529 results on '"HIV infections"'
Search Results
2. LIPODISTROFIA ASSOCIADA A PACIENTES COM HIV.
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Pantoja de Sá, Rayane, Soares dos Santos, Samira Emilly, and de Oliveira Rezende, Gabriel
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LITERATURE reviews ,HIV infections ,PATIENT compliance ,LIPODYSTROPHY ,HIV-positive persons ,FAT - Abstract
Copyright of Revista Foco (Interdisciplinary Studies Journal) is the property of Revista Foco and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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- 2023
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3. EVIDÊNCIAS CIENTÍFICAS SOBRE TECNOLOGIAS PARA IDOSOS NEGROS SOBRE A PREVENÇÃO COMBINADA.
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Lima Batista, Maria Amanda, dos Anjos Silva Araújo, Kadja Elvira, de Lira Nobrega West, Milka Gabrielle, de Araújo, Ednaldo Cavalcante, and Ramalho Vasconcelos Morais, Sheila Coelho
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HUMAN sexuality ,SAFE sex ,MEDICAL subject headings ,HIV prevention ,HIV infections - Abstract
Copyright of Revista Foco (Interdisciplinary Studies Journal) is the property of Revista Foco and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
4. Análise do perfil de mães e crianças expostas intraútero ao HIV nascidas em uma maternidade de hospital público terciário do sul do Brasil
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Nathalia Ventura Stefli, Luis Fernando Matoso Mendes, Andrea Maciel de Oliveira Rossoni, Tony Tannous Tahan, Betina Mendez Alcantara Gabardo, and Tatiane Emi Hirose
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infectious disease transmission vertical ,hiv infections ,primary prevention ,Pediatrics ,RJ1-570 - Abstract
OBJECTIVES: evaluate the profile of children exposed intrauterine to HIV born in a tertiary hospital in southern Brazil, describe the prevalence of children classified as high risk and the rate of vertical transmission in this population. METODOLOGY: cross-sectional analytical-observational study. All HIV-exposed children born in 2019 and 2020 at the Clinical Hospital of the Federal University of Paraná were included. Data were collected from the hospitals operating systems, physical records and SISCEL. Study approved by the hospital ethics committee. RESULTS: 142 patients were included. Among the mothers, 26.06% had a detectable viral load in the last trimester, of which 54.05% were above 1000 copies; 37.32% were diagnosed during pregnancy; 40% of women who were diagnosed during pregnancy had a detectable viral load in the 3rd trimester (p=0.01). Of those who had a detectable viral load in the third trimester, 88.89% used ART irregularly or did not use (p < 0.01); 44.37% of newborns were classified as high risk by the current protocol in the period, while with the current new protocol would be 63.38%. The vertical transmission rate was 1.41%. There was 42.26% of loss of follow-up. CONCLUSION: the prevalence of vertical transmission was low, comparable to developed countries. Quality prenatal care, early diagnosis and adherence to ART are factors that modify the rates of vertical transmission of HIV due to the reduction of maternal viral load in the third trimester.
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- 2024
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5. Health care for people with tuberculosis/HIV co-infection from the multidisciplinary team’s perspective
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Eduarda Aguiar da Silva, Paula Hino, Hugo Fernandes, Maria Rita Bertolozi, Aline Aparecida Monroe, and Lucimara Fabiana Fornari
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Tuberculosis ,HIV Infections ,Coinfection ,Public Health ,Patient Care Team. ,Nursing ,RT1-120 - Abstract
ABSTRACT Objective: to know the multidisciplinary team’s perspective about the health care of people with tuberculosis and human immunodeficiency virus co-infection in relation to treatment. Methods: this is a descriptive-exploratory study, with a qualitative approach, carried out in a health care service in São Paulo, from May to June 2019. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with nine professionals from the multidisciplinary team. Data were processed through discourse analysis with the support of webQDA. Results: Two empirical categories emerged: Health care interfaces for people with tuberculosis and human immunodeficiency virus co-infection; Barriers and facilitators for health care for people with co-infection. Final considerations: the health-disease process in co-infection is mediated by conditions that positively or negatively interfere with treatment compliance. People’s health care goes beyond exclusively clinical assistance and requires the recognition of needs in a broad perspective.
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- 2023
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6. Efeitos Hipotensivos e Mecanismos Fisiológicos Após uma Sessão de Treinamento Concorrente e uma de Atividade Lúdica em Pessoas Vivendo com HIV.
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Camargo Alves, Júlio César, Borba-Pinheiro, Cláudio Joaquim, Di Masi, Fabrizio, Costa e. Cunha Moraes Brandão, Camila Fernanda, Aquino dos Santos, Cristiane Kelly, and Martin Dantas, Estélio Henrique
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CARDIOVASCULAR disease prevention , *HIV-positive persons , *RESISTANCE training , *HIV infections , *STATISTICS , *HYPERTENSION , *BAROREFLEXES , *SYSTOLIC blood pressure , *EFFECT sizes (Statistics) , *CROSS-sectional method , *EXERCISE physiology , *ANTIRETROVIRAL agents , *MANN Whitney U Test , *VASCULAR resistance , *PERIPHERAL circulation , *COMPARATIVE studies , *PRE-tests & post-tests , *DIASTOLIC blood pressure , *PLAY , *DESCRIPTIVE statistics , *HEART rate monitoring , *BLOOD pressure measurement , *HYPOTENSION , *FRIEDMAN test (Statistics) , *DATA analysis , *CROSSOVER trials - Abstract
The objective of the present study was to compare BP after a concurrent training session (CT) and playful activities (LA) in people living with HIV (PLHIV) and to analyse the contribution of peripheral resistance and baroreflex in BP. Fifteen people living with HIV participated in the study, 9 women and 6 men aged 50.54 ± 10.81 years, time of ART use of 9.17 ± 4.97 years. All volunteers participated in one session of HT, one session of AL, and one session of control (CC). BP and heart rate (HR) were measured before and after the interventions for analyses of systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), total peripheral resistance (TPR) and low frequency (LF). The Shapiro-Wilk, Friedman, and Wilcoxon tests were performed; the significance level was p<0.05. Spearman's correlation coefficient test and Gohen's test (d) were also used to calculate the effect size. There was a statistically significant decrease in SBP and DBP after TC (SBP: before = 123 ± 14 mmHg; after = 114 ± 8 mmHg; DBP: before = 82 ± 11 mmHg; after = 74 ± 6 mmHg) and AL (SBP: before = 122 ± 15 mmHg; after = 115 ± 10 mmHg; DBP: before = 81 ± 11 mmHg; after = 76 ± 10 mmHg). There was a statistically significant increase in PTR in CC (PTR: before = 14.67 ± 3.06 mmHg·min-1·L; after = 15.57 ± 2.84 mmHg·min-1·L) and a statistically significant decrease in PTR and LF after TC (PTR: before = 15.85 ± 4.48 mmHg·min-1·L; after = 13.48 ± 4.55 mmHg·min-1·L; LF: before = 400.86 ± 376.68 ms²; after = 212.05 ± 252.19 ms²). We can conclude that both HT and AL cause hypotension in PLHIV. Both interventions can be applied to this population in order to improve cardiovascular health. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2023
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7. Carga viral, linfócitos T CD4 + e nível de estresse em pessoas vivendo com HIV.
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Fontes de Macedo, Paulo Henrique, Menezes, Ryan Fernando, Aquino dos Santos, Cristiane Kelly, da Silva Ramos, Ewerthon Klysman, Pereira Ribeiro, Luiz Cláudio, and Martin Dantas, Estélio Henrique
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HIV infections , *SCIENTIFIC observation , *UNEMPLOYMENT , *VIRAL load , *CHRONIC diseases , *CROSS-sectional method , *HIV seroconversion , *INFECTION , *SOCIOECONOMIC status , *CD4 lymphocyte count , *PUBLIC hospitals , *DESCRIPTIVE statistics , *QUESTIONNAIRES , *SOCIAL classes , *PSYCHOLOGY of the sick , *SOCIODEMOGRAPHIC factors , *PSYCHOLOGICAL stress , *PSYCHOLOGY of HIV-positive persons - Abstract
Given the chronicity of HIV infection, psychosocial factors emerge as potentiators for the elevation of stress levels in PLHIV, as well as for the immunological imbalance and elevation of the viral load. The present research objective was to evaluate the stress level, TCD4+ lymphocyte count and viral load of people living with HIV undergoing ART, treated at a public university hospital. This was an observational, cross-sectional research with 25 patients (40.76 years ± 9.88 years) living with HIV treated at the outpatient clinic of a public hospital in Rio de Janeiro. A sociodemographic questionnaire was used to characterise the sample. Stress was evaluated through the LIPP Stress Symptom Inventory and observed in recent laboratory tests. Stress was identified in 68% of the participants, with a predominance of physical symptoms and a resistance phase. There was a higher prevalence of stress in people with low socioeconomic status, unemployment and recent diagnosis. Lower levels of CD4+ T lymphocytes or higher viral load were not observed in people with stress. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2023
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8. VOZES NÃO MAIS VELADAS: A IMPORTÂNCIA DO DIÁLOGO E DA ESCUTA ATIVA DOS ACADÊMICOS DE MEDICINA NA EDUCAÇÃO EM SAÚDE SOBRE A SEXUALIDADE E PREVENÇÃO DA AIDS NA POPULAÇÃO IDOSA.
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de Moutta, Jéssica
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HIV infections , *MEDICAL students , *AGE distribution , *ACTIVE listening , *MEDICAL personnel , *HIV prevention - Abstract
The theme of sexuality in old age is full of prejudice, stigmatization and discrimination, coming from the most diverse social sectors. The desexualization of the geriatric population that permeates social ideology greatly contributes to misinformation about safe sexual practices in this age group. From this perspective, the 2019 DATASUS data reflect this scenario by mentioning that around 1059 deaths of individuals belonging to the elderly population were recorded, among the 7773 deaths caused by complications arising from HIV infection. Therefore, in view of these data, it is increasingly necessary to carry out actions aimed at health promotion and education for the elderly. With this objective, based on the experiences of medical students with the elderly in the group “Idosos da Alegria de Viver”, through the application of the Sexuality in the Third Age questionnaire and the distribution of booklets that addressed the main points about the virus HIV and AIDS it was possible to implement these educational actions for this public data. In this way, through dialogue and active listening of the research participants, the students were able to extract that about half of the interviewees expressed not knowing how to proceed with a possible HIV infection and not knowing about pre-exposure prophylaxis to HIV, thus demonstrating the gaps present in the health area. Finally, it is believed that the participation of academics in the research project provided the opportunity to experience the implementation of educational health actions for the target audience by contributing to the improvement of the doctor-patient relationship and more humanized active listening as well as dialogue intergenerational relationship between doctors under construction and their future patients. In this way, it is expected that the now-veiled voices of elderly people will be increasingly heard by everyone, including health professionals, whether during training or after training, because every human being deserves the right to listen. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2023
9. Early diagnosis of HIV/aids infection: concept analysis
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Fernando Hiago da Silva Duarte, Silmara de Oliveira Silva, Bertha Cruz Enders, Ana Luisa Brandão de Carvalho Lira, Rodrigo Assis Neves Dantas, and Daniele Vieira Dantas
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Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome ,HIV Infections ,Early Diagnosis ,AIDS Serodiagnosis ,Hospital Units. ,Nursing ,RT1-120 - Abstract
ABSTRACT Objectives: to analyze the concept of “early diagnosis of HIV/Aids infection” in light of Walker and Avant’s conceptual analysis model. Methods: concept analysis study based on the framework proposed by Walker and Avant, instrumented by a scoping review conducted in April 2022, following the recommendations of the Joanna Briggs Institute and checklist Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews. The search was made in eight data sources, obtaining sixteen articles. Results: the study found homosexual intercourses, early examination, anti-HIV antibodies, CD4 count, and sexually transmitted infection as the main attributes of the concept. As antecedents: information, risky behavior, unprotected sexual relations, prevention, and access to the service. As main consequences: antiretroviral treatment, seroconversion, transmission, and consultations. Final Considerations: the study approached the circumstantial situations of the theme, its attributes, antecedents, and consequences, qualifying the work process based on knowledge of nursing practice.
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- 2023
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10. Pregnancy incidence, outcomes and associated factors in a cohort of women living with HIV/AIDS in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, 1996-2016
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Rosa Maria Soares Madeira Domingues, Marcel de Souza Borges Quintana, Lara Esteves Coelho, Ruth Khalili Friedman, Angela Cristina Vasconcelos de Andrade Rabello, Vania Rocha, and Beatriz Grinsztejn
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Pregnancy ,HIV Infections ,Cohort Studies ,Medicine ,Public aspects of medicine ,RA1-1270 - Abstract
Abstract The aim of this research was to analyze pregnancy incidence and associated factors in a cohort of 753 women living with HIV/AIDS (WLWHA) in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, from 1996 to 2016. Women aged 18-49 years who were not on menopause (surgical or natural) and did not have a tubal ligation were eligible for the study. Data were collected by medical professionals during initial and follow-up visits. Person-time pregnancy incidence rates were calculated throughout the follow-up period. Pregnancy incidence-associated factors were investigated by univariate and multiple analyzes, using an extension of the Cox survival model. Follow-up visits recorded 194 pregnancies, with an incidence rate of 4.01/100 person-years (95% CI: 3.47; 4.60). A higher pregnancy incidence was associated with CD4 nadir ≥ 350 cells/mm³, use of an antiretroviral regimen not containing Efavirenz, and prior teenage pregnancy. In turn, women with a viral load ≥ 50 copies/mL, age ≥ 35 years old, with two or more children and using a highly effective contraceptive method showed a lower incidence. Results showed a significant reduction in pregnancy incidence after 2006, a significant reduction in female sterilization from 1996 to 2016, and a high rate of cesarean sections. The association found between pregnancy incidence and the use of contraceptive methods and virological control markers suggests a good integration between HIV/AIDS and reproductive health services. The high rate of cesarean section delivery indicates the need to improve childbirth care.
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- 2023
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11. Knowledge on post-exposure prophylaxis, sexual behavior, and vulnerabilities to HIV and other STIs among young adults in Brazil
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Vinicius Nascimento dos Santos, Eveline Xavier Pereira de Souza, Maiara Santos Timbó, and Ana Gabriela Alvares Travassos
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Post-exposure prophylaxis ,Sexual behavior ,Knowledge ,HIV infections ,Young adults ,Medicine - Abstract
Introduction: Post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) is the use of antiretroviral drugs (ARVs) to reduce the risk of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection after potential risk exposure. ARV-based interventions are recommended as part of combination HIV prevention, especially for key populations. Objective: The aim of this study was to measure knowledge about PEP among university students. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on university students from the Health, Education, Exact, and Human Sciences Departments of the State University of Bahia, Brazil. Sociodemographic data, information on sexual behavior, and knowledge of PEP were collected through a standardized self-applied questionnaire. Results: We analyzed 1580 questionnaires, of which 66.7% (1024/1536) were from females, with a mean age of 23.9 (±6.5) years, and 35.4% (448/1264) reported irregular use of condoms and regular use was not associated with being students from the health area (p=0.44, OR 0.90, 95%CI 0.69–1.17). Regarding PEP, 28.5% (449/1578) had known about it and their knowledge was statistically associated with men who have sex with men (MSM) (p
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- 2023
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12. Mulheres transexuais com infecção sexualmente transmissível: Enfermagem e educação em saúde em questão.
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Pinto Janini, Janaina, de Melo Souza, Viviane, Faggioni Bastos, Alice, de Oliveira Gomes Teixeira, Isabelle Lorena, do Nascimento Cruz, Pedro Augusto, de Vasconcelos, Yasmin da Silva, and Costa de Carvalho, Gisele
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HIV infections ,RISK-taking behavior ,HEALTH education ,NURSING ,HEALTH services accessibility ,TRANS women ,ACQUISITION of data ,SEXUALLY transmitted diseases ,MEDICAL records ,CONTINUING education of nurses ,THEMATIC analysis ,AIDS - Abstract
Copyright of Saúde Coletiva is the property of MPM Comunicacao and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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- 2023
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13. Custos de implementação do cabotegravir injetável de longa duração como profilaxia ao HIV no Brasil.
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Paranhos, Julia, Castilho, Marta, Espellet Klein, Helena, Miranda, Caroline, Steiner Perin, Fernanda, Passoni, Patieene, Veloso, Valdiléa G., and Grinsztejn, Beatriz
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HIV infections , *HIV prevention , *PRE-exposure prophylaxis , *VALUE chains , *COST estimates , *PREVENTIVE medicine , *DATA analysis , *PRICES , *SUPPLY & demand - Abstract
The article describes the estimation of the potential costs, from the perspective of the Ministry of Health (MoH), of incorporating the long-acting injectable cabotegravir (CAB LA) within the Brazilian Unified Health System, as an alternative for the prevention of HIV infection and part of the national combination prevention strategy. The analytical tools of value chains were used to elaborate the CAB LA value chain by identifying its links and activities. Three demand scenarios were defined based on target population data, varying geographic scope, and potential costs were calculated. CAB LA's value chain is divided into three major links: production, incorporation, and pharmaceutical assistance. Only the latter is considered for the calculation of costs under the budgetary responsibility of the MoH. Potential costs are estimated at R$15 million, R$19 million and R$21.8 million, in low, medium, and high demand scenarios, respectively. The study presents the potential costs for the MoH, including the need for tests and procedures, to guide public managers and the incorporation process. The lack of price for CAB LA is an important limitation of the results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2023
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14. FATORES ASSOCIADOS À EXPOSIÇÃO AO HIV EM USUÁRIOS DE ÁLCOOL.
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Fernandes, Suelen S., Benzano, Daniela, Paz, Aline F., Ornell, Felipe, Kessler, Felix H. P., Schuch, Jaqueline B., and von Diemen, Lisia
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UNSAFE sex , *HIV infections , *HIV infection transmission , *ALCOHOLISM , *RISK-taking behavior , *HUMAN sexuality , *MEN'S sexual behavior - Abstract
Introduction: The HIV prevalence is higher in Porto Alegre compared to other capitals in Brazil. Alcohol abuse affects critical judgment, being associated with risky behaviors that can lead to HIV infection. Aim: To analyze factors associated with exposure to HIV in alcohol users, comparing those with risky sexual practices and those who use prevention methods. Methods: Cross-sectional study with 126 male alcohol users (HIV negative), divided into 2 groups: Sexually Exposed (n = 42) and Less Sexually Exposed (n = 84), considering condom use and number of sexual partners. Results: Most subjects in the Sexually Exposed group were single, without a job, with a history of homelessness and a relationship with a sexual worker, and were more concerned about HIV infection (p < 0.05). Conclusion: The development and monitoring of specific preventive interventions is suggested, considering the characteristics of alcohol abuse and its role in HIV transmission. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2023
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15. Avaliação de tuberculose latente em adolescentes e adultos jovens vivendo com o vírus da imunodeficiência humana em um serviço de referência no Brasil
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Fernanda Maia Brustoloni, Fabiana Bononi do Carmo, Aida de Fátima Thomé Barbosa Gouvêa, Regina Célia de Menezes Succi, and Daisy Maria Machado
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hiv infections ,tuberculosis ,latent tuberculosis ,adolescent ,Pediatrics ,RJ1-570 - Abstract
To avoid the occurrence of tuberculosis reactivation in people living with HIV (PLHIV) who have latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI), the therapeutical indications to this population were expanded in Brazil in 2018, with the recommendation of treatment for those with CD4 T lymphocyte count less than or equal to 350 cells/mm3, regardless of the result of the tuberculin test (TT). To evaluate the practical application of this recommendation, we decided to determine the prevalence of LTBI in PLHIV followed in our outpatient clinic. Ninety-nine adolescents and young adults living with HIV accompanied in a Reference Service were evaluated for the occurrence of LTBI with TT and TCD4 cell count application. The prevalence of LTBI was estimated at 7.1% considering the result of TT, and 18% when considering patients with CD4 lymphocyte count less than or equal to 350 cells/mm3. This difference reinforces the idea that the detection of patients with TCD4 lymphocytes less than or equal to 350 cells/mm3 effectively expands the indication for treatment of LTBI. However, only 4 (22.2%) of 18 patients with TCD4 less than or equal to 350 cells/mm3 adhered to the therapeutic proposal. The rebellious aspect inherent to this population, the failure to attend consultations and the refusal to use another drug were some of the reasons for the low adherence to treatment.
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- 2023
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16. Clinical-epidemiological analysis of HIV positive patients hospitalized in a Burn Therapy Unit
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Murilo Sgarbi Secanho, Balduino Ferreira de Menezes, Ana Beatriz Pedroso Maciel de Oliveira, Merimar Maria Chequim, Laisa Brandão Carvalho, Weber Ribolli Moragas, Cristiane Rocha, and Aristides Augusto Palhares
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burns ,hiv infections ,public health ,epidemiology ,prevalence ,burn units ,Surgery ,RD1-811 - Abstract
Introduction: HIV infection and burns are common public health issues, especially in low- and middle-income countries. There is a paucity in the literature evaluating the epidemiology of burns hospitalization in HIV patients. This study aims to evaluate the clinical and epidemiological profile of HIV-positive patients hospitalized in a Burn Therapy Unit. Methods: A retrospective analysis of burn patients diagnosed with HIV was performed at the Therapy Unit of the State Hospital of Bauru between 2008 and 2018. Results: 2,364 medical records were reviewed, and 14 (0.6%) patients were diagnosed with HIV. The mean age was 43.1 years. Regarding gender, nine (64.3%) were male, and five (35.7%) were female. The most common mechanism was direct flame in 11 (78.7%) cases. The etiology was alcohol (42.9%) in six patients, in three explosions (21. 5%), and the others were gasoline, cigarettes and contact with exhaustion, all with one (7.1%) case. When the cause of these burns was evaluated, nine (64.3%) were due to accidents, either at work or home, two (14.3%) for attempted murder, one (7.1%) self-extermination, and two (14.3%) cases had no information. Regarding total burn surface area, five (37.5%) had burns of 0-10%, three (21.4%) 11-20% and five (35.7%) greater than 20%, and one was unknown. Four (28.6%) showed airway lesions. Two (14.3%) patients died. Conclusion: The prevalence of burned HIV-positive patients admitted to a specialized unit for this treatment is like the national one, with similar characteristics concerning age and gender.
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- 2022
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17. Enfrentamento de HIV/aids e sífilis em mulheres venezuelanas migrantes na perspectiva de gestores de saúde no Norte do Brasil.
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Kill Alvim, Fernanda Luiza, de Jezus, Sonia Vivian, Ilha da Silva, Adriana, Leão, Ana Carolina, Zambonin, Fernanda, Noia Maciel, Ethel Leonor, and Arcêncio, Ricardo Alexandre
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AIDS diagnosis , *DIAGNOSIS of HIV infections , *SYPHILIS treatment , *AIDS treatment , *DIAGNOSIS of syphilis , *WOMEN , *IMMIGRANTS , *HEALTH services accessibility , *DOCUMENTATION , *QUALITATIVE research , *INTERVIEWING , *CONTENT analysis , *MEDICAL care , *HIV infections , *SOUND recordings , *THEMATIC analysis , *ATTITUDES of medical personnel , *RESEARCH methodology , *RESEARCH , *SOCIAL support , *HEALTH care rationing , *COMMUNICATION barriers - Abstract
Objective. To identify the perception of health managers regarding the actions taken and the challenges encountered in addressing HIV and syphilis in Venezuelan migrant women in Brazil. Method. This descriptive-exploratory study using a qualitative approach was conducted from January to March 2021 in the municipalities of Boa Vista (state of Roraima) and Manaus (state of Amazonas). Audio interviews with the participants were transcribed in full and examined using thematic content analysis. Results. Ten managers were interviewed (five in Boa Vista and five in Manaus). Content analysis identified the following domains and themes: available infrastructure for diagnosis and treatment of AIDS and syphilis -- access, availability of medical appointments /waiting list, training of health teams, and psychosocial support; challenges faced by Venezuelan women -- language, documentation issues, and frequent address changes; and strategies and actions adopted and expectations for addressing HIV/AIDS and syphilis in the context of migration. Conclusions. Despite the care provided to Venezuelan women in Brazil -- guaranteed by the universal nature of the Brazilian health system -- language and lack of documentation remain as barriers. Given the absence of action plans and future planning for the care of migrant women with HIV or syphilis in municipalities, it is important to develop public policies aimed at minimizing the difficulties faced by this population. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2023
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18. Barreiras e facilitadores do enfrentamento de HIV/aids e sífilis por venezuelanas residentes no Brasil.
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Salvador Mocelin, Helaine Jacinta, de Jezus, Sonia Vivian, dos Santos Almeida Negri, Leticya, Pinheiro Borges, Bárbara Juliana, Ilha da Silva1, Adriana, and Noia Maciel, Ethel Leonor
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HEALTH services accessibility , *LANGUAGE & languages , *SEXUALLY transmitted diseases , *QUALITATIVE research , *DRUG side effects , *INTERVIEWING , *CONTENT analysis , *HIV infections , *SYPHILIS , *EXPERIENCE , *THEMATIC analysis , *MIGRANT labor , *RESEARCH methodology , *RESEARCH , *HEALTH equity , *WOMEN'S health , *PSYCHOSOCIAL factors , *AIDS , *MEDICAL care costs , *COVID-19 pandemic - Abstract
Objective. To describe the perception of Venezuelan women regarding access to health care, diagnosis, and treatment of HIV/aids and syphilis in Brazil. Method. This is a descriptive, exploratory study employing a qualitative approach, performed from February to May 2021 in the municipalities of Manaus, state of Amazonas, and Boa Vista, state of Roraima. The interviews with participants were fully transcribed, with identification of themes based on content analysis. Results. Forty women were interviewed (20 in Manaus and 20 in Boa Vista). Following transcription and translation of the accounts, two analytical categories were identified: barriers to healthcare access, with four subcategories -- language, cost, adverse drug reactions, and COVID-19 pandemic; and facilitators of healthcare access, again with four subcategories -- Unified Health System (SUS), National Policy of Comprehensive Women's Health, National Social Assistance Policy, and relationship between healthcare professionals and SUS users. Conclusion. The results showed the need to design strategies to mitigate the difficulties faced by migrant women from Venezuela living in Brazil regarding the diagnosis and treatment of HIV/aids and syphilis, going beyond the healthcare support guaranteed by law. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2023
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19. Panorama epidemiológico da coinfecção tuberculose-HIV entre adolescentes e adultos jovens na região sul do Brasil.
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Garollo Piran, Camila Moraes, Bezerra Nacamura, Paula Antunes, da Fonseca, Beatriz Sousa, de Souza, Vinícius Brito, Oliveira Souto, Nayara Sâmela, Furtado, Marcela Demitto, and Magnabosco, Gabriela Tavares
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HIV infection epidemiology ,TUBERCULOSIS epidemiology ,HIV infections ,RACE ,POPULATION geography ,SEX distribution ,MIXED infections ,TUBERCULOSIS ,DISEASE prevalence ,SOCIODEMOGRAPHIC factors ,EPIDEMIOLOGICAL research ,EDUCATIONAL attainment - Abstract
Copyright of Saúde Coletiva is the property of MPM Comunicacao and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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- 2022
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20. Papéis ocupacionais de pessoas soropositivas e percepção sobre os preconceitos sofridos.
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Oliveira Rocha, Larissa and Ruzzi-Pereira, Andrea
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OCCUPATIONAL roles ,HIV infections ,RESEARCH ,SOCIAL support ,SELF-perception ,RESEARCH methodology ,CROSS-sectional method ,CHRISTIANITY ,HIV seroconversion ,PREJUDICES ,PATIENTS' attitudes ,OCCUPATIONAL therapy ,PSYCHOSOCIAL factors ,DESCRIPTIVE statistics ,THEMATIC analysis ,OCCUPATIONAL therapists ,PSYCHOLOGY of HIV-positive persons ,RELIGION - Abstract
Copyright of Revista Família, Ciclos de Vida e Saúde no Contexto Social (REFACS) is the property of Universidade Federal do Triangulo Mineiro, Instituto de Ciencias da Saude and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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- 2022
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21. Comment on: Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma with Axillary Cutaneous Invasion in a HIV Positive Patient
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Joana Barbosa and Margarida Moura Valejo Coelho
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HIV Infections ,Lymphoma ,Large B-Cell ,Diffuse ,Medicine ,Medicine (General) ,R5-920 - Abstract
N/a.
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- 2022
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22. Resistência Medicamentosa no Tratamento do HIV: Uma Revisão Sistemática.
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Vieira Ribeiro, Nayana Freitas, Gomes Feitosa, Pedro Walisson, Daves de Moraes Oliveira, Vitor Lucas, de Oliveira Bezerra, Marcos Vinicios, Constâncio de Oliveira, Isadélia, and Batista de Freitas Leite, Liz Marjorie
- Subjects
- *
DRUG therapy , *PRE-exposure prophylaxis , *DRUG resistance , *HIV infections , *TREATMENT duration - Abstract
The aim of the present study was to investigate the relationship between the development of drug resistance in patients with HIV infection and undergoing pharmacological treatments. Methodology: We performed a systematic review in the PubMed and Scopus electronic databases, following the items of the Guidelines for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses (PRISMA). We selected original articles that studied the development of drug resistance in the treatment of patients with acquired immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. Results: Initially, 818 works were identified in the searched databases (105 from PubMed, 713 from Scopus). After exclusion by title and abstract, 58 articles were selected for full-text analysis. In the end, 20 articles were selected as relevant to compose the qualitative synthesis of the present work. Conclusion: The development of drug resistance was due to classic pharmacological treatments, pre-exposure prophylaxis, new drug classes, mutations, treatment duration, increase in CD4+ cells and individual factors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2022
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23. Doenças infectocontagiosas em indivíduos privados de liberdade.
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Soares Epifania, Patrícia, Santos Passos Costa, Jessica, Costa Barros, Keila Cristina, Santos de Freitas, Kelly, Sampaio Maciel, Gilmar, and da Silva Santos Passos, Silvia
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COMMUNICABLE disease epidemiology ,RESEARCH ,HEPATITIS B ,HIV infections ,CORRECTIONAL institutions ,LIBERTY ,PRISONERS ,CROSS-sectional method ,SYPHILIS ,BLACK people ,AGE distribution ,MEDICAL care of prisoners ,ACQUISITION of data ,DISEASE prevalence ,MEDICAL records ,TUBERCULOSIS ,EDUCATIONAL attainment - Abstract
Copyright of Enfermagem Brasil is the property of Atlantica Editora and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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- 2022
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24. DESENVOLVIMENTO DE APLICATIVO MÓVEL PARA APOIO NO DIAGNÓSTICO DE HIV.
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Tavares Jorge, Vanessa Manhães, Vasconcellos de Souza, Isabelle, Lippi, Maria Clara, Cavalcanti, Andrea Cony, and Pereira Ribeiro, Luiz Claudio
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- *
HIV infections , *DIAGNOSIS of HIV infections , *MEDICAL personnel , *MOBILE apps , *CONTINUING education , *SCHOOL environment - Abstract
To describe the design process of a mobile application focused on supporting health professionals in the correct execution and interpretation of rapid tests for HIV diagnosis, given the relevance of these technologies as platforms of interest for professional improvement and the scarcity of similar solutions on the market. Experience report of technological production of a mobile application based on TELELAB. We performed a qualitative comparative analysis of training applications for HIV diagnosis in order to map their functionalities and scope. The programming adopted the Unity® framework and C# language. The developed application works as a complementary health care strategy, strengthening continuing education and providing greater security to professional practice and current guidelines related to the HIV diagnosis. Complementary initiatives to disseminate the application in educational and care environments are critical to enhancing public policy's impact on controlling HIV infection. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2022
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25. HIV, ATIVIDADE FÍSICA E MARCADORES METABÓLICOS.
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Louzada, Marina, Titon, Joana, Follador, Franciele, Henke de Azevedo, Lia Beatriz, Defante Ferreto, Lirane Elize, Paula Vieira, Ana, and Welter Wendt, Guilherme
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HIV infections ,OPPORTUNISTIC infections ,HDL cholesterol ,PHYSICAL activity ,QUALITY of life - Abstract
Copyright of Revista Brasileira de Ciência e Movimento: RBCM is the property of Revista Brasileira de Ciencia e Movimento and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2022
26. Factors associated with HIV/syphilis co-infection initiating of antiretroviral therapy
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Luana Andrade Simões, Jullye Campos Mendes, Micheline Rosa Silveira, André Moura Gomes da Costa, Mariana Dias Lula, and Maria das Graças Braga Ceccato
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HIV Infections ,Syphilis ,Coinfection, epidemiology ,Risk Factors ,Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active ,Cross-Sectional Studies ,Public aspects of medicine ,RA1-1270 - Abstract
ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE To evaluate the prevalence and factors associated with HIV/syphilis co-infection in people initiating antiretroviral therapy in Belo Horizonte, capital of the state of Minas Gerais. METHODS A sectional section of a prospective cohort study was carried out with people living with HIV, treatment-naive, initiating antiretroviral therapy, older than 16 years, and in follow-up treatment at specialized HIV/Aids care services in Belo Horizonte. Sociodemographic, behavioral, clinical, laboratory and pharmacological treatment-related data were obtained through interviews, medical records, and information systems for logistical control of antiretroviral medications and laboratory tests. The dependent variable was the first episode of active syphilis, recorded by the physician in clinical records, within 12 months after beginning of the antiretroviral therapy. Factors associated with HIV/syphilis co-infection were assessed using binary multiple logistic regression. RESULTS Among the 459 individuals included, a prevalence of 19.5% (n = 90) of sexually transmitted infections (STI) was observed, with syphilis (n = 49) being the most frequent STI in these individuals. The prevalence of HIV/syphilis co-infection was 10.6% (n = 49), and the associated independent factors were alcohol use (OR = 2.30; 95%CI: 1.01–5.26), and having a diagnosis of other sexually transmitted infections (OR = 3.33; 95%CI: 1.24–8.95). CONCLUSIONS There was a high prevalence of HIV/syphilis co-infection in people living with HIV initiating antiretroviral therapy in Belo Horizonte. HIV/syphilis co-infection was associated with behavioral and clinical factors, such as alcohol use and diagnosis of other sexually transmitted infections. Prior knowledge about the factors associated with this co-infection may support the decisions of health professionals engaged in the care to people living with HIV, with regard to timely diagnosis, guidance, follow-up and adequate treatment, both for syphilis and HIV.
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- 2022
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27. Use of post-exposure prophylaxis for HIV in young people: an integrative review
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Eduardo Rodrigues Mota, Odaleia de Oliveira Farias, Jéssica Karen de Oliveira Maia, Maisa Leitão de Queiroz, Nikaelly Pinheiro Mota, and Marli Teresinha Gimeniz Galvão
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health education ,hiv ,hiv infections ,post-exposure prophylaxis ,technology. ,Nursing ,RT1-120 - Abstract
Objective: to identify the use of post-exposure prophylaxis for HIV in young people in the context of sexual risk behavior. Methods: this is an integrative review, with search in LILACS, MEDLINE, CINAHL, SCOPUS, SciELO and COCHRANE, using the main descriptors: HIV, HIV Infections, Health Education, Technology and Post-Exposure Prophylaxis related through the Boolean operators AND and OR. Results: the final sample included 16 studies, mostly implemented with men who have sex with men. The articles were classified and analyzed from the categories: knowledge assessment; barriers/challenges to adherence to post-exposure prophylaxis; population using post-exposure prophylaxis; and educational technologies. Conclusion: non-adherence was related to the ignorance of basic information such as the indication of post-exposure prophylaxis, place of delivery, dosage, and side effects. Contributions to practice: synthesis of knowledge about the use of post-exposure prophylaxis by young people. In addition to increasing research on young people in the context of risky sexual behavior, especially in the nursing field, it subsidizes the development of health education strategies.
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- 2022
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28. Tuberculosis, vulnerabilities, and HIV in homeless persons: a systematic review
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Janaína Rosenburg Gioseffi, Ramaiene Batista, and Sandra Mara Brignol
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Homeless Persons ,Tuberculosis ,HIV Infections ,Coinfection, epidemiology ,Health Vulnerability ,Social Vulnerability ,Public aspects of medicine ,RA1-1270 - Abstract
ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE Analyze, systematize, and compile social, individual, and programmatic vulnerability factors associated with tuberculosis and HIV in homeless persons. METHODS This is a systematic literature review assessing quantitative studies, published between 2014 and 2020, on the prevalence of tuberculosis in homeless persons. Our review grouped studies according to vulnerabilities, followed the PRISMA recommendation guide, and used the Joanna Briggs Institute Critical Appraisal tool for bias analysis. RESULTS Of the 372 publications found, 16 were selected according to our eligibility criteria. In total, 10 studies assessed tuberculosis and HIV. The most commonly described factors for individual, social, and programmatic vulnerability were drug use, HIV coinfection, and tuberculosis treatment failure, respectively. The literature also claims that average homelessness length related to a higher frequency of tuberculosis and latent tuberculosis infection. CONCLUSION All reviewed studies described how homeless persons suffer with stigma and dehumanization, which are important barriers to their access to health services. Homelessness enhances the risks of chronic and infectious diseases and prioritizes issues which are more pragmatic for the maintenance of life, such as safety and food, to the detriment of health. The results can be used to support hypotheses for future research and to reinforce and direct existing public health and social policies to cope with tuberculosis and HIV in homeless persons.
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- 2022
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29. Por um Manifesto pela Vida: Histórias Posit(HIV)as de Gays, Mulheres Trans e Travestis
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Felipe Cazeiro and Felipe Cazeiro
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- HIV infections, Sexual minorities--Health and hygiene
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O livro Por um manifesto pela vida: histórias posit(HIV)as de gays, mulheres trans e travestis lança um novo olhar e provocações aos estigmas, metáforas e respostas direcionadas ao HIV, inaugurando uma tríplice abordagem no campo da aids: interseccionalidade, necropolítica e decolonização. A partir de uma pesquisa qualitativa construcionista social em diálogo com a hermenêutica biográfica, o autor busca compreender as produções de sentido sobre HIV/aids nas histórias de vida de jovens gays, mulheres trans e travestis. Por sua linguagem dinâmica e seu conteúdo marcante, desafiador e recheado de tabus, essa obra é uma excelente fonte para a vida e para a história social da doença. Ela é valiosa não apenas para distinguir, no ato de contar dos participantes, o que seria da ordem do coletivo e o que seria da ordem do individual, mas atua também expondo os meios de apreender e compreender os espaços-tempos singulares que cada pessoa configura a partir da conjugação de sua experiência soropositiva (e da historicidade de sua experiência), dos mundos de vida e dos mundos de pensar e agir comuns de que participa, e isso por meio de uma mirada social, histórica e politicamente localizada. Durante toda esta obra-manifesto, são delineadas algumas reivindicações e confrontos com os regimes de verdade (re)produzidos no HIV – não numa tentativa de estabelecer outros regimes, mas no intuito de adicionar forças e projetos de resistência para outras inteligibilidades e realidades, posto que a construção de melhores respostas à doença é uma tarefa infindável, urgente e necessária. Certamente ainda há muito que avançar!
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- 2020
30. Protocolo de rastreio multiprofissional de disfagia em pacientes com infecção HIV: elaboração e validação de conteúdo.
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Soutinho, Luise Alexandre Rocha, Machado, Daniel Aragão, and Marques, Charles Henrique Dias
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- 2022
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31. Coinfecção tuberculose/HIV na Amazônia Ocidental: perfil epidemiológico segundo sexo.
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Silveira Mariano, Amanda, Tavares Magnabosco, Gabriela, de Paula Andrade, Rubia Laine, and Halax Orfão, Nathalia
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HIV infections ,CROSS-sectional method ,LOCAL government ,FISHER exact test ,TUBERCULOSIS ,MIXED infections ,DESCRIPTIVE statistics ,CHI-squared test ,SOCIODEMOGRAPHIC factors ,SENSITIVITY & specificity (Statistics) ,COMORBIDITY - Abstract
Copyright of Revista Enfermagem Contemporânea is the property of Revista Enfermagem Contemporanea and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
32. The HIV epidemic in Jamaica: a need to strengthen the National HIV Program
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J. Peter Figueroa, Jacqueline P. Duncan, Althea Bailey, and Nicola Skyers
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hiv infections ,vulnerable populations ,sexual behavior ,jamaica ,Medicine ,Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine ,RC955-962 ,Public aspects of medicine ,RA1-1270 - Abstract
Objectives. To assess the status of the HIV epidemic and programmatic implementation in Jamaica while identifying strategies for achieving effective HIV control. Methods. The assessment included a review of the core indicators of the UNAIDS Global Monitoring Framework, a desk review of program reports, and unstructured interviews of stakeholders. Results. HIV prevalence among adults in Jamaica was 1.5% in 2018 with an estimated 32 617 persons living with HIV (PLHIV) and 27 324 persons (83.8%) diagnosed with HIV; 12 711 (39.0% of all PLHIV or 46.5% aware of their status) were on anti-retroviral therapy (ART) in the public health sector and 61.8% PLHIV on ART were virally suppressed. HIV prevalence among men who have sex with men remains high (31.4% in 2011, 29.6% in 2017) but has declined among female sex workers (12% in 1990, 2% in 2017). HIV prevalence among public sexually transmitted infection clinic attendees, prison inmates and the homeless has increased in recent years. During 2018 approximately 200 000 persons (14% of the population 15-49 years) were tested with 1 165 newly diagnosed PLHIV, indicating that many of the estimated 1 600 newly infected persons in 2018 were unaware of their status. Conclusions. Critical policy initiatives are needed to reduce barriers to HIV services, ensure young persons have access to condoms and contraceptives, affirm the rights of the marginalized, reduce stigma and discrimination, and introduce pre-exposure prophylaxis. While HIV spread in Jamaica has slowed, the UNAIDS Fast Track goals are lagging. The HIV program must be strengthened to effectively control the epidemic.
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- 2020
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33. Evolução da infecção pelo HIV entre os povos indígenas do Brasil Central.
- Author
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Graeff, Samara Vilas-Bôas, Pícoli, Renata Palópoli, Arantes, Rui, and da Cunha, Rivaldo Venâncio
- Abstract
Copyright of Cadernos de Saude Publica is the property of Escola Nacional de Saude Publica Sergio Arouca and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2021
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- View/download PDF
34. Inflammatory Biomarkers and Carotid Thickness in HIV Infected Patients under Antiretroviral Therapy, Undetectable HIV-1 Viral Load, and Low Cardiovascular Risk
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Kaliene Maria Estevão Leite, Gerson Gomes Santos Júnior, Emmanuelle T. A. M Godoi, Adriana Ferraz Vasconcelos, Virgínia Maria Barros Lorena, Paulo Sérgio Ramos Araújo, Kledoaldo Oliveira Lima, and Heloisa Ramos Lacerda
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HIV ,HIV Infections ,Cardiovascular Diseases ,Antiretroviral Therapy ,Risk Factors ,Caroti Artery Diseases ,Atherosclerosis ,Diseases of the circulatory (Cardiovascular) system ,RC666-701 - Abstract
Abstract Background: People living with HIV are at increased risk of cardiovascular disease and carotid thickness, due to the inflammation caused by the virus, the antiretroviral therapy, and other risk factors. However, few studies have observed the occurrence of cardiovascular diseases and carotid thickness in HIV-positive population at low cardiovascular risk and with undetectable viral load. Objectives: To evaluate the association between levels of inflammatory markers and carotid thickness in people living with HIV, under antiretroviral therapy and at low cardiovascular risk. Methods: To determine low cardiovascular risk in both groups (HIV infected and non-infected individuals), the Framingham Risk Score was used. Inflammatory markers (IFN-γ, TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, sVCAM-1, and sICAM-1) were assessed using flow cytometry. Carotid thickness (mm) was measured using Doppler ultrasound. Level of significance was p < 0.05. Results: In People living with HIV, age and smoking status were associated with carotid thickness alterations. In the non-HIV group, age, higher total cholesterol, and LDL levels were associated with increased carotid thickness. Using the multivariate analysis, a significant association between TNF-α and IL- 1( levels, and a higher chance of atherosclerosis development in HIV group were observed. Conclusions: Both groups have a similar risk for developing cardiovascular disease, therefore our study demonstrates that HIV-positive individuals with undetectable viral load in antiretroviral therapy without protease inhibitors and with low cardiovascular risk do not present differences in carotid thickness in relation to uninfected individuals.
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- 2019
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35. Epidemiological overview of AIDS in elderly people in the state of Santa Catarina from 2008 to 2018
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Geovana Elizabeth Miotto, Daniel Albrecht Iser, Betine Pinto Moehlecke Iser, Bruno Tafarel Ribeiro, and Fernanda Brigido Castilhos
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sexually transmitted diseases ,HIV infections ,acquired immunodeficiency syndrome ,aged ,Medicine - Abstract
Introduction: In recent years there has been an increase in the number of AIDS diagnoses in the general population, with a significant growth among elderly individuals. Objective: To analyze the epidemiological situation of AIDS in the elderly population and its temporal trend in the Santa Catarina State. Methods: Ecological study, conducted with the elderly (≥60 years) living in Santa Catarina, who were diagnosed with AIDS and notified in the Brazilian Information System for Notifiable Diseases (SINAN) from 2008 to 2018. The incidence rate according to sex, age group and health macro‑region was calculated, as well as the time trend, through linear regression. Race/skin color and scholarity were analyzed by proportion in relation to the total. Results: 1,365 cases were notified from 2008 to 2018. There was an increase in cases from 6,7/100.000 in 2008 to 23,1 in 2018 (1,77% yearly), higher among men aged 60 to 69 and living in the area of Florianópolis. Conclusion: there was an increase in AIDS notifications among the elderly in the state.
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- 2021
36. Effectiveness of GeneXpert® in the diagnosis of tuberculosis in people living with HIV/AIDS
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Mariana Gaspar Botelho Funari de Faria, Rubia Laine de Paula Andrade, Ana Julia Gonçalves Camillo, Karina Fonseca de Souza Leite, Nanci Michele Saita, Valdes Roberto Bollela, Carlos Eduardo Menezes de Rezende, and Aline Aparecida Monroe
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Tuberculosis, Pulmonary, diagnosis ,Molecular Diagnostic Techniques ,HIV Infections ,AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections ,Public aspects of medicine ,RA1-1270 - Abstract
ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE To identify and synthesize the scientific knowledge produced regarding the effectiveness of the GeneXpert test in the diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) in people living with HIV/AIDS. METHODS Integrative literature review, which was searched on Embase, Scopus, PubMed, Cinahl, Academic Search Premier, Socindex, and LILACS platforms, in December 2019. The studies surveyed went through two stages of selection: reading of titles and abstracts by two reviewers independently; using the Rayyan platform and reading. Nineteen primary studies in English, Portuguese, and Spanish that answered the study’s guiding question were included: How effective is the GeneXpert test in the diagnosis of pulmonary TB in people living with HIV/AIDS? RESULTS The use of GeneXpert substantially increased the detection of TB cases among the population co-infected with HIV/AIDS, with sensitivity ranging from 68% to 100%, superior to sputum smear microscopy. Specificity ranged from 91.7% to 100%; the positive predictive value from 79.2% to 96.1%; and the negative predictive value from 84.6% to 99.3%. These values were considered similar to sputum smear microscopy by most studies. We also compared these results with different ways of performing culture and other molecular tests, being considered inferior only to the Xpert Ultra. CONCLUSION It is possible to affirm that places with a high incidence of HIV/AIDS would benefit from the implementation of the GeneXpert test, entailing effectiveness in diagnosing pulmonary TB in this population when compared to sputum smear microscopy, a widely used test for detection of cases.
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- 2021
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37. Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma with Axillary Cutaneous Invasion in a HIV Positive Patient
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André Dias, Filipa Saraiva, and Fernando Maltez
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hiv infections ,immunoproliferative disorders ,lymphoma ,large b-cell ,diffuse ,Medicine ,Medicine (General) ,R5-920 - Abstract
N/a.
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- 2022
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38. Case for diagnosis. Erythematous and infiltrated plaques in the infrahyoid region
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Natália Tenório Cavalcante Bezerra, Antonio Pedro Mendes Schettini, André Luiz Leturiondo, and Liana Hortencia Miranda Tubilla Mathias
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Diagnosis, differential ,HIV infections ,Leprosy ,Dermatology ,RL1-803 - Abstract
Abstract Leprosy is a chronic infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium leprae and, depending on the host immune status, presents different clinical forms. This report describes the case of a 46-year-old man who had hypoesthetic lesions in the infrahyoid region for 30 days. The bacilloscopy was negative. The anatomopathological examination showed alterations corresponding to the tuberculoid pole (epithelioid histiocytes) and virchowian pole (foamy histiocytes), compatible with borderline-virchowian leprosy (Ridley and Jopling classification). Rapid tests for HIV I, II, and syphilis were positive, with a CD4 count of 223. The patient started treatment with multibacillary multidrug therapy, antiretroviral therapy, and benzathine penicillin, with marked clinical improvement in two months.
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- 2021
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39. TESTES RÁPIDOS PARA O RASTREIO DE INFEÇÕES POR VIH EM FARMÁCIA COMUNITÁRIA - ESTUDO EXPLORATÓRIO.
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GOMES, MICAEL and JESUS, ÂNGELO
- Subjects
- *
DRUGSTORES , *HIV infections , *DIAGNOSIS of HIV infections , *QUALITY of service , *PREPAREDNESS , *MEDICAL screening - Abstract
The inclusion of rapid HIV screening tests in community pharmacies can improve the detection of undiagnosed infections. Pharmacies are valuable partners in health promotion efforts and can be an accessible health resource for their inclusion. However, concerns were raised regarding the readiness of community pharmacies to provide this service, as well as the availability and preparation of the pharmacy workforce. In this exploratory study, a questionnaire was applied to community pharmacy professionals who work in the municipality of Braga (N = 64). Ninety-five percent of pharmacies were physically ready to provide this service. Pharmacy professionals were aware of the different types of tests available and more than 50% were willing to play a central role in the HIV screening process. Most respondents believe that this type of test provides "greater disease control" (27.3%), "quick results" (25.6%) and "accessibility" (25%). However, 95% of surveyed professionals consider that mandatory prior training should be required, namely on "how to deal with positive results", but also on the fundamentals of HIV infection, transmission and treatment options. This exploratory study shows that pharmacies are physically prepared to provide rapid tests and that most professionals are willing to participate. However, a focus on mandatory training and a general code of conduct must be defined, in order to provide quality service. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2021
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40. Effectiveness of screening for tuberculosis in HIV: a pragmatic clinical trial
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Marcela Lopes Santos, Joanna d’Arc Lyra Batista, Cynthia Braga, Adriana Paula da Silva, Magda Maruza, Wayner Vieira Souza, Maria Rosimery de Carvalho, Noemia Teixeira de Siqueira-Filha, and Maria de Fátima Pessoa Militão de Albuquerque
- Subjects
HIV Infections ,Tuberculosis, diagnosis ,Mass Screening ,Clinical Trial ,Public aspects of medicine ,RA1-1270 - Abstract
ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE: To verify the effectiveness of screening for tuberculosis (TB) on all-cause mortality and tuberculosis cases in newly diagnosed HIV-infected patients through a clinical algorithm based on recommendations of the World Health Organization. METHODS: From March 2014 to April 2016, a pragmatic randomized clinical trial was conducted with newly diagnosed and TB-free HIV-infected adults undergoing antiretroviral therapy for up to one month at a major tertiary hospital for HIV in the state of Pernambuco, Brazil. Participants were randomized into intervention and control groups using an automatically-generated random list, and followed-up for at least 6 months. The intervention group was screened for TB at hospital admission and at every follow-up visit through a series of questions addressing TB-related symptoms (cough, fever, night sweating, and weight loss). Patients presenting with any of these symptoms were referred to a pulmonologist and underwent sputum smear microscopy, sputum culture, and rapid molecular testing (GeneXpert). When at least one test result came back positive, TB treatment was initiated. In turn, if patients tested negative but presented with severe clinal symptoms, TB preventive treatment was initiated. Screening for TB was not performed systematically in the control group. The primary outcome assessed in this study was death from all causes, and secondary outcomes included sensitivity and specificity of this screening test, as well as its detection time. RESULTS: This study evaluated 581 patients, 377 in the intervention group (64.9%) and 204 in the control group (35.1%). In total, 36 patients died during the follow-up period. Of these, 26 (6.9%) were from the intervention group, reaching a cumulative mortality coefficient of 69 per 1,000 inhabitants, and 10 (4.9%) from the control group (p = 0.341), with a cumulative mortality coefficient of 49 per 1,000 inhabitants (p = 0.341).
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- 2021
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41. Serum levels of antioxidants and its supplementation in people living with HIV: integrative review
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Aline Roberta Rodrigues da Silva and Patricia Dias de Brito
- Subjects
antioxidants ,dietary supplements ,HIV infections ,nutrients ,Nursing ,RT1-120 ,Medicine (General) ,R5-920 - Abstract
Objective: To conduct an integrative review of serum levels of antioxidants and the effects of their supplementation on people living with HIV (PLHIV). Methods: A research was performed in the electronic databases LILACS and MEDLINE, using the descriptors "HIV" AND "antioxidants"; 110 publications were identified, 92 of which were available in the MEDLINE database and 3 in the LILACS database. After applying the exclusion criteria, 8 articles were selected for final evaluation.Results: The studies selected for the review were divided into 4 prospective observational studies and 4 clinical trials with supplementation of antioxidants or food sources of antioxidants. We observed that the initiation of antiretroviral therapy and its prolonged use negatively influenced the parameters of oxidative stress, and that deficiency of antioxidants was associated with more significant damage to mitochondrial DNA. Supplementation of foods that are sources of antioxidants, such as dark chocolate and spirulina, has had beneficial effects on serum lipids and antioxidant capacity. Conclusion: Clinical trials with a more robust methodology, supplementation of isolated nutrients, for more extended periods of intervention, and with the assessment of food consumption are necessary to elucidate their effects on oxidative stress in PLHIV faced with factors such as the use of antiretroviral therapy and changes in metabolic rates of this population.
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- 2021
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42. ATUAÇÃO DA EQUIPE MULTIPROFISSIONAL NA ASSISTÊNCIA ESPECIALIZADA EM HIV/AIDS.
- Author
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Monte Caldas, Caroline, Pereira dos Santos, Amuzza Aylla, de Oliveira Vieira, Maraysa Jéssyca, Mendes Santos, José Augustinho, Novaes Acioli, Deborah Moura, and Veras Costa, André
- Abstract
Assistance to people living with HIV/AIDS suggests investments in interdisciplinary practice, replacing the fragmentary conception with a comprehensive understanding of health. Thus, the objective was to know the perception of people living with HIV/AIDS on the assistance received by the multidisciplinary team in the perspective of comprehensive care. It is a qualitative, exploratory study, based on the theory of integrality in health. The study included 18 people living with HIV/AIDS accompanied by the specialized assistance service. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews, and submitted to content analysis according to Bardin. The categories emerged: "Perception of health care as a way of welcoming the user", "Perception of assistance to health needs as a guarantee of access to procedures and services" and "Health care centered on the figure of a single professional". It was found that the assistance of the multidisciplinary team is barely noticeable by users, who recognize only one professional as responsible for care. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2021
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43. Sobre seringas e cuidados: o papel do HIV no desenvolvimento da política de redução de riscos para usuários de drogas na França.
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Porto, Camille
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SYRINGES ,HIV infections ,DRUG abuse ,EPIDEMICS ,CONSUMPTION (Economics) ,GOVERNMENT policy - Abstract
Copyright of Intersecoes: Revista de Estudios Interdisciplinares is the property of Editora da Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (EdUERJ) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
44. HIV infection in pregnant women and its challenges for the prenatal care
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Lidiane de Nazaré Mota Trindade, Laura Maria Vidal Nogueira, Ivaneide Leal Ataide Rodrigues, Angela Maria Rodrigues Ferreira, Gracileide Maia Corrêa, and Natasha Cristina Oliveira Andrade
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HIV infections ,Pregnant Women ,Prenatal Care ,Infectious Disease Transmission, Vertical ,Public Health ,Nursing ,RT1-120 - Abstract
ABSTRACT Objective: To analyze the epidemiological profile of HIV infections in pregnant women. Methods: Analytical study with a quantitative approach. Results: The HIV rate in pregnant women increased from 1.5/1000 babies born alive, in 2010, to 3.3/1000 in 2017. There was a significant association between the prenatal and the variables educational level (p
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- 2021
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45. Panorama epidemiológico do HIV em gestantes indígenas e não indígenas no estado do Pará.
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de Nazaré Mota Trindade, Lidiane, Vidal Nogueira, Laura Maria, Silva Gomes, Elisângela, Guimarães Neto, Juarez Távora, Costa, Nataly Yuri, Dias Santos, Sávio Felipe, and Ataíde Rodrigues, Ivaneide Leal
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HIV infection epidemiology ,HIV infections ,HEALTH of indigenous peoples ,CROSS-sectional method ,PREGNANT women ,MEDICAL screening ,INDIGENOUS peoples ,ETHNIC groups ,PRENATAL care ,EPIDEMIOLOGICAL research ,AIDS ,PREGNANCY - Abstract
Copyright of Revista Eletrônica de Enfermagem is the property of Revista Eletronica de Enfermagem and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
46. Saúde sexual e reprodutiva de mulheres com HIV/aids: revisão integrativa.
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Costa Araújo, Beatriz, Guimarães do Nascimento, Bárbara, Fernandes dos Santos, Paulo Henrique, Cardoso dos Santos, Lucas, Barros Ferreira, Elaine, and Andrade, Juliane
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EVALUATION of medical care ,CINAHL database ,ONLINE information services ,SYSTEMATIC reviews ,PATIENTS ,CONCEPTUAL structures ,MEDLINE ,SEXUAL health ,REPRODUCTIVE health ,PSYCHOLOGY of HIV-positive persons ,AIDS ,WOMEN'S health - Abstract
Copyright of Revista Eletrônica de Enfermagem is the property of Revista Eletronica de Enfermagem and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
47. Educação em saúde sobre autocuidado íntimo e ISTs para mulheres em situação de vulnerabilidade.
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da Silva, Júlia Buonafina, Silva Pinheiro, Helena Vitória, de Souza Silva, Júlia Larissa, Silva, Maurizene Rodrigues, Pedrosa Gurgel, Marília Juliane, Portela, Gabriela, and Fonseca Lima, Rosário Antunes
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PREVENTION of sexually transmitted diseases ,HEALTH education ,HIV-positive persons ,HIV infections ,PSYCHOLOGICAL vulnerability ,RESEARCH methodology ,HYGIENE ,EXPERIENCE ,STUDENTS ,NURSING students ,PATIENT education ,STUDENT attitudes ,HEALTH self-care ,WOMEN'S health ,AIDS ,HEALTH promotion ,EDUCATIONAL outcomes - Abstract
Copyright of Revista Enfermagem Digital Cuidado e Promoção da Saúde is the property of Revista Enfermagem Digital Cuidado e Promocao da Saude and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
48. Tumor-like herpes simplex infection in an HIV patient
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Lula María Nieto-Benito, Ángel Manuel Rosell-Díaz, Ana Pulido-Pérez, and Ricardo Maria Suárez-Fernández
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Herpes genitalis ,Herpes simplex ,HIV infections ,Infections ,Skin diseases ,Dermatology ,RL1-803 - Abstract
Abstract A 56-year-old male, HIV-positive, presented with a 3-day history of multiple indurated erythematous nodules with superficial and well-defined erosions on his right gluteus. Skin biopsy showed ballooning-necrotic keratinocytes and cultures were positive for herpes simplex 2. Genital herpes simplex infection recurrences may not be restricted to the anterior part of the genitalia and clinical presentation in the lumbar area or gluteus must be differentiated from varicella-zoster virus infection. Tumor-like presentation is a very rare manifestation of HSV cutaneous infection. It is important to take this morphological variant into consideration not to delay the diagnosis of a viral infection, especially in an immunosuppressed patient.
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- 2021
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49. High-risk human papillomavirus infection and associated factors in the anal canal of HIV-positive patients in Medellín, 2017–2018
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Daniela Herrera Posada, Lucia Stella Tamayo Acevedo, Marleny Valencia Arredondo, and Gloria Inéz Sánchez Vásquez
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Human Papillomavirus Infections ,Epidemiology ,HIV Infections ,Anal Neoplasia ,Sexual Behavior ,Risk Factors ,Socioeconomic Factors ,Public aspects of medicine ,RA1-1270 - Abstract
ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE To estimate the prevalence of high-risk human papillomavirus (HR-HPV) anal infection and associated factors in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) positive patients in Medellín. METHODS Descriptive cross-sectional study in 300 HIV-positive patients, adults, with history of anal intercourse, treated in two health care services of Medellín 2017–2018. We conducted a structured survey on sociodemographics, sexual behavior and medical history. HPV was detected in anal swabs tested by the COBAS 4800 system. Exploratory data analysis of risk factors associated with HR-HPV was conducted by chi-square test of independence and both raw and adjusted prevalence ratios used the Poisson regression model, at a 95% confidence interval. RESULTS The high-risk HPV had a prevalence of 82.7%; HPV16 had a prevalence of 32.7%, HPV18 a prevalence of 21.7% and other HPV types scored 78.3%. The high-risk HPV prevalence in women was of 68.2% and 83.8% in men. The risk factors associated with high-risk HPV after adjustment were age under 30 years, elementary education, casual sex partners, and first sexual activity before 18 years old. CONCLUSIONS The high incidence of high-risk HPV, along with the occurrence of coinfections by multiple types in the study population shows their susceptibility to develop some type of anal intra-epithelial neoplasia. It is important to establish sexual health programs focused on primary health care.
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- 2020
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50. HIV/AIDS E A TRANSMISSÃO VERTICAL: COMPREENSÃO DE GESTANTES SORO POSITIVAS.
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de Freitas Ferreira, Gabriela Campos, Silva, Juliette Nobre dos Santos, De Oliveira Freitas, Karina, Vasconcelos, Esleane Vilela, and Rei, Danielle Saraiva Tuma dos
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HIV infections , *RESEARCH , *VIRAL load , *HIV seroconversion , *PREGNANT women , *ANTIRETROVIRAL agents , *HEALTH literacy , *QUALITATIVE research , *MEDICAL records , *THEMATIC analysis , *AIDS , *VERTICAL transmission (Communicable diseases) , *LYMPHOCYTE count - Abstract
Objective: Describe and analyze the understanding of HIV-positive pregnant women about HIV/AIDS and its vertical transmission, the meaning of lymphocyte count, viral load and the functioning of antiretroviral therapy. Methods: Exploratory study with a qualitative approach, conducted with 15 HIV positive pregnant women, from January to March 2018, through interview and reading of medical records, being analyzed by thematic analysis technique. Results: The statements were summarized in four units: "HIV/AIDS: Knowledge about the disease and forms of infection"; "HIV/AIDS: Knowledge about vertical transmission"; "HIV/AIDS: Knowledge about viral load and lymphocyte count"; and "HIV/AIDS: Knowledge about antiretroviral therapy". Conclusion: With this study, it was observed that pregnant women do not clearly understand HIV/AIDS, its forms of transmission, exams and treatment, demonstrating the need to improve the health education process, in order to reduce the diseases related to the disease during pregnancy and parturitive. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2020
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