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This study analyzed the impact of leachate from a temporary landfill on soil microbial diversity in Tingo María, Huánuco region, Peru. Three treatments were used: untreated soil (S), addition of stream water (T0), leachate (T1), and leachate treated by coagulation and flocculation (T2), with 828.5 ml/week added in three weekly doses. Soil samples were collected from the Reserved Forest of the Universidad Nacional Agraria de la Selva. Twenty-one randomly distributed soil samples were taken and homogenized for analysis. Soil quality parameters measured included sand, clay, silt, texture, pH, organic matter, nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium. As for microorganisms, viable aerobes, lactobacilli, actinomycetes, fungi, nitrogen-fixing bacteria, and Escherichia coli were quantified using specific culture and counting methods for each of them. To evaluate the impact of the leachate on microbial diversity, equity indices (Shannon and inverse Simpson), dominance indices (complementary Simpson and Berger Parker) and the percentage composition of each microorganism per treatment were used. An ANOVA was performed to estimate differences in microbial diversity, with a Tukey test at a significance level of α = 0.05. The study showed that leachates affect soil microbial diversity, reducing equity and increasing the dominance of certain species such as E. coli. They also alter physicochemical parameters, decreasing organic matter and nitrogen but increasing other elements such as phosphorus and potassium. This could have implications for soil health and functionality.

Abstract The final consolidation of southwestern Gondwana during the Ediacaran–Cambrian resulted in the formation of a large landmass originally surrounded by the newborn Panthalassic Ocean. The Río de la Plata Craton is one of the last pieces that complete the geotectonic puzzle along the austral part of this supercontinent. However, the sedimentary record corresponding to the interval between the consolidation of SW Gondwana until the initial deposition in a large Ordovician cratonic basin is apparently missing. In this context, the Ediacaran–Cambrian epiclastic shallow-marine ramp of the Cerro Negro Formation, the uppermost unit of La Providencia Group, Tandilia System, is envisaged as the first known stratigraphic record of the hidden pericratonic basins of Gondwana. Geochronological and provenance data, coupled with robust stratigraphic and sedimentologic background, support that this unit keeps more tectono-sedimentary affinity with the Ordovician Balcarce Formation than the Neoproterozoic Sierras Bayas Group. The presence of similar Neoproterozoic source areas for both units, the absence of any metamorphism and deformation related to the Brasiliano cycle, and shallow marine deposition strongly suggest that the paleogeography and physiography of the original southernmost continental platform of Gondwana were similar to the Ordovician ones. Thus, the Cerro Negro Formation appears as the missing link between the ultimate stages of the Brasiliano Orogenic Cycle and the final stabilization of the continental platform from the SW part of Gondwana.

La filología ha sido más a menudo irrelevante que controvertida dentro de los debates críticos dominantes. Con la expansión de las tecnologías eléctricas y la fragmentación de las disciplinas nacionalistas que primero nutrieron la filología, su desaparición puede parecer más segura que nunca. De hecho, Roberta Frank ha señalado que algunos diccionarios declaran audazmente que la palabra ya no está en uso. Parece que muchos se han tomado a pecho el consejo de René Wellek de "abandonar" la filología. Frank, sin embargo, sigue preguntándose por el futuro y concluye con una pregunta que me ha interesado desde que me enfrenté por primera vez a la perspectiva de impartir un curso de postgrado en filología (tradicionalmente un curso técnico para especialistas en estudios medievales) para estudiantes interesados principalmente en las literaturas modernas: "¿Tiene la filología, retrógrada hasta la médula, un tiempo futuro? "1 Mis experiencias con "Introducción a la filología románica" me llevaron a formular la pregunta en términos propios de los debates críticos actuales: ¿puede la filología alcanzar el siguiente "post" junto con lo "moderno" y lo "colonial"? ¿Cómo puede una disciplina dedicada a las metanarrativas sobre el lenguaje hacer frente a las críticas sobre la unidad tanto del lenguaje como de la subjetividad? ¿Y cómo puede una disciplina fomentada en medio de los colonialismos europeos del siglo XIX enfrentarse a las críticas de esa historia y sus legados? Abstract Philology has been more often irrelevant than controversial within mainstream critical debates. With the expansion of electric technologies and the fragmentation of the nationalist disciplines that first nurtured philology, its demise may seem more certain than ever. Indeed, Roberta Frank has pointed out that some dictionaries boldly declare that the word is no longer in use. Many, it would seem, have taken to heart René Wellek’s advice “to abandon” philology altogether. Frank, however, still wonders about the future and concludes with a question that has interested me since I first faced the prospect of teaching a graduate course in philology (traditionally a technical course for specialists in medieval studies) for students primarily interested in modern literatures: “Does Philology, backward looking to her core, have a future tense?”1 My experiences with “Introduction to Romance Philology” led me to formulate the question in terms specific to current critical debates: can philology reach the next “post” along with the “modern” and the “colonial”? How can a discipline devoted to meta-narratives about language cope with critiques of the unity of both language and subjectivity? And how can a discipline fostered in the midst of nineteenth-century European colonialisms engage critiques of that history and its legacies? DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.10433410

O presente estudo objetivou traduzir e adaptar transculturalmente o instrumento Jefferson Scale of Patient Perceptions of Physician Empathy para a língua portuguesa do Brasil e para o uso na relação docente-discente. Foram utilizadas seis etapas para o desenvolvimento da adaptação cultural: Tradução Inicial; Síntese das Traduções; Retrotradução; Comitê de Especialistas; Pré-teste; Envio da Documentação aos Desenvolvedores. O pré-teste envolveu 40 participantes, estudantes dos cursos de graduação, que avaliaram o instrumento pré-final com relação a clareza e adequação. Os resultados mostraram que os participantes consideraram todos os itens claros e adequados. O desenvolvedor aprovou a versão final. Concluiu-se que a tradução e adaptação transcultural do Jefferson Scale of Patient Perceptions of Physician Empathy para o uso na relação docente-discente apresentou adequadas equivalências, resultando na estruturação do instrumento “Escala Jefferson das Percepções do Estudante sobre a Empatia do Professor”.

As part of the move to reduce SO2 in wines, the empirical use of chitosan to eliminate the spoilage yeast Brettanomyces bruxellensis is becoming a frequent alternative. Chitosan treatment has an effect on a number of microbial species, at least temporarily, but there is wide variability in response within strains of each species. In addition, the effectiveness of chitosan also depends on the physical and chemical parameters of the wine. However, when chitosan treatment is effective, it appears to be long-lasting.

Abstract The terminal Ediacaran fossil record includes microbial mats and body fossils characterized by simple morphologies, which represents a challenge to understand several aspects related to the paleoecology of the emerging complex life. The marine siliciclastic deposits of the Cerro Negro Formation (~560–550 Ma) contain evidence of different styles of microbially induced sedimentary structures (MISS) and discoidal forms associated with them. Different types of MISS, such as Kinneyia and wrinkle structures, elephant skin, and Arumberia, are reported and related to shallow marine depositional environments. These morphologies are commonly associated with the high quality of preservation of body fossils in Ediacaran deposits. The preservation of Aspidella discoidal holdfast is related to biotic and abiotic processes involving substrate sealing by microbial mats, fluidization, and probably organic matter decay. Both abiotic factors (tidal currents and waves, added to liquefaction and sand injection) and biotic factors (substrate biostabilization by microbial mats favoring sediment cohesion) are considered the main ones responsible for the preservation style in the Cerro Negro Formation. This formation constitutes a remarkable example in SW-Gondwana of how preservation dynamics took place on a seabed sealed by microbial mats and is an important deposit conserving diverse Ediacaran forms of life in South America.

Abstract Objective The study aimed to characterize the clinical, histological, and immunohistochemical profile of women with invasive breast cancer, according to the risk for Hereditary Predisposition Breast and Ovarian Cancer Syndrome in a Brazilian population. Methods This is a retrospective study performed from a hospital-based cohort of 522 women, diagnosed with breast cancer treated at an oncology referral center in the Southeast region of Brazil, between 2014 and 2016. Results Among the 430 women diagnosed with invasive breast cancer who composed the study population, 127 (29.5%) were classified as at increased risk for hereditary predisposition to breast and ovarian cancer syndrome. There was a lower level of education in patients at increased risk (34.6%) when compared with those at usual risk (46.0%). Regarding tumor characteristics, women at increased risk had higher percentages of the disease diagnosed at an advanced stage (32.3%), and with tumors > 2cm (63.0%), with increased prevalence for both characteristics, when compared with those at usual risk. Furthermore, we found higher percentages of HG3 (43.3%) and Ki-67 ≥ 25% (64.6%) in women at increased risk, with prevalence being about twice as high in this group. The presence of triple-negative tumors was observed as 25.2% in women at increased risk and 6.0% in women at usual risk, with the prevalence of absence of biomarkers being 2.5 times higher among women in the increased risk group. Conclusion From the clinical criteria routinely used in the diagnosis of breast cancer, the care practice of genetic counseling for patients at increased risk of hereditary breast cancer in contexts such as Brazil is still scarce.

Esta lição introduz métricas de rede e como tirar conclusões das mesmas quando se trabalha com dados de Humanidades. O leitor aprenderá como usar o pacote NetworkX do Python para produzir e trabalhar com estas estatísticas de rede.

La première est spécialiste d’histoire de la littérature et du livre au Québec, le second est sociologue. Tous deux ont uni leurs forces et leurs expertises pour examiner l’histoire d’un objet qui leur tient à cœur : le roman sentimental, tel qu’il s’est développé au Québec. Dans un ouvrage fouillé paru aux Presses de l’Université de Montréal et écrit à quatre mains par deux chercheurs issus de disciplines qui n’ont pas pour habitude de collaborer avec ce degré d’étroitesse, ils conjuguent leurs analyses pour rendre compte de cette production médiatique qui en dit long sur les évolutions non seulement d’un secteur – le roman relatant des amours contrariées qui, pourtant, finissent par triompher –, mais plus largement d’une société et de ses transformations depuis le XIXe siècle. Ils s’entretiennent ici avec Gilke Geerearts et David Martens de la teneur de leur travail ainsi que de la nature de leur démarche collaborative.

Poniendo en práctica el método deleuziano del discurso indirecto, este escrito busca establecer una confrontación recíproca entre Deleuze y Husserl. En la primera parte se investiga la teoría del sentido de Deleuze en la Serie catorce de Lógica del sentido. El tema allí es la comprensión husserliana del nóema, la cual anuncia la paradoja del sentido como entidad no-existente, cuya naturaleza anárquica y ambigua desafía toda oposición tradicional (por ejemplo, la oposición sujeto-objeto) y motiva la “superación” de la ontología por el pensamiento trascendental. El autor explica cómo la crítica deleuziana de la concepción del nóema de Husserl busca pensar el sentido como un evento prioritario en relación con la estructura noético- noemática de la intencionalidad. Esto requiere, por su parte, liberar al evento de sentido de la conciencia y pensarlo como un campo trascendental que no tiene la forma de una conciencia personal sintética o de una identidad subjetiva. La segunda parte del artículo está dedicada a un análisis de los Manuscritos de Bernau de Husserl con lo que se intenta mostrar cómo la hipótesis deleuziana sobre el campo trascendental ya está puesta en práctica en las reflexiones de Husserl sobre la conciencia temporal.

Over a decade ago, a number of philosophers declared that the time of what they called “the linguistic turn,” that is, a philosophical orientation to language as the sole medium through which reality could be apprehended, had come to an end, having foundered on its own contradictions. In its place, they proposed a turn to objects or things, that is, that to which we were previously told we could gain access only through language or consciousness, insofar as they reflected or represented reality from a position outside of it. Thus, they established the materiality of objects, but at the expense of a dematerialization of language. One of the principal targets of the new materialism was the concept of ideology, to them a realm of ideas, not things. In his famous essay, “Ideology and Ideological State Apparatuses,” published in 1970, Althusser preempted the arguments of the new materialism by asserting that ideology does not consist of ideas but exists in the materiality of apparatuses, practices and rituals. Just as importantly, discourse too possessed a materiality and a reality which was the necessary condition of its functions, including the production of meaning.

Partindo da variação processual da comunicação constatada no mundo da vida e valorizando a decorrente diversificação de pesquisas e teorias, este artigo propõe uma perspectiva de conhecimento em uma linha de epistemologia evolutiva, com uma abrangência que supera a dispersão sem prejuízo da variedade de problemas, de objetos de observação e de objetivos de investigação. A perspectiva assume a capacidade de diversificação da espécie humana como um desafio comunicacional e propõe uma linha de conexão entre esse desafio abrangente e a pluralidade de urgências interacionais que ocorrem no ambiente social. Ademais, o artigo desenvolve a metodologia de pesquisa pertinente e prevê a realização de pesquisas empíricas para testar a perspectiva.

Abstract Drawing on a network of transnational activists, this paper argues that a new type of regional network internationalism has emerged in Sub-Saharan Africa. Initiated by the Global Labour University (GLU), through a short two-month residential course called Engage, it has been able over the last seven years to develop the skills for a new type of union organiser, one who understands the global context, but is rooted in their local community. This network works at forging links of solidarity across national borders and regional frontiers. Their solidarity work aims at sharing knowledge and experience between activists and worker organisations and the development of meetings and campaigns to strategize and put into action these new forms of transnational solidarity.

Nossas democracias estão enfrentando desafios profundos, desde os sistemas econômicos que estão afetando muitos cidadãos, até questões globais de meio ambiente, segurança e migração que cruzam as fronteiras nacionais. As eleições estão cada vez mais falhando na promoção de governos com capacidades suficientes para enfrentar esses desafios, ampliando a insatisfação de amplos segmentos de cidadãos, o déficit de nossos sistemas de representação, e o eleitorado de populistas autoritários. Podemos complementar as democracias representativas eleitorais com inovações que respondam a esses déficits democráticos? Embora a democracia eleitoral esteja sendo crescentemente desafiada, a “democracia” não está em crise. Na maioria dos países, os valores democráticos são fortes e estão se consolidando. Precisamos pensar sobre as inovações democráticas sistematicamente, em termos dos tipos de valores que elas capturam e das deficiências de desempenho que poderão enfrentar. Ao fazermos isso, podemos refinar uma agenda para o campo das inovações democráticas focada no projeto democrático, para além das instituições legadas da democracia eleitoral.

O artigo apresenta uma percepção sobre o perfil do conhecimento comunicacional, entre uma preocupação com teorias gerais e a posição interdisciplinarista, assinalando limites das duas possibilidades. Propõe, como alternativa, uma analítica voltada para a descoberta de características do complexo fenômeno comunicacional. Reconhece o risco, nessa posição, de manutenção da atual dispersão de abordagens. A proposta para superar essa dispersão é o desenvolvimento, a partir da visada analítica, de teorias intermediárias da comunicação. Discute os cuidados necessários para a eficácia epistemológica dessa produção. Em conclusão, sistematiza aspectos da estratégia através de quatro movimentos em uma dinâmica integrada.

Publié par les Éditions Police-Journal de 1943 à 1957, le magazine Histoires vraies semble d’abord servir à publiciser les romans sentimentaux produits hebdomadairement par le même éditeur. Cependant, un examen approfondi donne à voir des échanges plus complexes. Une question centrale traverse cet article : quel pacte de lecture engagent les récits, supposément véridiques, de la revue Histoires vraies ? Nous avançons l’hypothèse que le magazine Histoires vraies, en conformité avec les attentes du lectorat populaire, brouille les frontières des genres. C’est ainsi qu’aux enquêtes auprès du lectorat populaire qui démontrent que celui-ci recherche, dans la fiction, une certaine « vérité fictionnelle », répond une analyse d’Histoires vraies qui témoigne, dans l’autre sens, de la quête d’un imaginaire amoureux constituant les fondements de toute une « culture du sentimental ».

Abstract The influence of microbial communities upon sedimentary dynamics is an issue of increasing significance. Over the last decades, studies have revealed a particular class of sedimentary structures and textures produced by the interaction among distinct flows, marine substrate, and benthic microbial communities. We present evidence of the oldest record of microbially-induced sedimentary structures (MISS) in South America, as recorded in low-grade metasedimentary rocks of the Early Mesoproterozoic (∼1536 ± 33 Ma) Tiradentes Formation, state of Minas Gerais, SW Brazil. Types 1, 2, and 3 correspond to wrinkle, pustular, and dome structures related to flat or rippled bed surfaces, preserved in metasandstone deposited in shallow marine settings. Evidence supporting the microbial origin of these structures includes delicate morphology, degree of alignment, presence of original mat cover, and orientation of quartz grains indicating biostabilization. The presence of distinct MISS associated with well-preserved ripple marks, wrinkled surfaces, and flatbeds suggests deposition under varied energy conditions with different potentials for the preservation of surficial structures. Vertical growth of microbial communities influences sediment cohesion and stability. This reduces substrate roughness and, as a consequence, wave and current shear, thereby increasing the preservation potential of bedforms and delicate features of their bedding surfaces.

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Abstract This paper provides a structural and historical overview of the kinship of a group of Tupi-Guarani-speaking hunter-gatherers, the Ache (Guayaki) of eastern Paraguay. I begin by considering the distinguishing features of Ache kin terminology, describing its characteristic tension between the dimensions of generation and crossness, before considering arguments for historical transformations offered for similar cases in lowland South America. The Ache case shows that the “Hawaiianization” of terms in ego’s generation does not necessarily entail an inward-looking endogamy, as some anthropologists (Dole, 1969; Wagley, 1977) have argued. By describing the network of Ache foraging bands as a residence-based form of kin organization, I show that “Hawaiianization” is not only perfectly compatible with the creation of alliances over considerable distances (Asch, 1998; Ives, 1998; Hornborg, 1998), but that “Hawaiianization” and distant marriage actually work together in the production of band alliances. At various points I highlight semantic, ethnographic, and historical data which, despite lying outside the scope of the phylogenetic analysis undertaken in other contributions to this issue, may nonetheless bear on some of its claims.

Abstract In a survey mucoralean fungi in the Brejo da Serra do Benedito, a fragment of Upland Forest in the semi-arid region of Pernambuco, Brazil, a specimen of Backusella gigacellularis was isolated. So far, B. gigacellularis (holotype) had only been isolated from soil in the Cerrado domain, in São Paulo state, southeastern Brazil. This is the second report of B. gigacellularis worldwide, and the first record to northeastern Brazil. A detailed description, as well as the illustration of the specimen, are presented.

Abstract The Aptian Crato Formation is world renowned for its well-preserved fossils in microbially-induced laminated limestones, which are regarded as one of the main Cretaceous Konservat-Lagerstätte of the geological record. Detailed stratigraphic investigation and mapping of the up to 90-m-thick Crato Formation at the eastern border of the Araripe Plateau allowed recognition of a regionally persistent fossil-bearing muddy interval, herein defined as the Caldas Bed. At its type locality, it is defined as an up to 2-m-thick coarsening-upward succession of grey/green mudstone and interbedded sandy siltstone and claystone. The 0.85- to 2-m-thick interval was recognized in several localities along the outcrop belt, and it is bounded by sharp, lower (Konservat-Lagerstätte limestone) and upper (sandstone and heterolithic facies) contacts. Despite previous literature data suggesting the presence of marine mollusks, the bed contains freshwater bivalves, small gastropods, spinicaudatans, plant remains, trace fossils, and rare ostracods. The Caldas Bed records benthic paleocommunities representing a short-term isochronous regional freshening event, marked by abrupt changes in sedimentation pattern, bathymetry, salinity, oxygenation and water chemistry.

Abstract Fracturing analysis of low-permeability rocks as reservoir analogs have increased in recent years. The main mechanism involved in the development of secondary porosity in low-permeability, fine-grained limestones of the Irati Formation is fracturing. In these rocks, oil accumulates along fracture planes, vuggy porosity, microfractures, breccias, as well as bedding discontinuities. Joints represent the central element for oil migration and the connection between accumulation sites. Joints are unevenly distributed across the succession of rock types, where carbonate rocks have a much denser array of joints than shales and siltstones. From a mechanical stratigraphy point of view, limestones have a brittle behavior and constitute mechanical units. Ductile shale and siltstone are mechanical interfaces capable of blocking joint propagation. Joints running NW-SE are more effective in trespassing the mechanical interface and are, therefore, more persistent. Joints running NE-SW are less persistent because the ductile behavior of the first two shale beds above the limestone blocks their propagation. The spatial arrangement of regional NW-SE and NE-SW joints promoted reservoir connection, allowing oil migration and accumulation. The joints and oil migration (at least three phases) developed as a consequence of the Gondwana Breakup and are also associated with local pressure gradients.

Abstract Soft-sediment deformation (SSD) structures are widespread in the sedimentary record, and numerous triggering mechanisms can induce its development, including glaciation, earthquakes, overloading, ground-water fluctuations, and wave movement. The Late Cretaceous Uberaba Formation preserves SSD structures as small- and large-scale load casts and associated flame structures, pseudonodules, and convolute laminations observed in the contact of three well-defined intervals among fine- to coarse-grained lithic and conglomeratic sandstone with fine-grained arkose and mudstone beds. Based on the morphology of the SSD structures, sedimentary facies of the Uberaba Formation, and similarities with previous observations in the geological record and laboratory models, these features are assigned to liquefaction-fluidization processes as the major deformational mechanism triggered by seismic and aseismic agents. We propose that a deformation occurred just after the sedimentation triggered by seismic shock waves and overloading, induced by the sudden deposition of coarse-grained sandy debris on fine-grained sediments. Some of these structures can be classified as seismites, providing evidence of intraplate seismicity within the inner part of the South American Platform during the Late Cretaceous. This seismic activity is likely related to the uplift of the Alto Paranaíba High along reactivations of regional structures inherited from Proterozoic crustal discontinuities and coeval explosive magmatism of the Minas-Goiás Alkaline Province.

L’expérience coloniale de Joseph Bédier joue un rôle fondamental dans sa conception du Moyen Âge. Bédier importe certaines idées sur la chevalerie de son héritage créole à l’Île de la Réunion : responsabilités sociales de l’aristocratie, primauté de la pureté raciale, et inspiration poétique d’un amour impossible. Étant donné l’influence durable des théories de Bédier, la chevalerie créole reste pertinente au vingt-et-unième siècle.

The seminal study of race and Brazilian cinema is Robert Stam’s “Tropical Multiculturalism”. Since the publication of this groundbreaking book in 1997, there has been remarkably little effort by Brazilian film scholars or critics to deepen and build upon Stam’s central claims or extend his analysis to the 21st century. In this article I hope to reverse this trend and invigorate more discussion and study of racial politics and Brazilian film. To this end, I detail the ways that Brazilian cinema continues to be complicit with white supremacy, highlight and analyze some of the most notable antiracist Brazilian films that have been produced in recent years, and underscore what is at stake for Brazilian society if cultural workers, such as filmmakers, do not reverse course and begin taking on racism in a much more intentional and sustained way. Keywords: Robert Stam. Multiculturalism. Brazilian cinema. Antiracism.

Mark Lunney, A History of Australian Tort Law 1901–1945. England’s Obedient Servant? Cambridge: Cambridge University Press 2018, XXIV + 286 p., ISBN 978-1-108-42331-1

Os depósitos conglomeráticos situados nos arredores do distrito de Laras, São Paulo, capeiam colinas amplas de topo aplainado com altitudes entre 500 e 570 m. Ocorrem em discordância sobre as formações Piramboia e Teresina da Bacia do Paraná. São constituídos de fácies de ortoconglomerados polimíticos com matriz arenosa, mal selecionada. A análise de proveniência realizada evidenciou o predomínio de clastos de silexito, quartzito e quartzo de veio, bem arredondados e oblatos, sugerindo longo transporte. A análise estatística revelou maior frequência de litotipos resistentes ao transporte na porção sudeste da área. Na porção noroeste predominam clastos menos resistentes, representados por oólito e coquina, sugerindo erosão da Formação Teresina e transporte curto a partir de terrenos paleozoicos existentes na Depressão Periférica Paulista. Dados de Luminescência Opticamente Estimulada (OSL) possibilitaram conferir idade mínima de 371.4 ± 27.5 ka para a unidade. Os depósitos conglomeráticos são interpretados como produto de deposição em canais fluviais tributários de grande porte, ou mesmo de um canal tronco principal, de um extenso sistema deposicional fluvial com paleomergulho deposicional para sudoeste do Estado de São Paulo. Esse sistema fluvial antecessor do atual Rio Tietê, com proveniência de nordeste, tinha área de drenagem em terrenos pré-cambrianos situados ao leste da área de ocorrências das unidades paleozoicas. Devido à localização e ao porte, os depósitos descritos registram importante fase de agradação fluvial na história geológica do Rio Tietê, evento de sedimentação ocorrido durante o longo processo de denudação que deu origem à Depressão Periférica Paulista durante o Cenozoico.

Abstract Sedimentologic and stratigraphic studies of paleo-deserts from the Brazilian Cretaceous are of great potential to understand the paleoclimate and paleogeography of Gondwana during its final rifting stage. Herein, we describe and discuss two depositional units characterized by two distinct eolian systems that are bounded by a long-lived unconformity. The Lower Unit (Barremian/Aptian) encompasses a wet eolian system composed of dune, interdunes, and ephemeral alluvial deposits. A continuous paleosol horizon in the upper part of the Lower Unit records dune stabilization and end of eolian accumulation, in a period of climate amelioration possibly in the late Aptian. The stratigraphic gap proposed for the unconformity (Cenomanian to Coniacian) coincides with the Cretaceous Thermal Maximum. The Upper Unit (Santonian?/Campanian) comprises dune fields of a dry eolian system capped by the Mata da Corda volcanic rocks. Cross stratification dip directions from both eolian systems shows transport towards SSW. Paleo-winds coming from the northeast quadrant reveal that the continental breakup and drifting had little influence on the surface winds in this Gondwana sector. The Upper Cretaceous paleo-winds are coherent with global paleo-circulation models, based on a high-pressure cell over the South Atlantic proto-ocean, favoring desertification in the inner portion of the southwestern Gondwana.

Abstract: The objective of this work was to evaluate the performance of the operational simplified surface energy balance (SSEBop) model in the estimation of the actual evapotranspiration (ETa) of soybean and bean crops irrigated by a central pivot. The model estimates were obtained from digital images of the Landsat 7 and Landsat 8 satellites, and were compared with the ETa obtained by the Bowen ratio method. The model was evaluated by the refined agreement index (dr), root mean square error (RMSE), and mean bias error (MBE). The model’s performance in the estimation of the ETa was classified by the performance index (Pi). The relationship between the estimates of the model and the Bowen ratio method showed correlation (r=0.94) and agreement (dr=0.82), with a mean square error of 0.62 mm per day and a mean bias error of 0.04 mm per day. The estimate perfomance of the SSEBop model in comparison with the Bowen ratio method, was classified as optimal (Pi=0.77), proving the SSEBop usability and precision to estimate ETa for irrigated crops, such as soybean and bean.

Two long-time scholar-activists reflect on a distinctive approach to research that they call collaborative research for justice, research that is conducted with community leaders and education activists to advance equity and social justice. They argue that by linking research directly with action this kind of research has the power to speak directly to the current crises not only in education, but also in the other institutions of civil society. Drawing on decades of experience in public research universities, local community based organizations, inter/national disciplinary research organizations, and distributed informal networks of engaged scholars, social justice activists, and community leaders, they reflect specifically on the more recent formation of the Urban Research Based Action Network (URBAN), a national network of people enacting a variety of forms of collaborative research for justice, now with more than 1500 members. They outline lessons that might contribute to building the multi-issue movement for educational justice that they believe is required to transform public schools to make them serve the needs of the most disadvantaged, aggrieved, and inequitably treated communities. In its short history URBAN has already impacted the academy through the gatherings and meetings it has hosted as well as through a rigorous publishing agenda, including a special issue of EPAA in which this article appears.

An analytical method to determine tin concentrations in natural samples, by coupling atomic fluorescence spectrometry, hydride generation and flow injection system was developed. The sample digestion procedure and the conditions of hydride generation were fully optimized. The best conditions for the generation of SnH4 were obtained with NaBH4 4% (m v-1) and HCl 0.6 mol L-1. The optimized flow rates were 1.2 mL min-1 for sample, 1.2 mL min-1 for HCl and 1.6 mL min-1 for NaBH4 solution. The sample volume was 500 µL. The best acid volume for digestion of solid samples was stablished to be 3 mL HNO3 + 1 mL HCl. The accuracy of the method was established by the analysis of certified reference materials and by comparative determinations, using inductively coupled optical emission spectrometry. The approach developed was shown to offer a robust method with excellent accuracy and precision for the determination of Sn in environmental samples. Finally, the method was applied to analyse the soil, sediment and water samples, collected in area under anthropogenic activities: processing area of cassiterite in Corumbataí/SP. The obtained data indicated that there was alteration in the natural quality of the environment as a result of the activities developed in that site

Whether or not reason and affect are complementary depends on the task at hand. In ordinary circumstances, problemsolving and decision-making involve both somatic feelings and limbic-structure-based emotions. Feelings, experienced as states of the body, can contribute to decision-making by triggering heuristic cues and rapidly eliminating negative behavioral alternatives, in part by providing what Damasio call somatic markers (Damasio, Tranel and Damasio, 1991; Damasio, 1994, 1999, 2003). However, if task-performance is motivated by potentially large rewards, with high demands on short-term memory and on concentration, the dorsolateral prefrontal cortexcan inhibit affects manifested in the medial prefrontal cortex in order to carry out the necessary cognitive operations. We interpret these two different mental task situations using dual process models. Although experimental evidence from studies of normal subjects and frontal-lobe-damaged patients performing the Iowa Gambling Task has been interpreted as supportive of the somatic-marker hypothesis (SMH), we show that this evidence has been called into question due to faulty study designs. However, studies of normal and psychopathic subjects playing the ultimatum game show that pulse-rate deceleration occurring during the brief period preceding decision-making constitutes a somatic marker. Compared to normal controls, psychopaths show less somatic (electro dermal) activity and act with cool, economic rationality, accepting unfair (

Diante da crescente demanda de água para irrigação e dos constantes eventos de escassez hídrica em vários pontos do globo, faz-se necessário aprimorar as ferramentas de gestão do uso da água. Tendo em vista que a obtenção de dados de campo requer, em muitos casos, uma logística de alto custo, o sensoriamento remoto constitui alternativa para análises de usos consuntivos da água. A partir da utilização de imagens dos satélites Landsat 7, Landsat 8 e Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission, foi estimado o volume de água utilizado por empreendimentos agrícolas na irrigação baseando-se em informações de evapotranspiração e coeficiente de cultura. Os volumes estimados de água utilizada por pivôs centrais na bacia hidrográfica do Alto São Marcos mostraram-se adequados quando comparados com os volumes de retirada de água medidos por hidrômetros (r = 0,92). Dessa forma, foi possível obter informações remotas sobre a irrigação que conferem maior suporte para gestão do uso de recursos hídricos. Este estudo pode, portanto, subsidiar o processo de fiscalização de uso da água em áreas irrigadas, tornando-o mais eficiente.

O texto visa debater sobre o lugar da sociologia política nas divisões institucionais das ciências sociais e questiona se a mesma se configura como uma área temática ou um recorte disciplinar. Discute sobre as dificuldades que a disciplina enfrenta face a especializações paradigmáticas: dos estudos institucionalista-estatais versus os centrados na cultura política, em especial, da sociedade civil. A seguir, trata do papel de alguns constrangimentos operacionais, metodológicos ou paradigmáticos na produção do conhecimento da sociologia política, como o da existência de uma língua franca para o campo científico e o legado da colonialidade no saber, a partir de centros acadêmicos hegemônicos. Por fim, avalia a relevância de uma abordagem temática para a sociologia política que fortalecesse o diálogo entre enfoques institucionalistas e da cultura-política, buscando aprofundar o conhecimento relativo aos dilemas, conflitos e confrontos entre sociedade civil, movimentos sociais e esfera estatal, no Brasil contemporâneo.

This article examines the politics of midwifery and the persecution of untitled female assistants in childbirth in early republican Peru. A close reading of late colonial publications and the works of Benita Paulina Cadeau Fessel, a French obstetriz director of a midwifery school in Lima, demonstrates both trans-Atlantic and local influences in the campaign against untitled midwives. Cadeau Fessel's efforts to promote midwifery built upon debates among writers in Peru's enlightened press, who vilified untrained midwives' and wet nurses' vernacular medical knowledge and associated them with Lima's underclass. One cannot understand the transfer of French knowledge about professional midwifery to Peru without reference to the social, political, and cultural context.

Os sociólogos do conhecimento tentam explicar as crenças dos agentes epistêmicos por meio da posição social destes no interior de uma hierarquia de relações de poder. O artigo propõe um modo alternativo de conceber a posição social dos agentes epistêmicos. Inspirado nas noções durkheimianas de integração social e de densidade social, o autor define a posição social de um agente com base na densidade de suas relações no interior de redes sociais. Para a sociologia do conhecimento científico em particular, são abordadas as relações sociais no interior de redes profissionais de cientistas. Em seguida, verifica-se a aplicabilidade desse conceito de posição social à sociologia do conhecimento em geral.

At the Supreme Court of Victoria, Australia, concepts of judicial performance and evaluation are relatively new. Responding to modern expectations for increased judicial accountability for their performance, Victorian judges have engaged a number of court–led evaluation and measurement tools aimed at improving judicial performance both inside and outside the courtroom. These include the Court Craft judicial education programme, the Report on Government Services performance indicators and the International Framework for Court Excellence. This article discusses how the Supreme Court of Victoria obtained judicial acceptance of the value of these tools in the Australian constitutional and institutional context. It highlights programme design aspects, including the importance of judicial involvement in programme development. En la Corte Suprema de Victoria, Australia, los conceptos de rendimiento y evaluación judicial son relativamente nuevos. En respuesta a las expectativas modernas de una mayor responsabilidad judicial por el desempeño de sus funciones, los jueces de Victoria han integrado un número de herramientas de evaluación y medición dirigidas a mejorar el desempeño judicial, tanto dentro como fuera de la sala. Estas herramientas incluyen el programa de educación judicial Court Craft, los indicadores de rendimiento del Informe sobre Servicios del Gobierno y el Sistema Internacional para la Excelencia de los Tribunales. Este artículo analiza cómo obtuvo la Corte Suprema de Victoria la aceptación judicial del valor de estas herramientas, en el contexto constitucional e institucional de Australia. Se destacan aspectos como el diseño del programa, incluyendo la importancia de la intervención judicial en el desarrollo del programa. DOWNLOAD THIS PAPER FROM SSRN: http://ssrn.com/abstract=2536304

Como distinguir os diferentes tipos de ativismo no Brasil atual a partir de suas formas de organização, formas de atuação pública, seus ideários, propostas ou reivindicações socioculturais e políticas? Tendo em vista este desafio, iniciaremos o artigo criando uma tipologia que nos permite distinguir movimentos sociais históricos de manifestações de rua conjunturais e verificar como e quando os movimentos sociais organizados se expressam politicamente através das manifestações públicas e em que medida as manifestações de rua excedem o espaço discursivo e politicamente estabelecido pelos movimentos sociais. A seguir será examinado se os movimentos sociais organizados vêm sendo impactados pelas manifestações de rua e incorporando ou consolidando demandas transversais em suas agendas políticas.

O presente texto visa a analisar em que medida as manifestações de rua de 2013 no nosso país se diferenciam organizacional e politicamente das grandes manifestações do século XX e como se deu a relação entre movimentos sociais organizados e manifestações nos dois momentos históricos. Tendo em vista a grande quantidade de pautas nas manifestações recentes, que vão do desejo de transformações nos sistemas social, cultural e político a demandas por institucionalização de novos direitos humanos e por políticas públicas mais ampliadas, foram analisados os compartilhamentos e as articulações que produziram alguma unidade ou identificação na política. Concluiu-se que os protestos em relação ao campo institucional da política e às carências no campo dos direitos humanos foram relevantes para uma subjetivação que explicasse a presença compartilhada nas ruas de atores sociais com orientações políticas diversas.

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Estimativas de evapotranspiração obtidas por sensoriamento remoto têm sido utilizadas no balanço hídrico de bacias hidrográficas, definição da recarga de aquíferos e monitoramento de estiagem. Mas limitações existem em aplicações locais, tais como, manejo agrícola e modelagem hidrológica, em virtude da necessidade de uma maior frequência de imageamento ou de uma melhor resolução espacial dos sensores orbitais atualmente disponíveis. No presente artigo é proposto um procedimento para melhorar a resolução das estimativas de evapotranspiração do sensor Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS), de 1 km para 500 metros. Esse procedimento é baseado na desagregação da banda termal do MODIS anteriormente ao cálculo da evapotranspiração. A comparação com o sensor ASTER permite constatar que é possível desagregar as estimativas do MODIS, com erro médio inferior a 25 W m-2 e correlação de 0,95.

The Early Years Generalising Project (EYGP) involves Australian Years 1-4 (age 5-9) students and investigates how they grasp and express generalisations. This paper focuses on data collected from six Year 1 students in an exploratory study within a clinical interview setting that required students to identify function rules. Preliminary findings suggest that the use of gestures (both by students and interviewers), self-talk (by students), and concrete acting out, assisted students to reach generalisations and to begin to express these generalities. It also appears that as students become aware of the structure, their use of gestures and self- talk tended to decrease.El Early Years Generalizing Project (EYGP) implica a estudiantes de primer a cuarto curso de la educación primaria australiana (de 5 a 9 años) e investiga cómo comprenden y expresan las generalizaciones. Este artículo se centra en los datos recogidos de 6 estudiantes de primer curso en un estudio exploratorio con entrevista clínica que requería que los estudiantes identificaran patrones funcionales. Los resultados preliminares sugieren que el uso de los gestos (de estudiantes y entrevistadores), las conversaciones con ellos mismos (de estudiantes), y las actuaciones concretas, ayudaron a los estudiantes a buscar generalizaciones y a comenzar a expresar estas generalidades. También parece que cuando los estudiantes tomaron conciencia de la estructura, el uso de gestos y de las conversaciones con ellos mismos tendió a disminuir.