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The article assesses the development of retail e-commerce under the influence of global digitalization processes. The authors prove that current trends in the global economy reflect key aspects of the development of the digital economy and, accordingly, retail e-commerce. Under their influence, significant changes are taking place in the living conditions of society, market conditions and in the scientific sphere, and there is an increasing demand for highly qualified workers. The paper emphasizes that under the influence of profound and extensive changes brought about by digital technologies, conceptual models of business development and social communication are transforming, and the role of the state in the new digitalized environment is being reconsidered. These transformations require participants to be highly adaptable, develop new skills and competencies, and be ready to take advantage of digital transformation. The paper emphasizes that there are potential risks of negative impact of digital transformation, which are manifested primarily in the need to adapt to new conditions, such as the inevitability of displacement of outdated professions by new technologies or artificial intelligence systems, the disappearance of traditional markets, as well as the threats of personal data leakage and the need to protect copyrights and other aspects. The authors prove that e-commerce encompasses more than just online advertising or launching a virtual retail store. Successful enterprises in this area are based on reliable technologies of interaction with consumers, which arise from the experience gained in the early stages, sound business schemes and a carefully developed infrastructure for servicing business processes. The main advantage of using digital technologies in the field of online retail is the ability to predict demand and thoroughly study consumer needs.

This paper examines the rise of digital authoritarianism in the 21st century. In this political regime, the state authorities exercise control over society via digital technologies while governing the national economy based chiefly on free-market principles. The thesis consists of the statement that the elements of the digital economy, including artificial intelligence, digital platforms, and Internet of Things (IoT) communication, are the critical drivers of surveillance capitalism, characterized by unlimited access to any personal and business data. Subsequently, authoritarian governments benefit from possibilities of digital surveillance, including the control of media and the so-called behavioral surplus. It consequently leads to social manipulation, censorship, Internet shutdowns, and different kinds of punishment of citizens via social rating practices. The analysis presents the case study of a model of Chinese digital authoritarianism, taking into account the rising popularity of this kind of regime in other countries, where political power is highly centralized. At the same time, the economic transformation has occurred there due to historical or specific geopolitical conditions. The findings show that the development of digital authoritarianism is a consequence of surveillance capitalism, within which there is a global data flow via digital platforms. Although surveillance capitalism takes more sophisticated forms than digital authoritarianism, it still serves the same purposes of pursuing the interests of the political elites and influential market players, and it could be perilous for the democratic freedoms of citizens. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Folia Turistica is the property of University of Physical Education / Akademia Wychowania Fizycznego w Krakowie and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The paper looks at the selected issues connected with the digital economy, namely innovations such as FinTech and blockchain, as a possible direction of its development. First, the author discusses FinTech, a technology that aims to compete with traditional methods of delivery of financial services. Next, he raises the question of blockchain that records and maintains transactions made in cryptocurrency in a peer-to-peer network. The relevant definitions, key areas, regulatory framework, benefits and challenges related to both innovations are also presented. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper aims to contribute to the understanding of the digital economy in Southeast Asia (SEA). It evaluates SEA’s digital economy industry from various perspectives, analysing the reasons for its rapid development as a non-core innovation area of the digital economy.

Copyright of Scientific Papers of Silesian University of Technology. Organization & Management / Zeszyty Naukowe Politechniki Slaskiej. Seria Organizacji i Zarzadzanie is the property of Silesian Technical University, Organisation & Management Faculty and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Horizons of Politics / Horyzonty Polityki is the property of Jesuit University Ignatianum in Krakow and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Political Science Review / Przegląd Politologiczny is the property of Faculty of Political Science & Journalism, Adam Mickiewicz University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The article analyses the necessity of changes in all the fields of human activities, including economy of enterprises, under the influence of global digitalization. It is found out that the opportunities of Internet technologies open before the enterprises the ways for changing the sizes of companies, for searching for methods of performing transactions, renewal of connection level between enterprises. Thus, key targets of economy of enterprise and business management as well as the factors of reproduction at an enterprise are getting a new content. The author investigates the essence of digital transformation of domestic enterprises, which reveals both at the outer level of interaction – between enterprises, and inside each separate enterprise, at thee level of relations among employees. It is defined that the digital transformation of business is the organizational changes due to the use of digital technologies and business models to increase productivity. It is clarified that the modern digital trends in economy became the foundation for grouping enterprises of separate types. The paper discloses the peculiarities of traditional enterprises with the features of digitalization of separate business processes, the peculiarities of partially virtual enterprises with partial physical structure, and the peculiarities of virtual enterprises. It is substantiated that a virtual enterprise will be able to carry out its activity to reach its main goal – to get a profit – only after obtaining the status of a legal entity, that is, having performed all the required legal procedures. As the legal entity enters the virtual reality, it requires the shifts concerning formulating the concept of a virtual legal entity.

Copyright of Central European Political Studies / Środkowoeuropejskie Studia Polityczne is the property of Faculty of Political Science & Journalism, Adam Mickiewicz University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Przeglad Socjologiczny is the property of Lodz Scientific Society / Lodzkie Towarzystwo Naukowe and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Economic & Political Thought / Myśl Ekonomiczna & Polityczna is the property of Lazarski University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The objective of the paper is to present the results of the first study of Polish startups’ ecosystem as the first stage of a larger study of digital economy landscape in Poland. The first estimate of the number of Polish startups amounts to 2400 entities. The publication presents the first survey Polish startups that marks the beginning of cyclical studies on enterprises belonging to the digital economy in Poland. The study was conducted among 423 entities using an in-house questionnaire prepared based on the author’s own knowledge. Results are discussed. Startups most often consider themselves software producers who follow the SaaS model and operate in the following industries: mobile apps, e-commerce and Internet services. Nearly one in three startups achieve 50% annual revenue growth, while in one-fifth such growth exceeds 100%. Almost two thirds of Polish startups are financed exclusively from own funds. It is necessary to repeat and deepen the study in order to determining the significance of the digital industry in the economy of Poland and the CEE region. The originality of this work lies in taking this subject for the first time in Polish literature and in elaborating the proposition of a “startup” term’s definition.

Copyright of Research Papers of the Wroclaw University of Economics / Prace Naukowe Uniwersytetu Ekonomicznego we Wroclawiu is the property of Uniwersytet Ekonomiczny we Wroclawiu and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)