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Copyright of Revista Foco (Interdisciplinary Studies Journal) is the property of Revista Foco and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Interação em Psicologia is the property of Universidade Federal do Parana and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This work proposes to carry out a systematic review on the different problems in mental health in childhood and adolescence, in order to describe the proposed approaches and their methodological perspectives. The systematic review, according to the PRISMA Declaration, is carried out in March 2022 and twenty-nine scientific articles are selected from 6 databases that refer to publications in Spanish between 2022-2020, where it is concluded that childhoods and adolescents they are a group of subjects with an importance not only for their development but also for the problems that have always affected them, especially from the effects produced by the COVID-19 pandemic in relation to their neurodevelopmental processes, learning, lifestyles, human rights and mental health. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This work aims to characterize the children's behavior related to interaction with digital games, including parental mediations and verification of the influence of access time on attention performance. The ex-post-fact research had a quantitative approach based on applying a questionnaire and psychological tests involving 91 students with an average age of 11.6 years. The results revealed that 96.8% of the participants play digital games and that 47.3% play for 1 to 2 hours. Regarding parental mediation, 74.16% of parents control access time. The analysis of the relationship between the time range and the performance of the types of attention revealed that children who play 1 to 2 hours a day have better attention-focused performance, and those who play between 2 and 6 hours show betterdivided attention performance, but without revealing a statistically significant difference. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract Vaccination is a procedure considered painful for children; therefore, the healthcare team should provide conditions for adequate pain assessment and control. This study sought to evaluate whether behavioral distraction procedures contribute to reduce pain perception and anxiety indicators in children during vaccination. One hundred and four children between three and 12 years attending a Health Center in the Federal District participated in the study. Children were divided into four groups: baseline, groups with balloons, cards and tablets. Data were obtained by means of sociodemographic questionnaires, the Monica and Friends Pain Scale and the Observational Scale of Distress Behavior. The collected data were measured using the SPSS Statistics program. Results show that the intervention groups had lower averages, concerning pain levels, incidence of competing behaviors and duration of vaccine procedures, compared to baseline.

Objective: Evaluate the distribution of body fat by bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) and characterize the antropometric index in children. Materials and Methods: Cross- sectional study with children aged 7 to 11 years. A convenience sample was obtained from a previous study assessing the prevalence of obesity and overweight in 1019 children in the city of Ouro Preto-MG. A total 89 children from seven local schools were included in this study. The percentage of body fat was obtained through the use of BIA, nutritional status and characterization of the IC and WHR. Results: Of the 89 children the percentage of eutrofics, overweight and obese were 15.7% (n=14), 54% (n=48) and 30.3% (n=27). Evaluation of the distribution body through the BIA noted that girls had higher percentages of body fat than boys. As for IC, there wasn't a decrease in IC with advancing age. The values found for the RCE showed up the limits prescribed by the literature. Conclusions: In the study group, the girls had higher %BF by BIA analysis than boys. In contrast the few findings in the literature on IC in children, we did not observe a decrease in IC with increasing age, therefore, further studies are needed to establish the IC behavior in children. As regards values WHR, we observed the values are above the limit suggested in the literature, therefore, necessary measures are aimed at promoting health in this population. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Espaço Jurídico: Journal of Law is the property of Espaco Juridico: Journal of Law and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Cadernos PAGU is the property of Universidade Estadual de Campinas - Portal de Periodicos Eletronicos Cientificos and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Abstract Exposure to maternal depressive symptoms and negative parenting practices during childhood configures a vulnerability factor associated with behavior problems among children. This study aims to verify the predictive effects of maternal depression (main factor) on behavioral outcomes and maternal parenting practices, considering the sex of the children (covariate factor); and the predictive effect of maternal depression, parenting practices, and child’s sex on behavioral outcomes. The sample was composed of a community sample of 101 mother-child pairs. Mothers answered to: Structured Clinical Interview for DSM Disorders, Parenting Styles Inventory, and Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire. The covariance and multiple linear regressions analysis showed that being a boy, and specific practices of neglect, physical abuse, and permissive discipline were the main predictors of behavioral problems among children exposed to negative practices and maternal depression. These findings underline the role of the child’s sex in the interactions between variables, which could contribute to interventions in mental health.

Aim: To analyze the scientific literature about the effectiveness of hypnosis as a behavioral management technique used to reduce pain and/or anxiety in the pediatric treatment. Methods: Based on the guiding question "What is the effectiveness of hypnosis in the management of children's behavior during dental treatment?", a bibliographic search was carried out on the BVS, Cochrane Library, Google Scholar, and PubMed databases by combining the keywords "Pediatric Dentistry", "Hypnosis, Dental", and "Dental Anxiety". There was no restriction concerning year of publication, language, or place. The selection of studies was carried out in three stages: through the process of reading the titles and abstracts, by excluding duplicate articles, and obtaining and reading the selected full articles. Results: Out of 40 articles found, we selected four. Two articles were then included manually, totaling six articles. The surveys were conducted in several countries, such as Mexico, India, France, Turkey, and the United States. Three hundred and forty-one children, aged from four to 16 years old, were analyzed. Hypnosis, in most studies, was assessed before and during the local anesthetic dental procedure. Heart rate and oxygen saturation were used to assess patients' anxiety, and physical resistance, among other tools, was used to assess pain in three studies. Conclusion: Hypnosis significantly reduced heart rate, physical resistance (mainly crying), anxiety, and pain in local anesthetic injection procedures. Also, it significantly increased the cooperation of pediatric patients; however, more randomized studies on this topic, with methodological standardization, are necessary considering the high risk of bias found in the studies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The author displays a theoretical-clinical reflection about the primitive states of the mind, by defining this concept in dialogue with other classic concepts in psychoanalysis. Following a conceptual line that goes from Freud to the contributions of Klein, Winnicott, Bion and Green, she seeks to demonstrate the presence of the primitive states of mind in the psychoanalytic process. The author also highlights the use of dreamwork as a tool that allows the access to, and the transformation of, unrepresented states of the mind, and further illustrates clinically her hypothesis through the presentation and discussion of psychic material issued from the analysis of a child. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The author makes a psychoanalytical elaboration based on a clinical investigation in the case of a child, where she highlights the different psychic consequences that occurred as a result of early separations and losses. It shows how the psychic collapse arising after the absence of the maternal object causes a narcissistic encapsulation which is difficult to access and that functions as a barrier that nullifies or avoids close relationships. It highlights and elaborates the different movements of the analytical process that go from chaos, to the construction of a sound cointainer that involves the analytical duo, to the birth of the first words that served to represent primary depression. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The possible preservation of the phonological distinction between the voiceless postalveolar affricate/tS/and the voiceless post-alveolar fricative/S/- corresponding to the graphic forms and , respectively - in only a few dialects in the north of the country could be motivating different behaviors from children speaking different regional varieties of Portuguese in their first years of schooling. Since this study has not yet been done, this paper intends to analyze the written productions of Portuguese children from three linguistic areas of Portugal, represented here by children from the cities of Lisbon, Porto, and Chaves, about the spellings and , to understand whether there is any relationship between the preservation or non-preservation of this phonological distinction and the children's orthographic performance. Thus, the written productions of students belonging to the three dialectal regions mentioned above will be analyzed based on data from the EFFE-On corpus (Rodrigues, Lourenço-Gomes, Alves, Janssen & Gomes 2015) with the phonological distinction between/tS/and/S/having been preserved in some and neutralized in others. Therefore, it will be possible to measure the impact that the students' dialect can have on their orthographic performance, as well as perceive any differences in performance related to the grapheme vs. the digraph . Two groups of children were created for the analysis: a group with typical and another with atypical phonological development children. The differences observed point to a need to deepen the discussion concerning the sound aspect of language in the classroom, beginning in the first years of schooling - especially during the literacy phase. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study sought to identify aspects of moral disengagement related to homophobic bullying experienced in the childhood and/or adolescence of university students. Through qualitative research, 14 college students from a city in the interior of the state of São Paulo were interviewed who declared themselves gay or lesbian. The group of participants was constituted through the snowball sampling technique. A script with guiding questions explored participants' perception of the mechanisms of moral disengagement as motivators for homophobic bullying experiences suffered during elementary and high school. The research data was analyzed through content analysis, thematic modality. The results obtained in this research showed that aggressors were morally disengaged and blame victims for feeling better, morally justifying their behavior. This study points out that anti-bullying interventions should consider the dissemination of content about human values, respect for diversity and the seriousness of aggressive behavior of children and adolescents. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The sense of ownership reflects people's understanding and judgment regarding the appropriation and use of available resources. From an evolutionary approach, the aims of this paper were to conduct a theoretical analysis on the ontogenesis of the sense of property, seeking to describe the criteria used by children to assign property to someone and to put forward an explanatory hypothesis that there is an adaptive advantage in this capacity. Preliminary conclusions suggest that children, in different cultures, use varying criteria to make judgments and inferences about possess and ownership, and that the early emergence of this ability would play an important role in social interactions, such as minimizing conflicts arising from resource disputes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Childhood obesity is a disorder of nutritional status, related to the increase of adipose tissue, with increased body weight and has become a worldwide epidemic with high rates in children. Objectives: the present study aims to present the situation of childhood obesity in Brazil in the past five years. Materials and Methods: the search for scientific articles was held in electronic databases Medline (Pubmed), LILACS, SciELO and BIREME since the beginning of 2014 until June 2019. The first search was conducted in the Pubmed database as follows: [(obesity) and (overweight) and (child) and (epidemiology) and (Brazil)]. The search in the subsequent bases had adjustment when necessary. To complement, a manual search in the references of the articles included. Results: 195 articles were identified in the search, and five articles metall the inclusion criteria proposed. Conclusion: The results show that the highest incidence of overweight in childhood is found in the age group from 0 to 11 years old, pointing to an inadequate eating pattern, besides observing an increasingly sedentary behavior of children. Public action measures should be intensified, aiming at prevention and awareness about childhood obesity and healthy lifestyle habits, starting with the school environment, day care centers and family life, where there is a greater impact on this age group, aiming at the reversal of the current situation experienced by Brazilian children. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The influence of the social determinants of health on child health is widely recognized. Health literacy is seen as a critical component to improve child health and reduce inequalities. As in the general population, many parents have a low level of health literacy, which affects their ability to protect their child's health. In this work, we intend to describe the relationship between parental health literacy, parental behaviors, and child health outcomes. In addition, interventions to address parental health literacy will be discussed. The effects of parental health literacy are wide-ranging, affecting different parental behaviors and different child health outcomes, across the domains of health promotion, disease prevention, acute illness care, and chronic illness care. Most interventions to promote parenting health literacy are based on verbal counseling and the provision of written materials, following the application of the "universal precautions" principle and adopting validated methodologies. The data suggest the need for socio-ecological approaches, which invest in creating supporting environments along with the promotion of parents' health literacy skills. Addressing parents' health literacy in a sustainable way implies adopting a family-centered approach, using universal precautions and gaining a better alignment between the demands placed on parents and their health literacy skills. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Cancer plays a notable role among diseases that afflict adults and children. Its diagnosis is still much feared and connects to a stigma of suffering, mutilation and death. It is related to difficulties and treats that affects not only the child but also his whole family during the long process of diagnosis and treatment. Objective: to compare the behaviors of children during intravenous chemotherapy before and after the application of therapeutic instructional toy (BTI). Materials and methods: Uncontrolled search such as “before and after”, held in oncopediatria of a public hospital. Ten children were evaluated, subjected to intravenous chemotherapy. For collection, it was used a questionnaire asking for sociodemographic, clinical and behavioral questions, as well as issues and reactions outlined during treatment, before and after the session of BTI. The data analysis was done in SPSS program, being carried out the Mc Nemar test, assuming a confidence interval of 95%. Results: the most frequent childhood cancer was Acute Lymphoblastic leukemia (40%). Among the behaviors examined, it was significantly reduced after the use of BTI “retracted posture” behavior. Conclusion: the BTI represented an important tool in the control of anxiety and suffering generated by intravenous chemotherapy treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Primary care professionals are usually the first ones to detect symptomns of autism. We have developed and evaluated an educational model via a combined telehealth and face-to-face approach to handle autism spectrum disorders (ASD) and child mental health. The training comprised two modules involving distance-learning and face-to-face teaching environments. A total of 150 healthcare professionals - 75 doctors and 75 nurses - from five Brazilian cities were trained. Videos about ASD and child mental health were developed for the distance-learning module. The face-toface module was based on training regarding "Mental health communication skills for child and adolescent primary care." The professionals were evaluated before and after training utilizing a specific knowledge questionnaire and surveys on Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice (KAP). Knowledge acquisition, practice, and attitude improved significantly after training (p < 0.01). Our results indicated that the use of interactive tele-education to train professionals in primary care is feasible and effective. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The institutionalization of children and young people has been improved in the course of time in order to respond to the children needs. The reasons for the residential care for the majority of children and young people are mainly related to situations of negligence, maltreatment or abandonment by caregivers (including their parents), often associated with risk behaviors of children themselves. Having in mind this concern, Casa Pia de Lisboa (CPL) is trying to follow a more direct intervention towards the children needs, in order to change the residential care paradigm, becoming more and more a therapeutic care. Nowadays the residential care at CPL, aims to respond, to the emotional needs of children and young people, promoting the internal emotional, behavior and social change. This communication intend to present some of the tools used in the daily intervention with children and young people, with therapeutic intention and some of the indicators that allow monitoring the work developed, like their satisfaction with the residential care at Casa Pia in Lisbon. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Among challenges common to adolescents, desire to explore sexuality limints stands out. Young people may be susceptible to different risks facing this challenge. Sexual risk behaviors include intercourse without condoms, multiplicity of partners, and early pregnancy. The purpose of this study was to provide an empirical contribution to the understanding of adolescent sexuality, investigating the relationship between adolescents' perception of sexual behavior and their relationship with parents. This work is part of a larger project called Health Behavior in School-Aged Children (HBSC). Scope is proposed to investigate adolescents of Northern Region of Brazil (Amazon). Instrument used was the Health Behavior in School-aged Children (HBSC), a protocol that covers a range of indicators and behaviors related to health. Sample consisted of 507 students of both sexes from public schools in the state of Rondônia, aged 13 to 15 years. Research data analysis was performed by comparison measures (chi-square test). Results indicated that young people who have already started sexual life realize that parents know little about their lives. Increasing decision-making skills and promoting communication with parents can contribute significantly to stimulate health and well-being of Brazilian youth. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Educación Física y Ciencia is the property of Universidad Nacional de La Plata and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The principal focus of this work is to characterize the children's emotional development, opposing it to the process of socialization in school. Whose the main actor is the teacher, through the relationship with the students. It points out the origins and discuss the basic developmental needs of the child. Pointing out how the teachers can contribute in this process through a sensitive and technical look at child behavior, provided by knowledge of Winnicot's theory. In this potencial space of growth that constitutes the school, the teacher's role to relating and mediating the relationship among the children is one of the determining factors in the structure constructions about relationships that they will carry for life. The teacher, knowing the emotional development process of your students and your way of expressions, can direct them to experiences that are richer and more impactful to their training as a person. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: To understand the impact of a brief training focused on positive parenting strategies and behavior management of pre-school children. Method: 152 professionals (e.g., nurses, doctors, psychologists) from primary health care units (PHCU) in the district of Coimbra have participated in a nine-hour training course. The level of satisfaction with the training, the strategies recommended to parents before and three months after the training and the perceived need for additional training were assessed through three Self-Reflection Inventories and a Satisfaction Assessment Sheet. Results: There were high levels of adherence to training and satisfaction with its content and teaching/learning strategies. After the training, professionals reported having more frequently recommended positive parenting strategies to parents and mentioned the urge of additional training. Conclusion: Training professionals from PHCU could contribute to filling an important gap in mental health literacy, enabling these first-line professionals to provide a higher quality and evidence-based response to questions raised by parents regarding the management of their children's behavior. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aimed at verifying the influence of post-partum depression on the maternal behavior in the development of language and prossocial behavior of 3-year-old children. A total of 61 mother-child dyads being attended by the Public Health System in the Municipality of São Paulo took part in this study, where 28 mothers presented signs of depression at some point after childbirth in one of the assessments performed (puerperium, 8, 24 and 36 months) during the longitudinal project. During twenty minutes of free play between mother and child, pragmatic aspect of language development (through communicative actions and means) and the clean-up task were assessed. The data, analyzed through parametric statistical tests, showed that depression factors influencing maternal behavior in relation to the child are subtle, insofar as the children presented a linguistic performance within the standards expected for the age, verbalized more and used more gestures to communicate, exhibiting more objects to their mothers and made more comments. Mothers without depression explain the reasons and motives of things to their children and they, in turn, provide less help to their mothers, which is demonstrated through defiance and refusals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Reflections on the imaginative manifestations of children and the ways in which they are / can be worked out in educational contexts are of great importance because they can derive various contributions to pedagogical work and consequently to child development. In this field, the following questions are relevant: Is the daily routine organized by the educator for children rich and challenging? Are there invitations to the manifestations of the children regarding the routines, the times and the spaces instituted? Is the educator capable of a sensitive listening and an attentive look at these manifestations? What do children produce in the actions and interactions that occur there is linked, in a powerful way, to the sphere of the imagination? In general, the answers to these questions are negative. For this reason, the group that developed the research and the pedagogical work carried out by their teacher was considered an instigating field and object of investigation because they represent atypical forms of valuing the children's imaginative capacity. The purpose of this work is to identify mediations in the teacher-child relationship that support in different ways, the development of the imagination (within a historicalcultural perspective) and highlight aspects of the structure of daily education, prioritizing possibilities of choice by children as an important condition in this field. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to provide the best care to children and adolescents referred for university-based psychology and psychiatry centers, this research describes and compares the profile of families who looked for treatment in these services. Forty mothers and children were assessed (20 participants in each group - Waiting list for psychological counseling or psychiatric care). The mothers completed the Child Behavior Checklist, Beck Depression Inventory, Marital Adjustment Scale and semi-structured interview. The children referred to psychiatry services had higher scores in the clinical range for somatic complaints, thought problems and externalizing problems. The comparison of the caregivers' profiles indicated that the choice of the type of service for the child was related to maternal variables, since mothers with greater adversity levels and depression choose drug treatment. This highlights the importance of simultaneously care for mother and child and proposals to ensure demand and adherence to psychological treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Gerais: Revista Interinstitucional de Psicologia is the property of Gerais: Revista Interinstitucional de Psicologia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The paper takes as its point of departure a particular photography book, The First Picture Book: Everyday Things for Babies, first published in 1930 and aimed at young children. The book’s origins can be traced back to a collaboration between Edward Steichen, his daughter Mary Steichen Calderone, and the Bureau of Educational Experiments. Founded in New York in 1916, the latter focused its work on developmental child psychology and progressive educational practices. The paper analyses how the materiality of things and artefacts, sensory vision, and science-based concepts of child development were forming a conceptual alliance with photography as a mode of ‘objective’ display. In addition, it explores how photographic techniques became a tool to foster new ways of seeing within the domain of education while at the same time aiming at societal transformation.

Breve revisão bibliográfica acerca da usual concepção de que crianças adotivas comumente possuem dificuldades de aprendizagem escolar. Investigações sobre o processo de construção de dificuldades de aprendizagem em crianças adotivas são praticamente inexistentes na produção científica brasileira e internacional. Algumas poucas pesquisas fazem referência direta aos problemas de aprendizagem desses sujeitos, relacionando o sintoma com o curto ou longo tempo de institucionalização por eles vivenciado. Já a literatura psicopedagógica aponta alguns sintomas apresentados por essas crianças, os quais teriam influência sobre a sua não aprendizagem, tais como: dificuldades na estruturação egóica, baixa autoestima, rebaixamento intelectual associado a problemas de comportamento, hiperatividade, desatenção. Todavia, esses problemas não são descritos em quantidade e/ou profundidade, de sorte que sobre a questão há uma escassez, um vácuo, o que indica a necessidade de realização de estudos específicos que tornem visíveis tanto o número de ocorrências das dificuldades de aprendizagem entre adotados quanto os aspectos que contribuem para a constituição (ou não) de tais sintomas.The objective of this work is to present the results of a brief bibliographic review concerning the common idea that adopted children often experience difficulties in school learning. Studies of how difficulties in learning arise in adopted children are quite scarce both in Brazil and internationally. Some of the few researches found make direct reference to the problems in learning for these children - usually relating these difficulties to the length of time children are in institutions. The literature in educational psychology has previously identified some symptoms associated with adoption - for example, problems in ego strength, low self-esteem, reduced intellectual functioning associated with behavioral problems, hyperactivity, and deficits in attention. However, these problems are not described with either depth or reliability. This suggests that there is a shortage, a vacuum of knowledge, requiring the execution of specific studies, which might make visible the actual magnitude of learning difficulties among adopted children and as well illuminate the factors that contribute (or that do not contribute) to these symptoms.

Winnicott was one of the main theorists of psychoanalysis that stressed human communicability from the “mirroring function” and mutuality in the mother-infant relationship. The objective of this paper is to analyze the importance of mirroring at mental health of baby through a “triple helix narcissistic” that emphasizes continuous reciprocity at mother look to her baby and from baby to his mother, while both enjoying an experience of mutuality. These experiences can be observed when the mother feed the baby or through games and play with the maternal environment. To corroborate this thought, the author presents a clinical vignette showing the mirroring function during feeding of a child with congenital malformation of the esophagus, by your doctor and its relationship to develop the communication. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

OBJETIVO: Apresentar estratégias e resultados da adaptação transcultural de uma escala de violência psicológica, para ser utilizada em amostras brasileiras. MÉTODOS: A escala de violência, originalmente no idioma inglês e traduzida para o português foi aplicada em 266 adolescentes escolares. A amostra incluiu estudantes das sétimas e oitavas séries do ensino fundamental e primeiro e segundo ano do ensino médio das redes pública e privada do município de São Gonçalo, Estado do Rio de Janeiro. Vários tipos de equivalências foram investigados, sendo a semântica avaliada quanto ao significado referencial e geral de cada item; a de mensuração foi apreciada por meio de propriedades psicométricas (confiabilidade teste-reteste, validade de constructo, consistência interna e análise fatorial. Para avaliar a confiabilidade foi utilizada a estatística do Kappa e o coeficiente de correlação intraclasse, e o coeficiente de Pearson para apreciação da validade de constructo. RESULTADOS: Os pontos de discussões teórico-conceituais foram considerados adequados no que se refere às equivalências conceitual e de itens. A equivalência semântica obteve percentual superior a 60% na avaliação do significado referencial e geral dos itens. O alfa de Cronbach encontrado foi de 0,94; a concordância do índice de Kappa foi discreta, coeficiente de correlação intraclasse de 0,82 e a análise fatorial apresentou estrutura de fator com grau de explicação de 43,5% da variância. Quanto à validade de constructo, a escala de violência psicológica apresentou correlação negativa significativa com auto-estima e apoio social, e correlação positiva com a violência cometida pelo pai e pela mãe. CONCLUSÕES: Os resultados obtidos indicam a aplicabilidade do instrumento na população adolescente brasileira.OBJECTIVE: To present strategies and results of a cross-cultural adaptation of a psychological violence scale to be used in Brazilian studies. METHODS: The scale of violence, a translated version in Portuguese of the original in English, was applied to a sample of 266 7th and 8th grade and junior high school students of public and private schools of the municipality of São Gonçalo, Southeastern Brazil. Several types of equivalences were investigated. The semantic equivalence was evaluated in the referential and general meaning of each item. The measurement equivalence was assessed through psychometric properties such as test and retest reliability, construct validity, internal consistency and factorial analysis. Reliability was measured by Kappa and intraclass correlation coefficients and construct validity was evaluated by Pearson's coefficient. RESULTS: The theoretical-conceptual discussions were deemed adequate concerning conceptual and items equivalences. The semantic equivalence was above 60 percentile in the evaluation of the referential and general item meaning. Cronbach's alpha was 0.94, Kappa index agreement was discreet, intraclass correlation coefficient was 0.82 and the factorial analysis with one factor structure had a degree of explanation of 43.5% variance. Construct validity showed significant negative correlation with self-esteem, social support, and a positive correlation with parent violence. CONCLUSIONS: The study results indicate the applicability of the instrument in the Brazilian teenager population.

Este artigo destaca algumas influências culturais-econômicas-históricas que podem ser observadas ao longo da estruturação do campo de estudo da psicologia da infância. Algumas necessidades sociais, como o problema da mortalidade infantil, fracasso escolar e desajustamentos culturais devido a guerras e imigrações, demandaram a oferta de serviços e profissionalização, no intuito de oferecer orientações a respeito da criação e educação das crianças. A dispersão e diversidade de abordagens e teorias existentes hoje na psicologia da infância podem ser melhor compreendidas ao serem contextualizadas nos seus respectivos berços socioculturais.This paper highlights some historical, economic and cultural influences that can be observed along the structuring of the field of Child Psychology. Some social needs, such as the problem of the infantile mortality, school failure and cultural adjustments problems due to wars and immigration, demanded the offer of services and professionalization, in order to offer guidances regarding the upbringing and the education of children. The approaches and theories existing today in Child Psychology, characterized by dispersal and diversity, can be better understood if inserted in their respective socio-cultural birthplace.

The way parents interact with their children influence in the psychic constitution of these and consequently focus on how the individual relates with themselves and others. To be a relevant issue for professionals, who work with psychoanalysis, needs to be deepened. The aim of this study is to deepen the movie "We need to talk about Kevin", focusing on the character Kevin and his childhood, from a psychodynamic understanding. It`s a qualitative research with a case study design. It tells the story of Eva and Franklin that are waiting for a son, Kevin, but he was unplanned. He was a rejected child since the pregnancy, deprived of affection for the mother and received no limits of his father. In this way, during his childhood he grows into a troubled, hostile and confrontational atmosphere that intensifies since the birth of his sister, Celia. It was observed that Eva was not able to be a 'good-enough mother' and Franklin denied the difficulty that had to relate to the child, not by imposing limits. Thus, it`s necessary an early psychoanalytic intervention parent-infant at the beginning of his life, where the couple can learn to deal with their difficulties and develop a healthy relationship. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Child psychotherapy engages constantly in the process of constituting. Together with the theoretical principles, it is necessary that child psychotherapists are in persistent dialogue with theirs means of interaction, make out and report knowledge about the practice in child clinic. In such mean, the present article aims to bring new questionings about child clinic, grounded in Psychoanalysis and Social Historical Psychology handled by the authors in a social clinic at a university. The group was constituted of four boys, in the age of six to nine years-old, chosen with distinct demands. From the reflections emerged from the psychotherapists' experiences with the children, it was possible to observe how the group listening demanded to consider the constant subjectivities encounters and conflicts. Therefore, the children could experience these encounters with the psychic development of the others in a way to elaborate their own processes. Is is weighty to say that psychotherapists intend to put together a specific listening in theirs practice in a way to enable a listening to each child in her subjectivity and to the group as a subject too, emerged of the relations among the members and of the relations of these members of the psychotherapists. In this way, this work considers relevant than group child clinic presented here was grounded of the comprehension of the child and the infantile, of the psychotherapist's acting together with the members of the group and of the questionings inherent to the psychotherapeutic process. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Anxiety disorders are the most prevalent among children and adolescents of school age, affecting 4-25% of this population. Universal prevention programs can strengthen protective factors and minimize risk factors, decreasing the demand for treatment for this disorder in the future. The purpose of this article was to systematically review studies based on evidence of universal prevention programs for anxiety in childhood and adolescence produced between 1985 and 2012. The search was performed by two independent researchers, at Bireme and PsycINFO, with the following keywords in combination "prevention", "anxiety", "universal", "childhood" and "adolescence", and its english equivalents. We found 197 studies and 12 met the inclusion criteria. The review shows, on the one hand, considerable progress in the international production of scientific knowledge about these interventions, but on the other, shows an important gap in national polls, as evidenced the lack of Brazilian studies on the theme. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Copyright of Educacao & Sociedade is the property of Centro de Estudos de Educacao e Sociedade and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Educacao & Sociedade is the property of Centro de Estudos de Educacao e Sociedade and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In order to contribute to the understanding of subjective well-being and to the enhancement of assessment processes of subjective quality of life during childhood, this study aimed at investigating the concept of happiness in children. Two-hundred children (52.5% girls) from 5 to 12 years-old, students in public or private schools in Porto Alegre, Brazil, participated in this research. Children responded individually to what came to their mind with the word happiness and to how they define happiness. Answers went through content analysis, and comparisons were made for sex, public or private school, and age range. The most mentioned contents were positive feelings, leisure, and friends. Girls highlighted positive feelings in happiness, whilst boys referred more to leisure. Conducting research studies from the children's own point of view enables more adequate assessment of children's life satisfaction and subjective well-being, as well as the development of more effective intervention programs [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]