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The article presents results of a study of the radiation environment on territories adjacent to the sites of the “Globus-4” and “Gorizont-1” peaceful nuclear explosions in the Komi Republic. Field survey was carried out in July 2021. The work provides an assessment of the radiation situation in terms of the main indicators: ambient dose equivalent rate, the content of anthropogenic radionuclides in soil, tritium in the water of water bodies and drinking water supply sources in the settlements nearest to the sites of the peaceful nuclear explosions. The values of gamma radiation ambient dose equivalent rate in all the surveyed territories are at the level of fluctuations of natural regional radiation background and amounted to 0.03 – 0.07 µSv/h in the territory of peaceful nuclear explosion “Globus-4”, 0.01 – 0.05 µSv/h in the territory of “Gorizont-1”. No contaminated soil areas with anthropogenicradionuclides were detected. Tritium activity concentration in water samples does not exceed 5 Bq/kg, which is typical for global levels of this radionuclide in water bodies. The study has shown that the radiation situation in the territory of peaceful nuclear explosions “Globus-4” and “Gorizont-1” meets the requirements of SanPiN 2.6.1.2819-10 “Ensuring radiation safety of the population living in the areas of (1965 – 1988) nuclear explosions for peaceful aims” and currently poses no threat to public health. A conservative dose estimate of additional anthropogenic exposure of individuals from the population from tritium intake with water from centralised water supply sources was 0.065 µSv/year. Longterm radiation safety of the researched territories requires organisation of radiation monitoring, determination of protected zone boundaries and installation of readable information signs warning about radiation hazard and prohibition of economic activities.

The relevance of the article is caused by anthropocentrism of modern translation studies. This study examines the translator’s linguistic personality and describes their professional competencies (hard skills) and extra-professional competencies (soft skills). Special attention is paid to the translator’s emotional competence in diplomatic discourse. The study aims to identify the translator’s emotionality in the process of translating diplomatic texts. To achieve the goal the methods of analysis, generalisation and comparative analysis were used. The research findings suggest that emotionally coloured vocabulary may present difficulties when translating a text in diplomatic discourse. In order to overcome these difficulties, it is necessary to develop the emotional culture of the translator’s linguistic personality.

The article analyzes the Sonata-reminiscenza of Nikolai Medtner from the point of view of the types of piano texture used in it. It is about such distinctive qualities of the musical texture of this work as graphicity, a combination of homophonic-harmonic and polyphonic structure, the relationship between the position in the form and the type of textural design. Starting from the thesis about the priority of the content of musical thematism, the author concludes that only a close analysis of the compositional and dramatic features of the Sonata-reminiscenza of N. Medtner for the performer can become the key to creating an adequate performing concept of the composition and to comprehending its textural features.

The epithelial‑to‑mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a cellular biological process, that occurs in a wide range of cells and tissues and is triggered by complex regulatory networks involving transcriptional control with SNAIL, ZEB1, ZEB2, Twist, SLUG, E‑cadherin, vimentin, tumor microenvironment and genetic characteristics. EMT is represented by the multi‑stage development and transformation of cells of the epithelial phenotype into cells that acquire mesenchymal features of various severity. These quasi‑mesenchymal cells are characterized by stemness, tumor heterogeneity, increasing invasiveness, drug resistance and a tendency to distant metastasis, which leads to the proliferation of neoplastic cells, tumor dissemination and initiation of metastasis, which induces the therapy resistance and the oncological recurrence.This review is based on the latest scientific publications about the EMT phenomenon, indexed in PubMed. The aim of the study was to evaluate the biochemical and molecular pathogenetic mechanisms of EMT and the effect of EMT markers on the progression of neoplastic processes and the effectiveness of the treatment. Nowadays the proper EMT scheme that combines all the molecular transformations of sells with quasi‑mesenchymal phenotype doesn’t exist. But analyzing the features of this cellular program, we can find the proper therapy, that could be able to suppress the plasticity of cancer cells, prevent EMT induction by blocking contextual signals, and induce mesenchymal‑epithelial transition. All these aspects will lead to the reduction of the risk of tumor dissemination and the increase of the effectiveness of cancer treatment.

Background Liquid biopsy is a promising method of diagnosing malignant tumors. It allows determining the level of free circulating tumor cells – micrometastases, tumor DNA, microRNA and exosomes in blood plasma, as well as detecting various genetic changes. This work included a literature review of current scientific publications on liquid biopsy techniques indexed in PubMed.Objective The aim of the study was to evaluate the efficacy and peculiarities of this technique in comparison with standard methods of morphological verification of oncological diseases, as well as the feasibility of its use in clinical practice. Compared to tissue biopsy LB has the following advantages: simplicity and speed of examination, easy repeatability and low invasiveness, possibility of dynamic monitoring of tumor progression – general clonal transformation as well as the appearance of resistance to treatment. The disadvantages of this method include low sensitivity, difficulty in proper interpretation of biomarkers and determination of their specificity, high risk of false positive and false negative results due to the presence of dormant tumor cells.Conclusion Currently, liquid biopsy analysis in clinical practice requires standardization and continuous validation.

11 marca 2020 r. Światowa Organizacja Zdrowia (WHO) ogłosiła szybkie rozprzestrzenianie się epidemii koronawirusa. Aby opóźnić transmisję wirusa, rządy poszczególnych krajów zdecydowały o wprowadzeniu różnych środków ograniczających. Miały one ekonomiczny i psychologiczny wpływ na społeczeństwo i spowodowały dyskusję dotyczącą norm etycznych oraz praw człowieka. Celem badania było porównanie reakcji i postaw wobec wprowadzonych restrykcji w dwóch sąsiadujących krajach – Polsce i Czechach oraz odpowiedź na pytanie, czy różnią się one w kontekście tych samych środków ograniczających. Zastosowano metodę ankiety internetowej, w której badani oceniali 28 wprowadzonych ograniczeń pod kątem ich efektywności, restrykcyjności i stosowania się do nich. W badaniu wzięło udział 1731 osób, w tym 723 z Czech i 1008 z Polski. Badanie przeprowadzono pomiędzy 26 maja a 31 sierpnia 2020 r. – pod koniec pierwszej fali pandemii. Wykazano różnicę w postrzeganiu stosowanych środków. Polacy niżej oceniali ich efektywność i restrykcyjność, rzadziej też stosowali się do wprowadzanych ograniczeń. Pozwala to na wniosek praktyczny o konieczności wprowadzania środków o najwyższej efektywności i najmniejszej dolegliwości w połączeniu z wcześniejszą kampanią informacyjną.

Purpose: The effect of the Earth’s ionosphere and interplanetary plasma on the radio astronomy observations, in particular, interferometric ones, at decameter waves has been investigated. The amplitude and phase fluctuations of an incident electromagnetic wave field are observed upon diffraction by a plasma layer with inhomogeneities of electron density. In interferometric observations, the phase fluctuations of an output signal cause a decrease in coherence time and an increase in the interferometer response spectrum width that limits the time of coherent averaging and reduces the instrument sensitivity. The purpose of the study is to assess the degree of ionospheric and interplanetary scintillations influence on the sensitivity of interferometric observations and to determine the possibility of sensitivity increasing that is needed in observations of angular structure of weak compact radio sources. Design/methodology/approach: To determine the contribution of ionospheric scintillations to the broadening of an interferometer output signal spectrum, the radio source with such an angular size, which prevents its scintillations on the solar wind inhomogeneities, but makes it possible to observe the source using the URAN-2 interferometer with the baseline of 153 km, was used. Processing a large amount of observational data made it possible to determine the signal spectrum width at the output of thе interferometer under the condition of amplitude and phase scintillations on ionospheric inhomogeneities. Then, the interferometer was used to observe a compact radio source, whose signal fluctuations are affected by both the ionosphere and the interplanetary medium. The preliminary obtained spectral widths of the ionosphere scintillations made it possible to single out the effect of just interplanetary inhomogeneities on the interferometer response. Findings: The constraints on the time of coherent averaging imposed by the influence of interplanetary plasma have been determined. Some suggestions as for changing the method of observation with the URAN interferometers at decameter wavelengths are made for more correct and efficient study of weak compact objects. The influence of large-scale features of the solar wind structure, related to the form of lines of force of the interplanetary magnetic field and to the form of spatial spectrum of inhomogeneities on the sensitivity of low-frequency interferometric observations was found. An increase in turbulence of the interplanetary medium beyond the Earth’s orbit lasting up to several days, conjugate with manifestations of the sporadic solar activity, was also detected. Conclusions: The study allows to determine the interplanetary medium influence on the limitation of sensitivity in the interferometric observations and find optimal elongations for studying the angular structure of weak radio sources. An account of solar activity events can be used for a short-term forecast when determining the strategy of highly sensitive observations. The proposed method for detecting the solar wind turbulence can be used in studying the process of interaction of the solar events with the interplanetary medium.

This paper focuses on coin hoard found in a ceramic vessel during rescue archeological excavations in Chukovezer village, Dragoman municipality, Sofia district. Coin hoard consists of 23 roman bronze coins —folles from the period of the Tetrarchy and Constantine the Great. The earliest coins (2 coins) belong to emperors Galerius Maximianus and Maximinus II Daia. The most numerous coins (13 coins) are those struck under Constantine the Great. The next small group of coins (8 folles) belong to emperor Licinius I. The event that provoked the concealment of the hoard was the First Civil War between Licinius I and Constantine I that began in 316, and the battle at Campus Mardiensis (Harmanli) in particular, taking place probably in the late 316 — early 317. The further issue discussed in the paper is comparative analysis with coin hoards found in the region of the Southwestern Bulgaria with roman coins of the same period.

The main direction in the breeding of legumes is the development of high-productive cultivars with stable yields. In order to assess the ecological stability of 17 broad bean accessions (Fb 1896, Fb 1903, Fb 1929, Fb 2481, Fb 2486, Fb 3270, BGE 002106, BGE 029055, BGE 032012, BGE 041470, BGE 043776, BGE 046721, FbH 13, FbH 14, FbH 15, FbH 16, BGP) with regard to key quantitative traits, a field experiment was conducted in the Institute of Forage Crops (Pleven) in 2016–2018. Plants were grown under organic farming conditions without the use of fertilizers or pesticides. Three types of stability parameters were calculated based on regression, variance, and nonparametric analysis. The results of the variance analysis showed a significant genotype × environment interaction for all quantitative traits except pod width. The factor ‘environment’ had the greatest impact on the phenotypic manifestation of the traits, followed by the factors ‘genotype’ and ‘genotype × environment interaction’. In terms of plant height and 1st pod height, accessions FbH 16 and FbH 13 can be classified as high (79 cm, 35 cm) and ecologically stable (bi = 0.76, bi = 0.79). BGE 029055 was little variable and had high numbers of pods (15) and seeds (41) per plant. Accessions FbH 14, FbH 16, FbH 15, and BGP were distinguished by high seed weight per plant (from 28.36 to 34.93 g), but they exhibited instability (bi > 1) under unfavorable environmental conditions. In contrast, Fb 1903, BGE 043776, and Fb 3270 were very stable (bi < 1) but low-productive. Accessions Fb 1896, Fb 1929, Fb 2481, Fb 2486, BGE 002106, and BGE 029055 showed intermediate parameters, as they had the coefficient of linear regression close to 1, but they were also low-productive. BGE 041470 appeared to be of special interest for breeding. It had high values of 100 seed mass (101.38 g) and seed weight per plant (32.14 g), being relatively stable (bi = 1.10). GGE biplot analysis determined accessions BGE 046721, BGE 032012, FbH 15 and FbH 16 as a promising breeding material combining high and stable seed yield.

A.I. Safronova, E.A. Pyr’eva, O.V. Georgieva Federal Research Center for Nutrition & Biotechnology, Moscow, Russian Federation Abstract Dietary patterns established at a young age have a significant impact on eating disorders. Therefore, the impact of individual food products is crucial. This paper discusses the use of drinks in early childhood nutrition, given novel ideas on the effects of specific nutrients on a child’s health. The most disputable issue is the intake of simple carbs found in drinks. Currently, no guidelines on controlling added sugars in children under two years are available. The paper addresses the drink types containing carbohydrates included in childhood nutrition and the nutritional value of juices of various substrates. Foreign and Russian recommendations on quantitative limitations of high-carbohydrate beverages in childhood nutrition (given the effect of their overconsumption on the development of metabolic disorders) are highlighted. The authors describe specialized juice-containing beverages for childhood nutrition, requirements for manufacturing, and enri chment with nutrients. The assessment results on the nutrient content of juices for child nutrition are discussed. Finally, current trends in the manufacturing of juice-containing drinks and their role in providing young children with nutrients are uncovered. Keywords: children, juices, drinks, nutrients, simple carbs. For citation: Safronova A.I., Pyr’eva E.A, Georgieva O.V. Beverages in child nutrition. Russian Journal of Woman and Child Health. 2022;5(1):78–84 (in Russ.). DOI: 10.32364/2618-8430-2022-5-1-78-84.

Chromatin remodelling multiprotein complexes play an important role in regulation of gene expression in embryogenesis and in the adult organism. Mutations in the subunits of the complexes are often lethal or lead to developmental defects. Complexes consist of core subunits and a specific module. The core consists of ATPase and structure subunits, specific subunits of the module are necessary for chromatin binding. PHF10 (PHD finger protein 10) is a subunit of the PBAF (polybromo-associated BAF) chromatin remodelling complex subfamily. Conserved and highly regulated PHF10 is ubiquitously expressed in mammals as four different isoforms. The isoforms of PHF10 differ by domain structures and posttranslational modifications. All isoforms are highly regulated and included in the PBAF complex in a mutually exclusive manner. Two of the PHF10 isoforms (PHF10-P) are expressed at a high level in neuronal and myeloid progenitors and are necessary for cell proliferation. These isoforms contain PHD (plant homeodomain) fingers for nucleosome binding and recruit RNA polymerase II on the promoters of cell cycle genes. Two other isoforms (PHF10-S) instead of PHD have PDSM (phosphorylation-dependent sumoylation motif), the motif for SUMO1 conjugation. PHF10 is the most unstable subunit of the PBAF complex. Stability can alter the turnover rate of the subunits of the PBAF complex. All PHF10 isoforms are degraded by β-TrCP ubiquitin ligase but PHF10-S isoforms contain a cluster of serins (X-cluster) for multiple phosphorylation by casein kinase I. This phosphorylation protects the β-TrCP degron from β-TrCP recognition and subsequently stabilizes the PHF10-S isoforms. Thus, the incorporation of PHF10 isoforms with different phosphorylation patterns and different stability into the PBAF complexes alters the functions of the entire PBAF complex and determines the range of genes undergoing remodelling.

SAGA/TFTC, which is a histone acetyltransferase complex, plays an important role in the regulation of transcription. We have identified that the metazoan TFTC/STAGA complexes had histone H2A and H2B deubiquitinase activity that is carried out by a DUBm (deubiquitination module). We studied the DUBm of SAGA in Drosophila melanogaster and identified Drosophila homologs of yeast DUBm components. Two subunits of DUBm (Sus1/ENY2 and Sgf11) were shown to have functions separate from DUBm function. Thus, Sus1/ENY2 was shown to be present in several different complexes. Sgf11 was found to be associated with the cap-binding complex (CBC) and recruited onto growing messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA). Also, we have shown that Sgf11 interacted with the TREX-2/AMEX mRNA export complex and was essential for mRNA export from the nucleus. Immunostaining of the polytene chromosomes of Drosophila larvae revealed that Sgf11 is present at the sites of localization of snRNA genes. It was also found in immunostaining experiments that dPbp45, the subunit of the PBP complex, the key player in the snRNA transcription process, is associated not only with the snRNA gene localization sites, but with other sites of active transcription by PolII. We also revealed that Sgf11 was present at many active transcription sites in interbands and puffs on polytene chromosomes, Sgf11 was localized at all Brf1 (the component of the RNA polymerase III basal transcription complex) sites. We concluded that SAGA coactivated transcription of both the PolII and PolIII-dependent snRNA genes.

The article examines the Bulgarian neologisms nomina personalia from the first decade of the 21st century that were formed of the initial abbreviations (for example abeveec, idilec, etc.), proving that the productive basis is not the grapheme combination (ABV, IDIL), but the so-called lexoid (for example [abeve], [idil]). On the grounds of the word formation and morpheme analysis that was performed in advance, the nouns that are directly motivated by the lexoids are organized in wordformation nests, as each derivative is related to its particular and summarizing scheme.

Global History is one of the phenomena and a consequence of the process of globalization, stimulating intercultural dialog as the basis for improved mutual understanding between people. Numerous modern historians recognize that there is a need to abandon the construction ‘the West and the Rest’ that has dominated for a long time in the historiography. Global History should focus on the study of communication and interaction between governments and nations. Modern historiography refers the beginning of a process of globalization to the 15th century. In connection with this chronological milestone this essay considers the initial phase of the process establishing sustainable relationships between Western Europe and Russia. It began in the second half of the 15th century. In the 17th century all the contacts with Western Europe became a constant of Russian socio-cultural devices and one of the phenomena of Russian history. Despite the support provided to aliens by the Russian government, relationship of the foreigners with the Russian society was contradictory. However, by the end of the 17th century, in attitude of Russian society to everyone who had come from the West began to develop two parallel lines. A negative attitude to the innovation and commitment to old, spiritual and household traditions remained by the peasantry and part of the elite of society. The urban population and the other part of the noble elite of society showed tolerance and willingness to accept much of the new that had appeared in Russia thanks to its rapprochement with the West.

The molecular structure of Vitamin D is closely allied to that of classical steroids such as cholesterol. Technically Vitamin D is a seco-steroid hormone. Vitamin D3 (cholecalciferol) is normally produced by exposure to sunlight of the precursor (7-dehydrocholesterol), present in the skin. Vitamin D supplementation vary between 200 IU to 1000 IU. Serum levels of 25(OH)D are generally consider as a indicator of Vitamin D status. Vitamin D plays an essential role in healthcare, related not only with developing and maintaining a healthy skeleton. Its adequate supplementation reduce even the risk of caries and oral infections. Furthermore Vitamin D as a steroid hormone, modulates many gene transcription and has anti-inflammatory and cardiovascular protective effect. Uncertainly low serum levels of 25(OH)D are associated with misbalance in lipid profile and dyslipidemia, sacropenia and muscle weakness. Its insufficiency is also a risk factor for enhanced reception of pain, risk of type 2 diabetes, and often falls occurrences. Adequate Vitamin D status is protective against musculoskeletal disorders, infection disease, depression, diabetes mellitus, autoimmune diseases and neurocognitive dysfunctions. In sport activities and athletic population adequate serum levels of 25(OH)D increase muscle strength, and physical performance, and should be monitored.

The purpose of the article is to replenish the information fi eld of Russian historians by introducing data about a little-known element in the historiography in the system of staff trai-ning in elite educational institutions of Russia in the middle of the 19th century. The object of the study is the young age of Nikolai Karlovich Schilder (1842-1902), who by honourable service in the military fi eld rose to the rank of Lieutenant General (1893) after completing two educational institutions. As a result of his historical studies, he became the corresponding mem-ber of the Petersburg Academy of Sciences (1900). Based on the information found in archival and published historical sources, as well as in the an-nexes to the published historical works, there is considered the process of N.K. Schilder’s acquiring not only a large body of knowledge, but also the process of his personality formation as a patriot of Russia.Five years (1857-1862) were a special period of his life as a future military engineer and historian - the time when he obtained secondary and special higher military education. The years of studies in the Pages Corps and the Nikolaev Engineering Academy were of great use for him. He showed good results in studies and extraordinary creative abilities. The article shows the scope of knowledge and quality of skills obtained by N.K. Shilder while studying, the degree of his preparedness to work both as a military engineer and historian-researcher. The article proves that he obtained professional knowledge necessary for a military engineer; he was accustomed to thinking big, to working systematically, independently and creatively. Self-discipline and acquired skills of research work were the key to his future success in the fi eld of military and military-political history and in the biographical genre.

The work is a cognitive revision of the so-called complex sentence. For us, "complicated, complex" is not the qualification of a sentence as a syntax, but a qualification of predication – the way in which the subjectively-predication relation is constructed, i.e. the predication building in certain sentences is complex. Their subject and predicate are expressed not by nominations but by their own predications.

The article is oneof the researches, related to the study of the scientific problem of thehistorical sources classification. The purpose of this article is the analysis of the process of achieving the solution to the problem of the classification at the present stage of the domestic source studydevelopment. The object of the study is not only the sources but different proposals of historians solving the problem of the classification. This study focuses on the methodological proposals of a number of prominent Russian historians such as L.N. Pushkarev, I.D. Kovalchenko, O.M. Medushevskaya, A.G. Tartakovsky, etc. They developed fundamental approaches to the science-based solution to the problem of historical sources classification and created a new classification scheme. Rejecting the division of historical sources into documentaries (“residues”) and narrative (“tradition”) popular from the mid XIXth century, the author of the article supports the idea of Russian historians of the 1970-1980s of dividing all sources at two levels. On the first level-typology -there is taken into account the syntactic (signed) aspect of information historical sources that define the playback of certain groups (real, visual, phonic and written). The second level of the division of historical written sources into the “species” was based on the recognition of the leading role of their social functionality in the period of their existence in the past and, in general, on the pragmatic aspect of their information. The author identifies five kinds of historical written sources, stressing that each of them is created for one (basic) function, but may in some cases perform other (side) functions. Defining multifunctional sources as their immanent quality, the author stresses that, in addition to the social function, all of them implement an epistemological function, being the basis of historical knowledge.

Semantic dictionary of kinship denominations in the Bulgarian language The article is a presentation of Semantic dictionary of kinship denominations in the Bulgarian language, which is integral part of my monograph Kinship and kinship denominations in the Bulgarian language (semantics and lexicographic presentation). The dictionary is organized according to digital codes (ideal terms), then a metalanguage in the form of definitions, and finally the particular language signs themselves. 111 particular kinship-related referents are presented (men, women, children and couples), for whom we have at least one denomination. The article provides information about a range of potential theoretical and scientific applications of the dictionary. Semantyczny słownik nazw stopnia pokrewieństwa w języku bułgarskim Artykuł jest prezentacją Semantycznego słownika nazw stopni pokrewieństwa w języku bułgarskim, stanowiącego integralną część mojej monografii Pokrewieństwo i nazwy stopni pokrewieństwa w języku bułgarskim (semantyka i opis leksykograficzny). Słownik zorganizowany jest według kodów cyfrowych (terminy idealne), następnie według tworzących metajęzyk definicji, w końcu zaś według samych poszczególnych znaków językowych. Prezentuję w nim 111 desygnatów-stopni pokrewieństwa, dla których dysponujemy choć jedną nazwą (kobiety, mężczyzny, dziecka czy pary). Artykuł wskazuje także szereg potencjalnych teoretycznych i naukowych zastosowań słownika.

The article related to the study of the scientific problem "dialogue of cultures and civilizations" analyses the process of integration of foreigners in different culture and their adaptation to a different cultural area. The object of the research is the activity of count Choiseul-Gouffier (Marie-Gabriel-Florent-Auguste Choiseul-Gouffier, 1752-1817) as a typical representative of the French monarchist elite, who found temporary refuge in Russia after the French Revolution. The article explains the reasons which caused the choice of Russia as the place of immigration, as well as the degree of adaptation to the Russian reality. The research is based on the information from the memoirs of the count’s contemporaries. The French publication of documentation of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs was used as an additional source. For 10 years in the Russian Empire the count, being a connoisseur of art and history, highly erudite man, brought his knowledge and organizational skills into the development of the library service of Russia and art education at the Academy of Fine Arts. However, he did not perceive Russia as a second homeland, and in 1802 he returned to France, where his personality was much more highly appreciated.

The effect of microbial growth regulator Mitsefit on sowing qualities of seeds and biometric parameters of pepper seedlings has been studied. The optimal effective concentration 10 ppm for utilization was determined. This concentration has the maximum positive effect on the germination energy; germination; early seedling growth; the rate of occurrence of phenological stages; and biometric parameters of seedlings. Pre6sowing seed soaking in 10 ppm Mitsefit for 30 minutes increases the vigor of seeds of pepper for 4 – 7.5%; the germination of seeds – for 6;5– 11%; and accelerates the production of pepper seedlings for 3 days.

A periodic phytopathology field monitoring was conducted on 35 introduced common bean (Phaseolus) accessions at Maritsa Vegetable Crops Research Institute in 2014. The epiphytotic disease black root rot on the bean crops (over 75 % reduction of the stand) was recorded for the first time for the area of Bulgaria. The causal agent isolated from the plant tissue was identified as the fungus Thielaviopsis basicola (Berkeley) Ferraris. A strong relationship between disease severity variation and environmental and soil conditions was established. Black root rot was most severe when cool and wet weather occurred from seedling time to about three weeks after planting, combined with increased soil compaction. Field resistance was recorded in Bulgarian var. “Plovdivski zult”, var. “Starozagorski tzer” and line № 564 (3,66%, 5.33% and 6,50 % dumping-off of bean seedlings, respectively). Bean accession introduced from dry climate areas were highly susceptible to black root rot pathogen (over 76.0 % dumping-off of bean seedlings). Indirect relationship was found between bean tolerance to Th. basicola and presence of the anthocyanin in the hypocotyl and seed coat color. Install the average negative correlation between seed color signs (and hypocotyl) and the resistance of plants to Th. basicola. Samples with resistance to black root rot belong to the group with beige, red, brown or black color of seeds. The presence of phenolic compounds (anthocyanins) in the seed coat and hypocotyls beans can serve as an indirect indication of the selection of resistant to black rot breeding materials.

The purpose of this article is to give some information about the First World War and pay tribute to the memory of those who defended the honour of their country. The authors consider the written and oral (family stories) sources devoted to one of those “flying men”, who were “the eyes of the army”. So the article deals with the history of participation of military aviator A.M. Cheremukhin [18 (30).05.1895, Moscow - 19.08.1958, Palanga, Lithuanian SSR, Soviet Union] in the First World War. He later became a Soviet scientist, designer of aircraft and helicopter, Doctor of Engineering (1937), Professor (1934), Lenin prizewinner (1957), twice Stalin prizewinner (1949, 1952), honored worker of science and technology of the Russian Federation (1947). He was awarded six orders of the Russian Empire (1916, 1917), «Croix de Guerre» of France (1917) and six Soviet orders (three orders of Lenin, two orders of the Red Banner of Labour and the order of the Red Star). The authors briefly describe the major milestones of his biography and measures to perpetuate his memory.

Since the moment of its formulation, the concept of prebiotics was supported and developed by many researches across the world. The usage of prebiotics for the optimization of the intestinal microflora composition and, therefore, the strengthening of infants health has an increased interest both of scientists and pediatricians. In this article the authors give briefly account on the classification and characteristics of the most common prebiotics, making an emphasis on inulin-type fructans, and show literature and their own data on clinical assessment of different prebiotic products.

The research analyses practically proved model of text centered model of pedagogic and phycological profile of the students based on maximal effect in using of static and dynamic features of created/creating texts. Traditionally in university education in Bulgaria is related active participation with written texts-group work, solitary work, assuming resume or syllabus, report or research on specific problem, developing of conspectus of lessons, analysis of viewed lessons, summary of texts used in different situations, etc. The article suggests a model of slightly different model of analyzing and using of texts, created by students in the context of realization of the educational model based on reflexibility. The research is based on 284 texts created from March 2017 to October 2018 by students first and second year of education in The University of the Town of Shumen Bishop Konstantin Preslavski - Primary school teaching with a foreign language, Preparatory class teaching and Preparatory and primary teaching. The texts of the students have been viewed in two contexts static as a whole verbal product and dynamic as realized actions of producing and analyzing of the texts. The analysis of students' texts is done due to division either as a monologue or soliloquy with specific content, structure, formal and functional specifics. The effect of research and evaluating the texts with pedagogical themes is proved in the context of ruling educational motives-activity, reflexibility, motivation,responsibility in self education. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article analyzes the role of memoirs as the native culture phenomenon, process and means of introducing memoirs to the social and scientific and educational practice. The author considers the Russian historians' views development on theoretical and methodological problems of memoirs studies. There are shown the offered variants and achieved results of development of defining «memoirs», studies of their specific peculiarities, principles and schemes of memoirs systematization as well as the criteria of defining their scientific and educational value as historical sources.

The tested tomato cultivars had been bred and adapted to environmental factors with regard to open field cultivation in Nonchernozem zone of Russia. Agriculturally valuable traits were studied in many regions: Astrakhan, Volgograd, Belgorod, Primorie krai, and also in Uzbekistan, Moldavia, Kazakhstan, Kirghizia, Ukraine, and Byelorussia. Results that had been analyzed provided information concerning the ecological cultivar sustainable adaptation and required biodiversity. Russian tomato cultivars that possessed high adaptation characteristics were tested for 2 years in open field conditions of Bulgaria and Russia.

The development of computer technology has changed learning techniques. The digital generation is ready for the challenge of including information and communication technologies not only in their daily lives, but also in the learning process. The report examines the main features of AR technology and the possibilities for its application both in education and in various areas of society. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Copyright of Central Asian Journal of Social Sciences & Humanities is the property of Al-Farabi Kazakh National University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Bulgarian Journal of Public Health is the property of National Center of Public Health & Analyses and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The article analyzes the socio-cultural competencies determined by the state educational requirements for learning literature in high school. The text emphasizes their inconformity with the standards for civic education as well as with the needs of the civil society for personalities who can think critically and are able to take active and responsible position. This work also insists on reformulating the regulations for socio-cultural competence with regard to adoption of the social role of the citizen. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Based on the conductometric measurements of the electrical conductance of dilute sodium hydrogen selenite solutions in water in the temperature interval 5 to 45 °C empirical equation was derived, describing the temperature and concentration dependence of the specific conductivity of NaHSeO3 solutions in H2O. The coefficients in the semiempirical Fuoss--Onsager equation for symmetric 1:1 valent electrolytes were determined for the dependence of the equivalent conductance on the concentration. The values of the equivalent conductivity of the hydrogen selenite ion at infinite dilution in H2O were calculated in the studied temperature range. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The removal of Cr(VI) ions from aqueous solutions by black rice husk ash was studied at different conditions. The effects of some parameters such as initial pH, contact time, adsorbent dose, initial concentration and temperature on the removal of Cr(VI) were investigated. Using different kinetic equations were calculated the kinetic parameters, characterizing the adsorption process. The values of the change of enthalpy and entropy of the formation of the activated complex from the reagents and changes of Gibbs free energy were determined. Freundlich and Langmuir adsorption isotherms were applicable to the adsorption process and their corresponding constants were calculated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article deals with the methods of amortization of non-current tangible assets, regulated by the applicable accounting standards. Data are used to illustrate the operation with them. The annual amortization allowances are calculated by any of the methods of amortization within the useful life of the asset, using the same data. Amortization allowances are accounted as amortization costs relating as directed, according to the adopted accounting policies by enterprises. They are included in the formation of the cost of the products of labour and accounting financial result. To demonstrate their effect on the financial result, a comparison between them has been made. Tables and graphs are included in the article. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Farm Accountancy Data Network (FADN) is a partial representative survey for evaluating the income and economic activities of agricultural holdings in the European Union. The survey covers only holdings that are considered market-oriented or commercial and they form the field of observation. In this paper we present the methodological framework of the FADN survey with the emphasis on the basic definitions and main indicators describing the activities of the agricultural holdings. Further we clarify the criteria used for the stratification of the holdings, the sampling methods and the contents of the Farm Return questionnaire. More attention is focused on the specific application of the FADN in Bulgaria with statistical analysis of the main economic results of the agricultural holdings for the period 2004 - 2009. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]