Search

The article introduces attraction marketing methods employed by Russian monthly popular science magazine Diletant. The authors compared the printed version and the website. The paper magazine attracts the reader mainly by the topic name printed on its cover as a unique creolized text. The further semantics of the front media text includes various aspects of the main topic. Color highlights both topical issue and regular features. The comparative analysis with the online version revealed some significant differences. The website has a muted color scheme and minimal animation; it contains neither video nor audio materials. Like in the printed version, the function of attraction belongs mainly to illustrations and subtitles. Online Diletant is interactive in navigation, tests, and surveys, which are, however, the only form of interactivity: the site does not provide comments, forums, “likes”, etc. Such limited use of attention-seeking tools makes the digital version of Diletant uncompetitive and inferior to its paper issue.

The article presents a historiographic review of "Siberia: XX Century". This interuniversity collection of research papers was published in Kemerovo in 1997–2007. Based on standard research methods and special historical and historiographic principles, the authors analyzed the periodical as a complex historiographic source. The quantitative analysis made it possible to calculate the ratio of the special issues, to assess the editorial board and authors, to describe the research subjects, etc. The semantic analysis was based on the content analysis, which also revealed to what degree the authors of the journal participated in the historical discourse. The paper features retrospective and prospective analyzes of the main research works of the leading Siberian scientists published in "Siberia: XX Century". The research objective was to identify the patterns of the current historiographic situation based on the state of knowledge of the key historical processes in Siberia.

The content of the article up consists in methodological reflections about general principles of experimenting in linguistics on the whole and in Russian linguistics in particular. In this regard the article deals with the studies which are within the tradition starting in the works of I. A. Baudeuine de Courtenay, L. V. Sherba and other linguists who thought the address to the language consciousness (language feeling) to give the relevant information about the language itself. The other line is the reflection over axiomatization and absolutization of this principle in modern anthropocentric linguistics. Though these two lines present different subjects coming from different sources and different research presumptions, they are put in close connection and interrelation. In conclusion, the author states that a full and deep view of language cannot be created without studies based on the other contrary presumption.

The paper sums up the experimental linguistic research of Russian words and texts carried out by the group of Western Siberia linguists under the supervision of the author of this paper. The experiments were based on different materials, they used different forms and ways of experimenting. The paper presents the attempt of realizing and reflecting their set as some entity united by the main principles of making experiments and peculiarities of their realization in hindsight. The paper presents two directions: methodical and methodological. The first direction, presented in Paper 1, consists in the collection and systematization of the positive experience of particular experimenting. As a result of its realization the following principles of experimenting are pointed out and described: word inclusion into the context; seriality; paradigmatic and syntagmatic organization; approximation of the experimental situation to the real speech situations. According to the author, such generalizations can be useful for other researchers to conduct similar experiments.

The paper is the third part of the author’s publications cycle devoted to professional stability of future teachers. The paper deals with the analysis of one of the approaches to professional consistency of a teacher and its constituent elements (such as motivational, emotional, cognitive, professional-pedagogical and others).The paper touches upon the analysis of the reason for mixing the concepts ‘stability’ and ‘consistency’ in the scientific literature and their synonymous use; the concept ‘stability’ is studied in the field of the sciences that do not identify‘stability’ as ‘consistency’, but use them independently of each other (particularly, sociology, ecology).

This paper is the first part of the author’s publications cycle devoted to professional stability of future teachers. The article deals with analyzing the essence of the notion of stability/consistency from the position of various sciences: philosophy, mechanics, mathematics, cybernetics, physics, sociology, ecology, psychology. Stability/consistency is considered as a characteristic feature of objects, mechanical and natural systems and their conditions, as a personal characteristic.

The article studies the evolution of the military-political course of the French Fifth Republic. The authors provide a comprehensive analysis of the four editions of the French White Paper, which are the conceptual foundations of the country’s defense and national security strategy. Particular attention is paid to the impact of the domestic political situation, international political and economic processes, as well as membership in the European Union and the North Atlantic Alliance on the formation of France’s defense policy. The methodological basis for the study of the French military policy evolution is a systematic approach: a comprehensive study of the Fifth Republic’s defense and national security strategy as parts of the global European security architecture, which consists of closely related components. In addition the authors use the concrete-historical method, as well as induction, deduction, content analysis and comparative analysis of the Fifth Republic’s regulatory and legal documentation in the field of national defense and security, which allowed identifying elements of the specifics and continuity of the military-political course of France. With the help of forecasting, as well as a statistical method based on official data from government departments and research centers, the authors assessed the state of the French Republic Armed Forces. The excessive involvement of the French armed forces in various external and internal military operations, accompanied by a reduction in the number of personnel and deterioration of their equipment, weakens of the combat potential of Paris.

Interest in innovative technological strategies and modern digital tools has increased significantly due to the need to manage large amounts of unstructured data. This paper reviews current paradigms and services for automated summarization, developed based on interdisciplinary research in linguistics, computer technologies, and artificial intelligence. It focuses on syntactic and lexical techniques employed by neural network models for text compression. The paper presents performance examples of such AI-powered services as QuillBot, Summate.it, WordTune, SciSummary, Scholarcy, and OpenAI ChatGPT. The contemporary automated models proved effective in using extractive and abstractive methods to generate summaries of varying quality and length. The extractive approach relies on identifying the most significant sentences from the original text, while abstractive algorithms create new sentence structures that preserve the main idea of the original content. Automated summarizers effectively utilize text compression techniques that are inherent to human approach to text processing, e.g., they exclude redundant information, simplify complex structures, and generalize data. These technologies provide high accuracy and coherence in the generated summaries, though each summarization model has its limitations. Optimal results depend on the specifics of the task at hand: extractive models provide brevity and precision while abstractive ones allow for deeper semantic processing. Automated summarization is becoming an important tool in various fields that require effective analysis and processing of large text data.

This research accumulated a representative source base on the history of military education institutions in Asian Russia in the XIX – early XX centuries. It featured the complex and contradictory processes that accompanied the first years of the Neplyuev military school in the first quarter of the XIX century. The paper introduces a wide source base that includes some previously unstudied documents from the Russian State Military Historical Archive and the Russian State Historical Archive. The author used a systematic approach that combined standard scientific techniques with special chronological, genetic, comparative, and functional historical methods. The paper describes the early years of the military school, i.e., prerequisites, opening, military governors’ contribution, the first teaching staff, financial issues, etc. The military school was unique in its international composition as it accepted sons of the Central Asian nobility. According to the curriculum, foreign languages were one of the main competences to acquire. The school trained not only officers for irregular Cossack troops, but also translators for the Orenburg Border Commission that provided international relations between Russia and the Turkic peoples of Central Asia. The school educated the indigenous population and developed its national intelligentsia while consolidating Russian influence in Central Asia. The school was an important step towards the development of the Russian Empire as a Eurasian power. The Orenburg Military School became the most important institution of military education in Asian Russia as it laid foundations for the formation of the local military and teaching personnel.

The paper discusses linguistic autodidactics that lead to the comprehension of social reality. The paper focuses on the Francais Authentique francophone social medium used for language teaching and political discourse comprehension. The author conducted a linguadidactic experiment by using YouTube technologies to practice the French language using authentic traditional and newest sources on the presidential elections in France in 2022. The methodology was based on the authentic theory of discourse analysis frames. The theory features the frames of key communicators and target audiences, factual analysis, analysis of linguistic components of discourse, and the frames of performance, multimedia communication, values, rational argumentation, virtual communication, and feedback. The results shed light upon strategic importance of new media and success of political strategies of centrism in politics.

The paper aims to demonstrate the students’ interaction with artificial intelligence (AI) of educational information and communication technologies (ICTs). The study focuses on the students’ groups studying the Foreign Language discipline and belonging to the non-linguistic departments of the university. The paper explains and defines "AI" and "ICT" concepts as well as the "interaction in the educational process." The necessity of studying the students’ interaction with AI is becoming a great sign of the era of digitalization of higher education. The primary scientific method of the study is modeling. As a result, the students’ interaction with AI is shown via the model demonstrating some systematic factors of interaction and dynamic processes influencing its course. The study’s principal conclusion became the correlating interrelation between the levels of AI influence on the students and their reflexive and evaluation abilities within linguistic competence.

The paper addresses a vital issue of forming idioms with nominations of human body. Human body-related words nominating body parts, physiological and mental processes are used to form numerous English idioms. In given paper these idioms are referred to as human body-related. The paper aims at revealing the specifics of lexical and semantic constituents of the idioms with reference to their contexts. We collected 200 human body-related English idioms from academic books and dictionaries. The research comprised four stages. The thematic classification based on the lexical structure of the idioms revealed prevalence of the idioms comprising words head, eyes, heart, back, foot, and hand. The similarities found in the meanings of all the idioms under study provided semantic classification into five groups, namely, characteristics, action, state, causation, and ability. Next we focused on contextual and semantic specifics of the idioms. In particular, the idioms, containing the word head were studied in the texts of the British National Corpus. The contexts provided the following additional meanings of the idioms: higher position, achievements, location, expenses, and inability to do something. The revealed collocations follow AV+K type. The obtained results and developed algorithm may be applied to lexical and contextual studies of idioms and lexical groups.

Today, academic corpora are a matter of great interest to many linguists. The article examines the importance of academic corpora in modern linguistics and pedagogy as a tool for identifying typical errors in the speech of foreign language students. They reveal problems in foreign language acquisition and create new teaching methods. The paper reviews the existing academic corpora and error classifications. The authors developed a corpus of oral speech errors typical of Russian-speaking IT students that study English for IT purposes. The corpus relied on 50 video recordings of in-class activities in which students communicated with English-speaking IT specialists and made up dialogues in English. The corpus made it possible to identify the main difficulties experienced by adult learners of English for IT purposes. It involves a tagged classification of typical errors divided by language level into morphological, syntactic, lexical, and phonetic ones. The research demonstrated good prospects for developing other academic speech corpora with automated error tagging based on the speech of English learners.

The paper discusses how Design Thinking and Technology-Enhanced Learning can support multidisciplinary teams in Higher Education working on creative projects. In particular, it proposes the integration of Design Thinking and AI-driven technologies into educational methodology to improve communication, engagement, personalized learning, and interactivity of students. The results of this approach are to address the challenges of Higher Education consisting in students’ assessment of the learning process, developing their creativity, critical thinking, and problem-solving skills. This educational project is designed in collaboration with the Department of Industrial Design and the Learning Mall at Xi’an Jiaotong-Liverpool University. The methodology includes a literature review on Design Thinking and analysis of surveys from the Design School students at Xi’an Jiaotong-Liverpool University and the AI assistants. Dynamic tools such as Articulate Rise 360 and AI have made it possible to visualize concepts and create interactive content for learners. The results include two educational prototypes that introduce a new thinking model to Design Thinking methodology and share experiments with interactive technological features. Applying this approach, teachers can create an environment conducive to the development of skills needed in the 21st century.

Introduction. Cheese production is a promising niche with high profitability and excellent growth prospects. The city of Moscow and the Moscow region are the largest producers of cheeses and cheese products in Russia. Cheese production is developing there as part of the import substitution policy. The article describes some promising development directions of the local cheese industry. Study objects and methods. The paper analyzes and generalizes recent research publications, as well as regulatory and legislative documents, from legislative, statistical, and diagnostic positions. Results and discussion. The Moscow Region ranks second in the Central Federal District in terms of gross milk production; its indicator was 700 000 tons by the end of 2020. In 2016–2020, the list of leading cheese-producing areas included the regions of Altai, Moscow, Bryansk, Belgorod, and Voronezh. In Moscow and the Moscow region, the largest share in the structure of cheese production belongs to semi-hard cheeses followed by whizzed and soft cheese, with the annual consumption of cheese of 7 kg. Conclusion. The article features the current state of cheese market in the city of Moscow and the Moscow region, its development prospects, structure, production dynamics, consumption rate, etc. The paper also contains a forecast of the regional cheese production based on new production technologies and assortment policy.

The present research featured the cultural and chronological context of the Oglakhty-Tom petroglyphs found in the lower valley of the Tom river. The author compiled a complete list of geometric petroglyphs of South Siberia, as well as a series of representational parallels that can help to date geometric zoomorph characters carved by the Bronze Age peoples of West Siberia. The author also illustrated some representational parallels for geometric petroglyphs from the early Andronian period found in the Vasyugan complex and the Lugavskoye burial mound in the Middle Yenisei. The paper introduces some results of carbon dating for these petroglyphs. The author detected some new archaeologic and petroglyphic complexes in the Lower Tom that go back to the epoch between Early Andronian time and the Bronze Age. He established the connection between the geometric petroglyphs and the Early Andronian complex in the Lower Tom, while the Minor Tuva-Altai petroglyphs proved to be as old as the Early Seyma-Turbino period. The paper contains palimpsests and ritual assemblages that prove that Oglakhty-Tom and Late Angara petroglyphs once co-existed. The author believes that the geometric petroglyphs and the realistic Late Angara petroglyphs date back to the same Early Andronian communities. The research also traces back various sources of these art traditions.

Introduction. The traditional model of restaurant business demonstrates an asymmetry between the structure of the complex service provided by restaurants and the structure of the customer payments, as restaurants normally charge only the price of meals while providing customers with a place for eating and offering them waiter services. This asymmetry creates mutual misunderstanding between restaurants and customers and undermines the performance of restaurants. Therefore, it creates a demand for a new model of monetization of restaurant service that would take into account the complex nature of these services. Study objects and methods. The paper reviews the existing practice of restaurant business. It focuses on the case study of the True Cost restaurant chain (Moscow, Russia), which is a typical example of the “true cost” model. Models of monetization are structured on the basis of strategic matrices method. Results and discussion. The author described the non-economic and economic tools that can be used to capture the value created by the complex restaurant service and built a hierarchical model of monetization system. The “true cost” monetization model sets up separate prices for meals and dining room. The economic nature of this model presupposes a direct link between elements of customers’ payments, elements of the complex service provided by restaurants, and elements of cost – fixed and variable. The author defined advantages and disadvantages of the “true cost” model and assessed the possibility of using it in other sectors of service industry. The paper also introduces a structured system of monetization models in restaurant business. Conclusion. The tradition monetization model blurs the nature of the restaurant services and reduces the financial results. Restaurants should implement monetization models that valorize all elements of the complex service. This goal can be chieved by pricing different elements of the complex service separately.

General theoretical issues related to the concept and classification of rulings made by the court of first instance in civil and arbitration proceedings make it possible to study this institution as a whole. This article considers the concepts of judicial act, court decision, and court ruling from the point of view of legal regulation. The author raised the question of analyzing the existing grounds for classifying court rulings, based on the position of the domestic legislator, i.e., the Supreme Court of the Russian Federation and the Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation. The current legal regulation of the institute of court rulings needs to be amended, despite the vivid scientific interest to this issue. Judicial acts realize the constitutional right of citizens to judicial protection. With this in mind, the author proposed a number of amendments to the legislation, explained the existing definition of court ruling, and classified the rulings of the court of first instance in the current legal regulation. The objectives of the study were to analyze the domestic legal regulation, the positions of the Supreme Court of the Russian Federation, and the Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation, as well as to review studies that featured these issues. The research relied on the formal-logical and logical-legal methods, as well as on some standard methods of scientific research. As a result, the author developed a number of regulations concerning the definition of court ruling by means of a single concept of a judicial act, as well as some adjustments to the approach to the conditions for appealing rulings of the court of first instance. The paper also considers the aspect related to the extent to which the domestic legal regulation of the institution of first instance court rulings corresponds to the right to judicial protection guaranteed by the Constitution. The author introduced a category of influencing the essence of the final judicial act and, as a result, supplemented the criteria for classifying court rulings on this basis. In general, the article introduces an authentic definition of first instance court rulings and the conditions for appeal.

Modern people want to keep the track of as many events as possible while saving as much time as possible and reducing the level of redundant information. Internet digests provide an opportunity to systematize online publications and structure relevant information while focusing on the main facts and ideas. The paper describes the algorithm, editing, and design of Internet digests in social media. The authors analyzed digest entries in the Russian VKontakte social network to identify the methods of collecting, processing, and structuring information at different stages of editing. The standard folding method proved to be especially efficient, considering the stylistic diversity of the source materials compiled. As a result, the editor has to standardize the style without violating the integrity of the original text, eliminating information noise, applying the principles of information literacy and multidimensionality, etc. These aspects determine the structure of the VKontate digest as title – lead – text – call to action – graphic elements. The authors developed procedures for digest editorial as a sequence of actions that provides a high-quality media product with a high coefficient of information efficiency. Editing improves the quality of the material while ensuring its relevance, reliability, and clarity, thus facilitating the reading comprehension.

A clear and unambiguous rendering of spatial relations is the key cognitive function of communication. Spatial relationships reflect the categories and experience shared by all people. The paper introduces the first-of-its-kind attempt to describe the dual spatial orientation of the speaker in virtual reality as depending on two factors: the communicative situation and the gender. Dual spatial orientation combines egocentric, allocentric, or geocentric orientations and their varieties. The combination depends on various factors. The experiment in virtual environment involved 24 informants and five scenarios (scenes) with different communicative parameters. It yielded 725 responses with combinations of double orientations, which went through the IS Semograph. The combination of allocentric and geocentric orientation domineered; the extra-linguistic gender factor and some communicative parameters affected the frequency of combinations of dual spatial orientation. The core of the speaker’s dual spatial orientation in virtual reality combined allocentric and geocentric orientations to the topos of GE \ T + AL and AL + GE \ T.

The author studied idioms with the meaning of appearance defects in digital beauty discourse using hashtagging is a new phraseologizing tool. New idioms with this semantics reflect the transformation of the linguistic worldview as they objectify the modern value attitudes. The high frequency of these idioms indicates that the semantic code of appearance is of great importance: the induced cultivation of appearance defects motivates users to achieve an ideal beauty image. The analysis revealed the transformation of the linguistic worldview through phraseological innovations that reflect the current value orientations. The paper also defines such terms as neophraseologisms, neophrasemes, phraseological neologisms, and phraseotransforms. The phraseological system follows the general trend of the rapid linguistic development caused by online discourse. Mass linguistic creativity, on the one hand, and global precedence, on the other, trigger many current processes in Russian society.

Special events provide organizations with an opportunity to communicate with their prospective customers: private businesses increase brand awareness and loyalty while state socio-cultural institutions pursue various social goals. However, event management as a research subject is shared by many sciences, from sociology to marketing. As a result, no separate science can offer a comprehensive understanding of processes and tools that allow organizations to impact their event visitors. The research objective was to conceptualize the social and communicative tools of event management from digital perspectives. The unified system reflects the multi-channel and time-consuming nature of event management as a total of interrelated impact tools and processes. The author used a systematic and structural-functional approach to conceptualize the social and communicative mechanism in event management. The result was verified against practical approaches specified by the local expert community of event managers. The paper describes the structure of the event-communicative mechanism, including influencing, input-conditioning, and output-correction. The research revealed an additional socio-communicative component, which is based on the properties of reference influence. The goal-setting tools proved to depend on the process in particular or their sets. Instrumental material / information technologies were classified in accordance with the social or communicative components and stages. The concept verification revealed a lack of actual managerial control and coordination of social and self-management processes.

Modern methods of food processing combine ultrasonic and microwave treatment. This article reviews scientific publications on combined microwave and ultrasound technologies in food processing. The review involved standard methods of data analysis and covered 85 Scopus and Web of Science research papers on combined microwave and ultrasonic food treatment published in English in 2010–2023. The article describes the principles and specific features of ultrasonic and microwave food processing methods, their combinations, equipment design, and applications as part of various food processing stages, e.g., defrosting, drying, extraction, sterilization, etc. Microwaves increase the heating rate while ultrasound increases the efficiency of heat and mass transfer. Their combined use reduces processing time, improves product quality, facilitates moisture drainage, and provides uniform heating. The combined effect of microwaves and ultrasound increases the processing efficiency, thus preserving the nutritional value and quality of the final product. Ultrasonic technology serves as an aid to efficient and environmentally-friendly microwave heating, which has a wide range of applications in the food industry. The review can be used in further research in extraction, drying, defrosting, and sterilization. It can help food industry specialists to select optimal food processing methods.

The paper deals with modern aspects of terminology in film industry. The paper aims at the study of the linguistic and extralinguistic levels of film terminology in the professional dialect of filmmakers and general strata of the language. The broader context of the film discourse viewed as a complex communicative issue requires simplified understanding among professionals, as well as during interaction between filmmakers and cinephiles. The author believes that there are two sources of film neologisms, connected with the appearance of new artifacts and adaptation of cinema terms in the interpretative discourse. The method of continuous sampling from modern cinema magazines provided a copious terminological material, which was afterwards studied by means of stylistic, word-building, and axiological analysis. The material demonstrated that modern film industry uses several ways of terminologisation, thus diminishing the distance to the general spoken language. They include simplification, abbreviation, imagery, string terms, holophrasis, blending, and rhymed terminological units. The new means of terminological innovation revealed a trend to conserve the term’s meaning while rendering the term with the additional meaningful or image element, which would facilitate its comprehension in intense communication. The means of terminological innovation were aimed at increasing simplicity, aesthetism, beautification, and irony, as well as invigorating dead imagery, expressing a new concept, and creating euphemisation. The determinologisation of the semantic sphere of cinema was supported by multiple examples and revealed great public and scientific interest to this sphere, indicating continuous productive innovational processes in cinema terminology.

Introduction. The present research featured the antioxidant complex of Russian tea varieties. The research objective was to study the formation patterns of the components responsible for the quality characteristics of tea as a raw material and finished product. The paper describes the changes that the biochemical composition of tea undergoes during the growing season and during processing. The study focused on pigments, vitamins, caffeine, and amino acids. Study objects and methods. The research featured the following varieties of tea grown in the Krasnodar region of Russia: «Kolkhida» (control) and «Sochi» forms – No. 582, 3823, 855, and 2264. The research was performed on the foundation plantation of collection tea in the village of Uch-Dere (Lazarevsky district of Sochi, Krasnodar region, Russia) and in the laboratory of plant physiology and biochemistry. The study involved traditional and advanced research methods. Results and discussion. The paper introduces some results of a comprehensive analysis of the biochemical composition of various tea sorts. Shoots No. 2264, 3823, and the «Sochi» variety demonstrated high values of ascorbic acid. Form No. 3823 and the «Sochi» variety proved to have a relatively stable content of ascorbic acid. All experimental plants had the highest caffeine synthesis in July (from 24.633 to 28.614 μg/100 g). Processing destroyed caffeine and reduced its amount. The experimental samples of raw materials had eleven amino acids, the largest number being synthesized in May. Processing triggered both general changes in their quantity and varietal differences in the metabolic reactions of amino acid conversion. Conclusion. The tea flushes and finished products differed in all biologically active substances, which is associated with both varietal characteristics and the effect of weather conditions during vegetation.

Introduction. Chemical factor presupposes substances that enter the finished product and reduce its quality. Water used in production process can be a source of such substances. The domestic drinking water supply system may contain various contaminants that possess toxic and carcinogenic properties and can affect the quality characteristics of food products. Study objects and methods. The research featured popular water pollutants found in the drinking water supply system, components of fruit and whey beverages, and the process of adsorption extraction of the contaminants by various sorbents. Results and discussion. The paper focuses on the effect of water contamination as a dangerous chemical factor on the quality of restored whey products. The study revealed the effect of organic water pollutants on the formulation components of reduced fruit and whey beverages, including interaction with proteins, lactose, and vitamins of the reduced whey. The research also featured such components of fruit and whey vitamin beverages as anthocyanins, catechins, leucoanthocyanins, and karatine, as well as additives introduced to regulate the sensory properties and improve shelf life. The paper introduces a new method for reducing water contamination based on adsorption processes for extracting organic compounds from aqueous solutions. It describes the specifics, patterns, and mechanisms of adsorption. Activated carbons of SKD-515, AG-OV-1, and AG-3 brands proved to have the best adsorption capacity for both chloroform and trichloroethylene, which makes it possible to recommend them for further research and practical use. A study of the kinetic and dynamic characteristics of the process resulted in the optimal parameters of adsorption columns and operation modes of the adsorption filter. A production flowchart describes the introduction of the adsorption posttreatment stage in the technological process of producing fruit and whey beverages. Conclusion. The proposed method of water decontamination partially reduced the chemical factor and improved the quality of the finished products.

The present research deals with methodical and methodological issues of the study of post-Medieval archaeological sites. The paper focuses on the features of related field and research lab work. The author believes that archeology plays an accessory role in Modern-Time studies, which was a period of radical changes in the demographic and a political situation of Siberia. These conditions triggered the development of new socio-territorial groups, which became involved in the globalization process. Therefore, regional historical problems can be resolved only taking into account a broad historical background. The postMedieval archeology can significantly expand the range of sources for historians and ethnographers. However, the approach requires interdisciplinary interaction. Post-Medieval archeology can be successful only if it solves the tasks formulated by historians. The author proposes a comprehensive program for the accumulation and analysis of archaeological materials. The paper features the case of Modern-Time sites of the Tom River basin, namely the transformation of cultural complexes of the indigenous inhabitants of the Tom River basin in the XVII–XVIII centuries. This process was affected by various groups of Russian settlers and some Sayan-Altai ethnic groups. Therefore, the area of interest of archeology of the Modern Time is wider than "the Russian archeology" that developed in the recent years. As a result, post-Medieval archeology programs require a new methodical and methodological apparatus for scientific research and personnel training.

The research substantiates the role of clinical psychologists in the system of comprehensive rehabilitation within the conditions of bio-psychosocial model of rehabilitation. Practical experience and the analysis of scientific literature made it possible to describe peculiarities of modern complex rehabilitation and the problems experienced by clinical psychologists. The authors determined difficulties and characteristics of professional work of rehabilitation psychologist within modern legal terrain. One problem is the lack of professional standard for the profession of clinical psychologist. The other problem is the inconsistency in the use of terms denoting professional specifics. Тhe paper focuses on the specificity of psychodiagnostic and rehabilitative work of a psychologist in the light of changing theoretical basis of rehabilitation and the transition from the International Classification of Disability Disorders and Social Insufficiency to the International Classification of Functioning, Disability, and Health. The authors showed the discrepancy between the theoretical approaches of domestic and foreign psychology to the assessment of mental disorders. New professional tasks of the psychologist are defined taking into account multidisciplinary orientation of rehabilitation process. The paper describes the problems of professional training of clinical psychologists and specifies new educational tasks are specified proceeding from the modern approach to rehabilitation. Positive dynamics in the solution of the declared problem can be found in new legislative initiatives, development of General clinical recommendations for rehabilitation psychologists, scientific publications on psychological rehabilitation, update of educational programs for training clinical psychologists.

The research featured the implementation of state ideology and legal policy during the World War II. The present paper describes the case of the Altai Territory, where the local militia forces had to struggle against anti-Soviet propaganda and provocative rumors in 1941–1942. The study helped to identify the main reasons that led to such manifestations: the critical situation at the front during the early period of the war; lack of media information about the real state of affairs; distorted information that the disoriented evacuees shared with the local people. Archival materials helped to shed light on the basic forms and methods which the local militia used to combat the rumors. The paper focuses on the means of identification of sources of anti-Soviet propaganda, as well as the peculiarities of criminal prosecution in such cases. During the Great Patriotic War (1941–1945), the militia used various forms and methods to identify sources of anti-Soviet propaganda and provocative rumors. The analysis showed that the militia thoroughly investigated each case, revealing the initial source of anonymous information.

The present research featured legal concepts and terms in legislative texts. The paper focuses on various approaches to legal concepts and terms, e.g. logical-hierarchical, definitional, structural-semantic, etc. The author proved that the concepts of legal term and legal concept are often synonymous. They have the same nominative function, verbal expression, modification procedure, and variability. In addition, both terms possess legislative definitions. As a result, a legislative text can be understood in broad and narrow sense. The study touched upon the following issues: (a) the institutional functions of legislative definitions (interpretative, differentiating, legal, system-forming); (b) the location of the definition within the legislative text; (c) the main methods for constructing a legislative definition (lists, descriptions, combinations) and defective legislative definitions. The paper describes reasons for the ambiguity of legal concepts (terms) and the variability of their legislative definitions. The research was based on the texts of Russian federal and regional laws, legal dictionaries, and judicial practice. The methods included discursive, categorical, and definitional approaches, as well as induction and deduction and contextual, component, comparative analyzes. The obtained results and conclusions may be used in legislative text studies, as well as by experts in legislative and judicial discourse.

The present article introduces a new complex approach to the Russian rural settlements of the XVII – early XX centuries in the Middle Tom' Region basin. The approach unites historical, archaeological, and ethnographic researches for a detailed reconstruction of the process of Russian colonization in the region and its reflection in the local material culture. A thorough analysis of historical documentation made it possible to describe the development of the peasant population in the Middle Tom' Region valley. The four stages of this process are different in growth rates, as well as in the priority role of the southern and northern zones of the region. The XVII century saw the most active process of rural development in Sosnovsk area, while the settlements of Kuznetsk area appeared mostly in the first half of the XVIII century. The growth rate in the north and south areas began to level in the second half of the XVIII century – early XIX century. There were no changes in the total number of settlements registered after the middle of the XIX century. The paper also features a brief analysis of archaeological studies of the rural settlements in Western Siberia. The authors believe that the Middle Tom' Region basin still remain largely understudied. The paper contains a catalog of the local archaeological monuments of the Early Modern Period. The catalog is based on the coverage degree, historical identification, and their protection status. The research revealed a certain territorial disproportion in the number of registered archeological monuments. The authors propose some new directions for further studies of the history and culture of the Russian population in the Middle Tom' Region basin.

The paper features some aspects of Chinese colonization policy in the Mongolian North in the early XX century. There have been publications on the issue; however, they fail to provide a full coverage of the period, and no serious comprehensive study has ever been performed. In this regard, documents of the State Archive of the Russian Federation can contribute to the comprehensive study of the topic. The documents are mostly represented by trip reports to Manchuria in the first quarter of the XX century. The article describes a document about a little known event of the period in question: the trip made by the Chinese Minister of Colonies Prince Su to the territory of South-Eastern Mongolia (North-Eastern China). The author also analyzed the related conclusions made by the Actual State Councilor D. D. Pokotilov, the Extraordinary Envoy and Plenipotentiary Minister in Beijing. The paper also contains a revision of Chinese colonial policy in the Mongolian lands, made by Prince Su in his report to the Chinese authorities. The beginning of the XX century became the climax of the Chinese colonization on the territory in question. This period is also associated with the expansion of Russian influence on the territory of the Sino-Eastern railway right of way. Nevertheless, a complete picture of Chinese colonization requires further studies of archival sources.

The present research features project thinking in relation to the realities of the modern dynamic and non-predetermined world. The author specifies the need for a fundamentally new understanding of the essence of the processes that make up the substantial foundation of project thinking as the competence of a modern manager in the logic of project management. The paper describes various aspects of the application of project thinking in various, primarily humanitarian, areas of scientific knowledge. It introduces an attempt to specify the definition of project thinking with due account of the modern requirements for a company manager. The author describes the problems of studying project thinking in modern psychological science and points to the methodological inconsistency of the linear, eclectic conception of project thinking that does not take into account the system-synergetic features of this phenomenon. For instance, the inability of the old linear-eclectic model of project thinking to explain that a subject of project activity cannot create and effectively implement a project in an application area even if the subject of project activity has a high efficiency of separated components of project thinking. The paper gives an outline of the methodological abilities of the system approach and synergetic approach in relation to the study of project thinking, as well as delimited synergic and synergistic comprehension of complicated processes, including psychological processes in relation to project thinking. Finally, the author identifies the problems associated with the consideration of project thinking through the prism of the system and synergistic approaches and proposes some instrumental ways to overcome these difficulties.

The paper presents an analysis of opportunities of a team approach in support of primary school pupils with learning difficulties and maladjustment. It describes the possibilities of neuropsychological approach in conjunction with the team method of work. The authors introduced stages of the diagnostic and remedial process, taking into account the specific features of public primary school. The research objective was to analyze opportunities of team method in a primary school, based on the neuropsychological approach. The diagnostic and remedial process has four stages. For the diagnosis, the authors used age-adapted individual and group neuropsychological assessment of children using Luria's battery, with quantitative evaluation of data, as well as a modified method of "proof-reading test" and Gestalt test by Bender. The authors proposed a multi-stage diagnostic method, adapted to conditions of the public primary school. The results of diagnosis revealed the structure of cognitive disturbances in children. The paper focuses on the application possibilities of the team method, based on the neuropsychological approach in primary school, as well as on the opportunities for schools to support children "at risk".

The research featured the phenomenon of the so-called reading phobia, which is characterized by an irrational obsessive fear of reading that interferes with the normal psycho-emotional development of the child, thus affecting their entire life. The paper introduces a new method of pedagogical correction of reading phobia in children of primary school age. The experiment involved six first-graders (four boys and two girls). They received correctional 40-minute classes twice a week for 3–6 months, depending on the complexity of each particular case of reading phobia. The authors developed six consecutive teaching methods: teamwork of the teacher, the psychologist, and the parents in a friendly atmosphere; face-toface work with the child; use of specially selected texts and methods of involving the child in the reading process; individual approach to the duration of classes, etc. The paper focuses on the neurophysiological characteristics and etiology of reading phobia. Reading phobia is described as a fear of reading instilled by adults, which often affects primary schoolers. The article also contains a list of negative effects of mental development and socialization that children with reading phobia are bound to face if they receive no special therapy. The developed method can be used by primary school teachers and psychologists.

The paper features the interaction of archaeological science and textbooks on archeology. It successively examines the history of textbooks on archeology in Russia published for higher education institutions of history, from the XIX century to the present. The author stresses the importance of textbooks in the formation and development of archeology as one of the main subjects of university historical education. Archeology and its textbooks play a key role in the reconstruction of important historical events of the three million years of human history, especially in cases when archaeological materials are the only source. Archeology discovered civilizations of the Ancient East, e.g. China, India, Iran, as well as Archaic Greece and ancient Rome. The paper states the significance of the archaeological heritage of Russia. Since 1970s, only two universities in Russia, Lomonosov Moscow State University and Kemerovo State University (Department of Archeology), have been publishing university textbooks on archeology to be used in universities nationwide. The list involves nine publications prepared by Kemerovo State University. These textbooks are unique from the point of view of the content and methodology of the presentation. The article focuses on the interaction of archaeological science and university textbooks. This concerns the explanation of global historical events, e.g. the early colonization of Eurasia, ethnogenesis in the Middle Paleolithic Era, human migration to America in the Upper Paleolithic, the formation of cultural in the early Holocene, revolution of the producing economy in the Paleometallic Era, etc. The author describes the effect of archeological textbooks on the formation of the conceptual foundations of modern archeology as a historical science. The section "One History – Two Sciences" features the shortcomings of modern Russian historical science, in particular, the lack of alternative to the concept of formational explanation of history in school and university textbooks. History is currently being demonstrated exclusively as a social-class development process, which makes it impossible to understand the role of the fundamental foundations of historical development, as well as the role of discoveries, innovations, achievements in the field of material culture and productive economy. As a result, the human achievements of the past, which are indicated in archeology textbooks, do not find proper application in explaining the historical processes in Russia and Eurasia in modern history textbooks.

To counteract the development of criminal activity, law enforcement agencies need to employ new technologies. However, the current models of such implementation provide neither competitive advantage nor forensic efficiency. This article describes the existing models of integrating advanced technologies into law enforcement practice, as well as ways of their optimization. The paper considers the best practices and related risks. The authors relied on standard cognition methods and modeling to develop four key models of integrating modern technologies into crime investigation activities, i.e., 1) legislative consolidation, 2) implementation after the effectiveness has been experimentally verified, 3) departmental regulation, 4) independent initiative implementation. Each model demonstrated a number of advantages and disadvantages. On the one hand, they proved legal, effective, rational, and based on actual threats and risks. On the other hand, the legislative consolidation process is long: as a result, participants in criminal proceedings risk their rights. Moreover, no objective effectiveness assessment can be provided while scientific recommendations do not correlate with actual practice. The authors proposed a comprehensive model that can adapt to a particular technology. The model presupposes coordinated actions of scientists, practitioners, investigative authorities, and legislators. The article also introduces an algorithm that increases the effectiveness of forensic activities.

A highly intellectual environment involves intense mental activity, rapid acquisition of new material, creativity, competition, and rivalry. All these aspects may cause a long-time neuropsychic stress. Students of leading technical universities need to be able to overcome such difficult situations. The authors reviewed theoretical approaches to emotional intelligence. They designed a psychological model of scientific and technical elite of modern Russia. The model included emotional-volitional, demand-motivational, value-meaning, socio-psychological, and cognitive-activity components. This paper focuses on the empirical study and confirmation of the emotionalvolitional component in potential engineering, scientific, and technical elite, i.e., junior students of Russia’s leading technical universities. The research revealed some psycho-logical peculiarities in their emotional intelligence and coping-strategies. The sample consisted of first-year engineering and technical students of the National Research Nuclear University MEPHI (n = 111). The psychodiagnostic tools included the coping test developed by R. Lazarus and S. Folkman and adapted by T. L. Kryukova, E. V. Kuftyak, and M. S. Zamyshlyaeva; D. V. Lyusin’s test of emotional intelligence. The data analysis relied on IBM SPSS Statistics V.22.0 and the Kruskal-Wallis H-test method of mathematical statistics. The students proved able to consciously analyze difficult situations, work out solutions, plan and predict the outcomes of their behavior, as well as to resort to past experience and available resources. In general, these overcoming models had a constructive effect on the development of an engineer’s personality. However, the underdevelopment of the emotional sphere and poor expression of feelings affected interpersonal and intragroup relationships. Students of nuclear engineering should develop their emotional sphere and expand the range of coping strategies in stressful situations.

The paper describes the processes of consolidation and reconsolidation of auditory-verbal memory in patients diagnosed with Parkinson’s disease (G20, ICD-10) in comparison with cerebrovascular pathologies of a chronic and acute nature. The research objective was to identify the specifics of consolidation and reconsolidation of auditory-verbal memory in patients of this nosological group. The methods involved an experiment in F. Bartlett’s schema reconstruction, as well as methods of descriptive and comparative statistics. The experiment involved 104 people (67.5 ± 4.5, 21% male), including 30 patients with Parkinson’s disease (G20) (67.8 ± 4.8, 24% male), 34 patients diagnosed with sequelae of cerebral infarction (I69.3) (67.4 ± 4.4, 20% male), and 40 patients with other specified lesions of cerebral vessels on a model of chronic cerebral ischemia (CICI) (I67.8 67.6 ± 4.4, 24% male). All codes were indicated in accordance with ICD-10. The research revealed reliably significant features of consolidation and reconsolidation of auditoryverbal memory in Parkinson’s disease. The greatest number of differences belonged to the comparative analysis with the patients with chronic cerebral ischemia. This nosology was characterized by a greater number of distortion errors but few additions and sequence violations. In Parkinson’s disease, information underwent transformations already at the storing stage, which led to impairment of short-term and long-term memory. Distortion errors were more numerous than consistency errors, which casts doubt on the kinetic factor as the key one.

The paper deals with the organization of linguistic education aimed at developing communicative and speech skills. The research concentrated on its textual component in foreign students as part of a writing course. The study was part of the project on linguistic and didactic potential of online correspondence, which highlighted a problem area in the speech behavior of foreign students who were in correspondence with Russian native speakers. The issue had to deal with the text organization of letters. The research team addressed the speech and thinking activity of the foreign students and, subsequently, turned to the cognitive tools for arranging the written and speech material, i.e., the frame. The frame analysis revealed a linguodidactic genre frame model with the stages of framing and reframing. During the framing stage, the students mastered the actual communicative-speech material to form the content of the subject-situational frame as an integral part of the genre frame. Further development was expansion-oriented. The framing made it possible to acquire textual norms, which led to the text frame, i.e., the second component of the genre frame. The reframing stage was aimed at developing the textual competence based on context complication and stylistic transformations of the original meanings. The article introduces various types of lexical, syntactical, and textual transformations, as well as stylistic transformations that allow non-native speakers to express the same meaning with stylistically diverse linguistic means.

The response pragmatics in political Internet discourse is one of the most interesting and understudied aspects of modern virtual communication. This research featured a model of non-professional Internet discourse in the genre of political Internet commentary and its pragmatics. The resulting models correlated with the general model, which was based on the communicative intentions of the authors of political Internet comments. The empirical material involved feedback lines from readers of the RIA Novosti news agency. Determining the textual entity by its sender’s macrointension, the authors established the genre of Internet commentary as reactive. The pragmatic options for response patterns were based on the addressee’s communicative role and the reactive macrointension implemented in non-professional Internet discourse. The paper describes two reactive models of non-professional discourse: 1) reaction to a political event; 2) reaction to a pragmatic context. The method of linguistic and pragmatic discourse analysis revealed that the reactive models contained the following types of reaction: positive, negative, and twofold. However, the Internet comments also included an interpretative component. The reactive intention of the subjects of non-professional Internet discourse was combined with their intention to introduce a fragment of personal experience.

The article discusses the issues of saving articulatory efforts and related cognitive costs. The research relied on Western studies that link some phonetic changes to the desire of communicants to reduce articulatory efforts in the process of voicing speech segments. This desire is connected with the need to optimize the language system. Communicants try to simplify complex articulations and get rid of sounds that require significant muscular efforts of speech organs, thus changing the language system. The paper introduces examples of how some linguistic units are used in everyday speech and how these units are simplified due to the high frequency of their use. The author comes to the conclusion that frequency generates careless articulation while maintaining effective communication. The reasons for simplified articulation should be sought primarily at the deep level of the generation of primary semantic recording, i.e., in cognition, and not in the muscular work of the speech apparatus. If language is a tool that shapes a product of mental activity, the answers to the questions of language transformations should be sought directly in the cognitive sphere.

Foreign students have to adapt to new linguacultural academic environment. The adaptation process affects their neurodynamic, cognitive, and personal indicators. The research involved such psychophysiological parameters as nervous system lability, visual-motor reactions, memory scope, and attention span. The paper introduces the personality profile of an average foreign student, as well as substantiates the importance of neurodynamic, cognitive, and personal indicators during adaptation. In this research, foreign students demonstrated situational rather than personal anxiety, compared with their Russian peers. They developed fatigue associated with poor functional state of the central nervous system. The adaptation peculiarities depended on the nationality: this fact has to be taken into account to optimize adaptation to the new academic environment. The neurodynamic and cognitive features correlated with Russian proficiency. Those that did not speak Russian had poor visual-motor reaction, nervous system lability, memory scope, and attention span, which correlated with maladaptation to the new linguacultural academic environment.

The domestic system of public control is quite diverse. The paper examines this diversity as a basic principle of public control in the Russian Federation, as well as the main problems related to its implementation. The author developed several prospective solutions. A. The public control institution can be incorporated into the Constitution. B. The range of public control forms can be increased. C. Positive foreign experience can be adapted to Russian realities or even incorporated into Russian legislation. D. Russia needs a special system to analyze the economic efficiency and effectiveness of individual forms of public control. E. The number of structures authorized to organize and exercise public control may be expanded. F. Any entities that hinder the implementation of public control must be subjected to stricter legal liability.