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Copyright of Revista Foco (Interdisciplinary Studies Journal) is the property of Revista Foco and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Foco (Interdisciplinary Studies Journal) is the property of Revista Foco and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Foco (Interdisciplinary Studies Journal) is the property of Revista Foco and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Foco (Interdisciplinary Studies Journal) is the property of Revista Foco and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Foco (Interdisciplinary Studies Journal) is the property of Revista Foco and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Apotheke is the property of Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Foco (Interdisciplinary Studies Journal) is the property of Revista Foco and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Foco (Interdisciplinary Studies Journal) is the property of Revista Foco and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Foco (Interdisciplinary Studies Journal) is the property of Revista Foco and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Foco (Interdisciplinary Studies Journal) is the property of Revista Foco and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Foco (Interdisciplinary Studies Journal) is the property of Revista Foco and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The article aims to analyze the perception of teachers in the city of Ascurra/SC on the use of textbooks on local history, technologies, transmedia storytelling, and their applicability in teaching the history of Italian colonization in the municipality. Through an action-research, educational training was carried out about technologies and the use of a textbook for 29 teachers, who answered a form with three dimensions: "educator profile", "perception about the textbook" and "technological perceptions and transmedia". Among the main results, it was possible to verify that teachers feel the need to better use technology in education and are interested in deepening their knowledge regarding local history and the use of accessible technologies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Foco (Interdisciplinary Studies Journal) is the property of Revista Foco and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Reflexão & Ação is the property of Universidade de Santa Cruz do Sul and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Hospital Pedagogy is a space for educational action, linked to the fields of education and health, which offers care to hospitalized children, adolescents and/or adults, considering their educational needs and demands. The study presented has an exploratory and documental methodological framework, mediated by the Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO) database and aims at carrying out an analytical survey of the studies published by the digital portal regarding the theme of Hospital Pedagogy. In the exploratory scope, it accessed theoretical-bibliographical contributions of different natures, wove the historicity of hospital pedagogy with emphasis on the Brazilian scenario, identifying the legislation pertinent to the theme and the pedagogical practices that support the pedagogue's performance in the hospital environment. In the documentary scope, the search originated 11 (eleven) scientific articles to be analyzed, published between 2005 and 2022, from which eight are written in Portuguese, one in English and two in Spanish. The survey made it possible to discuss the scientific studies on the theme, to identify its incipience, and to contextualize the need for more studies and research that focus on hospital pedagogy. Furthermore, it demonstrated that the pedagogue's pedagogical action in the hospital context demands essential training preparation, as it goes beyond mediating the teaching-learning process, having a humanizing dimension and aligned with attention to diversity and comprehensive training, which always focuses on care and education. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Foco (Interdisciplinary Studies Journal) is the property of Revista Foco and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Educación y Humanismo is the property of Universidad Simon Bolivar and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Estilos da Clínica is the property of FEUSP - Faculdade de Educacao da USP - Universidade de Sao Paulo and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Experience report aims to describe the planning strategies and development of technology-mediated teaching on adult vaccination in times of Pandemic. This is an experience report on teaching strategies mediated by technologies undertaken in the Fundamentals of Nursing III discipline of the undergraduate course in Nursing at the Fluminense Federal University on vaccination of adults in times of Pandemic. The analysis performed was of the descriptive type. Interactivity in technology-mediated teaching was fundamental for the continuous planning of the virtual environment through the use of tools and applications to the detriment of content carried out in person. This report shows the possibility of seeking interactivity in education mediated by technologies in the following aspects: continuous planning of the contents taught; the teacher as the one who mediates knowledge; combination of face-to-face teaching with technology-mediated teaching. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The justifications presented for the reform of Secondary Education are anchored in half-truths about young people's dissatisfaction with the quality and meaning of this level of basic education for their lives. This article, based on documentation referring to the reform and pertinent literature, analyzes these justifications and demonstrates that their intentions define the responses and conclusions that society must reach. Such justifications are intentionally deprived of specialized scientific analysis on the effective materialization of this last stage of basic education. To consolidate the reformist rhetoric, the silencing of divergent thinking and the support of the media were essential. The reformers did not want to listen to the subjects who experience the school, nor to listen to what young people want from their schools or teachers about their conditions to implement a high quality education that is attractive to young students. Its rhetoric, politically structured from half-truths and the contempt of academic production, intends to promote its public acceptance, effecting setbacks in the offer of Secondary Education in Brazilian public schools. The duality is reaffirmed under the discourse of a new educational structure, a new curriculum, a new role that youth starts to play in defining their life projects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Odeere is the property of Edicoes UESB and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Linhas is the property of Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Praxis & Saber is the property of Universidad Pedagogica y Tecnologica de Colombia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Imagens da Educação is the property of Universidade Estadual de Maringa and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This article analyzes categories operated by bureaucrats when classifying types of users and their effects on the distribution of services, observing contexts of high inequality and universal policies. We analyze how teachers, as street-level bureaucrats, implement the policy by categorizing different types of students. We adopt an analytical lens of cultural schemes, which considers that individuals internalize associations between official and social (informal) categories from their experiences. The analyzed data were collected through vignettes applied to 40 teachers from the municipal education system of São Paulo, Brazil. We analyzed the use of categories through socio-semantic and semantic networks of categorizations and the construction of referral networks. The results show that teachers simultaneously mobilize political and social categories and that the introduction of the variable vulnerability in cases opens space for the introduction of social categories that generate different types of treatment for students with similar behaviors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article aims the study of eugenic thought in education and its relationship with formative principles of Brazilian nationality in the first half of the 20th century. The documental and bibliographical research methodology focuses on the analytical procedure of written press sources. Materials from the Boletim de Eugenía, the publication of the Instituto Brasileiro de Eugenia and the Comissão Central Brasileira de Eugenia, published between January 1929 and June 1933, were consulted. It is considered that the Boletim de Eugenía purposes were driven by a socially and politically well-positioned literate intellectuality, which had as one of its central objectives the pedagogical interposition in school curricula and in teacher training. It is verified that the prerogative of "eugenic education" would be to select and preserve the hereditary requirements of those considered genetically apt and useful to the country, called "well endowed". [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Roteiro is the property of Roteiro and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Práxis Educativa is the property of Revista Praxis Educativa and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista História da Educação is the property of Historia da Educacao and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Even with the increasing technological advances in distance learning, it was not efficient to contain the dropout number. Working with distance education is not simple, requiring a teaching methodology in synergy with navigation tools, simple to be absorbed by students and that will create an interaction between teachers and students who are the major players in education. The objective of the study is to know the main factors that contribute to evasion in distance learning and to present strategies for its control. A mixed, quantitative, and qualitative study was carried out, an online questionnaire for coordinators and teachers to answer to understand what is being done in the fight against dropouts. Bibliographic research and document analysis were also carried out to better understand the investigated object. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Estudos Ibero-Americanos is the property of EDIPUCRS - Editora Universitaria da PUCRS and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Knowing the perceptions of students and teachers on different themes is a fundamental task to provide different interactions in the contemporary education scenario. In Brazil, the theme of racism is a harsh and sad social reality, whose actions have stained the country's history for many years. The main objective of the investigation was to analyze the perceptions of seventh-year students and teachers, from a public school, in Porto Alegre (RS), in 2019, about racism. For this, a questionnaire divided into two parts was applied: the characterization of the research sample and the presentation of six statements, by which, based on the Likert scale, the subjects should affirm their degree of agreement, indifference or disagreement. In the teachers' questionnaire, there was still an open question, in which they should answer about the actions they take in the search for an anti-racist education. It was possible to perceive that the proximity in the perceptions about racism between students and teachers are greater than the distances. Of the six sentences presented, in half of them there were positions of proximity in relation to the assigned meanings, and in the other half, it was possible to perceive distances. However, in a more detailed analysis, it was possible to notice that the proximity exceeds the distance. Several actions to promote anti-racist education were mentioned by teachers, with emphasis on debates, literary projects and the inclusion of black personalities. Thus, it is possible to consider that, even in the case of groups with age and social distances, the perceptions about racism are diverse, but close. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article presents the results of a research carried out in ten municipalities of great territorial extension in the state of Paraná, with the aim to understand the educational policy in relation to rural public schools. In this text, we selected eight municipalities considered extremely rural to expose contradictions present in the field and in education, based on documentary studies and interviews. The aim is to problematize microregions whose territory has the presence of large properties and agribusiness, alongside the work of the diverse peoples of the countryside. In these contexts, there are challenges regarding the guarantee to the right to education. They are marked by school closures, precarious roads that give access to the municipal headquarters, centrality of school transport for students, difficulty with the continuity of teachers in schools, among others. It is possible to conclude that the contradiction that generates exclusionary processes in the countryside resides in the concentration of land, in agricultural production for exportation that generates few job opportunities, and results in the policy of closing schools due to the low population density. When studying such regional contexts, it is evident the need for another project for the countryside, agrarian reform and public policies for the subjects to remain in the countryside. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article aims to comprehend the narratives produced by two teachers about their profession in Alegrete city/Rio Grande do Sul (RS). The study characterized as a qualitative approach uses a narrative as a reaserch tool in Education. This is based at a vivencia I and experiencial rescue since the study colaboraters, as a teachers work valorization strategy and since their memories recognition. At our conclusive and re-inicializing considerations we evidencíate that the narrative is not limited by the critics on the entrewied teachers work. At the contrary the narrative presuppose a comprehention view concerning each participant at the educational field, as to know the teacher reality from the ones that are there. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article aims to address an experience of primary classes in the nineteenth

Social interaction was one of the factors strongly affected during the SARS-Cov-2 virus (Covid-19) pandemic, which is of great concern today in terms of the impacts felt. This study is part of a cross-sectional, qualitative research, carried out with teacher-mothers, between 65 and 70 days from the beginning of social isolation in Pernambuco. It was conducted through a questionnaire sent by link and carried out with 30 professionals from public and private institutions. The objective of this research is to understand the universe of these mothers as professionals, their relationship with institutional verticality and their impact on the isolation routine. The results obtained show significa nt psychological consequences caused by the pressure suffered such as tiredness, stress, low self-esteem, use of strong medications, in addition to canceling family life. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This work has as general objective to reflect on the curricular transformations for literacy from the 1980s on. As specific objectives, it is intended to: a) discuss the degree of importance in the teaching and learning process attributed by the BNCC to literacy; b) reflect on the BNCC construction process; c) to discuss the findings made by research on the theme "literacy and BNCC" that occurred between 2015 and 2020. Characterized as a research of qualitative and bibliographic approach, studied the theme through books and articles made available in virtual libraries, scientific journals and in the Capes Database considering the research published between 2015 and 2020. We conclude that there are many problems in the BNCC proposal, such as not offering more concrete actions related to literacy, while focusing much of this function only on the teacher. Finally, we answer ed the main question of this research: "Habemos Base"? If we are going to think of a document that has the text as the main work, we can mention that we have a basic proposal. However, if we think of the student as a subject and the teacher who needs resources at his disposal, as well as a continuous quality training, we can measure that only the BNCC does not guarantee this evolution that we want, and there is a risk that, once again, it will be a proposal that does not leave the role with the expected effectiveness. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista HISTEDBR on-line is the property of Universidade Estadual de Campinas - Portal de Periodicos Eletronicos Cientificos and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista HISTEDBR on-line is the property of Universidade Estadual de Campinas - Portal de Periodicos Eletronicos Cientificos and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In this article, we explore aspects about the role of the school and the teaching of schools, given the learning difficulties presented during Elementary Teaching (1st to 5th year) and which concern the necessary distance from diagnoses that lead has led to the medicalization of Education. We focus attention on theories that emphasize the importance of intentional teaching, of action-reflection-teaching in different school places and space in order to meet the needs of learning presented by children, especially those with difficulties in carrying out activities. The target audience of our intervention was schools of Elementary School I (1st to 5th year). The walk lesson inspired by Freinet thought allowed us to create other possibilities for the children to recognize and systematize, with the help of the most experienced partner, the proposed activities, especially those that favor the cognitive exercise of reading and writing. by children considered to have learning difficulties. Indistinctly, all children demonstrated their appropriations, showing success in all activities. Thus, we consider that educators and other subjects in the school community, especially family members, should not treat learning difficulties as psychological or psychiatric disorders, using diagnoses that lead to the medicalization of schoolchildren, therefore, Education, and distance the school and its teachers from the essentiality of teaching action that is didacticpedagogical. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Education Policy Analysis Archives / Archivos Analíticos de Políticas Educativas / Arquivos Analíticos de Políticas Educativas is the property of Educational Policy Analysis Archives & Education Review and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The paper consists of presenting a proposal for a mechanical physics class through the scene of Gwen Stacy's death in Spider-Man stories. In the first section, the arguments and research that debate the efficiency of comics as a pedagogical tool and its relationship with physics and science in general are reviewed, rescuing the use of comics for the teaching of exact and nature sciences. It presents in a qualitative and quantitative way the concepts of mechanics involved in the death of the character and the curricular proposals for insertion in the classroom. Finally, it suggests in the form of results systems of organization and development of contents that can be explored in lesson plans, aiming to assist teachers in the task of teaching physics teaching. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article discusses how assumptions about the nature of childhood have been triggered in the confrontations about the legitimacy of gender and sexuality themes in education in contemporary Brazil. We analyse two practical-discursive pitfalls that have been consolidated in these confrontations. The first, forged by anti-gender discussion and education activists, consists in the narrative construction of vulnerable childhood to be protected, and triggers moral panic at the prospect of discussions about gender and sexuality in schools. The second, more subtle trap, concerns the situation of passivity attributed to students in the school context, who are considered to be the subjects of instruction by teachers, including those moments when gender and sexuality issues are addressed in the classroom. The image of a child-prisoner, passive and in danger made-up by the "gender ideologues," populates the narratives analysed in the first part of the paper. It allows us to discuss the political uses of the hyperinflation of this idea of child vulnerability. However, even in educational practices that invest in working gender and sexuality matters in school setting, we observe that children can be conceived as lacking agency, such as discussed in the paper's second part. In order to challenge these logics, we highlight the ludic dimension and playing with conceptual and methodological tools that can contribute to a non-pedagogizing approach to gender and sexuality in education. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article results from a master's research cut-off. Here, we present the result of the investigation of the challenges and possibilities to carry out the continuous training, within the school space, for high school teachers. Participated in the research 16 teachers and four members of the pedagogical team of a school of the state education network in Rondônia. After the study, we can affirm that carrying out the continuous formation within the school space is something possible, as long as the whole process is reflected and constructed collectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista HISTEDBR on-line is the property of Universidade Estadual de Campinas - Portal de Periodicos Eletronicos Cientificos and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This text seeks to reflect the dilemmas of modern education, the experience of childhood and the impoverishment of teacher work in the light of Theodor Adorno, Walter Benjamin, Jean-François Lyotard; Giorgio Agamben, Fernando Barcena and Michel Foucault, among others. The text is justified since the modern world has turned into mere repeating activity, unable to translate into tellable experiences. The challenge is to restore the possibility of reflective experience between knowledge and educational practices, in order to contribute to a thinking action that comes from childhood experience and provokes a critical attitude to discuss the consequences of the process of impoverishment of teacher work in the current context. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this article we present and discuss the value of the ethical dimension present as articulator in the organization of pedagogical work. Whereas Ethics is disfigured by the events and understandings of today's society, in which teachers hide behind masks as proletarians of unnecessary knowledge and useless to capital, analyze the ethical dimension and its importance for the process and educational practice presents itself as an appreciation of the human being and all its manifestations. Understanding the School as a space for interactions, the curriculum becomes a cultural artifact for the teacher to achieve his goal with a humanizing education that aims at the emancipation of the human being. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Cadernos de Pesquisa is the property of Fundacao Carlos Chagas and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Metropolitana de Sustentabilidade is the property of Revista Metropolitana de Sustentabilidade - RMS and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)