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Presents a differentiated teaching proposal that allows the student to be the agent in the construction of knowledge, overcoming the difficulties that Mathematics presents. Aiming to understand how the use of statistical tools can contribute to the improvement of the teaching-learning process and the construction of statistical knowledge, studied with students from the University Campus of Rondonopolis/UFMT. In order to reach the proposed objective, an analysis was carried out about the didactic activities in the teaching of basic statistics in which a qualitative-quantitative approach was chosen, focusing on everyday life, with the use of software, creation and simulation of models, as well as seeking to establish the frequency of the students' attitude, through questionnaires and a four-point Likert Scale, seeking data that would trace the profile of the actors involved that would help in the understanding of the planned didactic activities. The study is justified by the lack of methodological theoretical references on the subject in question. Didactic activities of Statistics were organized, whose applications took place in alternating classes, being traditional lectures and practical classes in a Computer Laboratory. Constituting the main focus of characterization and reflection of this scientific research during the teaching-learning process of Statistics. The results showed a correct attitude of the researched about the methodological strategies used, assumed with reference to the research/action design. This study contributed to motivate, awaken and answer questions and give meaning and understanding to works with Mathematical Modeling, as it can promote the improvement of the teaching-learning process and configures itself as an indispensable tool for education., Comment: in Portuguese language. A methodological proposal for learning: reflection on the pedagogical practices of Statistics when developing social research instruments. Teaching statistics, Mathematical modeling, Pedagogical practices in higher education, Educational technology. Ensino de estatisticas, Modelagem matematica, Pr\'aticas pedagogicas no ensino superior, Tecnologia educacional

We have carried out a partial survey on the female participation in events organized by the Brazilian Physical Society (SBF, in Portuguese) from 2005 to 2021. Our analysis shows that the participation of women has increased over the years, reaching in some areas, the same percentage as the one observed in the SBF community (always lower that 25\%). However, the participation as members of organizing committees and as keynote speakers is always lower. Some propositions to change this inequality situation are listed., Comment: in Portuguese language

In this paper we develop a discussion about PT Symmetric Quantum Mechanics, working with basics elements of this theory. In a simple case of two body system, we developed the Quantum Brachistochrone problem. Comparing the results obtained through the PT Symmetric Quantum Mechanics with that ones obtained using the standard formalism, we conclude that this new approach is not able to reveal any new effect., Comment: The paper is in Portuguese

Um CRDT \'e um tipo de dados que pode ser replicado e modificado concorrentemente sem coordena\c{c}\~ao, garantindo-se a converg\^encia das r\'eplicas atrav\'es da resolu\c{c}\~ao autom\'atica de conflitos. Cada CRDT implementa uma pol\'itica espec\'ifica para resolver conflitos. Por exemplo, um conjunto CRDT add-wins d\'a prioridade ao "add" aquando da execu\c{c}\~ao concorrente de um "add" e "rem" do mesmo elemento. Em algumas aplica\c{c}\~oes pode ser necess\'ario usar diferentes pol\'iticas para diferentes execu\c{c}\~oes de uma opera\c{c}\~ao -- por exemplo, uma aplica\c{c}\~ao que utilize um conjunto CRDT add-wins pode querer que alguns "removes" ganhem sobre "adds" concorrentes. Neste artigo \'e apresentado e avaliado o desenho dum conjunto CRDT que implementa as sem\^anticas referidas. --- Conflict-Free Replicated Data Types (CRDTs) allow objects to be replicated and concurrently modified without coordination. CRDTs solve conflicts automatically and provide eventual consistency. Typically each CRDT uses a specific policy for solving conflicts. For example, in an add-wins set CRDT, when an element is concurrently add and removed in different replicas, priority is given to add, i.e., the element stays in the set. Unfortunately, this may be inadequate for some applications - it may be desired to overrule the default policy for some operation executions. For example, an application using an add-wins set may want some removes to win over concurrent adds. This paper present the design of a set CRDT that implements such semantics., Comment: Article in Portuguese, accepted in the national informatics conference INForum 2018

In this paper we present a statistical analysis about the characteristics that we intend to influence in the performance of the neural networks in terms of assertiveness in the prediction of Brazilian stock returns. We created a population of architectures for analysis and extracted the sample that had the best assertive performance. It was verified how the characteristics of this sample stand out and affect the neural networks. In addition, we make inferences about what kind of influence the different architectures have on the performance of neural networks. In the study, the prediction of the return of a Brazilian stock traded on the stock exchange of S\~ao Paulo to measure the error committed by the different architectures of constructed neural networks. The results are promising and indicate that some aspects of the neural network architecture have a significant impact on the assertiveness of the model., Comment: 17 pages, in Portuguese, 4 figures, 12 tables, Poster presented in EnANPAD Conference

The internet development and the consequent change in communication forms have strengthened as online social networks, increasing the involvement of people with this media and making consumers of products and services, which are more informed and demanding for companies. This context has given rise to Social CRM, which can be put into practice by means of electronic word of mouth platforms, enable web sharing of comments and evaluations about companies, defining their reputation. However, most electronic word of mouth platforms do not provide information for extracting your information, making it difficult to analyze the data. To satisfy this gap, a system was developed to capture and automatically summarize the data of the companies registered in the eBit platform., Comment: in Portuguese, Paper presented at the 15th International Conference On Information Systems & Technology Management

Online social networks have changed the ways of communication and social interactions, especially in the Customer Relationship Management (CRM). In this sense, a new concept about business strategies involving CRM and social media has aroused, known as Social Customer Relationship Management. Despite to be an emergent and promising research field, it was perceived that Micro and Small Enterprises (MSE) have shown few or no process of Social CRM implemented. Aiming to test this hypothesis, this work conducts a market analysis in Santar\'em City, located in the Par\'a State, evaluating the adoption of Social CRM by MSE. The main contribution of this study is related to the understanding of the dynamics between Social CRM and MSE. As results, the construction of insights' list of products and solutions suitable for the implementation of Social CRM by MSE, with the potential to guide research and development projects in this area., Comment: in Portuguese, Paper presented at the 15th International Conference On Information Systems & Technology Management

The optimal power flow (OPF) is an optimization model dedicated to the development of computational tools used for the planning and operation of electric power systems (EPS). In this work, based on the polar formulation, an extended convex model is presented. To do so, the sinusoidal and cosinusoidal terms are the toughest part of the convexification process, since such types of functions oscillate between concave and convex. These functions are not initially convex, but there is a possibility of finding a convex underestimator (CU) for them. To obtain this CU, the Taylor series presents a good, however nonconvex, approximation for such trigonometric functions. Although the model remains nonconvex, these terms can be recast to the corresponding equivalent convex terms. The obtained convex model of the OPF is tested and analyzed using the IEEE 14-, 30-, 54-, and 118-bus test systems., Comment: This paper is in Portuguese!

This paper presents a study on the reduction of the sampling frequency of the current signals of an induction motor, the reductions are performed by means time-decimation technique for digital signal processing. We have used the Fast Fourier Transform to obtain the fault signal spectrum of broken bars. The results have shown how the decimation technique significantly reduces the number of operations and the time required to calculate the Fast Fourier Transform without loss of information. This approach provides a better performance of embedded systems for fault diagnosis based on characteristic of amplitude signal modulation., Comment: in Portuguese

Se repasa brevemente la historia y las finanzas islandesas de manera diacr\'onica. Se presenta a Islandia como basti\'on del estallido de la crisis financiera internacional que comienza a gestarse a principios del siglo XXI y cuyo origen se hace evidente en la fecha simb\'olica del a\~no 2008. Se analizan las razones fundamentales de esta crisis, centrandonos en las particularidades de la estructura econ\'omica islandesa. Se consideran las diferencias y parecidos de esta situaci\'on en relaci\'on a algunos otros pa\'ises en similares circunstancias. Se estudia el caso del banco Icesave. Se considera la repercusi\'on que la crisis experimentada por Islandia tiene en el \'ambito internacional, especialmente en los inversores extranjeros y en los conflictos jur\'idicos surgidos a ra\'iz de las medidas adoptadas por el gobierno island\'es para sacar al pa\'is de la bancarrota. -- Icelandic history and diachronically finances are briefly reviewed. Iceland is presented as a bastion of the outbreak of the global financial crisis begins to take shape in the early twenty-first century and whose origin is evident in the symbolic date of 2008. The main reasons for this crisis are analyzed, focusing on the particularities of Iceland's economic structure. The differences and similarities of this in relation to some other countries in similar circumstances are considered. Bank Icesave case is studied. The impact of the crises experienced by Iceland has in the international arena, especially foreign investors and legal disputes arising out of actions taken by the Icelandic government to pull the country out of bankruptcy is considered., Comment: 23 pages, in Portuguese language

Previously only considered a frontier area of Physics, nowadays quantum computing is one of the fastest growing research field, precisely because of its technological applications in optimization problems, machine learning, information security and simulations. The goal of this article is to introduce the fundamentals of quantum computing, focusing on a promising quantum algorithm and its application to a financial market problem. More specifically, we discuss the portfolio optimization problem using the \textit{Quantum Approximate Optimization Algorithm} (QAOA). We not only describe the main concepts involved but also consider simple practical examples, involving financial assets available on the Brazilian stock exchange, with codes, both classic and quantum, freely available as a Jupyter Notebook. We also analyze in details the quality of the combinatorial portfolio optimization solutions through QAOA using SENAI/CIMATEC's ATOS QLM quantum simulator., Comment: In PORTUGUESE

Digital games are increasingly part of a cyberculture engendered by digital platforms. With this in mind, we approach in this work some considerations about World of Warcraft players as fans and content producers and the narrative disputes that emerge about the game on fan work publishing platforms (Archive of Our Own and DeviantArt). We analyzed a vast set of fanfics and fanarts collected on these platforms, showing a textuality that involves not only the digital game, but a whole network of fan production that expands beyond the act of playing. Our observations show that, despite the popular perception that World of Warcraft fandom is mostly male and heteronormative, women and LGBTQI+ people are a large participatory audience and produce a lot of content, especially in the fanfic universe. The works created are also quite marked by narratives of dissident bodies and sexualities. However, despite the presence of these subjects and narratives in the fandom, this content is made invisible in DeviantArt, which privileges male artists and heteronormative fanarts of a commercial nature., Comment: in Portuguese language

This work presents the design and implementation of a decentralized application (DApp) that aims to guarantee the privacy of data related to the health area, which are stored and shared within a blockchain network. For this, encryption with RSA, ECC and AES algorithms is used. The platforms, technologies, tools and libraries required for development are presented, as well as implementation details., Comment: in Portuguese language

The pervasiveness of Artificial Intelligence (AI) is unquestionable in our society. Even in the arts, AI is present. A notorious case is the song "Hey Ya!" of the OutKast group, successful in the 2000s. At this time, the music industry began to make decisions based on data to strategize based on predictions of listeners' habits. This case is just one of the countless examples of AI applications in the arts. The advent of deep learning made it possible to build systems capable of accurately recognizing artistic style in paintings. Content generation is also possible; for example, Deepart customizes images from two \textit{inputs}: 1) an image to be customized; 2) a style of painting. The generation of songs according to specific styles from AI-based systems is also possible. Such possibilities raise questions about the intellectual property of such works. On this occasion, who owns the copyright of a work produced from a system based on Artificial Intelligence? To the creator of the AI? The company/corporation that subsidized the development of this system? Or AI itself as a creator? This essay aims to contribute with a technicist view on the discussion of copyright applicability from works produced by AI., Comment: in Portuguese language. Texto publicado pelo Instituto Observat\'orio de Direito Autoral, dispon\'ivel em: https://ioda.org.br/protecao-intelectual-de-obras-produzidas-por-sistemas-baseados-em-inteligencia-artificial-uma-visao-tecnicista-sobre-o-tema/

In this work, a 2D contour generation algorithm is proposed for irregular regions. The contour of the physical domain is approximated by mesh segments using the known coordinates of the contour. For this purpose, the algorithm uses a repeating structure that analyzes the known irregular contour coordinates to approximate the physical domain contour by mesh segments. To this end, the algorithm calculates the slope of the line defined by the known point of the irregular contours and the neighboring vertices. In this way, the algorithm calculates the points of the line and its distance to the closest known nodes of the mesh, allowing to obtain the points of the approximate contour. This process is repeated until the approximate contour is obtained. Therefore, this approximate contour generation algorithm, from known nodes of a mesh, is suitable for describing meshes involving geometries with irregular contours and for calculating finite differences in numerical simulations. The contour is evaluated through three geometries, the difference between the areas delimited by the given contour and the approximate contour, the number of nodes and the number of internal points. It can be seen that the increase in geometry complexity implies the need for a greater number of nodes in the contour, generating more refined meshes that allow reaching differences in areas below 2%., Comment: In Portuguese language

Traditionally, to be a realist about something means believing in the independent existence of that something. In this line of thought, a scientific realist is someone who believes in the objective existence of the entities postulated by our best scientific theories. In metaphysical terms, what does that mean? In ontological terms, i.e., in terms about what exists, scientific realism can be understood as involving the adoption of an ontology that is scientifically informed. But according to some philosophers, the realistic attitude must go beyond ontology. The way in which this requirement has been understood involves providing a metaphysics for the entities postulated by science, that is, answering questions about the nature of what ontology admits to exist. We discuss how two fashionable approaches face the challenge of providing a metaphysics for science: a form of naturalism and the Viking/Toolbox approach. Finally, we present a third way, which adopts the best of both approaches: the meta-Popperian method, which focuses on discarding the wrong alternatives, or better saying, the metaphysical profiles incompatible with certain theories. We present the meta-Popperian method, a metametaphysical method capable of objectively assessing which metaphysical profiles are incompatible with certain scientific theories. For this, we will use quantum mechanics as a case study, presenting some previously obtained results. As our focus is on methodological questions about the relationship between metaphysics and science; with this method, we can see how science can be used to avoid error in metaphysical issues. In our opinion, this would be a way to develop a productive relationship between science and metaphysics., Comment: In Portuguese. Article accepted for publication in Kriterion, v.63 n.151, 2022. See the final version at

Knowledge about programming is part of the knowledge matrix that will be required of the professionals of the future. Based on this, this work aims to report the development of a teaching tool developed during the monitoring program of the Algorithm and Computer Programming discipline of the University of Fortaleza. The tool combines the knowledge acquired in the books, with a language closer to the students, using video lessons and exercises proposed, with all the content available on the internet. The preliminary results were positive, with the students approving this new approach and believing that it could contribute to a better performance in the discipline., Comment: in Portuguese language

Considering the difficulty of students in calculating the direct and inverse kinematics of a robotic manipulator using only conventional tools of a classroom, this article proposes the application of Project Based Learning (ABP) through the design, development, mathematical modeling of a robotic manipulator as an integrative project of the disciplines of Industrial Robotics, Microcontrollers and Computer Assisted Design with students of the Control and Automation Engineering of the University of Fortaleza. Once designed and machined, the manipulator arm was assembled using servo motors connected to a microcontroled prototyping board, to then have its kinematics calculated. At the end are presented the results that the project has brought to the learning of the disciplines on the optics of the tutor and students., Comment: in Portuguese language

This work was conceived based on Project-Based Learning (ABP) and presents the design, development and mathematical modeling steps of a low-cost robotic manipulator with five degrees of freedom through an interdisciplinary project linking two very important disciplines of the course of Control Engineering and Automation of the University of Fortaleza: Computer Aided Design, Microcontrollers and Industrial Robotics. At the end are presented the results that the project has brought to the best learning of the discipline on the optics of the tutor and students., Comment: in Portuguese language

The study of robotic manipulators is the main goal of Industrial Robotics Class, part of Control Engineers training course. There is a difficulty in preparing academic practices and projects in the area of robotics due to the high cost of specific educational equipment. The practical classes and the development of projects are very important for engineers training, it is proposed to use simulation software in order to provide practical experience for the students of the discipline. In this context, the present article aims to expose the use of the Robot Operation System (ROS) as a tool to develop a robotic arm and implement the functionality of forward and inverse kinematics. Such development could be used as an educational tool to increase the interest and learning of students in the robotics discipline and to expand research areas for the discipline., Comment: in Portuguese language

Currently, robotics is one of the fastest growing areas not only in the industrial sector but also in the consumer and service sectors. Several areas benefit from the technological advancement of robotics, especially the industrial area those benefits from gains in productivity and quality. However, to supply this growing demand it is necessary for the newly graduated professionals to have a deeper understanding of how to design and control a robotic manipulator. It is logical that in order to obtain this more in-depth knowledge of robotics, it is necessary to have an experience with a real robotic manipulator, since the practice is a much more efficient way of learning than theory. However, it is known that a robotic arm is not a cheap investment, and its maintenance is not cheap either. Therefore, many educational institutions are not able to provide this type of experience to their students. With this in mind, and through the use of Unity 3D, which is a game development software, a robotic arm simulator has been developed to correlate classroom theory with what actually happens in practice. The robotic manipulators implemented on this simulator can be controlled by both inverse kinematics (which is the industry standard) and direct kinematics., Comment: COBENGE 2019, in Portuguese language

In this work, an attempt is presented to understand the contribution of Galileo Galilei in the field of the History of Ideas, from the moment he points a spyglass to the sky. For that, it was previously necessary that Giotto painting the sky in blue. We reconstruct this fascinating trajectory between the 13th and 17th centuries in Europe, relating different practices and knowledges, as well as discussing the scientific and philosophical thought of that time. The main thesis of this essay is to show that Giotto, who painted the sky blue in a culture that wanted it to be golden, followed a conceptual path very similar to that followed by Galileo centuries later., Comment: 11 figures, in Portuguese language

Monolithic applications are being decomposed to a microservices architecture, aiming to improve maintainability, performance and modularization. Although such decompositions have now been widely carried out in the industry, little is reported in the literature about the impacts of these decompositions. This work, therefore, reports a case study carried out to investigate the impacts of the decomposition of a real industry application for microservices architecture. The target application of the study refers to a raid operation, performed by a financial institution, which was extracted from a monolithic application to an application based on microservices. In particular, metrics were applied to monolithic and microservice-based applications, aiming to quantify coupling, cohesion, CPU consumption and memory consumption. The results obtained show that the microservices architecture generated better results for the software modularity metrics, in addition to lower memory and CPU consumption. Finally, this work brings insight and points out challenges and future directions of research that need to be explored by academia and industry., Comment: in Portuguese

In the initial stage of human life, communication, seen as a process of social interaction, was always the best way to reach consensus between the parties. Understanding and credibility in this process are essential for the mutual agreement to be validated. But, how to do it so that this communication reaches the great mass? This is the main challenge when what is sought is the dissemination of information and its approval. In this context, this study presents the ALT software, developed from original readability metrics adapted to the Portuguese language, available on the web, to reduce communication difficulties. The development of the software was motivated by the theory of communicative action of Habermas, which uses a multidisciplinary style to measure the credibility of the discourse in the communication channels used to build and maintain a safe and healthy relationship with the public. -- No est\'agio inicial da vida humana a comunica\c{c}\~ao, vista como um processo de intera\c{c}\~ao social, foi sempre o melhor caminho para o consenso entre as partes. O entendimento e a credibilidade nesse processo s\~ao fundamentais para que o acordo m\'utuo seja validado. Mas, como faz\^e-lo de forma que essa comunica\c{c}\~ao alcance a grande massa? Esse \'e o principal desafio quando o que se busca \'e a difus\~ao da informa\c{c}\~ao e a sua aprova\c{c}\~ao. Nesse contexto, este estudo apresenta o software ALT, desenvolvido a partir de m\'etricas de legibilidade originais adaptadas para a L\'ingua Portuguesa, dispon\'ivel na web, para reduzir as dificuldades na comunica\c{c}\~ao. O desenvolvimento do software foi motivado pela teoria do agir comunicativo de Habermas, que faz uso de um estilo multidisciplinar para medir a credibilidade do discurso nos canais de comunica\c{c}\~ao utilizados para construir e manter uma rela\c{c}\~ao segura e saud\'avel com o p\'ublico., Comment: 22 pages, 13 figures, in Portuguese, see software in https://legibilidade.com

Galaxy clusters are important cosmological probes since their abundance and spatial distribution are directly linked to structure formation on large scales. The principal uncertainty source on the cosmological parameter constraints concerns the cluster mass estimation from mass proxies. In addition, future surveys will provide a large amount of data, requiring an improvement in the accuracy of other elements used in the construction of cluster likelihoods. Therefore, accurate modeling of the mass-observable relations and reducing the effect of different systematic errors are fundamental steps for the success of cluster cosmology. In this work, we briefly review the abundance of galaxy clusters and discuss many sources of uncertainty. Os aglomerados de gal\'axias s\~ao importantes sondas cosmol\'ogicas, j\'a que a abund\^ancia e a distribui\c{c}\~ao espacial desses objetos est\~ao diretamente ligadas \`a forma\c{c}\~ao de estruturas em grandes escalas. A maior fonte de incerteza nas restri\c{c}\~oes de par\^ametros cosmol\'ogicos \'e origin\'aria das estimativas das massas dos aglomerados a partir da rela\c{c}\~ao massa-observ\'avel. Al\'em disso, os pr\'oximos grandes levantamentos fornecer\~ao uma grande quantidade de dados, requerendo uma melhoria na precis\~ao de outros elementos utilizados na constru\c{c}\~ao das verossimilhan\c{c}as de aglomerados. Portanto, uma modelagem precisa da rela\c{c}\~ao massa-observ\'avel e diminuir o efeito dos diferentes erros sistem\'aticos s\~ao passos fundamentais para o sucesso da cosmologia com aglomerados. Neste trabalho, fazemos uma breve revis\~ao da abund\^ancia de aglomerados de gal\'axias, e discuss\~ao de diferentes fontes de incerteza., Comment: 9 pages, text in Portuguese. Proceeding do evento As Astrocientistas: I Encontro Brasileiro de Meninas e Mulheres da Astrof\'isica, Cosmologia e Gravita\c{c}\~ao. Realizado remotamente entre 08 e 11 de fevereiro de 2021. https://astrocientistas.wixsite.com/astrocientistas

This article describes a proposal to create a digital currency that allows the decentralized collection of resources directed to initiatives and activities that aim to protect the Brazilian Amazon ecosystem by using blockchain and digital contracts. In addition to the digital currency, the goal is to design a smart contract based in oracles to ensure credibility and security for investors and donors of financial resources invested in projects within the Standing Forest Coin (SFC - standingforest.org)., Comment: in Portuguese

Research in Sports Sciences is supported often by inferences based on the declaration of the value of the statistic statistically significant or nonsignificant on the bases of a P value derived from a null-hypothesis test. Taking into account that studies are manly conducted in sample, the use of null hypothesis testing only allows estimating the true values (population) of the statistics used. However, evidence has grown in many areas of knowledge that this approach often leads to confusion and misinterpretation. To overcome this limitation they have recently emerged recommendations to support the statistical analysis with approaches that make use of more intuitive interpretations and more practical, especially based on the magnitudes (certainty / uncertainty) of the true values found. With the intent to provide alternative solutions to methodological designs recurrently used in research in sports sciences, this paper will seek to i) briefly spell out some of the weaknesses associated with the null hypothesis tests based in the P value; ii) reflect on the implications of the use of practical/clinical significance as opposed to statistical significance; iii) submit proposals for use the inferences based on the magnitude, particularly in the visualization and interpretation of results; iv) present and discuss the limitations of magnitude-based inference. Thus, this update article discourages, in a sustained-based, the use of significance tests based only on the concept of null hypothesis. Alternatively, it is proposed to use methods of inference based on magnitudes as they allow interpretations of the practical/clinical effects results obtained. ----- As investiga\c{c}\~oes em ci\^encias do esporte sustentam-se frequentemente em infer\^encias baseadas na declara\c{c}\~ao de um valor estatisticamente significativo, ou n\~ao significativo, com base no valor de p que deriva dos testes de hip\'otese nula. Considerando que os estudos s\~ao iminentemente amostrais, o recurso aos testes de hip\'otese nula apenas possibilita estimar os valores verdadeiros (popula\c{c}\~ao) das estat\'isticas utilizadas. Contudo, tem crescido a evid\^encia, em diversas \'areas do conhecimento, de que esta abordagem origina frequentemente interpreta\c{c}\~oes confusas e at\'e erradas (7). Para ultrapassar esta limita\c{c}\~ao t\^em surgido recentemente recomenda\c{c}\~oes no sentido de sustentar as an\'alises estat\'isticas com abordagens que recorram a interpreta\c{c}\~oes mais intuitivas e mais pr\'aticas, baseadas sobretudo nas magnitudes (certezas/incertezas) dos valores verdadeiros encontrados. Com o intento de fornecer pistas alternativas aos desenhos metodol\'ogicos recorrentemente utilizados na investiga\c{c}\~ao em ci\^encias do esporte, neste trabalho procuraremos i) enunciar sucintamente algumas das fragilidades associadas aos testes de hip\'otese nula sustentados no valor de p; ii) refletir sobre as implica\c{c}\~oes da utiliza\c{c}\~ao da signific\^ancia pr\'atica/clinica em oposi\c{c}\~ao \`a signific\^ancia estat\'istica; iii) apresentar propostas de utiliza\c{c}\~ao das t\'ecnicas de infer\^encias baseadas na magnitude, particularmente na visualiza\c{c}\~ao e interpreta\c{c}\~ao dos resultados; iv) apresentar as principais limita\c{c}\~oes do uso das infer\^encias baseadas em magnitudes. Assim, neste artigo de atualiza\c{c}\~ao desencoraja-se, de forma sustentada e fundamentada, o uso dos testes de signific\^ancia baseados apenas no conceito de hip\'otese nula. Em alternativa, prop\~oe-se a utiliza\c{c}\~ao de m\'etodos de infer\^encias baseados em magnitudes por possibilitarem interpreta\c{c}\~oes dos efeitos pr\'aticos/cl\'inicos dos resultados obtidos., Comment: in Portuguese

Recent works explore social characteristics of nodes to improve message delivery rate in Delay Tolerant Networks (DTN). This work uses machine learning techniques to create node groups organized by common interests. Messages are sent to target groups, and from there to the final destination. Simulation results using The ONE simulator show that the larger the group size the higher the message delivery rate, that reaches 100% in some cases. The paper also presents results related to the groups of interest such as message delivery rat, delivery delay and an average number of hops to deliver messages. The overall results indicate that group-based routing is a promising research filed., Comment: IV Escola Regional de Informatica (ERIN 2017), in Portuguese

The Higgs boson was predicted in 1964 by British physicist Peter Higgs. The Higgs is the key to explain the origin of the mass of other elementary particles of Nature. However, only with the coming into operation of the LHC, in 2008, there were technological conditions to search for the Higgs boson. Recently, a major international effort conducted at CERN, by means of ATLAS and CMS experiments, has enabled the observation of a new bosonic particle in the region of 125 GeVs. In this paper, by means of known mechanisms of symmetry breaking that occur in the BCS theory of superconductivity and in the theory of nuclear pairing, we discuss the Higgs mechanism in the Standard Model. Finally, we present the current state of research looking for the Higgs boson and the alternative theories and extensions of the Standard Model for the elementary particle physics. Keywords: Higgs boson, BCS theory, nuclear pairing, Higgs mechanism, Standard Model., Comment: Article in Portuguese. The paper will appear in Volume 35 of the Revista Brasileira de Ensino de F\'isica

The unsupervised classification has a very important role in the analysis of multispectral images, given its ability to assist the extraction of a priori knowledge of images. Algorithms like k-means and fuzzy c-means has long been used in this task. Computational Intelligence has proven to be an important field to assist in building classifiers optimized according to the quality of the grouping of classes and the evaluation of the quality of vector quantization. Several studies have shown that Philosophy, especially the Dialectical Method, has served as an important inspiration for the construction of new computational methods. This paper presents an evaluation of four methods based on the Dialectics: the Objective Dialectical Classifier and the Dialectical Optimization Method adapted to build a version of k-means with optimal quality indices; each of them is presented in two versions: a canonical version and another version obtained by applying the Principle of Maximum Entropy. These methods were compared to k-means, fuzzy c-means and Kohonen's self-organizing maps. The results showed that the methods based on Dialectics are robust to noise, and quantization can achieve results as good as those obtained with the Kohonen map, considered an optimal quantizer., Comment: in Portuguese

This paper proposes a model validation method that incorporates error due to numerical procedures. Two identified models for Sine Map and Duffing-Ueda Circuit systems have been investigated. The indexes RMSE and MAPE have been applied. We have shown that after some few iterates, it is possible to notice some significative difference between index provided in the literature. This difference has been computed in around 34%., Comment: DINCON 2017 - Conferencia Brasileira de Dinamica, Controle e Aplicacoes - Sao Jose do Rio Preto - Brazil. 7 pages. In Portuguese

In environments with energy and processing constraints, such as sensor networks and embedded devices, sending raw information over wireless networks can be costly. In order to reduce the amount of transmitted data and ultimately save energy, we can compress data before transmission. In this paper, we tackle such problem in the IoT domain by deploying two widely used libraries to deliver asynchronous messages and data compression/decompression. We evaluate both our methodology and the compression/decompression performance of the embedded library in a micro-controller for IoT., Comment: in Portuguese, ERIN 2017, Manaus, Brazil

This paper describes three programming problems that are simple enough to be used in the beginning of a CS undergraduate program but also interesting enough to be worth exploring with different approaches. We are able to apply a mixture of programming practices, abstraction and algebraic approaches to the problems, so that these subjects may be presented as complementary and allowing for clear and elegant solutions., Comment: In Portuguese

This paper aims to identify three electrical systems: a series RLC circuit, a motor/generator coupled system, and the Duffing-Ueda oscillator. In order to obtain the system's models was used the error reduction ratio and the Akaike information criterion. Our approach to handle the numerical errors was the interval arithmetic by means of the resolution of the least squares estimation. The routines was implemented in Intlab, a Matlab toolbox devoted to arithmetic interval. Finally, the interval RMSE was calculated to verify the quality of the obtained models. The applied methodology was satisfactory, since the obtained intervals encompass the system's data and allow to demonstrate how the numerical errors affect the answers., Comment: SBAI 2017 - XIII Simp\'osio Brasileiro de Automa\c{c}\~ao Inteligente, Porto Alegre, p. 1-6, In Portuguese. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1612.02674

This book deals with some ontological implications of standard non-relativistic quantum mechanics, and the use of the notion of `consciousness' to solve the measurement problem., Comment: In Portuguese, post peer-review process

The digital educational solutions are increasingly used demanding high quality functionalities. In this sense, standards and models are made available by governments, associations, and researchers being most used in quality control and assessment sessions. The eQETIC model was built according to the approach of continuous process improvement favoring the quality management for development and maintenance of digital educational solutions. This article presents two expert systems to support the implementation of eQETIC model and demonstrates that such systems are able to support users during the model implementation. Developed according to two types of shells (SINTA/UFC and e2gLite/eXpertise2go), the systems were used by a professional who develops these type of solutions and showed positive results regarding the support offered by them in implementing the rules proposed by eQETIC model., Comment: in Portuguese

The concept of thermal energy was only fully formulated in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. The search for the understanding of calorific phenomena was what provided the construction and development of the concept of thermal energy. In this work we present the evolution of the concept of heat and thermal energy over time, following a chronological order and the evolution of the ideas and principles in question. For this, a vast bibliographical research on the subject was carried out. The theme has been addressed from the ancient Greek philosophers to the advent of modern physics with the elucidation of the phenomenon of thermal radiation., Comment: in Portuguese

In this work, deep learning techniques for brain age prediction from magnetic resonance images are investigated, aiming to assist in the identification of biomarkers of the natural aging process. The identification of biomarkers is useful for detecting an early-stage neurodegenerative process, as well as for predicting age-related or non-age-related cognitive decline. Two techniques are implemented and compared in this work: a 3D Convolutional Neural Network applied to the volumetric image and a 2D Convolutional Neural Network applied to slices from the axial plane, with subsequent fusion of individual predictions. The best result was obtained by the 2D model, which achieved a mean absolute error of 3.83 years. -- Neste trabalho s\~ao investigadas t\'ecnicas de aprendizado profundo para a predi\c{c}\~ao da idade cerebral a partir de imagens de resson\^ancia magn\'etica, visando auxiliar na identifica\c{c}\~ao de biomarcadores do processo natural de envelhecimento. A identifica\c{c}\~ao de biomarcadores \'e \'util para a detec\c{c}\~ao de um processo neurodegenerativo em est\'agio inicial, al\'em de possibilitar prever um decl\'inio cognitivo relacionado ou n\~ao \`a idade. Duas t\'ecnicas s\~ao implementadas e comparadas neste trabalho: uma Rede Neural Convolucional 3D aplicada na imagem volum\'etrica e uma Rede Neural Convolucional 2D aplicada a fatias do plano axial, com posterior fus\~ao das predi\c{c}\~oes individuais. O melhor resultado foi obtido pelo modelo 2D, que alcan\c{c}ou um erro m\'edio absoluto de 3.83 anos., Comment: 3 pages, 3 figures, in Portuguese, accepted at XVIII Congresso Brasileiro de Inform\'atica em Sa\'ude (CBIS 2021)

Depressive disorders, in addition to causing direct negative impacts on health, are also responsible for imposing substantial costs on society. In relation to the treatment of depression, antidepressants have proven effective, and, to the World Health Organization, access to psychotropic drugs for people with mental illnesses offers a chance of improved health and an opportunity for reengagement in society. The aim of this study is to analyze the use of and access to antidepressants in Brazil, according to macro-regions and to demographic, social and economic conditions of the population, using the National Survey on Access, Use and Promotion of Rational Use of Medicines (PNAUM 2013/2014). The results show that there is a high prevalence of antidepressant use in individuals with depression in Brazil. The main profile of use of these drugs is: female individuals, between 20 and 59 years old, white, from the Southeast region, of the economic class D/E, with a high schooling level, in a marital situation, without health insurance coverage, without limitations derived from depression, and who self-evaluated health as regular., Comment: in Portuguese

In this research work, a hardware and software system is developed that uses wireless sensors to monitor environmental variables such as temperature, gas concentration and luminosity, in order to detect the existence of forest fires. Lora technology was used for wireless sensor networks with communication range that can reach on average up to 5km in urban areas and 10km in rural areas. The developed system also has an integrated web application (dashboard) and that in real time, collects data from wireless sensors, which together form the sensor module, also called device. Then, this data is presented on a map associated with the positioning of each sensor module. The developed system was tested using practical experiments that used flames, gases and lighting, simulating the occurrence of fires. With the tests performed, it was observed the feasibility of the system, hardware/software developed, in detecting the fires in the simulated scenarios. Therefore, it was found that the research is promising, and may advance in the future for the detection of real fires., Comment: in Portuguese

The objective of this systematic review is to assess the state of the art on routing protocols aimed at WMNs, when associated with mechanisms for financial incentives that aim to ensure the self-sustainability of the network, seeking to identify the improvements and associated risks as well as the efficiency of the mechanisms adopted within networks, thus ensuring increased reliability in the use of such protocols for routing encouraged WMNs., Comment: in Portuguese

Event-driven architecture has been widely adopted in the software industry, emerging as an alternative to the development of enterprise applications based on the REST architectural style. However, little is known about the effects of event-driven architecture on modularity while enterprise applications evolve. Consequently, practitioners end up adopting it without any empirical evidence about its impacts on essential indicators, including separation of concerns, coupling, cohesion, complexity and size. This article, therefore, reports an exploratory study comparing event-driven architecture and REST style in terms of modularity. A real-world application was developed using an event-driven architecture and REST through five evolution scenarios. In each scenario, a feature was added. The generated versions were compared using ten metrics. The initial results suggest that the event-driven architecture improved the separation of concerns, but was outperformed considering the metrics of coupling, cohesion, complexity and size. The findings are encouraging and can be seen as a first step in a more ambitious agenda to empirically evaluate the benefits of event-driven architecture against the REST style., Comment: 23 pages, in Portuguese, 5 figures

This article analyzes and develops a method to solve fractional ordinary differential equations using the Monte Carlo Method. A numerical simulation is performed for some differential equations, comparing the results with what exists in the mathematical literature. The Python language is used to create computational models., Comment: Text in portuguese. Accepted for publication in Trends in Computational and Applied Mathematics

Toxic behavior is one of the problems most associated with the gaming community. Reports of hate speech and anti-gaming behavior are common in many online multiplayer games. Many studies address this area, focusing on players and, principally, on the content and its negative impact on the community. However, it is possible that other factors influence the toxicity. In this article, we investigate how game design elements influence toxic behavior, using toxic disinhibition factors as a basis for the analysis. For this, four of the main games of the MOBA genre were analyzed with the support of the MDA Framework and a questionnaire with players. The results show that most players suffered offenses and offended other people in the game, in addition to recognizing MOBA as the genre that generates the most impatience among them. Furthermore, we raise and discuss different elements and mechanics in games that impact the well-being of the community through the individualization of the player, elimination of solidarities, and affirmation of indifference towards toxic behavior. With this, we hope to help game developers and communities to promote integration dynamics., Comment: 10 pages, 11 Figures Proceedings of the XIX Brazilian Symposium on Games and Digital Entertainment Recife, Brazil. November 7th, 2020. SBC. ISSN 2179-2259 Pages 448 -457. In Portuguese

Quantum information processing has been one of the pillars of the new information age. In this sense, the control and processing of quantum information plays a fundamental role, and computers capable of manipulating such information have become a reality. In this article we didactically present basic elements of the latest version of IBM's quantum computer and its main tools. We also present in detail the Deutsch-Jozsa algorithm used to differentiate constant functions from balanced functions, also, including a discussion of its efficiency against classical algorithms for the same task. The experimental implementation of the algorithm in a 4-qbit system is presented. Our article paves the way for a series of didactic investigations into the IBM system as well as the best known quantum algorithms., Comment: in Portuguese

Whereas the world relies on computer systems for providing public services, there is a lack of academic work that systematically assess the security of government systems. To partially fill this gap, we conducted a security evaluation of publicly available systems from public institutions. We revisited OWASP top-10 and identified multiple vulnerabilities in deployed services by scanning public government networks. Overall, the unprotected services found have inadequate security level, which must be properly discussed and addressed., Comment: in Portuguese

This note discusses some aspects of interpretations of the theory of optimal taxation presented in recent works on the Brazilian tax system., Comment: in Portuguese

The 2022 Commitment to Reducing Inequality (CRI) Index is the first detailed analysis published looking at governments’ policies and actions to fight inequality during the first two years of the pandemic. This fourth edition of the CRI Index reviews the spending, tax and labour policies and actions of 161 governments during 2020–2022., COVID-19 has increased inequality worldwide, as the poorest people were hit hardest by both the disease and its profound economic impacts. Yet the CRI 2022 Index shows clearly that most of the world’s governments failed to mitigate this dangerous rise in inequality. Despite the biggest global health emergency in a century, half of low-and lower-middle-income countries saw the share of health spending fall during the pandemic, half of the countries tracked by the CRI Index cut the share of social protection spending, 70% cut the share of education spending, while two-thirds of countries failed to increase their minimum wage in line with gross domestic product (GDP). Ninety-five percent of countries failed to increase taxation of the richest people and corporations. At the same time, a small group of governments from across the world bucked this trend, taking clear actions to combat inequality, putting the rest of the world to shame., See also the CRI Index website: www.inequalityindex.orgThe Index has been audited by the European Commission's Joint Research Centre. Read more here., L’indice de l’engagement à la réduction des inégalités (ERI) 2022 est la première analyse détaillée publiée portant sur les politiques et les actions des gouvernements pour lutter contre les inégalités au cours des deux premières années de la pandémie. Cette analyse passe en revue les politiques et actions de 161 gouvernements en matière de dépenses, de fiscalité et de travail sur la période 2020-2022., La COVID-19 a creusé les inégalités dans le monde entier, les plus pauvres étant les plus durement touché·es par la maladie et ses profondes répercussions économiques. Pourtant, l’indice ERI 2022 montre clairement que la plupart des gouvernements du monde n’ont pas réussi à atténuer cette dangereuse augmentation des inégalités. Alors qu’il s’agit de la pire urgence sanitaire que le monde ait connue depuis un siècle, la moitié des pays à revenu faible et intermédiaire de la tranche inférieure ont vu la part des dépenses de santé diminuer pendant la pandémie. La moitié des pays suivis par l’indice ERI ont réduit la part des dépenses de protection sociale, 70 % ont revu à la baisse la part des dépenses d’éducation, tandis que deux tiers des pays n’ont pas augmenté leur salaire minimum en fonction du produit intérieur brut (PIB). 95 % des pays n’ont pas augmenté l’imposition des personnes et des sociétés les plus riches. Dans le même temps, quelques gouvernements dans différentes parties du monde se sont démarqués de cette tendance en prenant des mesures claires pour lutter contre les inégalités, couvrant de honte le reste du monde.

This paper deals with a simple and straightforward procedure for automatic generation of finite-element or finite-volume meshes of spheroidal domains, consisting of tetrahedra. Besides the equation of the boundary, the generated meshes depend only on an integer parameter, whose value is associated with the degree of refinement. More specifically the procedure applies to the case where the boundary of a curved three-dimensional domain not so irregular can be expressed in spherical coordinates, with origin placed at a suitable location in its interior. An optimal numbering of mesh elements and nodes can be accomplished very easily. Several examples indicate that the generated meshes form a quasi-uniform family of partitions, as the corresponding value of the integer parameter increases, as long as the domain is not too distorted., Comment: The description of the method studied in this work was first published in Portuguese in Revista Brasileira de Computa\c{c}\~ao, 4-3 (1985), 165-178. It was also published in Proc. Int. Conf. Numerical Grid Generation in CFD, Landshut, Germany, 1986, C. Taylor ed., Pineridge Press, Swansea, UK, p. 71-82, 1986. However method's implementation and assessment by the author took place only in 2017

In this ``Letter'', I do introduce my point of view about the role of science in the development and organization of our societies, emphasizing that science is too far from our societies. In Brazil we follow a way similarly to that of USA and France concerning this phenomenon, marked by the lack of participation of our academies and scientific community in politics and economy, i.e. we can see that strategic decisions are been hold by only electoral bias and, when there is the presence of academic science, usually it is restricted to the fields of economical, political and social sciences. I conclude that the strategic planning of a country, or of the planet as a whole, needs that academy stay close of society, been this one necessary both not enough condition to the proper functioning of any democracy. In the Brazil case more specifically, I propose that this political change in our academies begin by one profound thought about the Brazilian Science with a consequent refoundation of the CNPQ (Nacional Council for Science and Technology development)., Comment: 5 pages, main body of the paper in Portuguese