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Auxiliado por intuições da mediologia, o presente estudo investiga o conceito de 文 (Wen) no plano da cultura chinesa tradicional. A primeira seção explica como as noções de transmissão/mediação são úteis para percebermos que Wen representa um conjunto de funções mediológicas na língua moderna. Considerando as características da escrita chinesa, a segunda parte encontra indícios etimológicos de que tais funções já estão presentes in nuce nos mais antigos testemunhos paleográficos disponíveis. A seguir, a terceira seção pesquisa a lexicalização de Wen no período clássico do pensamento chinês, demonstrando que o emprego do étimo por Confúcio suscita quatro funções mediológicas: Mensagem, instituição, meio e tecnologia.

This article analyzes the challenges faced by the Group of Twenty (G20) in light of the recent trends of deglobalization, geopolitical tensions, and geoeconomic fragmentation. It argues that the recent combined dilemmas of security and defense, obstacles to peace, and economic-trade coordination between nations represent a new phase for the group. Paradoxically, in addition to restrictions on more cooperative action, the new context also represents opportunities for renewed Brazilian action in the G20 amid the current reconfiguration of international relations.

ABSTRACT At the end of the 1970s, the People’s Republic of China (PRC) promoted policies to attract investments from the developed capitalist world, aiming for technological transfer and offering a profitable environment in exchange. Although the TNC capital, know-how, and technology have been key factors for Chinese development, the State has planned and regulated those investments, so they can be aligned with an autonomous project of development, avoiding the classic centre-periphery dependency relationship. This paper analysis focuses on the Five-Year Plans, and the regulation policy laws for inward investment. At the end we analyse the FDI data, which allowed us to identify the main changes and distinct phases of the development of FDI and the State policy.

As metas do design de interação é desenvolver produtos com aplicação da usabilidade, envolvendo os usuários. O objetivo desta pesquisa foi avaliar a aplicação das etapas da Metodologia de Branding TXM no processo do Design de Interação do projeto - “Futuro do Presente: espaço para observação, análise e interpretação de sinais” (FPlab). Esta metodologia prevê a participação das equipes gestora e do projeto, bem como dos usuários, considerando sua experiência e interface com os produtos. Foi utilizada a pesquisa qualitativa, exploratória e descritiva nos limites de estudo de caso. Os resultados indicaram que foi feito o re-design da marca e atendidos outros aspectos, resultados da análise SWOT, confirmando-se que os objetivos da metodologia foram atingidos.

El ensayo analiza el concepto de seguridad jurídica cuestionando la generalizada asunción de que la seguridad jurídica sea una cuestión de predictibilidad. La seguridad jurídica, se argumenta, no es una cuestión de mera predictibilidad de los resultados de las decisiones judiciales, sino más bien una cuestión atinente a la correcta identificación de las consecuencias jurídicas de un determinado caso. Teniendo en cuenta esta aclaración, el ensayo ofrece un tentativo escrutinio acerca de cuál es el lugar de la seguridad jurídica en la teoría y en la práctica del Estado constitucional.

This article analyzes the role of Latin American state-owned oil companies in the energy transition. Latin America presents great potential for replacing fossil fuels with renewable energies and possesses important reserves of critical minerals, such as lithium. However, there are several obstacles to overcome. Among them, the lack of financial resources for decarbonisation investments, low economic growth, and fiscal austerity policies in the face of the transition’s cost are prominent. In this context of energy industry transformation, state oil companies play a crucial role as they possess productive and financial capacities. These companies face the challenge of balancing oil and gas (petróleo y gas – P&G) production to ensure domestic supply and export potential while making investment decisions in clean energies to gradually replace fossil fuels. Most countries in the region lack medium and long-term strategies to address these challenges. While transnational oil companies from the global North, particularly European ones, have sought to reconfigure themselves as “energy companies” and invest in renewable sources, the main Latin American state-owned companies – such as Petróleo Brasileiro S.A. (Petrobras), Petróleos Mexicanos (Pemex), Yacimientos Petrolíferos Fiscales (YPF), and Empresa Colombiana de Petróleos S.A. (Ecopetrol), analyzed in this article – have pursued various paths in the transition to a low-carboneconomy. Each company’s strategy has been influenced by factors such as the existence of reserves, historical energy use, and differentiated government policies. In this scenario, it is concluded that oil companies are key players in the energy transition in Latin America because they can leverage their economic weight to drive the necessary economic transformations in this process and enhance the utilization of the region’s abundant renewable resources.

Sports foods and supplements can play a significant role in the sports nutrition plans of high-level athletes. It has been found that taking specific dietary supplements can have ergogenic and performance-enhancing effects. Over the past two decades, there have been no major changes in the recommendations for caffeine supplementation. However, scientific knowledge has been significant in recent times, such that the state of the art needs to be updated. This study aims to confirm that caffeine (1,3,7-trimethylxanthine), a substance found in beverages such as coffee, tea and energy drinks, can be both an ergogenic support for individuals engaged in physical activity and an effective cognitive support. In this context, this review outlines the current framework of knowledge. The relationship between the uses and effects of caffeine in power and endurance sports has been demonstrated. In order to achieve and maintain the high levels of performance required in sporting events, planning proper sports diet supplementation can only strengthen and revitalize athletes after strenuous training. Furthermore, the effects of caffeine intake on the state of alertness have been evaluated in the military as well. Significant physical performance, such as marching over rough terrain, sometimes with very heavy loads, may be required during military training and tactical operations. In addition, operational situations with reduced or sleep deprivation may occur.Thus, several studies argue that genetic background, diet, gender identity and hormonal status have a bearing on the absorption, metabolism and physiological and functional effects of caffeine. Regarding the key points - individualized dosages and timing of caffeine intake - it would be desirable to go further with the studies to optimize the effects of caffeine.

Ao apresentar uma visão geral do que significa traduzir literatura clássica chinesa para o português, o presente texto argumenta que as obras literárias na China são criadas coletivamente, produzindo um conceito mais opaco e fluido de “texto de partida”. Para além do “texto primário”, a obra original, a tradução de tais textos envolve absorver as diferentes contribuições de “autores secundários”, como editores, críticos e hermeneutas: o(s) “texto(s) secundário(s)”. Isso cria um dilema, em que o tradutor tem de fazer escolhas entre preservar a fidelidade estrita ao “texto primário” ou violá-la para realçar a inteligibilidade e/ou valor literário da obra para o público da tradução. O argumento está organizado em três partes. Explica-se, primeiro, como as peculiaridades da tradição literária clássica chinesa produzem o conceito de “autoria difusa”. A seguir, sob uma situação de incerteza sobre o que a obra queira dizer, debate-se como o tradutor deve fixar o texto de partida. Por fim, analisam-se os problemas estético-estilísticos que influenciam o gozo da obra pelo público leitor, sugerindo-se, na conclusão, quatro modelos de tradução, que variam de maior literalidade a maior literariedade.

Resenha de Girotto, A. (2022). Pesadelos, Excessos, Utopias. A Representação do Poder em Angola entre Literatura e Artes Visuais. Vila Nova de Famalicão: Edições Húmus, 162 pp.

Objetivo: recopilar y analizar el conjunto de datos etnográficos sobre el uso tradicional entre las poblaciones americanas del hongo embriagante Amanita muscaria. Metodología: durante la adquisición de los datos se realiza una cuidadosa evaluación, realizando críticas y correcciones donde se considera que los datos estaban presentados de manera inadecuada desde el punto de vista metodológico. Otro tipo de datos que se tienen en cuenta son los nombres populares que recibe este hongo y sus etimologías. También se analizan las causas que han provocado un proceso cultural de “mortalización” del A. muscaria, de modo que entre muchos grupos étnicos, tanto americanos como del Viejo Mundo, este hongo ahora se considera mortalmente venenoso. Resultados. El uso tradicional de A. muscaria como fuente embriagante se ha conservado hoy entre algunos grupos étnicos de América del Norte (Ahnishinaubeg, Ajumawi, Wixaritari), y los fines de uso son principalmente religiosos y chamánico-terapéuticos. Las etimologías de los nombres populares revelan una gama de asociaciones semánticas similares a las encontradas en el Viejo Mundo, y dan testimonio de un conocimiento de las propiedades embriagantes de este hongo que se conservó hasta épocas muy recientes en algunos grupos nativos de Mesoamérica. La presencia de este hongo en América del Sur parece deberse a la reciente actividad de reforestación antrópica, y esto explicaría la falta de documentos arqueológicos, históricos y etnográficos para esta región. Conclusión: los datos aquí recogidos hacen sospechar una mayor difusión del conocimiento de las propiedades embriagantes del A. muscaria entre los nativos norteamericanos y mesoamericanos en épocas pasadas; conocimientos olvidados o transmitidos en secreto aún hoy, tras la centenaria represión colonial contra los cultos nativos, incluido el uso de fuentes embriagantes.

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND Bariatric surgery patients have symptoms such as “plugging.” Therefore, a possible good way to avoid these eating discomforts, typical of the early period after bariatric surgery, is to educate the patient. The Mindful Eating (ME) consists of paying attention to physical signs of hunger and satiety and developing awareness of emotional triggers related to food. In addition, conscious food choices reflect positively on the speed of chewing at mealtime. AIMS Due to the difficulties that patients reported during consultations to controlling their bad eating habits and the lack of tools to help the bariatric patient change eating habits, we elaborated “BariMEP: A Mindful Eating Placemat for bariatric surgery patients.” METHODS The BariMEP was written by the multidisciplinary bariatric team based on a study by Russell et al. and ME principles in order to help bariatric patients pay attention to what and how they eat at each meal. RESULTS The BariMEP has some instructions based on Mindful Eating principles: get your seat at the table; do not distract yourself; before starting to eat, try breathing sometimes; recognize the internal hunger and satiety cues; let the fork rest at each bite and chew a lot; pay attention to the smell and taste; and be as present as possible at this time with nonjudgment. CONCLUSIONS For the first time, a tool has been developed with the aim of preparing the patient for bariatric surgery. Since the BariMEP is easy to teach and cheap, we suggest that the BariMEP be included in the bariatric surgery protocol.

The article aims to highlight the feeling of uncertainty and existential disturbance of Vittorio Sereni di Frontiera. The dissertation starts from the use that the poet makes of natural elements in the first collection of his poems to exemplify, through the reading of Inverno, the opening poem of the collection, how the “fog” concretizes a vague feeling of foreseen events but not yet experienced, nor clearly seen. Parole chiave: Vittorio Sereni; Frontiera; Incertezza; Transizione; Separazione. The article aims to highlight the feeling of uncertainty and existential disturbance of Vittorio Sereni di Frontiera. The dissertation starts from the use that the poet makes of natural elements in the first collection of his poems to exemplify, through the reading of Inverno, the opening poem of the collection, how the “fog” concretizes a vague feeling of foreseen events but not yet experienced, nor clearly seen. Key-word: Vittorio Sereni; Frontiera; Incertitude; Transition; Severence.

L’intento di questo lavoro contributo è offrire una chiave di lettura, oggi, delle posizioni di Heinz von Foerster, sia per il ruolo del soggetto conoscente, sia per le strategie che sostengono la sua cibernetica. Si vuole porre l’attenzione sia al perdurante validità formativa del costruttivismo nella sua valorizzazione delle qualità dell’individuo, osservatore e costruttore di conoscenza che al sostegno ad una radicale innovazione del discorso sulla scienza, con una prospettiva della cultura della complessità. Su questo terreno la sua ricerca si incrocia con altri autori, da Piaget a Bateson, da Ceccato a von Glasersfeld, frequentemente ignorati dalla scienza “ufficiale”. Von Foerster, formatosi come fisco, proveniente delle scienze “dure”, ha avvertito la necessità di una nuova epistemologia, aperta al confronto con saperi altri, come le scienze umane che, sempre più, nel corso del Novecento, sono andati alla ricerca di una propria autonomia di metodo e di una solidale etica della ricerca.

RESUMO O objetivo deste artigo é analisar as relações entre infinito e número na filosofia de Espinosa. Para tanto, a análise iniciará se debruçando sobre a Carta 12 e distinguindo as noções de infinito em ato, indefinido, ilimitado e não enumerável. Nesse momento, buscar-se-á evidenciar em que medida as noções citadas diferem entre si, e porque não podem ser confundidas. Ao tratar da noção de número e de grandezas não enumeráveis, a análise focará no exemplo dos círculos não concêntricos, oferecido por Espinosa, e evidenciará que, além do contínuo, o que está em jogo no exemplo citado é aquilo que posteriormente viria a ser conhecido como números irracionais. Em seguida, tratar-se-á da noção de entes de razão e mostrar-se-á em que medida o tempo, a medida e o número diferem enquanto entes de razão. Feito isso, o artigo se encerra evidenciando que (i) é o número que depende do infinito para ser concebido, e não o inverso; e que (ii) a lição legada por Espinosa abre caminho para uma nova maneira de pensar o infinito, que será explorada por Cantor.

This work is a review of the scientific literature related to the applications of Remotely Operated Vehicles (ROVs) in the Oil and Gas Industry to allow mechanics and robotic engineers, and other interested parties, to know the scope of some of the current various types of ROVs in the industry, and some of the current challenges faced. As a result, it is presented in this work, in an organized and orderly manner, some of the current applications and technologies. Papers were collected from various disciplines to form the first phase. The second phase included the selection of scientific journals and conference papers that discuss the use of ROV in the oil and gas industry. Finally, future applications are discussed. There is yet to be a solution for the high cost of using a support vessel in Inspections, Repairs and Maintenance (IRM) operations.

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: It is recommended that bariatric surgery candidates undergo psychological assessment. However, no specific instrument exists to assess the psychological well-being of bariatric patients, before and after surgery, and for which all constructs are valid for both genders. AIMS: This study aimed to develop and validate a new psychometric instrument to be used before and after bariatric surgery in order to assess psychological outcomes of patients. METHODS: This is a cross-sectional study that composed of 660 individuals from the community and bariatric patients. BariTest was developed on a Likert scale consisting of 59 items, distributed in 6 constructs, which assess the psychological well-being that influences bariatric surgery: emotional state, eating behavior, quality of life, relationship with body weight, alcohol consumption, and social support. Validation of BariTest was developed by the confirmatory factor analysis to check the content, criteria, and construct. The R statistical software version 3.5.0 was used in all analyses, and a significance level of 5% was used. RESULTS: Adjusted indices of the confirmatory factor analysis model indicate adequate adjustment. Cronbach’s alpha of BariTest was 0.93, which indicates good internal consistency. The scores of the emotional state, eating behavior, and quality of life constructs were similar between the results obtained in the community and in the postoperative group, being higher than in the preoperative group. Alcohol consumption was similar in the preoperative and postoperative groups and was lower than the community group. CONCLUSIONS: BariTest is a reliable scale measuring the psychological well-being of patients either before or after bariatric surgery.

Rock dredging for river channel deepening presents problems concerning the identification of whether the blasted rock is properly fragmented for the following operations and whether the excavation and disposal reach the determined project level. These issues lead to decision making that involves expensive equipment and vessel movement procedures that can result in an increase in costs and time. After characterizing and analyzing all underwater blasting and rock excavation procedures, a new methodology was developed to improve this process by applying a low-cost observation remotely operated vehicle. The tasks of the vehicle focus on monitoring and controlling some key procedures, improving the operating time and identifying operation fail points, in addition to helping to control the environmental impact. The proposed methodology was tested in São Paulo, Brazil, where the deepening of a river channel has been used to expand the waterway. The results of the tests show a 37% saving in time and a 32% saving in cost

Over the centuries, humanity has gone through various revolutions in data and information management that have increased, clarified or facilitated the evolution of knowledge. The Western world has evolved thanks to a succession of strategies developed to maximise the amount of information. The increasing computer performance has made the process of creating and transmitting data so fast and cheap to bring the information volume available to exceed a crucial threshold, leading to the advent of the so-called Big Data age. For the first time in human history, we have more data than we can handle. The discipline of drawing and representation is not exempt from this process. This density requires innovative methodologies necessary to structure the representations according to multiple scales and information supports. The computer does not understand the meanings, but unlike the human being, it can use this abnormal amount of unordered information to identify regularities. It then becomes possible to study natural phenomena and biological systems previously unassailable due to their complexity levels, to extract principles to be reproduced by digital processes in (eco)sustainable anthropogenic artefacts design. Computational design permits a high level of abstraction and more in-depth analysis that allows different disciplines hybridisation in designing artefacts whose properties are not only the result of formal, syntactic or linguistic issues, but they acquire living systems typical characteristics, such as the capacity to adapt, transform itself and self-organise. The knowledge and control of biomorphic patterns application promote project sustainability since nature always pursues the maximum efficiency of its systems. This paper presents experimental morphological studies aimed at realising artefacts with characteristics similar to natural systems.DOI: https://doi.org/10.20365/disegnarecon.26.2021.6

Copyright of Revista Brasileira de Higiene e Sanidade Animal is the property of Associacao Cientifica dos Medicos Veterinarios do Ceara and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Gerais: Revista Interinstitucional de Psicologia is the property of Gerais: Revista Interinstitucional de Psicologia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Os traumas de guerra condicionam corporal e psiquicamente os sujeitos a retornarem repetidamente a eles em revivências corporais, seja em sonhos, seja quando lembram dos acontecimentos da guerra. A partir da teoria psicanalítica dos traumas de guerra e de trechos de cenas de Campo Minado de Lola Arias, neste artigo, mostramos que escutar traumas de guerra no palco demanda uma disponibilidade da direção da cena e dos espectadores em perceber que o real traumático se apresenta precisamente nas pausas, nos silêncios, no momentos em que os atores cessam de dizer. Palavras-chave Atores Não Profissionais. Guerra das Malvinas. Minefield. Teatro Documentário. Teatro do Real.

Resumo O setor petrolífero tem uma vasta experiência com políticas de Conteúdo Local (CL), em particular na Noruega. No Brasil, essa política ganhou força nos governos Lula da Silva, mas começou a sofrer desgaste nos governos de Dilma Rousseff. A tentativa de repactuar aspectos dessa política em 2015 chegou tarde e, no governo Temer, sofreu um rebaixamento considerável. O objetivo deste artigo é entender a facilidade política e a rapidez com as quais o processo se deu, a partir de dois fatores. Primeiro, a tempestade perfeita que atingiu a Petrobras em meados de 2014 e em 2015, com uma forte queda de preço do petróleo e os impactos da Operação Lava Jato e outros fatores. Segundo, o desgaste ao qual a política de Conteúdo Local foi submetida, identificada como parte do problema, e não da solução, para o desenvolvimento brasileiro. A partir de uma análise das medidas governamentais e do posicionamento dos atores relevantes, percebe-se que a política de Conteúdo Local foi sacrificada no intuito atrair operadoras internacionais.

ABSTRACT Introduction: surgical treatment of obesity causes important changes in respiratory mechanics. Aim: Comparatively analyze respiratory muscle strength in post bariatric patients underwent to gastric bypass by laparotomy and laparoscopy during hospital stay. Methods: observational study with a non-randomized longitudinal design, of a quantitative character. Data were collected from 60 patients with BMI 40Kg/m2, divided in laparotomy group (n=30) and laparoscopy group (n=30). Smokers, patients with previous lung diseases and those unable to perform the exam correctly were excluded. Both groups were evaluated at immediate postoperative, first and second postoperative days with manovacuometry for respiratory muscle strength and visual analogue pain scale. Results: the sample was homogeneous in age, sex and BMI. Reduction in maximal respiratory pressures was observed after surgery for those operated on by laparotomy, no return to baseline values on discharge day on the second postoperative day. This group had also more severe pain and longer operative time. There was no difference in respiratory pressure measurements after surgery in the laparoscopy group. Conclusion: conventional bariatric surgery reduces muscle strength in the postoperative period and leads to more intense pain during hospitalization when compared to the laparoscopy group.

La costa sur de Mar del Plata, provincia de Buenos Aires (Argentina) se caracteriza por tener una gran variedad de rasgos geomorfológicos. En la zona se reconocen playas amplias con campos de dunas y playas en bolsillo con altos acantilados. A partir de esta situación surgen dos problemas de gestión costera: i) El retroceso de los acantilados y la erosión en las playas generan un riesgo para los barrios y la ruta provincial 11 que se encuentran por encima de ellos; ii) La migración de dunas a causa de los vientos provenientes del cuadrante sur, impide la circulación sobre la ruta provincial. En este trabajo se propone el uso de las arenas que invaden la ruta como arena de préstamo para regenerar las playas que se encuentran cercanas al campo de dunas. El área de estudio se centra en la Reserva Turística y Forestal Paseo Costanero Sur ubicado entre el Faro de Punta Mogotes y el arroyo Las Brusquitas con una longitud de 27 km. El análisis del trabajo se focalizó en 4 playas, de norte a sur: Serena; Luna Roja; Chapadmalal; y San Eduardo del Mar, en cada una de ellas se realizaron perfiles topográficos durante las mareas bajas para conocer el ancho de playa. A la vez, se extrajeron muestras sedimentológicas de los subambientes para tamizarlas y conseguir los parámetros estadísticos, y así finalmente aplicar los Diagramas de James. Con estos se obtuvo la idoneidad de los sedimentos (dunas y playas), para saber en qué playa sería más adecuado llevar a cabo una regeneración. Los resultados obtenidos demostraron que la mejor combinación fue las arenas eólicas con arenas de la playa Serena (Ra: 1,02 Rj: 0,14). En estudios anteriores sobre la posibilidad de regenerar playas del sur de Mar del Plata con arenas eólicas de otro campo de dunas han dado resultados alentadores, sin embargo las arenas aquí estudiadas presentan una granulometría más gruesa, por lo que se espera que los valores de los factores de regeneración sean más prometedores. Según lo expresado en este primer acercamiento sobre una obra de regeneración de playas, se comprueba que las arenas de las dunas móviles cercanas al barrio de San Eduardo del Mar son aptas para realizar una regeneración en las playas de la Reserva, lo que se resuelve en un uso sostenible del recurso arena, recurso tan preciado para el Municipio de General Pueyrredón.

Dear LAJSBA readers, this editorial note has the intention to updateyou with the news from our journal. In this sense, we want to tell you that our editorial team has been renewedwith the incorporation of two Associate Editors, José I. Cuitiño(CONICET, Argentina) and Giorgio Basilici (UNICAMP, Brazil). We want to express deeply thanks to RenataNetto and Fernando Gómez for the excellent work doneduring the last four years.We also express our gratitude to the Board of the Asociación Argentina de Sedimentología for trusting us for this importantand committed task. The journal, since its foundation in 2005 (coming from the AAS Revista since 1994), has been progressively improving its quality and its visibility within the scientific community. LAJSBA is an entirelyonlinefree-access journal witha highlevel scientific quality and designwhich is recognized bythe Latin American Earth Sciences community. In terms of bibliographic indexes, LAJSBA is included in the ranks of SCOPUS, Scimago, Latindex, DOAJ, GeoRef,andSciELO. Some important news can be highlighted from the last two years.Firstly, we want to communicate a great improvement for our journal: the launch of the new LAJSBA website!This website (https://lajsba.sedimentologia.org.ar/index.php/lajsba) represents a great advance for the journal and concentrate not only thesubmission and review systems, but also the repository ofthe complete collection of LAJSBA.This achievement was possible thanks to the support of the members of the AsociaciónArgentina de Sedimentología and we are proud to share it with the entire Latin Americangeoscientist community and from every corner of the world where LAJSBA has a reader. The second essential notice is that, since the volume 26.2 (December 2019) the journal is on regular time! This was possible through the efforts of authors, reviewers and editors, which hardly worked during the last four years. One benefit of the present onlinepublication system is the possibility to manage several volumes in progress in our online platform;this meansthat after the paper acceptance, it will be automatically published as part of future volumes, reducing considerably the time for online publication. Finally, a great news for our sedimentological community is related tothe latestmodification from Scimago Journal Ranking, whichrankedthe journal in the 2nd Quartile in all the categories where it is included (Geology, Paleontology, and Stratigraphy). This was the result of the high visibility gain for LAJSBA which could be interpreted from the statistics in the Scimago web page, where our journal reached in 2021 the record of cites in the last 15 years! We are convinced that maintaining the path marked by previous editorial teams, together with the recent improvements of bibliographic indexes andan active international diffusion,LAJSBAwill increasingly become an attractive journalfor the communication of scientific advances of the Sedimentology and Basin Analysisscientific community.To conclude, we want to emphasize that the future of LAJSBA depends uponthe support of the Latin American sedimentological community, including readers, authors, reviewers, and editors, not just to maintain its importance in our region, but to cross our borders.We repeat once again the message to our readers; we are looking forward to receiving your contributions!

The question about education, and about which model of education, belongs to society and moves from it, as well as the answer must go back to society again: education to complexity, critical thinking, responsibility for choices are all possible answers. In other words, we comprehend education as active citizenship, and by citizenship we mean a condition based on respect for oneself, respect for the others and the rules of any community. It is a cultural attitude built on values such as civil and political commitment, and an ethical dimension that implies the conviction that without choice and responsibility there can be no authentic social justice; it is a sense of belonging to democracy and democratic practice as well, where we believe democracy to be the result of opposition first, mediation later. This should be the task of the public School system, and to accomplish this task it is necessary to draw on the cultural richness that comes from its pluralism: this can be done by trained teachers, available to comparison, who know how to dismantle and reassemble disciplinary knowledge and soft skills in an epistemologically correct way, in order to meet the diversified learning needs, providing tools for interaction with reality. This kind of School, therefore, must be considered as an ethical place of education and citizenship, which guides change and transformative processes, inspired by new cultural, social, psycho-pedagogical and organizational models: a School which, as a public service, is already part of a pedagogical and political project.

At the end of the 19th century, genericity took an important step toward mathematical analysis, due to the developments promoted by the Italian school of algebraic geometry. However, its origins can be traced back to ancient mathematics in the work of prominent philosophers and mathematicians, such as Plato and Euclid. In this article, we will try to show how a key notion in the structuralist turn of algebraic geometry evolved from a vague linguistic phenomenon and became a precise and fruitful mathematical concept.

Aside to the demographic screening, a deeper biosocial interest in India can be observed on the scale of groups and subpopulations. Several agencies (university consortia, departments of human forensic genetics), are pursuing the inspection of population bio-history, and genotyping. Most of the results concern the genetic structure, and admixtures, in a phylogenetic net connecting clades and sub-clades. Two large ancestral stocks are supposed at the origin of the demographic mosaic. The first of these, Ancestral North Indians (ANI) had its centre in a western Euro-Asian area, and the Middle East. The second, called ASI, Ancestral South Indians, centred in the Andaman Islands, but prevalent in South India. Under this perspective, the authenticity is associated, with autochthony: the “true” Indians are those who first populated the territory. Thus, adivasis label (aboriginals) designates the “originals”. Their roots, both on the bio-genetic and cultural level, belong to the deepest layer of the variegated Pan-Indian scenario. This simplified version coexists with a divergent theory linked to modernized frames of the classic hierarchical background. In a seminal study M. Bamshad showed as the social pyramid corresponded to a distribution the Y chromosome heritage. The highest rate of markers of haplogroup R1a1 was found among the top castes, and lowest in the Shudras and outcastes. The supporters of Hindu supremacy wear the R1a1 brand as a symbol of identity that confirms the Vedic myth in which society is depicted as a body (where the limbs represent the different classes), supporting a renewed image of national solidarity.

Abstract Background and objectives: Sedation for endoscopic procedures aims to provide high quality sedation, lower risks, short recovery time, superior recovery quality and absence of side effects, seeking high patient level of satisfaction. The goal of the study was to assess administration of remifentanil combined with propofol regarding the effects of the drug association during sedation and recovery for patients submitted to upper gastrointestinal diagnostic endoscopy. Method: One hundred and five patients were assessed, randomly divided into three groups of 35 patients. The Control Group was sedated with propofol alone. Study Group 1 was sedated with a fixed dose of 0.2 µg.kg−1 remifentanil combined with propofol. Study Group 2 was sedated with 0.3 µg.kg−1 remifentanil combined with propofol. We assessed the quality of sedation, hemodynamic parameters, incidence of significant hypoxemia, time for spontaneous eye opening, post-anesthetic recovery time, quality of post-anesthetic recovery, presence of side effects and patient satisfaction. Results: Study Group 1 showed better quality of sedation. The groups in which remifentanil was administered combined with propofol showed shorter eye-opening time and shorter post-anesthetic recovery time compared to the control group. The three groups presented hemodynamic changes at some of the moments assessed. The incidence of significant hypoxemia, the quality of post-anesthetic recovery, the incidence of side effects and patient satisfaction were similar in the three groups. Conclusions: The combination of propofol with remifentanil at a dose of 0.2 µg.kg−1 was effective in improving the quality of sedation, and at doses of 0.2 µg.kg−1 and 0.3 µg.kg−1 reduced the time to spontaneous eye opening and post-anesthetic recovery in comparison to sedation with propofol administered alone.

The Street Art pieces have entered an advanced stage, after being generated in contexts of urban complexity and difficult social and cultural mixtures, they reached the value of the real artworks, demonstrating how the “skin” of the cityscape may influence the feelings both of the people living there and the ones visiting that neighbourhood. The contribution of Street Art in single buildings and urban regeneration is clear, it can be considered a key passage to any revitalization and gentrification process. In the last years, the use of Street Art in urban environments was quite common and, for its “nature”, it was strictly linked to the city. However, like any art in its “adult” phase, other possibilities and variables are now in their right moment for being explored and tested. In this particular time, in 2017, the Brazilian Artist Eduardo Kobra brought his art out of the cityscape and into a mix of the natural and industrial landscape, realizing a large mural depicting the Michelangelo’s David. It was realized on the front of a large marble cut in a white marble quarry above Carrara, Tuscany, Italy. In June 2017, at the end of the realization, full photogrammetry of the painting was made to document and create a digital version of the artwork to be easily disseminated. A specific scaled ver-sion of the mural was printed on marble to create a plate for exhibition in the city hall of Massa, one of the promoters of the event. The following paper will describe the conditions and events around this artistic operation and the technical procedures adopted in creating a digital versatile twin of the Kobra’s artwork.DOI: https://doi.org/10.20365/disegnarecon.24.2020.26

A short description of the lock-in technique gives an idea of the working principle of these useful devices, that are spreadly used in weak signals detection, but rarely treated in introductory courses. Simple and cheap circuits, that may be easily assembled by the student are suggested, as a practical approach to this powerful technique.

Discusse alcune posizioni pedagogiche, non solo su cittadinanza e democrazia, ma anche sulle straordinarie trasformazioni sociali, il contributo intende chiarire il significato di questi concetti. Ciò vale sia per le istituzioni educative sia per la società in generale, sempre più ibridata dalla globalizzazione e dalla diffusione delle nuove tecnologie che in pochi decenni hanno trasformato i modi di produrre, conservare, interpretare, trasmettere e rielaborare conoscenze. In particolare, si sottolinea la responsabilità educativa della scuola, che da sempre persegue la finalità di educare a vivere con gli altri. A tal proposito, questo scopo, oltre a favorire la missione dell’istruzione costituisce una risorsa in più, un vero e proprio valore aggiunto. Pertanto, in una società complessa si impara parimenti dal rapporto con gli altri e dall’istruzione formale.

Resumo: Nesta entrevista, Diana Gilardenghi discorre sobre as várias técnicas de dança que praticou durante seus anos de formação, conta o modo como atualmente combina essas técnicas nas suas aulas de dança contemporânea, narra suas experiências como professora de dança no ensino remoto durante a pandemia de Covid 19 e comenta o processo de criação do trabalho virtual ocupação mágica (2020). Palavras-chave: dança à distância; dança contemporânea; ensino remoto; técnicas de dança; performance virtual.

Objective: To evaluate how the lower arch spontaneously change after upper rapid palatal expansion in a group of patients with transversal skeletal deficit. Material and Methods: Twenty-four patients treated by the same orthodontist with a rapid palatal expander (RPE) bounded on a deciduous molar have been selected. The sample was divided into two groups: no treatment was provided for group one, while group two was treated using a lip bumper or Schwarz appliance. For each patient, dental casts were collected when the RPE was bounded (T0) and at the end of treatment, 9 months ± 3 months later (T1). Each outcome was analyzed, providing descriptive statistics, main effects significance tests and post-hoc analyses with the objective to evaluate the variations between pre-treatment (TO) and post-treatment (T1) of each of them. Results: If the linear measurements are considered, a significant beneficial effect on both arches is observed. However, the upper arch always shows a major increase of all values at T1 with respect to the lower arch. Even though the post-hoc tables indicate that time differences are all statistically significant across considered partitions, the lower arch's increase is more pronounced in group two, where patients were treated in both arches. If the angular measurements are concerned, the increase of lingual crown inclination was found in all patients, independently from the type of treatment in lower arch. Conclusion: All patients show normalization of upper diameters, regardless of whether the lower arch was treated or not.

Objective: To evaluate the effects of passive self-ligating appliances (PSLAs) and conventional ligating appliances (CLAs) during orthodontic treatment regarding torque, tip, and transversal dental changes. Material and Methods: Dental parameters were digitally acquired from pre- and post-treatment models of each subject belonging to two groups of patients treated with PSLAs (23 patients; 11 females and 12 males with a mean age of 14.2 ± 1.6 years) and CLAs (18 patients; 10 females and 8 males with a mean age of 14.3 ± 1.9 years), respectively. All subjects had Class I or slight Class II malocclusion (≤ 2mm), permanent dentition and no previous orthodontic treatment. After normality of data was assumed, a paired sample t-test rejected any side differences at T0 and, therefore, the data were grouped by tooth group. Statistical analyses were performed using a linear mixed-effect framework, assuming the appliance, time, and interactions as fixed effects and the tooth type as random effects. Finally, post-hoc effect analysis was used to contrast modeled marginal effects (p

Objective: To obtain reference values for tip, torque and in-out from digital models of Italian and Mozambican subjects in ideal occlusion using a repeatable and validated method and to compare these measurements with previously reported values. Material and Methods: Dental parameters were acquired from digital models of each subject, categorized to one of two groups: Italians (23 males, 27 females; mean age 28.3 years, ±5.7 years) and Mozambicans (14 males, 15 females; mean age, 23.4 years, ±5.9), using VAM software. All subjects had ideal occlusion, permanent dentition and no previous orthodontic treatment, fillings or prostheses. After normality of data was assumed (p

Objective: To verify the existence of a correlation between the mesio-distal size of teeth and the arch width by analyzing the data separately for maxillary and mandibular arch in patients with ideal occlusion. Material and Methods: 58 patients with ideal occlusion were studied, for a total of 276 files analyzed. Dental casts were then scanned using a professional scanner (Epson Perfection v 330) and images were obtained in TIFF format at 600 dpi. All single teeth measurements were carried out for all teeth of both arches using the VAM software (Vectra, Canfield Scientific, Fairfield, NJ, USA). The repeatability and reproducibility of the measurement method were evaluated using the Gauge R&R method. In case a correlation between tooth size and arch size is found to be significant, a linear regression analysis can be applied through the following statistical relationship: y=a+b*x, where y is the result (inter-molar distance “AvgB66” or inter-canine distance “Cusp 33”), and x the specific tooth. The a and b respectively represent the intercept (point of intersection between the line and the y axis) and the slope of the line that describes the regression ratio. Results: The statistical analysis highlights a significant correlation (p

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