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Se describen a los micro-papers como formatos novedosos e incipientes para la difusión del conocimiento científico, tanto en revistas científicas como a través de otros métodos nativos del Internet (repositorios, blogs, etcétera). Planteamos la importancia de la utilización de este formato reducido de comunicación de la ciencia para transmitir ciertos tipos de hallazgos, pues presenta una condensación de la información básica en un documento breve, de fácil lectura y con amplia audiencia, sin perder la calidad propia de los trabajos científicos revisados. Para ello, se realiza un estudio descriptivo de carácter exploratorio por medio de una revisión bibliográfica que ahonda en su uso actual y experiencias previas. Concluimos que su viabilidad para la difusión de contenidos científicos concretos busca la agilidad, sin que ello implique la pérdida de la calidad en la difusión científica.

This paper presents a comprehensive review of the literature on electronic reading (e-reading) versus paper reading. The main objective was to assess the current state of research comparing digital and paper reading outcomes among students aged 6–18 years old, as well as assessing the impact of various factors (gender, socioeconomic status, and school location) in explaining the differences between the two modes. Inclusion criteria included the following: participants (6–18 years), research focus (comparing digital reading and paper reading), study type (quantitative or mixed methods), publication (peer reviewed between 2015 and 2022), and language (English). A systematic search in four databases (WOS, Scopus, ERIC, and JSTOR) in August 2022 was conducted by three reviewers. The search revealed 23 studies matching the inclusion criteria. The findings from the reviewed studies are diverse, with some reporting no significant differences in reading comprehension between the two modes, while others suggest screen inferiority, thereby favoring paper reading. Individual-level predictors, such as prior comprehension skills and reading habits, play a crucial role in determining reading performance across modes. Family-level factors, such as the number of books at home, and school-level factors, like the usage of ICT resources, influence both paper and digital reading comprehension. Moreover, gender differences in attitudes and performance towards different reading modes are apparent. SES is positively associated with reading achievement in both modes, with a larger effect shown for paper reading. Overall, the comparison between electronic and paper reading modes reveals a complex interplay of individual and contextual factors influencing reading comprehension and attitudes.

APPLICATION OF MASS SPECTROMETRY WITH PAPER SPRAY IONIZATION AND THE OPLS-DA CHEMOMETRIC METHOD FOR THE DIAGNOSIS OF PROSTATE CANCER BY ANALYSIS OF URINE SAMPLES. In this study, paper spray ionization mass spectrometry (PSI-MS) allied to orthogonal projections on the latent structure-discrimination analysis (OPLS-DA) was employed to differentiate urine samples from patients with prostate cancer and control individuals (without prostate cancer). The parameters of sensitivity, specificity, efficiency and Matthew’s correlation coefficient determined to analyze the efficiency and quality of the OPLS-DA model obtained a value equal to 1, which means, respectively, that the model has a good performance to correctly classify true positive samples and true negatives. These results showed 100% correct classification of the samples from the training and test set, demonstrating a high efficiency of the OPLS-DA model when classifying all samples considered as belonging to the class of interest (urine from control patient) into class 1 and all samples considered as belonging to the non-interest class (urine from patients with prostate cancer) in class 0. This efficiency resulting from the application of this model suggests that the PSI-MS combined to OPLS-DA is a promisor approach for a rapid diagnosis of prostate cancer, via chemical fingerprints of urine samples.

Advances in writing technologies have fostered the gradual move from Paper-Based (PB) to Computer-Based (CB) writing assessment in foreign language (FL) education. The trend was further boosted by the outburst of the Covid-19 pandemic, which led to drastic changes in teaching and assessment practices. In higher education (HE) contexts, writing assessment in English as a foreign language (EFL) is more and more often managed by means of online learning platforms, where students create and submit written assignments on the computer. This paper examines a sample of 100 EFL exam essays completed by 100 Italian university students. Half of the essays were computer-typed on Moodle from home during the Covid-19 lockdown, whereas the other half were handwritten on paper during a face-to-face exam session after the Covid-19 emergency. The study presented herein compares the amount and types of formal errors in the CB and PB written assignments respectively. The results of the comparison may be useful to suggest hypotheses on the impact that both writing modality and environment can have on the quality of EFL writing in assessment contexts.

Introduction and purpose A pilonidal cyst also known as a pilondial sinus, is an inflammatory condition that occurs in the intergluteal region, which can lead to serious infections. It most commonly affects young men, with risk factors including the presence of hair in this area, excessive sweating, obesity, and poor hygiene. Symptoms include a lump, pain, and purulent discharge from openings in the skin. Diagnosis involves taking a medical history, a physical examination, and often an ultrasound. The aim of this paper is to present and compare the available methods for treating pilonidal cysts. Materials and methods Literature available in PubMed databases were reviewed using the following keywords: ‘’Pilonidal cyst’’, ‘’Hair cyst’’, ‘’Abscess’’, ‘’Treatment of pilonidal cyst’’,’’ Bascom II method’’,’’ Limberg flap’’,’’ Suchorski technique’’, ‘’V-Y or Z skin flap reconstruction’’,’’ the Karadakis’’ Results The available treatment methods can be divided into conservative and invasive approaches. Conservative methods include hair removal and improved hygiene. Among the surgical methods, there are traditional excision techniques and modern methods such as excision using the Bascom II method, Limberg flap, Suchorski technique, or V-Y or Z skin flap reconstruction. The Karadakis method, which involves shifting a skin flap, is particularly effective for obese patients. Conclusion Treatment of pilonidal cysts depends on the stage and symptoms. Abscesses require urgent surgical intervention, while asymptomatic cysts can be treated conservatively or surgically.

Durante las décadas de los años ochenta y noventa del siglo XX se produjo en España una eclosión de revistas de arte y cultura contemporáneas de formatos, intenciones y misiones muy diferentes. Este artículo se sitúa en el momento sociopolítico que propició una proliferación de proyectos editoriales vinculados al arte contemporáneo en el Estado español. Siguiendo este contexto nos ubicaremos en la fractura entre los principios de la modernidad en el periodo llamado Transición, teñidos de un sentimiento de euforia y una necesidad de desmemoria, y la crisis de los valores modernos que implicó la entrada de la posmodernidad, momento que asociamos con la insatisfacción de las generaciones jóvenes que habían accedido a la universidad y el resurgimiento de los valores neoconservadores que, en las mismas décadas, se extendían por la sociedad y la cultura occidentales (Europa y Estados Unidos). Mediante un ejercicio de síntesis de corte histórico, en virtud de la importante cantidad de proyectos editoriales de arte y cultura contemporánea que surgieron, nos centraremos en recuperar el planteamiento y evolución del proyecto editorial Papers d’Art, revista publicada en Cataluña. Esta propuesta estuvo vinculada a una iniciativa privada, la Fundación Espais de Girona, primero Espais. Centro de Arte Contemporáneo; un ejemplo singular de acuerdo con su compromiso desde un marco periférico y su vinculación sesgada con la globalización, fenómeno ligado al contexto geopolítico de la posmodernidad, con el que Papers d’Art evolucionó, creció y finalizó su actividad.

This applied research developed within the framework of a Portuguese Higher Education Institution. Its purpose is to assess academic practice in the context of a curricular unit in a graphic design degree course. This practice has been developed within three complementary perspectives: (a) the pedagogical concept and the proposed design exercise; (b) the selection of paper processes and materials used; (c) the design and structural definition of the graphic product. The purpose of this research is to describe the activity criteria from each perspective, exposing realization guidelines presented to students in designing a specific graphic product, from ideation, design process, and estimation of a feasible production. All this from the analysis of the proposed activity and evaluation of the prototype that represents Paper-pop-up design.

Este volume surge como consequência direta do Simpósio internacional PAPER TRAILS: post-industrial histories, technical memories and art practices in Tomar que teve lugar em Tomar (Portugal) entre 25 e 27 de maio de 2022. Por sua vez, o simpósio insere-se num projeto homónimo concebido, em parceria com colaboradoras da École de Design et Haute École d’Art du Valais (EDHEA), no Centro de Tecnologia, Restauro e Valorização das Artes (TECHN&ART), uma unidade de Investigação e Desenvolvimento financiada pela Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (FCT) com a referência UID/05488/2020 e pertencente ao Instituto Politécnico de Tomar (IPT).

Se presenta un estudio sobre la adaptación de un examen de inglés a estudiantes con diversidad funcional. El estudio profundiza en los desafíos que enfrenta un estudiante parcialmente ciego con una pérdida sustancial de visión y sin formación previa en Braille cuando intenta realizar exámenes escritos en la clase de inglés. Entre las dificultades encontradas el navegar en texto continuo con software de conversión de texto a voz (TTS), la dependencia de imágenes y el impacto de las limitaciones de tiempo. La investigación subraya la eficacia de las adaptaciones realizadas al formato del examen para abordar estos desafíos y mejorar la accesibilidad y la inclusión. Los hallazgos revelan resultados favorables para el desempeño y el bienestar del estudiante con diversidad funcional durante el examen adaptado. El estudio enfatiza la importancia de los estudios longitudinales para monitorear el progreso del dominio del lenguaje de estudiantes visualmente limitados a lo largo del tiempo.

Se trata de exploraciones esenciales en torno al papel, su textura y las relaciones originadas a partir de su recorte y superposición en capas. Son obras minimalistas en su técnica que despliegan paisajes de formas plegadas y laminadas con profundidad y equilibrio que parten también del imaginario personal sobre la arquitectura. Las composiciones tienen un formato de 21x21 cm. Las mismas reglas operan en todas ellas: el orden y el número de capas, colores, etc., pero se recombinan en cada pieza de forma diferente. Las capas de papel se separan entre sí a unas distancias concretas y se unen de forma solidaria sólo por una pestaña en la parte superior, lo que permite una cierta libertad y tolerancia en la separación entre ellas, de forma que la percepción puede variar levemente en función del plegado o la curvatura del papel, incluso de las condiciones de humedad y atmosféricas.

This work adheres to the recommendations for publication in three steps (Marin-Garcia, 2021). We propose a protocol to develop research the objective of which is to analyze the needs and challenges, as perceived by university lecturers, related to teaching, learning, or assessing competencies related to the innovative capacity of students in an array of digital remote teaching contexts. In this sense, we want to consider situations where teachers watch their students interact with each other. The interaction between students can occur face-to-face or remotely and, in the latter case, either synchronous or asynchronous. In addition, teacher observation can be done synchronously (face-to-face or remotely) or by watching a previously recorded video.

During the recycling of a cardboard box in the shape of a right prism with a square base to build a tetrahedron, there was the curious coincidence that the height of the first was equal to the inclined height of the second. After some bending and cutting on the prism, its dynamic conversion to the tetrahedron and vice versa was achieved. This fact motivated us to carry out a study on the meaningful learning of a small group of participants (N = 10) with minimum primary school education, regarding the volume of these two common geometric bodies. It was found that 70 % of the study population thought that the volumes were equal and that 100 % had forgotten the formula to calculate the volume of the tetrahedron. A template to build the model and a video to illustrate the mentioned transformation process are also presented.

La professionalització dels intèrprets en l’àmbit jurídic està guanyant importància a Espanya a causa de les directives de la Unió Europea sobre els drets processals de persones sospitoses o acusades d’algun delicte. A això s’hi ha d’afegir la prolongada crisi humanitària, que ha sensibilitzat l’opinió pública sobre la qualitat de la interpretació proporcionada per diverses ONG i altres organismes que s’ocupen dels sol·licitants d’asil. Actualment, els proveïdors de serveis privats contracten els intèrprets en funció de les llengües que necessitin o que estiguin disponibles, sense exigir-los una formació específica. En aquest article, analitzem la qualitat percebuda dels serveis d’interpretació i el paper de l’intèrpret des de diverses perspectives, incloses les dels agents de les ONG (assessors jurídics, treballadors socials i psicòlegs) i els advocats que participen en aquesta mena de processos, seguint mètodes d’investigació descriptiva. A continuació, tractarem les diferents percepcions sobre la figura de l’intèrpret que tenen els diferents professionals que intervenen en el procediment de sol·licitud d’asil, amb l’objectiu d’obtenir una imatge vàlida, basada en dades, de la interpretació en el context de la sol·licitud d’asil a Espanya. S’espera que aquesta informació serveixi per omplir el buit que existeix en el desenvolupament professional dels intèrprets com a part essencial dels processos d’asil i, el que és més important, com a garantia dels drets humans. També contribuirà a sensibilitzar els professionals que desenvolupen la seva feina amb l’ajuda d’intèrprets.

As in other countries, In Brazil, new genetic materials of Eucalyptus spp. and their hybrids are multiplied through cloning. These materials, currently in experimental trials, must undergo several stages to select the best ones for pulp and paper production. Therefore, new studies on wood quality are essential. Therefore, this study aimed to group 11 clones of Eucalyptus spp. wood, from a clonal plantation in the municipality of Palmital, São Paulo State, for the production of paper and cellulose. For this purpose, four trees of each clone of 4-year-old Eucalyptus spp. were collected. From each tree, a log of 1 m in length was taken from the base of the tree, for the study of the characterization of the basic density and cellular dimensions of the wood. The results showed that there were significant differences between clones for basic density, fiber length, vessel element length and fiber wall thickness. The Runkel ratio, wall fraction and stiffness coefficient did not show significant differences between the different genotypes. From the results obtained, we can conclude that clones can be differentiated only by basic density, fiber length, vessel element length and fiber wall thickness. The Runkel index, flexibility coefficient and wall fraction of Eucalyptus spp. were more efficient to group the clones into two groups.

In recent years, technological development in analytical instrumentation has progressed vigorously, which has allowed the evolution of analytical techniques that play an indispensable role within society, highlighting mass spectrometry. Parallel to the technological advance of this technique, the development of new ionization methods that are simpler, faster, and allow direct analysis without the need for prior treatment or sample processing is underway. The methods of ambient ionization derived from paper spray have been developing rapidly in current days, mainly in the forensic field, due to the chemical modifications made in the paper substrate and the introduction of new types of organic materials that function as a probe/substrate to collect, store, and ionize the sample, then enabling more efficient and selective analyzes. This review highlights direct analyzes by applying paper spray ionization in the forensic field and some variations of this technique, including Thread Spray Ionization (TSI) when a fabric thread is used; Touch Spray Ionization (TSI), which uses materials such as metallic needles, medical swabs, and wooden sticks; Fiber Spray Ionization (FSI), which applies polymeric fibers as substrates.