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Copyright of Revista Psicologia. Organizacoes e Trabalho is the property of Sociedade Brasileira de Psicologia Organizacional e do Trabalho and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The article describes Brazilian entrepreneurship activities in Toronto, Canada. The data were obtained through 74 questionnaires applications to Brazilian entrepreneurs and semi-structured interviews with 42 of them, generating a multi-method approach with descriptive data analysis from the survey and entrepreneurial trajectories and life stories. The researchers also conducted fieldwork with visits and observation of business premises and Brazilian entrepreneurs in the region. Respondents are mostly from the southeastern region, white, between 30 and 49 years old, with high schooling and good English proficiency. An intention to undertake out of necessity has been identified. Most businesses are small, including service providers located in the West region of Toronto. It became evident that the necessary cultural adaptation and the creation of business networks, and networking, are fundamental elements for the creation and maintenance of a business. Results suggest factors that may be relevant to the expansion of business, such as social capital, cultural intelligence, adaptation of the product/service to reach a wider audience, the development of alternative means of capitalization, and the improvement of human capital, through formal education and development of entrepreneurial and administrative skills. Theoretical and practical implications are discussed at the end of the article. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

ABSTRACT: We used the data of the China Labor-force Dynamics Survey 2014 to examine the effects of livelihood capitals which include natural, material, human, financial, and social capitals on total household income, per capita income, agricultural income, wage income, operational income, and property income inequality among rural households in China. Results showed that different kinds of livelihood capitals have different effects on different types of rural households’ income. Specifically; (1) although, the area of cultivated land reduces agricultural income inequality, it increases per capita income inequality. (2) Forest land area enlarges per capita income inequality and total household income inequality. (3) Tractor variable reduces inequality in agricultural income and total household income. (4) While reducing the property income inequality, education variable enlarges the wage income inequality, the per capita income inequality and the total household income inequality. (5) Book variable reduces property income inequality. (6) Loan variable increases inequality in agricultural incomes. (7) Party variable reduces the agricultural income inequality. (8) Although, the internet variable increases agricultural income inequality, and property income inequality, it reduces wage income inequality, operational income inequality, per capita income, and total household income inequality.

ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE One of the primary objectives of Brazil’s conditional cash transfer program, Bolsa Família, is to break the intergenerational transmission of poverty by improving human capital via conditionalities. In this study, we hypothesized that health indicators of Bolsa Família participants would be comparable to those of other local children who were nonparticipants after two years of follow-up in the city of Acrelândia, Acre state, Western Brazilian Amazon. METHODS Data from a population-based longitudinal study were analyzed to examine school enrollment, vaccination coverage, height and body mass index for age z-scores, and biomarkers of micronutrient deficiencies (iron and vitamin A) between Bolsa Família participants (n = 325) and nonparticipants (n = 738). RESULTS Out of 1063 children 10 years and younger included in the 2007 baseline survey, 805 had anthropometric measurements and 402 had biochemical indicators in the 2009 follow-up survey. Prevalence rate ratio (PRR) for non-enrollment in school at 4 years of age was 0.58 (95%CI: 0.34–1.02) when comparing Bolsa Família participants with nonparticipants. No difference was found for vaccination coverage, which was insufficient for most vaccine-preventable diseases. Bolsa Família participants were less likely to show a positive change in body mass index for age z-scores compared with nonparticipants (PRR = 0.81, 95%CI: 0.70–0.95), while a positive change in height for age z-scores was similar in the groups. No differences in micronutrient deficiencies were found between groups after 2 years. CONCLUSIONS Early school enrollment and consistent nutritional indicators between Bolsa Família participants and nonparticipants suggest Bolsa Família was facilitating similarities between groups over time.

This study aimed to understand and analyze the role of social networks in the host country in the entrepreneurship of a Syrian immigrant in Brazil. With the use of the life history methodology, we sought to identify and describe the types of resources that are offered by social networks, analyzing the role of these networks in the entrepreneurship of an immigrant. The results confirm studies reported in the literature, that is, social networks represent sources of various types of resources, among them financial, social and human capital and still act as emotional support and counseling that allies favor immigrant and ethnic entrepreneurship. The survey also confirmed that social networks are valuable tools for creating and maintaining new business. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Pasos: Revista de Turismo y Patrimonio Cultural is the property of Universidad de La Laguna, Instituto Universitario de Ciencias Politicas y Sociales and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

A broad agreement exists among academics, professionals and politicians that tourism is an effective instrument for social and economic development. However, there is no specific theoretical or practical framework of tourism for development to be found. Even the key questions have remained unformulated: (i) what does the concept of development entail? (ii) which are tourism’s contributions to such development?, and (iii) what types of tourism policy and governance are congruent with the intended tourism for development? This article preliminarily analyzes and answers these key questions. It first summarizes the development paradigms held in the last decades (modernization, neo-liberalism, dependency and sustainability) and goes on to consider the new proposals emanating from the New Institutional Economics and the Theory of Social Capital. In this context, the key elements of a “tourism for development policy and governance” are examined. Finally, the results of a 2011 enquiry, involving some 60 experts from 15 countries, on development vis-à-vis tourism are presented.

This article’s main objective was to present a model for measuring research capacity from an intellectual capital-based approach for Colombian higher education institutions (Instituciones de Educación Superior – IES), forming part of the national science and technology system, in the sense that around 90% of Colombian research groups belong to it. The model should lead to identifying IES capacity and competence and to strengthening these institutions’ management ability with the aim of obtaining input facilitating designing and formulating science, technology and innovation policy. Likewise, it should contribute towards strengthening IES relationships within national and international public and private settings.

Resumen Abstract

PRODHAM actions in Cangati River HMB started in 2001 and were completed in 2009. Th ey included the introduction of hydroenvironmental preservation, water and soil management, environmental monitoring and control techniques, all supported by the participation of local population. At the same time, the project encouraged the strengthening of local farmer organizations, and sensitivity, mobilization and preparation of local social actors to act in a sustainability scenario. Institutional development, awareness and environmental education of Iguacu community allowed an environmental recovery and preservation process to start in Cangati River microbasin. Th at eff ort joined together the environmental preservation, economic development and improvement of local populations life quality. With that experience, representatives of community associations and several institutions involved in Project actions, through the microbasin Management Board, identify, establish, imple- ment and monitor the actions and related results. After seven years of fi eld work, hen 53 events were held to strengthen the human and social capital, a new position of local population in relation to care with natural resources and full citizenship exercise was observed. Their leading role is also highlighted in perennialization of hydroenvironmental practices implemented under the Project, as communities are mobilized not only to maintain the existing works, but also to transfer their experience to other semiarid regions in Ceara. It is noted that, after the departure of PRODHAM technicians, communities have continued to care with the environment, especially by preventing ground clearance by fire and felling of ciliary forest trees, treating waste and promoting sustainable economic activities. Leading role was responsible for solidification of PRODHAM techniques in heart and mind of population living in all four HMBs assisted by PRODHAM. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista de Administração is the property of Instituto de Administracao da FEA-USP and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Este artigo explora a temática da empregabilidade individual no contexto atual de flexibilidade organizacional, procurando ampliar a discussão sobre o assunto, centrada na teoria do capital humano. Tal ampliação se faz necessária pela complexidade e multicausalidade do fenômeno em questão. Assim, esta análise propõe um modelo explicativo da empregabilidade individual, baseada em profunda revisão bibliográfica, buscando um melhor entendimento sobre o que determina o acesso ao emprego. O modelo é concebido com base em três abordagens: na teoria do capital humano, na teoria do capital cultural e na teoria do capital social. São apresentadas também sugestões para a operacionalização das variáveis, tornando o modelo plenamente aplicável. Obviamente, a proposição do modelo não esgota as investigações sobre o tema. Trata-se de um esforço para conhecer melhor as linhas gerais do fenômeno. A discussão teórica permitiu ver que o mercado de trabalho deve ser estudado como algo inserido em um contexto social, no qual variáveis nãomeritocráticas, como aquelas ligadas ao capital cultural e social de um indivíduo, são valorizadas. Tal conclusão pode reorientar as políticas públicas direcionadas ao mercado de trabalho, assim como as políticas de recursos humanos adotadas pelas organizações.