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One method for disposing of old, damaged, or misprinted Qur’an pages is to burn them. Recently, there have been cases of al-Quran mushaf disposal management that do not comply with the maqasid of al-Quran text disposal as stipulated in established guidelines. Furthermore, the number of damaged al-Quran manuscripts is growing, making the collection site increasingly limited in capacity. To save money and space, it was discovered that some institutions in charge of disposal have delegated this task to unauthorized parties, such as non-Muslim parties, which disposed of al-Quran text at paper mills. Therefore, this article discusses the perspectives and evaluations of religious scholars on the methods used by Malaysian institutions to dispose of al-Quran text. Document analysis and interviews with the State Muftis of Selangor, Kelantan and Terengganu were used to collect data. It was done through semi-structured interviews and descriptive analysis. According to findings, the Malaysian government has implemented several methods. One method used is to burn it to ashes, bury it, and then wash it into the sea. Many authorised institutions carry out disposal in accordance with the established guidelines. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

During the pre-GE-14, political parties in Terengganu have expressed their confidence to come to power based on current issues, government performance and leadership. In GE-14, the people have chosen to give PAS a chance to lead the Terengganu State Government. After GE-14, there was also a conflict between UMNO and PAS in the state. Therefore, the purpose of writing this article is to analyze the geopolitics of Terengganu in pre-GE-14, GE-14 and post GE-14. The writing of this article is based on analysis of GE 2018 results data, field observations and analysis of secondary sources such as journal articles and conference papers. Findings show that geopolitics or governing power based on pre-GE-14, GE-14 and post-GE-14 scenarios in Terengganu depends on the influence of voter support for political parties, the role and volume of key leaders and current issues in the state. The instability of BN Government leaders and local issues have opened up space for PAS to win the hearts of Terengganu people in GE-14. However, this rejection is seen not because of the strength of PAS but rather the weakness of BN in addressing issues that arise in the community, especially in Terengganu. Meanwhile, PH is also not seen as dominant in any part except in Kemaman and Kuala Terengganu. Post GE-14 shows PAS cooperating with UMNO to form a Muafakat Nasional (MN) on the basis of the Malay-Muslim political cooperation. For the first time in the state, the opposition in the state assembly is governmen-friendly. However, the open conflict between the main leadership of UMNO and PAS over the distribution of development allocations and the distribution of seats in the next general election will be a challenge to both political parties to maintain long-term and consistent political cooperation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Globalization in the fishery industry has affected the country's income, fishermen's income and social interaction in Malaysia, especially in the ECER Region. This paper has two objectives, first discussing the development of the fishery industry in the ECER region; Secondly, examine the impression of industrial fisheries development and its relation to the transitional point of the deep-sea fishermen. The study combines primary data and secondary data to get results studies. The study was conducted through a qualitative approach by interviewing 17 informants consisting of deep-sea skipper. Informants are selected through purposive sampling and snowball sampling. The study was conducted in ECER (East Coast Economic Region) which involved four states namely Kelantan, Terengganu, Pahang and East Johor. The results of the interview are transcribed in the form of verbatim words which are the words of informants. The verbatim data were analysed using thematic analysis involving the coding process, the categorization and finally the theme output to answer the questionnaire. The analysis of the study found that the development of the fisheries industry affected the transitional process that occurred to deep-sea fishermen. The transition shows that deep-sea fishermen can accept changes in industry fisheries. In fact, the fishery transition process itself affects the social, economic, physical and policy aspects of the fisheries industry. An important discovery is some deep-sea skipper, have become fishery entrepreneurs known as 'juragan-pengusaha' (skipper-entrepreneur). Recognition of skipper as entrepreneurs indirectly impacts strategic policies in the fisheries industry in relation to the national food security assurance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The political and economic development was related apparently in the political and economic history of Terengganu. Since the first elections held in 1955 until the election of 1969, the people of Terengganu have shown their concern when choosing leaders whose they trust to develop the state, both physically and spiritually. This paper aims, to assess the attitudes and sensibilities of the people Terengganu in assessing the performance and personality of the political leaders who have been elected to represent them. The discussion in this paper is centered on the political developments ranging from elections held during the period. This discussion is based on government documents and resources from private collections and the results show that the ruling party will be evaluated by their success in achieving the goals as promised in the election manifestoes. In the manifestoes of the political parties contesting, the economic aspect is one of the key issues highlighted to gain support. Hence, the focus of this paper is to evaluate the economic development of Terengganu and the performance of the ruling party. This study found that economic development and the performance of elected leaders is a priority of the people Terengganu in choosing their political leaders and it was show in the electoral boxes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article aimed to analyse the main historical sources and the issues discussed by Syed Muhammad Naquib al-Attas in his interpretation of history on the coming and spreading of Islam into the Malay World. According to Barton, the perspective and final conclusion of historian are based on the sources that he referred to. Thus, it is important to study and analyze al-Attas's sources to understand his historical interpretation. Historical and text analysis methods were applied to gather data and examine al-Attas's works, which contains historical data on the early part of Islam in the Malay World. The works are as follow, Preliminary Statement on a General Theory of the Islamization of the Malay - Indonesian Archipelago, Islam dalam Sejarah dan Kebudayaan Melayu, The Correct Date of Terengganu Inscription and particularly Historical Fact and Fiction. The study details the primer sources in his historical interpretation are the Holy Qur'an, hadis, artifacts, genealogy (silsilah, tarsila, shajarah) and classical Malay historical texts. The findings indicated that these main historical sources were selected by al-Attas due to its utmost authority in the interpretation of history on the coming and spreading of Islam to the Malay World. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The increase of women in business activities in urban and rural areas has been a major catalyst to the country's economic growth. Women in the East Coast, especially in Kelantan and Terengganu, are seen to be quite prominent in the business world. They are very active in two types of handicraft-based enterprises, namely batik and songket. The involvement of women in batik and songket entrepreneurship not only helps in the economic aspect of the family but also realizes their desire to become a woman entrepreneur. This research aims to determine the encouragement in the formation of women batik and songket entrepreneurs in Malaysia. The qualitative case study design was used by using in-depth interviews and observations on 12 batik and songket entrepreneurs selected through the snowball sampling method in Kelantan and Terengganu. Information obtained from in-depth interviews was analyzed thematically while observations were analyzed through the inclusion of field notes, visual pictures as well as voice recordings. The results showed that the encouragement of the formation of batik and songket women entrepreneurs, the basis is the influence of the family which consists of the process of family socialization, family skills, interests, and contributions to the family. Therefore, their involvement in batik and songket entrepreneurship can be attributed to the constant upbringing and exposure from the family to form women entrepreneurs. Through entrepreneurial activities, women entrepreneurs have the potential to generate high income for their families. The high profits earned through the batik and songket industry also encourage other women to participate in batik and songket entrepreneurship in Malaysia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Household consumption behaviour refers to the expenditure incurred by the household. The progress of the Malaysian nation has given the people a great deal of modernity and is prone to materialism at the expense of their ability. Good income and expenditure management can improve the quality of life and contribute to sustainable consumption spending. The quality and well-being of one's life is an indispensable indicator of the direction of a developed nation. A study was conducted to identify factors influencing household spending on sustainable consumption. Multiple regression methods were used to examine the relationship between household spending and factors, namely income, employment, education, savings, dependencies, health and age. The results showed that each category of income had a significant factor of B40 (four significant factors), M40 (three significant factors) and T20 (one significant factor). It is hoped that this study will help policymakers and stakeholders in drafting guidelines for achieving sustainable spending. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Social mobility is a process of change or movement involving an individual or a group of people from one position to another, involving either mobility between generations or within generation. This article argues that no one single factor can fully explain social mobility because it requires a multicausal or multifactor approach. For upward social mobility, an individual requires a combination of contributory factors namely education, as well as economic and sociocultural factors, with the actor acting together in unison with the family, community and the state. The study on the coastal community in Kuala Terengganu involves a survey of 300 respondents as well as interviews and observation. Based on an analysis of four generations of the fisherfolk (the respondent, his father and grandfather, as well as the respondent's children), the study shows that a major transformation has taken place in this coastal community. By using the mobility measurements developed for the study, four patterns of social mobility have been identified. This study is a contribution to the corpus of knowledge on the sociology of development, in particular, on social change and mobility among the coastal community. The results of the study have reaffirmed the importance of having a correct approach towards the problems of the coastal community so that the government and other stakeholders may formulate and implement appropriate programmes to stimulate and manage change and development in this marginalised community. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]