicamente, que probablemente es un híbrido intergenérico con Satureja. Excepto por Minthostachys mollis var. mollis se trata de nuevos registros para Huánuco; la variedad hybrida es un nuevo registro para Perú. Este trabajo documenta las especies encontradas, analiza la diferenciación geográfica y ecológica, los atributos etnobotánicos de cada una de ellas y de las otras lamiaceas emparentadas que reciben similar denominación común. Se destaca clasificación tradicional y nombres comunes, usos en humanos, animales, repelente de plagas en almacén, determinación de la persona encargada en transmitir conocimientos del uso de la muña. La morfología del cáliz y clusa han demostrado ser caracteres estables y útiles en estudios filogenéticos a nivel inter e intra específico; principalmente la escultura de la superficie y caracteres de sus células en clusas. Se observó tres patrones de profundidad: superficial a globosa, poco profunda y profunda. El número de clusas por cáliz en promedio, es uno. Minthostachys sp., presentó el mayor tamaño de clusa (> 750 µm); en el complejo varietal Minthostachys mollis, destacó la var. hybrida, con el mismo tamaño. Se estimó el número de cromosomas en Minthostachys mollis var mollis y var. hybrida, 2n=±40. _______________ DISTRIBUTION AND DIVERSITY OF “MUÑAS”, GENUS MINTHOSTACHYS (LAMIACEAE), IN HUANUCO, PERÚ. ABSTRACT: The 90% the Lamiaceae called “muña” from Huánuco, Perú are of species of genus Minthostachys and 10% are gender related. Minthostachys species found were three: Minthostachys mollis (Kunth) Griseb., with its three varieties, var. mollis, var. hybrida Schmidt-Leb. and var. mandoniana (Briq.) Schmidt-Leb., Minthostachys spicata (Benth.) Epling and Minthostachys latifolia Schmidt-Leb. as well as a taxonomically unidentified population, which is probably an intergeneric hybrid with Satureja. Except for Minthostachys mollis var. mollis these are new records for Huánuco hybrida variety is a new record for Peru.This paper documents the species found, analyzes the geographical and ecological differentiation, echnobotanical attributes of each and the other relatives that are similar Lamiacea common name. It highlights traditional classification and common names, uses in humans, animals, pest repellent storage, identifying the person responsible in transmitting knowledge of the use of muña. The morphology of the calyx and CLUSA characters have proved to be stable and useful in phylogenetic studies at inter-and intra-specific, primarily sculpture and surface characteristics of their cells in Cluses. In the studied species was observed three patterns of depth: globosa superficial, shallow and deep. The number of Cluses calix on average is one. Minthostachys sp., introduced CLUSA larger (> 750 microns) in the complex varietal Minthostachys mollis, highlighted the var. hybrida, with the same size. We estimated the number of chromosomes in Minthostachys mollis var. mollis and var. hybrida, 2n = ± 40.
- Published
- 2011
29. Etnobotánica ashéninka, entre la 'tradición' y la 'modernidad': ¿qué significa 'conocer las plantas'?
- Author
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Lenaerts, Marc
- Subjects
aculturación ,ethnobotanics ,ashaninka ,cambio cultural ,interétnico ,antropología ,Amazonía peruana ,ethnobotany ,Anthropology ,Peruvian Amazonia ,cultural change ,interethnic ,acculturation ,etnobotánica - Abstract
En los discursos y las prácticas actuales de los indígenas amazónicos se mezclan formas de racionalidad múltiples y contradictorias, que indican la coexistencia de distintos ámbitos de referencia conceptual. Esa coexistencia aparece bajo formas tan variadas que sería simplificador describirla sólo en términos de aculturación y resistencia. Es conveniente enfocarla entonces como una heterogeneidad cultural de hecho, que requiere de un análisis caso por caso. Este artículo retoma el caso de una mujer ashéninka que hace diez años fue una de nuestras principales informantes en un proyecto de evaluación y análisis de los saberes etnobotánicos en zona fronteriza entre Perú y Brasil, y quien fue nombrada pocos años después como responsable de un huerto medicinal para un proyecto implementado por una ONG europea. Esto condujo a un notorio empobrecimiento de sus conocimientos sobre botánica tradicional. Para entender tan paradójico resultado, se describen las dinámicas pasadas y presentes de los préstamos interétnicos en la región, se analiza la concepción indígena del saber y de la eficiencia terapéutica, y se subraya el énfasis puesto en los criterios relacionales. Estos criterios son los que esta mujer deja de lado ahora. In the current discourses and practices of indigenous people of Amazonia, there is a mixture of various, conflicting kinds of rationality, which points out the coexistence of different conceptual frameworks. This coexistence appears in so many diverse forms that it would be very simplifying to describe it merely in terms of acculturation and resistance. It can be better approached as a cultural heterogeneity, which has to be analyzed case by case. This article focuses on an Ashéninka woman, who was one of my main informants ten years ago in a project for the evaluation and analysis of ethnobotanical knowledge on the Brazil-Peru border, and who later on was responsible for taking care of a medicinal garden for a project financed by a European NGO. This led to a marked impoverishment of her ethnomedicinal knowledge. To explain such a paradoxical outcome, the paper describes former and current processes of regional and interethnic borrowing, analyzes the indigenous conceptions about knowledge and therapeutic efficacy, and underlines the emphasis on relational criteria. These criteria are precisely what this woman is giving up now.
- Published
- 2011
30. Palmeras usadas por los indígenas Asháninkas en la Amazonía Peruana
- Author
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Sosnowska, Joanna, Ramirez, Damaso, and Millán, Betty
- Subjects
Asháninka ,ethnobotany ,Peru ,Arecaceae ,Perú ,Ashaninka ,etnobotánica - Abstract
In this paper we present traditional knowledge and importance of palms in Ashaninka people’s life. Qualitative and quantitative description is based on 32 interviews obtained during visits in seven native communities situ- ated near by Perene and Tambo rivers in Junín department of Peru. We registered 15 species of palms used by Ashaninka people; those were classified in five categories by use: food, construction, tools, ornaments and medicaments. Species with the most diverse uses were Attalea phalerata, Bactris gasipaes, Oenocarpus bataua and Socratea exorhiza. The most useful palm parts are fruits used mainly as a food. The proximity of Asháninkas communities from Perené Valley to the cities would produce a change in the traditional way of life, where palm trees are the most important natural resources used by them. However, the traditional life, knowledge and practice in using of palms are still alive in communities of Tambo River. El presente artículo muestra el conocimiento e importancia de las palmeras en la vida de los nativos Asháninkas. Presentamos una descripción cualitativa y cuantitativa de 32 entrevistas, obtenidos durante la visita a siete comunidades nativas ubicadas en los márgenes de los ríos Perené y Tambo en el departamento Junín, Perú. Registramos 15 especies de palmeras usadas por los Asháninkas, agrupadas bajo cinco categorías de uso: alimenticio, construcción, herramienta, ornamental y medicinal. Las especies con usos más amplios son: Attalea phalerata, Bactris gasipaes, Oenocarpus bataua y Socratea exorhiza. Las partes de las palmeras más utilizadas son los frutos, principalmente gracias a su valor comestible. La cercanía de las comunidades Asháninkas del valle del Perené a ciudades, influirían en un cambio en el tipo de vida tradicional, donde las palmeras son los más importantes recursos naturales utilizados por ellos. Sin embargo, en las comunidades del valle Tambo la vida tradicional, el conocimiento y practica en el uso de las palmeras esta aún vital
- Published
- 2010
31. Use of medicinal plants related to the conservation of forest in Córdoba, Argentine
- Author
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Arias Toledo, Bárbara, Trillo, Cecilia, and Grilli, Mariano
- Subjects
Etnobotánica ,alternative forest resources ,deforestación ,Ethnobotany ,plantas silvestres ,deforestation ,wild plants ,recursos alternativos del bosque - Abstract
En Córdoba, al igual que en gran parte de Argentina, una de las presiones principales sobre el ambiente es la conversión de áreas naturales a tierras dedicadas al cultivo, en particular los bosques autóctonos. Es posible que los cambios en la cobertura boscosa impacten sobre el conocimiento y el uso de la vegetación de las comunidades humanas que están en contacto estrecho con el ambiente, al dificultar la realización de actividades rurales por tradición ligadas al bosque (e.g., obtención de animales de caza, forraje para los animales de cría, plantas medicinales y alimenticias, mieles, etc.). El objetivo de este trabajo es analizar el impacto de la desaparición del bosque nativo sobre el conocimiento y el uso de plantas nativas medicinales en comunidades rurales cordobesas. Se realizaron encuestas semiestructuradas en once localidades que diferían en su cobertura boscosa. Se determinó el origen de cada especie medicinal (nativa o exótica) y se calculó la proporción estandarizada de exóticas. Mediante imágenes satelitales se clasificaron los distintos tipos de cobertura del suelo y se estimó la proporción de cada cobertura. Se realizó una correlación no paramétrica y un análisis de componentes principales para determinar asociaciones con la presencia/ausencia de bosque y el conocimiento de plantas medicinales. Se puede concluir que la desaparición del bosque está relacionada con la pérdida del uso de plantas nativas. Conversion of natural areas, particularly forests, to agriculture is one of the strongest environmental changes in the Province of Córdoba, Argentina. These changes of land use may impact on the knowledge and utilization of vegetation by the human communities closely related to the forest habitat, whose daily activities, such as hunting, feeding domestic animals, and obtaining food and medicine from plants, may be impaired. The objective of this paper is to analyse the impact of native forest loss on the knowledge and use of medicinal plants by rural communities of Córdoba. We interviewed people from eleven communities living in forests with different conservation status, and asked them about their knowledge and use of medicinal plants. We calculated the standardised proportion of exotic and native species cited in the interviews. By means of satellite images, we quantified the proportion of the different land use types in each community. Correlation and Principal Component Analysis were used to study the association between presence/absence of forest and the knowledge of medicinal plants. We show that forest loss was positively correlated with the loss of knowledge and use of medicinal native plants by the local peoples.
- Published
- 2010
32. Etnobotanic and geography education in the rural community of Guacamayas
- Author
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Beltrán Cuartas, Ana María, Silva Gómez, Nubia María, Linares Castillo, Edgar Leonardo, and Cardona Naranjo, Felipe Alfonso
- Subjects
Medicina Tradicional ,Etnobotánica ,Medicinal plants ,Plantas medicinales ,agrovoc:c_2393 ,Proyecto de aula ,Ethnobotany ,agrovoc:c_24023 ,Medicine Traditional ,Comunidad rural de Guacamayas - Abstract
RESUMEN: El presente texto se origina en los resultados obtenidos en el marco de la investigación Etnobotánica de plantas medicinales, aromáticas y alimenticias de Guacamayas, Boyacá, Colombia, proceso en el cual se realizó un proyecto de aula con la comunidad educativa de la Escuela Rural El Alisal, que buscaba aportar a la conservación del conocimiento tradicional sobre plantas medicinales de los guacamayeros y con ello favorecer la educación geográfica desde el reconocimiento del entorno. El trabajo en el aula consistió en la construcción de un Miniherbario con 80 especies de uso medicinal y de una colección viva con 30 especies, desde el cual se hizo el recorrido por el territorio, empleando, entre otros métodos, la observación participante, bola de nieve con variaciones, entrevistas informales, 89 entrevistas individuales semi-estructuradas, así como estrategias de corte teórico desde el rastreo bibliográfico, para lograr la documentación, recuperación y retransmisión de los saberes tradicionales en torno a las plantas medicinales. En este trabajo se da la articulación de los conocimientos tradicionales y los botánicos de la ciencia occidental, permitiendo la participación en Expociencia Educativa 2009, evento en el que este proyecto de aula fue ganador en la modalidad de Ciencias, nivel I Básica Primaria. ABSTRACT: This paper is based on the results obtained within the research Project “Etnobotany of medicinal, aromatic and nutritional plants from Guacamayas, Boyacá, Colombia”,in which a classroom project was carried out with the community associated to the Rural School “El Alisal”. This project sought to contribute to the preservation of traditional knowledge about medicinal plants of the Guayacamayeros people, thereby promoting geographical education from a perspective of the recognition of their surroundings.The classroom work consisted on the construction of a mini-herbarium with 80 species of medicinal use and a live collectionof another 30 species. These were collectedthrough a recognition tour of the territory, using among other methods: participative observation, snowball technique with variations, informal interviews and 89 individual semi-structured interviews. Also theoretical strategies of bibliographic trace were implemented, in order to document, recover and socialize their traditional knowledge about medicinal plants. This article strives for the harmonization of traditional knowledge and the botanic knowledge Western science. The project participated in Expo-science Education 2009, where it was awarded the first place in the category of Science, level 1 Elementary Education. COL0008227
- Published
- 2010
33. Selection criteria in processes of plant manipulation: ethnobotanical contribution to the interpretation of Cucurbita sp. archaeobotanical remains
- Author
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Lema, Verónica Soledad
- Subjects
Etnobotánica ,Botánica ,Etnoarqueología ,Morfotipo ,Ethnobotany ,Crop ,Ethnoarchaeology ,Cultivos ,Mmorphotype - Abstract
In this paper, an ethnobotanical-ethnoarchaeological study of different local landraces of Cucurbita maxima subsp. maxima, Cucurbitaceae, was carried on. The aim was to evaluate if different qualitative and quantitative seed characters of these local landraces, as well as those which came from plants resulting from cultivation or husbandry, get together or not in different morphotypes which materially reflect the diversity locally recognized, as well as local practices. The construction of these morphotypes is proposed as a way to recognize local landraces and different forms of Man - plant interactions in archaeobotanical samples. Domesticated plants are the result of actions derived from selection criteria socially built and transformed, therefore they can constitute different morphotypes which act as carriers of social meanings. For this reason we believe that an ethnoarcheological ethnobotany which generates models to contrast in paleoethnobotanical work will be a good option. Macroscopical morphological descriptors commonly used in archaeobotany were employed together with new micromorphological ones. It was concluded that quantitative micromorphological characters are the most adequate ones to create morphotypes which correspond with locally recognized landraces and with husbandry practices locally developed upon vegetable populations., En este trabajo se realiza el estudio etnobotánico-etnoarqueológico de diversos cultivos locales de Cucurbita maxima subsp. maxima, Cucurbitaceae. El objetivo es comprobar si los caracteres cuantitativos y cualitativos de las semillas procedentes de los mencionados cultivos, así como también de plantas resultantes de prácticas de cultivo o cuidado, se agrupan o no en morfotipos diferenciales que reflejen materialmente la diversidad localmente reconocida y los distintos comportamientos involucrados. La generación de dichos morfotipos se propone como una vía para explorar si es factible reconocer cultivares locales y distintas formas de relación hombre - planta en muestras arqueobotánicas. Las plantas domesticadas son el producto de la puesta en práctica de criterios de selección socialmente construidos y por lo tanto susceptibles de constituir morfotipos diferenciales que operen como portadores de significados sociales. De allí que podamos hablar de una etnobotánica etnoarqueológica generadora de modelos a contrastar en el trabajo paleoetnobotánico. Se aplicaron los descriptores morfológicos macroscópicos comúnmente empleados en paleoetnobotánica y arqueobotánica para el estudio de semillas de Cucurbita sp., así como también un conjunto nuevo de descriptores micro morfológicos. Se constató que los caracteres cuantitativos micro morfológicos son los que mejor sirven para crear morfotipos que se corresponden con los cultivares localmente reconocidos y con las prácticas de cultivo o cuidado ejercidas sobre las poblaciones vegetales., Laboratorio de Etnobotánica y Botánica Aplicada
- Published
- 2009
34. Useful palms (Arecaceae) near Iquitos, Peruvian Amazon
- Author
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Balslev, Henrik, Grandez, César, Paniagua Zambrana, Narel Y., Møller, Anne Louise, and Hansen, Sandie Lykke
- Subjects
palm uses ,Perú ,ethnobotany ,use categories ,lcsh:Biology (General) ,Loreto ,palmeras ,categorías de usos ,lcsh:Q ,lcsh:Science ,lcsh:QH301-705.5 ,etnobotánica - Abstract
This paper describes the uses of 64 species of palms in 28 villages in Departamento de Loreto, Peru. There, the palms are of great use as food (Bactris gasipaes, Mauritia flexuosa, Euterpe precatoria, Oenocarpus bataua), for fiber production (Astrocaryum chambira, Aphandra natalia), for construction of houses (Euterpe precatoria, Iriartea deltoidea,Socratea exorrhiza), thatching (many species of Attalea, Lepidocaryum tenue) and for many medicinal purposes (Euterpe precatoria, Oenocarpus bataua)., Se presenta información etnobotánica sobre usos de 64 especies de palmas encontradas en 28 comunidades en el Departamento de Loreto, Perú. Las palmas tienen gran importancia como fuente de alimento (Bactris gasipaes, Mauritia flexuosa, Euterpe precatoria, Oenocarpus bataua), para la obtención de fibras (Astrocaryum chambira, Aphandra natalia), en la construcción de viviendas (Euterpe precatoria, Iriartea deltoidea,Socratea exorrhiza), para su techado (muchas especies de Attalea, Lepidocaryum tenue) y para usos medicinales (Euterpe precatoria, Oenocarpus bataua).
- Published
- 2008
35. ETNOBOTÁNICA DE CITRUS RETICULATA (RUTACEAE, AURANTIOIDEAE) NATURALIZADA EN LA ARGENTINA
- Author
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STAMPELLA, PABLO C., DELUCCHI, GUSTAVO, KELLER, HÉCTOR A., and HURRELL, JULIO A.
- Published
- 2014
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