Search

Introduction. This article examines the problem of differentiation of the economic space of Russia. This problem originates during the collapse of the Soviet Union, when, during the transition from a command economy to a market economy, the state was faced with an uneven distribution of natural, territorial, demographic and other resources across the country's regions. The destruction of industrial, financial and social ties of the regions occurred as a result of the policy pursued by Yeltsin B., who pursued a course of strengthening the sovereignty of the subjects of Russia. In the Decree of the President of the Russian Federation No. 803 dated 06/03/1996 "On the main provisions of regional policy in the Russian Federation", the task was set to smooth out significant imbalances in the socio-economic development of the regions. In this paper, the question is considered: has the task regulated by the decree of the President of the Russian Federation been achieved? The purpose of the work is to assess the differences in the socio-economic development of Russian regions grouped into federal districts. Materials and methods. The information base of this study consists of the works of domestic authors and data from the State Statistics Service (Rosstat). The Thale index, its structural decomposition, and the Atkinson index were used to analyze the socio-economic inequality of the regions. Results. The article provides a structural analysis of the socio-economic development of Russia (at the level of macro-regions) from 2000-2020 using the above indices. The results of the study showed significant intergroup differences in the macro-regions of Russia, as well as increased regional inequality in most of the considered indicators. An analysis of the regions within the federal districts showed that the regions of the Central Federal District differ significantly in terms of socio-economic development. In other federal districts, there is a low level of regional inequality Conclusions. As a result of the study, proposals were developed to reduce the socio-economic differentiation of the regions. The conclusions of this work can be used to improve the state regional policy in the field of balanced development of territories.

Introduction. The current state of economic development is due to a long period of spatial infrastructure formation, which is the basis for the formation of a state policy actual concept in its priority areas. The socio-economic strategy of the Russian Federation is currently, for objective reasons, associated with the implementation of the import substitution program. The issue of creating a concept for the formation of technological sovereignty as the main driver of the development of the regional, sectoral economy and the economy of the country as a whole is outlined in the current agenda. Theoretical analysis. The unprecedented economic sanctions imposed against Russia were aimed at weakening Russia’s role on a global scale. The response was the announcement of an immediate course of state policy aimed at intensifying the technical and technological development of the country. Since 2005, the Russian Federation has formed not only import substitution mechanisms, but also created its own innovative infrastructure for the implementation of the spatial economic development strategy. Empirical analysis. Research in the field of the technological sovereignty concept formation has allowed us to formulate a number of global problems and challenges to be solved. The basis of the conceptual presentation were the strategic directions of scientific and technological development formulated by the President of Russia for the period up to 2030. The revitalization of the domestic system is the starting point for building internal potential and establishing stable foreign economic relations. Results. Having considered the existing forms and mechanisms of economic space formation, it became possible to identify the main sites on the basis of which priority strategic directions of development will be implemented. The key tasks in achieving technological sovereignty are to change the system of personnel training, the formation of technological and scientific potentials, the creation of an ecosystem of interaction of various representatives, the implementation of a cluster approach in industry and the creation of investment attractiveness in the regions. As a regulatory mechanism for achieving technological sovereignty, the formation of approaches to the definition of the concept of “technoeconomics” as a new sector in the economic space to achieve the fundamental stability of the Russian economy is proposed.

Introduction. Despite the fact that the problem of spatial integration is widely studied by scientists, science has not developed an unambiguous understanding of the factors that ensure it in practice. At the same time, the experience of developed countries indicates an increase in the role of non-economic (“soft”) factors, which include close social ties between territories. The purpose of the article is to study the social ties of the population of the northern regions of Russia from the standpoint of considering them as a “soft” factor in the integration of the socio-economic space. Materials and Methods. The object of research is the European North of Russia as an open regional socio-economic system. The theoretical part of the study is based on a critical analysis of the scientific literature on the issues of spatial integration and the study of social ties as a factor that ensures it. The analytical part is based on the use of a sound methodological approach to the study of social ties of territories, based on the results of a comprehensive analysis of the Big Data of the social network “VKontakteˮ, as well as sociological surveys of residents. Results. The role of social ties as a “soft” factor of spatial integration is substantiated. Using the developed methodological approach, the internal social ties of the northern territories, the trends towards their spatial transformation associated with the active centripetal vector of population migration to the large cities of the region, as well as St. Petersburg and Moscow, have been revealed. This leads both to the activation of agglomeration processes and to the rupture of ties with remote territories. Discussion and Conclusion. The hypothesis about the presence of closer ties between neighboring territories is confirmed, which is especially evident for the Arkhangelsk and Vologda regions. However, in order to deepen integration processes, it is also important to support their production, economic, cultural, educational and other ties. The scientific significance of the work lies in the expansion of approaches to the study of spatial integration factors; substantiation of tools for a comprehensive assessment of the social ties of territories. The practical significance lies in identifying trends and directions for the spatial transformation of the social ties of the European North of Russia, which will serve as the basis for the development of effective management decisions in the field of coordinating the socio-economic development of the northern territories of Russia.

The article explores the theoretical approaches of Russian and foreign regionalists to the region, resources, potential, efficiency in the use of resource potential concepts definition. The authors note the versatility of the efficiency concept in the context of various aspects of the national economy. They conclude that the efficiency of using the region resource potential is understood as the rational use of the resources under management to achieve the goals set, to meet the existing demand. Further, it is determined that the structure of the resource potential remains a subject of discussion in the scientific community, there is no consensus on the constituent elements of its structure. The authors emphasize that the systematization of the structural elements of the resource potential of the region and approaches to its definition is especially relevant for the Russian economy, as it will allow determining the directions for using the resource component of the country’s economy. The economic space of most regions of the Russian Federation is characterized by uneven economic development and its weak diversification, at the same time they have significant natural resource potential. To ensure the competitiveness of resource-oriented regions in the national and world markets, to create import substitution programs and ensure the innovative content of their economy, it is necessary to transform the structure of the economy in favor of higher technological structures.

Behind the quality of economic space of traditional industrial regions, there are various factors at play, including the performance of municipalities, among which the impact of industrial municipalities is particularly noticeable. Most of the programmes presented in the Russian academic discourse and used to assess municipalities focus on revealing trends in their socioeconomic development. At the same time, regional economics lacks methodological approaches to assessing them in a spatial context. The research aims to develop an original method for analysing and evaluating the development of industrial municipalities in economic space of traditional industrial regions. Methodologically, the study rests on spatial and municipal economics, and the concept of functional complexity. The suggested programme for research consists of five blocks. The first four blocks include the assessment of the industrial municipalities’ participation in ensuring the saturation of regional economic space, forming region’s industrial potential and its municipal economic space, and processes of strengthening functional complexity of regional economic space. The fifth block includes the calculation and interpretation of composite indicators as well as building a typology of industrial municipalities. The practical significance of the developed programme for research is that it meets the need for the assessment of industrial municipalities as a system-forming element in the economic space of traditional industrial region.

At the current stage the provision of sustainable and balanced development is considered as the most important strategic priority of Russia in the medium-range and long-range prospects. The discussion concerning relationship between processes of polarization and evening up of social and economic development of regions is going on. Innovation vector fixed in documents of state strategic planning stipulates a new vision of economic processes and requires elaboration of an effective mechanism for upgrading the spatial structure of national economy. In these conditions the research demand for laws of spatial development, continuity and non-contradictoriness of fundamental concepts and new approaches in spatial economics becomes more and more acute. The article provides a review of foreign and home research dealing with theoretical and applied issues of spatial organization of economic activity. Classic and neo-classic theories of overseas academic schools in view of their essence and novelty are studied and advanced theories and models of spatial development are systematized. The author addresses to the academic stock and to advanced fundamental and empiric research carried out by Russian academic schools of spatial economics, such as Moscow, St. Petersburg, Siberia, Far East and Urals. The author’s wording of the definition ‘spatial localization’ is proposed in the context of complimentary spatial object interaction (authors, production systems, administrative and territorial units). A conclusion was drawn about the necessity of integral approach to methodology of spatial economics taking into account dissipation and inequality of today’s economic systems.

Objective. The article is devoted to the disclosure of theoretical issues, the development of guidelines for the structuring of the economic space of small businesses in the agro-industrial complex. Materials and methods. Based on the systemic, integrated and cluster approaches, theories of spatial distribution of production, institutionalism and state regulation, the systemic prerequisites for the need to structure the economic space are identified, taking into account the number of economic entities of small forms of agricultural production and its natural resource potential, the status of households, based on their role in the consumer market. Results. An organizational mechanism for the consolidation of small forms of economic management in the agricultural sector has been developed, based on an assessment of the potential of the resource base of the region’s macrodistricts, the specialization of peasant (farm) and personal subsidiary farms, the level of filling of the relevant food markets in the region and their potential capacity. Conclusion. Theoretical issues of developing methodological recommendations for structuring the economic space of small forms of doing business in the agro-industrial complex are disclosed.

Economic growth in traditional industrial regions occurs predominantly due to industrial municipalities located within its economic space. The studies of regional economic space mainly concentrate on the issues of the balanced spatial development, aspects of spatial polarisation and fragmentation. The paper aims to substantiate the properties of economic space of a traditional industrial region from the perspective of regional identity. Methodologically, the research relies on fundamental tenets of spatial economics, typology of regions, and the concept of regional identity. The authors use dialectical and structural logical methods, method of typology, instrumental analysis. Based on the typological attributes of the traditional industrial region, the authors identify and provide characteristics of the properties of its economic space: evolutionary nature; weak diversification of industry; stability of internal content; industrialism. The paper proves that in line with the concept of regional identity these properties can serve as identifiers of traditional industrial regions and their economic space. The research findings form a theoretical basis for further research of the processes of development of traditional industrial regions’ economic space.

The article is dedicated to describing the capabilities of the cooperative game theory for studying spatial distribution of economic activity. The paper discusses the features of cooperative games the spatial connotation of which drives from the fact that they formalize the conflict between the forces aimed at concentration of economic activity, and the forces aimed at its dispersion (hereinafter ‘the fundamental conflict’). The author proposes a classification of spatial cooperative games based on: 1) the method of specifying the set of players, 2) the type of solution to the fundamental conflict. The players in the models under consideration are the elements of the economic space with either a simple or a complex structure. The elements with a simple structure are economic agents with their objective functions deriving from their rational choices. The elements with a complex structure are aggregates, such as regions, economic areas, or countries. If we consider it possible to describe objective functions for such players, we should use the functions incorporating a great range of decisions made by different economic agents. The article pays special attention to justification of the usage of spatial cooperative games to model interactions between the elements of the economic space with a complex structure. In spatial cooperative games, the fundamental conflict is solved either by creating a spatial projection of economic interactions, and picking the player’s locations or by studying the delocalization of economic interactions and evaluating the coalition productivity of players. The author distinguishes four types of spatial cooperative games and for each class gives an example of a specific application of the game model. Within the given classification, the author studies game models of distribution networks, interregional interactions, service facilities location, spatial growth, and production planning for spatially concentrated firms. The conclusion is that even though spatial cooperative games are used for research on various levels of generalization, they are, first of all, useful as a means of researching the phenomena of economic activity delocalization. Thus, as far as the location theory is concerned, the games act rather as a tool that complements the optimization calculations with evaluations of stability of the obtained solutions to coalitional and migration threats. From the standpoint of the concept of interregional interactions it acts as an independent tool significant for assessing system effects and their distribution between different elements of the economic space. Furthermore, the author suggests that the future of cooperative games as a tool for research on spatial distribution of economic activity is associated with the search for statements that connect the results of analysis of economic space elements with a simple and complex structure

The spatial approach to studying the development of small enterprises is one of the modern directions of the regional economy Consideration of the sector, which has traditionally been the object of state and municipal support, receives a new understanding, which remains relevant to this topic: an integral characteristic of small enterprises is the spatial potential, the implementation of which takes the form of a tool for managing the regional economy. The purpose of the research is to develop and test procedures for forming an optimized portfolio of promising specializations of small enterprises in the region at the stage of strategic goal setting. The objectives of the study are: analysis of the accepted portfolio of promising specializations of enterprises in the Samara region, formation of targets for the implementation of the spatial potential of small enterprises at the sub-regional level using the principles of “smart specialization”, justification of complementary activities within the optimized portfolio of promising specializations. General scientific research methods, methods of priority coordination, statistical analysis, and content analysis were used to solve the tasks set. In this paper, the strategic priorities for the development of small enterprises in the economic space of the region are justified on the principles of “smart specialization” within the framework of the methodology proposed by the authors for realizing their spatial potential. As an example, the Otradny sub-region of the Samara region is considered. Targets for the implementation of the spatial potential of small enterprises have been developed and an optimized portfolio of promising specializations has been formed. The scientific novelty of the research consists in substantiating the strategic goals of spatial development of small enterprises in the region using an optimized portfolio of promising types of their activities, obtained on the basis of the principles of “smart specialization”. The results of the study can be used to justify the strategic priorities of small business development in the formation of a spatial development strategy at the regional (subject of the Russian Federation) and sub-regional levels, as well as in the development of regional economic policy measures.

One of the key goals in the development of Russia, the largest country in the world, is the necessity to provide optimal and efficient usage of its huge territories. However, transformational market changes, which happened after the collapse of the USSR in the 1990s, led to a sharp decrease in the state’s role in the governance of spatial development. This policy had extremely negative economic and social implications: settlement contrast increased due to the production and population’s retraction into areas of concentration. Simultaneous “washing” of population out from deep regions also took place. At the same time, these problems are especially relevant for Russia’s northern territories, which are characterized by focal settlement, production’s placement, and for other territories, which experienced negative consequences of market transition. These factors justify the relevance of this research. The goal of the paper is to study the features and substantiate priority areas of perfecting governance of Russian European North (REN) regions’ spatial territorial development. Theoretical and methodological approaches toward understanding the essence of economic space and its development, the analysis of key trends and specifics of Russian European North’s spatial development in the post-soviet period were studied. Also, we prove that economic space of REN is currently linear-nodular with significant areas of economic periphery. The article shows the role of first- and second-class nods in preserving supporting carcass of territories of Russian European North. Also, it is shown that such settlement systems might be a basis for formation and development of polycentric model of region’s space organization. This model is aimed at the revival and development of sustainable socio-economic and technological connections through the system “large city–small town–village”

Russia in the past and today is a huge space where it is necessary to constantly broadcast the political interests of society, concentrated in the center of the country to remote regions that have political military economic significance for the state. For centuries, the direction to the east seemed to be one of the most important areas of Russia’s development, which was and remains due to its position between the West and the East. Conducting an effective transport policy in the second half of the 19th century and the beginning of the 20th century further created a serious safety margin that allowed the Russian Far East to survive the imminent tests of revolution, civil war, international intervention, to live and develop as part of a single Russian state.

Only the presence and intensive development of the transport infrastructure in the Russian Federation, including all existing modes of transport, including road, rail, air, inland water, sea, other modes of transport, can ensure the sustainable development of the country, primarily its economic system, guarantee unimpeded movement of people and goods across Russia.

Introduction. Adoption of the national strategy of spatial development in Russia has made it especially relevant to develop a scientifically grounded toolkit for managing spatial economic development at the municipal level. The objective of the study is to investigate the foreign best practices of spatial development and to assess their applicability when controlling the spatial economic development of the municipal districts of the Russian Federation, which are the principal type of municipalities in rural areas. Materials and Methods. The research was based on the comparative method, within the framework of which the best practices of foreign municipalities similar in some respects to the municipal districts of the Russian Federation were systematized. Empirical and theoretical studies, reports and guidance materials of international organizations, associations and foundations of the local level, as well as official websites of municipalities were used as materials for this research. Results. The systematized review of the best practices from the UK, Sweden, Germany, Italy and Slovenia has demonstrated that Russia’s municipal districts can use the following practices for their economic and spatial development: sharefarming, informal spatial planning, flexible transport solutions. Municipal districts can also involve digital technologies for conducting population surveys and collecting data about the municipality, design facilities that increase the attractiveness of the territory, as well use spatial planning to create decentralized concentration in suburbanized areas. The identified practices can be adopted to readjust the directions of the economic and spatial development of municipal districts, taking into account the level and trends of changes in such parameters of the economic space as saturation, coherence and physical basis. Discussion and Conclusion. The development of a municipality does not necessarily have to be aimed at increasing economic and other indicators through attracting investment and wealthy population, as well as through providing other incentives. The alternative objectives of spatial development can be: to maintain the current indicators and the territorial identity of the municipality, as well as to reduce its negative impact on the environmental situation. The results of the study can be used in the practical activities of regional and municipal authorities when developing and implementing strategic planning documents, as well as for further theoretical conceptualization of the process of economic and spatial development of municipalities.

In the article key provisions of Strategy of Spatial Development of the Russian Federation until 2025 are considered. Theoretical aspects, key scientific bases of the important government document are shown: the concept “the center — the periphery”, or the polarized development. Authors paid the main attention to questions of the spatial organization of resettlement. Authors suggest considering Strategy as the basic document, but not as a set of concrete recommendations about social and economic development of certain regions.

Introduction. The study is of relevance due to the need to expand the theoretical developments in the field of spatial economics within the regional system in order to form adequate and flexible measures to stimulate and support the subjects of the intraregional environment. With regard to the state authorities’ growing interest in the tendencies of spatial development of territories, a careful analysis of the full diversity of processes and connections that take place within individual regions is necessary. The purpose of the study is to identify and analyze these processes. Materials and Methods. The information and empirical base of the study included statistical data presented on the official website of the regional Department of Statistics in the Stavropol Territory and its municipal units. Fundamental methods of scientific knowledge were employed, the gravitational model was applied, and the tools of correlation and regression analysis were used to test hypotheses and calculated conclusions. Results. For the first time, analytical data were obtained on the level, strength and direction of the spatial gravitation between the center and the peripheral territories in an agro-industrial region – the Stavropol Territory. The gravitational model adapted for studying the spatial processes of interaction of the ‘center–periphery’ system was for the first time tested in the conditions of an agro-industrial region. On the basis of the theory of gravitational environments, conclusions were drawn about the presence of specific processes in the region in the form of establishment of ‘the second-order’ gravitation centers, which are ‘beacons’ for the periphery due to a higher level of socio-economic development and general territorial remoteness from the main regional center. Discussion and Conclusion. The implementation of the presented diagnostic approach made it possible to put forward a number of hypotheses about the presence and specificity of the spatial connections between the objects of the regional ‘center–periphery’ system. The force of gravitation, the direction and type of the spatial drift can have a direct impact on the level of socio-economic development of the periphery. The specified factors affect the overall ‘survival’ potential of the peripheral territories. The results of the study are of practical importance and can be used as the empirical justification for program projects aimed at stimulating development of regions.

The article is devoted to the formation and development of regional economy theory in Russia and abroad. From the standpoint of a systemic approach it the basic concept of the specialization of the regional economy and the most efficient allocation of production. Dana systematize the stages of development of regional economics.

Development of the theorist – methodological provisions at a research of problems of functioning of peripheral territories assumes the profound review of the accumulated knowledge of the chosen spatial and economic subject. Studying of problems of social and economic development of peripheral territories, development of methodology of their system diagnostics and the detailed profound screening of separate aspects of their relationship with the center carries practical value because of special attention to them from public authorities within formation national and, in the subsequent the regional, strategic documents containing provisions of spatial policy. In this regard development of a conceptual framework of spatial policy for various elements of economic space and also development of new scientific approaches to establishment of semantic contents and connotive features of use of key categories of spatial economy to which “periphery” belongs is especially relevant. The available scientific reserve on a research of semantic features of “peripheral territories” contains the essential massif of the concepts similar in intrinsic filling and contextual application. Requirements of targeting, detail and selectivity of spatial policy assume differentiation of all set of adjacent concepts for the purpose of decrease in inaccuracies at conceptual operating by a conceptual framework. As a research object by us it is considered semantic a component of spatial and economic category “periphery”. In a research we have defined set of categories of the vernakulyarny and typological plan, adjacent to her, semantic demarcation on the basis of definition of the common and the unique personalized features of the considered concepts is carried out. It has allowed to create a unique array of information on operational use of category “periphery” with a possibility of further creation of “frame” model of the studied concept. The “frame” model includes all semantic variety of adjacent categories that enriches the system of scientific knowledge of elements of economic space of the region. On the practical level the received results are directed to decrease in terminological contradictions when using the categorial device in researches and when developing strategic documents of spatial planning and development.

The article is aimed at forming a competitive strategy of enterprise on the basis of a substantiated spatial-adaptive approach. Relevance of adaptive management in conditions of the market environment with high uncertainty of condition and behavior of its actors is proved. It is specified that adaptive management allows to maintenance of the positions occupied by enterprise and to make managerial decisions on choice of the necessary competitive strategy. The principles of adaptive management of enterprise and its information support are analyzed and complemented. The authors’ own definition of the adaptive-spatial approach in management activity is proposed. On the basis of the spatial-adaptive approach, the principles, functions and stages of formation of competitive strategy are defined, providing development and the basic actions on strategy implementation in a certain segment of the market. The model of formation of competitive strategy is substantiated. Prospect for further researches in this direction is formation of financial provision of competitive strategies of enterprise with use of method of J. Auber-Krier, based on the selection of relevant indicators that characterize the modern aspects of activities of the researched enterprises in aviation industry.

Relevance of the work due to the need to find opportunities to practice implementation of industrial policy, formulated in the new federal law. The subject of research is the Russian small and medium business (MSB). The aim of the article is to identify the composition of functions and mechanisms for MSB needed to implement the above policy. To achieve the goal proposed to use the model of the “window of opportunity” Overton, which for the “window of opportunity” for MSB to use the enlarged economic space levels of the hierarchy. This approach allows a new level of quality to give advice on the use of the capacity of MSB to enable them to participate in meeting the challenges of the new industrial policy. It is concluded that this approach allows a new level of quality to identify the potential for MSB to enable them to participate effectively in the implementation of the new industrial policy.

The economic space of the region is the medium of relations of economic entities located on its territory. It is characterized by heterogeneity, due to the structured interaction of endogenous factors of production and the asynchrony of economic processes. The territorial structure of the economic space can correspond to several models, but a centre-periphery model can be considered the most widespread. The research relevance consists in the essence of the heterogeneity of the economic space of the region as one of its main properties, reflecting its differentiation. The authors analyze the approaches to interpreting the heterogeneity of the economic space in the works of Russian and foreign economists and identify the main types of territorial models of the economic space. The algorithm for detecting the heterogeneity of economic space of a region based on a centre-periphery model is presented. A necessary and sufficient set of socio-economic indicators is proposed in the form of qualitative and quantitative indicators characterizing the region. The application of these indicators is justified in the context of the limited statistical base characterizing the socio-economic parameters of the region. The approbation of this method of revealing the territorial structure of the economic space is carried out according to the data of the socio-economic development of the Rostov region, in which three spatially expressed hierarchical units are distinguished: the center, the periphery, and the semi-periphery. The authors determine the composition and characteristics of each of these spatial zones and their relationship, reveal problem fields and prospects for their future development based on existing imbalances and current potential.

This work presents a study of processes of integration and fragmentation caused by the polarization of economic space. Under integration in economic space the authors understand the formation of new and transformation of existing settlement systems, while fragmentation is the dissolution of settlement systems and their transformation into loosely connected settlement networks. The study focuses on the structure of settlement systems. Authors propose a new method for studying the structure of settlement systems, which combines the use of factor analysis, multidimensional scaling, and cluster analysis. The proposed method utilizes the maximum of available information about the social-economic status of settlements to reveal regularities in their spatial organization. The authors test the proposed method on 35 large cities of the Central and Volga federal districts of Russia, which comprise the spatial surroundings of Moscow. The authors find four groups of cities forming the core of the settlement system centered around Moscow, a group of four cities forming a buffer zone around that system, as well as four cities in the studied sample which do not participate in the settlement system

The article considers features of regional development and management as a reproduction process in the regional socio-economic system; it is pointed out that regional development should be aimed at achieving strategic goals and is conditioned by the resource provision, as well as the impact of a combination of internal and external factors.

The author considers developing and forming electric power infrastructure complex together with the development of economic space, its properties and configuration. The object of study is electric power infrastructure complex of the Russian Federation. The purpose of the article is to study the processes of forming and developing electric power infrastructure complex in regional economic space. Research Objectives: 1. Determine the most significant stages in the development of the electric power infrastructure complex of the Russian Federation in conjunction with changes in the economic space. 2. To analyze the current state of development of the electric power infrastructure complex in the Russian Federation. 3. To identify promising areas for the development of the electric power infrastructure complex in the Russian Federation. The research hypothesis is defined by the idea that developing electric power infrastructure complex preconditions the changes in a territorial organization influencing the development of economic space and its properties. Methods. The article brings in a system the stages of forming and development of electric power infrastructure complex in the space of the Russian Federation on the basis of organization&economic and process variable parameters. The author identifies the most significant achievements of the technical&technology power generating industry development, which influence the economic space properties and manifesting themselves in the formation of the territorial infrastructure&electric power frame. The article contains the results of the analysis of the spatial development of the electric power infrastructure complex in the context of the Unified Energy System of Russia on the basis of indicators of the dynamics and structure of the installed capacity of the power plants of the combined energy systems and the Unified Energy System of Russia, and the territorial structure of electricity consumption. The research points to the uneven spatial distribution of the installed generating capacity of power stations united by uniform power grids. The author suggests the possibilities of balancing its dynamic and structure in the space. Results and conclusions. It was defined that the evolution of the territorial development of the electric power infrastructure is directed towards the separation of manufacturing facilities, specialization and component interconnection on the basis of distributed power generation. The author identifies the specific features of a modern stage of electric power infrastructure complex developing in the RF context; it is defined by forming a new technology paradigm, digital economy development. In addition,, the paper reveals the most significant modern problems of the electric power infrastructure complex development, increasing its balance on the basis of providing the electric power accessibility for consumers, power supply efficiency, transition to active&adaptive smart electric power, the growth of the population supplied with power up to the global measures, digital transformation of the electrical grid infrastructure. The author believes that the perspective directions for the development of the electric power infrastructure complex are focus on expanding cooperation, cooperation between the main stakeholders in the implementation of infrastructure development projects.

The article is devoted to the formation and development of regional economy theory in Russia and abroad. From the standpoint of a systemic approach it the basic concept of the specialization of the regional economy and the most efficient allocation of production. Dana systematize the stages of development of regional economics.

The article considers creation issues of the national strategy of spatial development of Russia. It is shown that methodological approaches that form the concept under discussion do not correspond to modern concepts of spatial economics, which actually means that the national economic space is recognised as an additive set of closed perfect economies, unrelated to each other neither hierarchical nor cooperative relationships. The author notes that the submission of the national spatial strategy as a simple sum of strategies of the Russian Federation subjects rejects interconnection, inter-regional agglomeration and integration effects and blocks specialization effects

The article introduces questions about development of models used to study economic space. The author proposes the model that combines balance and game-theoretic methods for estimating system effects of economic agents’ interactions in multi-level economic space. The model is applied to research interactions between economic agents that are spatially heterogeneous within the Russian Far East. In the model the economic space of region is considered in a territorial dimension (the first level of decomposing space) and also in territorial and product dimensions (the second level of decomposing space). The paper shows the mechanism of system effects formation that exists in the economic space of region. The author estimates system effects, analyses the real allocation of these effects between economic agents and identifies three types of local industrial markets: with zero, positive and negative system effects

This paper presents the results of the research dedicated to the role of space in the modernization of the economy of the North-West maсro-region of Russia conducted in 2012–2014, within the framework of the Presidium of Russian Academy of Sciences (RAS) №31 "The role of space in the modernization of Russia: natural and socio-economic potential." The analysis is based on the methodology, which was developed at the Institute of Regional Economy of RAS. Possibilities of modernization of the Russian economy are due to competitive advantages, "inherited characteristics" and public policy of regions and major macro-regions development. Recourses of modernization have a spatial component, which significantly affects the positioning of the region, its companies, firms and projects in the globalized geo-economic space. It is noted that the characteristics of multi-factor situation, taking into account the “inherited characteristics” of spatial development, the nature of geopolitical and geo-economic situation, transformation of the socio-economic area, evaluation the role of internal and external factors, including the impact of globalization and the state regional policy, as well as assessment of the role of internal spatial inversion of macro-region and innovation potential of regional development mostly define the corridors for modernization of the economy of the regions. It is found that four groups of factors highlighted in this study allow to take into account the wide range of opportunities and constraints for the modernization of the economy of the North-West macro region. On the basis of interdisciplinary synthesis within the geospatial paradigms, taking into account the developments of domestic economists-regionalists, economic geographers and western views in the framework of the space science, the idea of A. I. Tatarkin about "new sources of territorial competitiveness" was confirmed, by the example of a model region of the North-West of Russia. Thus, in the study, based on calculations of the index of integration into the world economy, it is shown that the possibilities of modernization are associated with the degree of openness and competitiveness of regions in the global context. On the example of this macro-region, the space capabilities and limitations of economic modernization, typical for Russia, are identified. Specific ways of the modernization project of the economy of the North-West macro-region are defined, taking into account domestic resources, spatial disparities, “inherited features”, global economic factors, internal constraints and others. The results will be reflected in the implementation of fundamental research of team within the Program of the Presidium of RAS №16 "Spatial Development of Russia in XXI century: nature, society, and their interaction."

The article discusses the importance of institutions as the subject of spatial analysis, component of economic space and object of territorial strategic regulation. The author identifies methodological contradictions of the modern theory of spatial economics associated with contrast between institutional and geographical factors, ignoring polymorphism of institutions, the role of institutional configurations and the prevalence of exogenous interpretation of institutions. The author also classifies problems of measuring the quality of institutions and their integration in territorial strategies, including ignoring the interplay between institutions and other factors of spatial development, the absolutization of the role of integral indicators, the weakness of the methodological and methodical bases of formation of institutionalization strategies at regional and local levels

The methodology of the proposed study is based on the idea of economic space. The author considers the trends and contradictions of urban development in terms of the ideas of spatial economics, notions of the territorial organization’s post-industrial development and capital movement in the economic space. He reveals the possibilities and limitations of urban space in terms of deindustrialization; formulates proposals for the selection of the optimal control actions to the development of city.

In the article, the relatedness as an attribute of spatial development that has greater importance for economic policy implementation being a characteristic of its object is considered. Relatedness is understood as the quantitatively measurable extent of productive, social and other interactions intensity between elements of the socio-economic system on two levels: inter-regional relatedness takes place if subjects of interactions are located in different regions, intra-regional if the interactions between residents are located in the same region. Addressing to the analysis and synthesis of the scientific discussion main achievements in the theory of spatial development and institutional theory, historical analogies and empiric results of implementation of different level integration projects allowed to provide the proof for the following hypothesis: economic policy that shapes up the basis of regional development must entail instruments for economic space relatedness measurement, assessment and administration as its inseparable elements, and these instruments must have reasonable theoretic and methodological basis. We propose a conceptual model for taking decisions concerning regional development parameters and dynamics, which considers economic space relatedness, both inter- and intra-regional. Its practical implementation provides an algorithm for examining the existing interrelations within a region and beyond its borders, as well as their basis and supporting factors. The model’s fundamental principle is multidirectional effect of relatedness forces onto socio-economic development parameters of the region. This allows to consider actual asymmetry and unevenness of economic space and provides variability of the decisions that can be taken towards existing relations.

In the articles considered pressing questions of development of strategic partnership are taking into account priorities of ecological security that appears qualificatory and integrating for the countries of the world at the terms of display of calls and threats of globalization. The expediency of forming a joint environmental responsibility and market pragmatism in foreign policy of the countries of the world. Defined trends of strengthening ecological conflicts in the regions of the world because of the acute shortage of natural and energy resources, disproportions in distribution and irrational consumption. It is proved that the capacity for sustained leadership will be the countries who will testify capacity up to new forms of strategic partnership on the principles of ecological security, economic decisions considering interests and competitive aspirations for joint protection of the future of mankind. It is vitally necessary given the complexity of the influence of the parameters of the international system of ecological security in the economic, political and social transformation in society.

The article studies theoretical features, target orientation and functional content of economic regulation of regional development. It identifies the content of the “economic regulation of regional development” notion with respect to the region as a territory, economic system and economic space. It establishes that economic regulation of regional development is a system impact on certain parameters, revision of which would ensure positive dynamics in revision of basic characteristics of regions such as properties, features and boundaries. It identifies the main goal and complex of tasks (complexity, target character, variability, resource provision, addressness and manageability) of economic regulation of regional development. It shows directions of increase of efficiency of the system of economic regulation of regional development.

The author discusses the formation features of spatial economics as a part of the general social analysis. The article considers relations of spatial economic and social research with general economic theory and studies on specific behavioral reactions at different levels of the hierarchy of social and economic systems. The paper analyzes general philosophical regularities of forming a systematic and interdisciplinary research as a tool of general social analysis and also examines practical results of realization of interdisciplinary research projects in the field of spatial studies. The author proposes a formation hypothesis of the subject area of spatial economics and its relation to the subject area of general economic theory

The essay analyzes the part of the scientific extensive heritage of F. Braudel which is devoted to formation of geohistorical method as a methodological platform that allows realization of the idea of interdisciplinary synthesis in the study of economic space. The very name of the method contains a direct reference to the synthesis of geographical and historical approaches to the study of society and economy. For its part, the introduction of geographical approaches in the framework of interdisciplinary synthesis involves not only the introduction of space in the analysis of economic phenomena, but also the inclusion of geographical environment. That in turn requires consideration of extension in time during the analysis of spatial economic systems because temporal rhythms are usually ignored by economists in view of their duration. At the same time, neglect or time constraints hindered and keep hindering the development of economic thought. The authors paid special attention to analysis of the matter of the monograph «The Mediterranean and the Mediterranean World in the Age of Philip II» which is a landmark work both for historical and economic sciences as it pioneered the substantiation of the geohistorical method

The author considers controversial issues associated with the criticism of the methodological aspects the modern economic theory mainstream. The study addresses methodological pluralism as one of the possible future directions of economic methodology development. The author demonstrates the complex character of the spatial economics issues, which creates the potential for the ideas of methodological pluralism. By differences in methodological approaches Ukrainsky V.N. singles out two directions of modern spatial economics - Anglo-Saxon and «continental European»

Modern economic space is characterized by a multitude of emergencies, unusual situations, and interference to the development of business. In these conditions, competitive immunity of the company cannot always stay on the same level - a strategic essential characteristic of the company, revealing not only the company's ability to compete in the market of business entities, but also the company's ability to withstand the potential risks from external and internal shocks (in case of crisis, natural disasters, accidents and other emergencies) and the company's ability to recover from disruptive events due to the presence of internal, sometimes not popular and not involved resources and assets. Among the possible approaches to monitoring of company's competitive immunity is a significant reduction in its assessment of vulnerability and enhancement of resilience. Reducing vulnerability and increasing resilience of the company in a competitive environment is a highly difficult strategic challenge, requiring maximum inclusion of intellectual capital and other intangible assets. The fact that for the long-term survival and growth of the company it is needed to understand how to anticipate market changes and, accordingly, adapt to those. Without strategic thinking it is hardly possible to speak about the viability of the company in today's competitive economy. In this connection, there is such a phenomenon emerging as an economic (competitive) intelligence, which is broadly and more actively being positioned in today's marketing environment. Competitive intelligence is considered in this paper as a special tool for market research, aimed at formulating and implementing a proactive strategy, where the fragments of events in the marketing environment are put together - that allows identifying strategic risks and opportunities.

A substantiation of economic zoning is given as one of the methods of regional strategic analysis. An algorithm of macroeconomic zoning is offered, and its approbation is made on the materials of the Russian Far East. Four macroeconomic zones are singled out: Extreme North, Far North, Near North and Southern zone, and their characteristics is given

A substantiation of economic zoning is given as one of the methods of regional strategic analysis. An algorithm of macroeconomic zoning is offered, and its approbation is made on the materials of the Russian Far East. Four macroeconomic zones are singled out: Extreme North, Far North, Near North and Southern zone, and their characteristics is given

The type of interrelation and interdependence of the following three aspects of organizing economic spaces is determined: international economic integration, domestic markets integration, and choosing a model of political and administrative decentralization. The conditions have been distinguished under which the involvement of separate regions in the international integration structure promotes integration of the internal space. The alteration of the decentralization model as a result of enhanced involvement in the world economic relations has been analyzed

The open English lesson “The problems of globalization in Modern World” in the 10th form has a summarizing character and is planned as debates. The main aims of the lesson are shaping students’ objective opinion on the process of globalization and developing their skills and competence in keeping dialogues. The tasks of the lesson are directed to activating students’ language usage of business and political lexicon, the development of extemporaneous speech and the revision of “Globalization” theme. It is suggested the students’ availability to define the ways of solving globalisation problems independently after such type of lesson.

This article examines the impact of changes in the economic space of the Soviet Union on the formation of the economy of the Russian Federation. The compression of economic space after the dissolution of the ussr was accompanied by a contraction of economic activity. This process decentralized and disintegrated the post-Soviet economy. The once unified Soviet economic system was divided into an array of loosely coupled local systems. Due to a shortage of manpower and resources in the new Russian Federation, an economic center (Moscow) formed around the new Russian economic space. The problem of the expansion of the Russian economic space through regional integration, the expansion of economic ties, and the annexation of the territories is no less complex, but Russia is in the early stages of this process and is not yet possible to trace its impact on the Russian economy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The parameters and tendencies of economic space evolution have been considered, as well as logic and dynamics of reproduction of its endogenous components – factors of production: human, technological, natural, institutional, organizational and information factors

Economic grounds of formation of the production and territorial structure of the Russian fuel-and-energy complex are considered, characteristics of the centralized planning models of the power supply systems in the USSR economy are studied in view of various concepts of economic regions. Issues of transformation of the mechanisms of spatial decisions’ elaboration in the Russian power sector during crisis and post-crisis periods are discussed