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Copyright of Phegea is the property of Vlaamse Vereniging voor Entomologie and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In this paper I examine the testimonium of Aristotle's Rhetoric concerning Diogenes the Cynic (SSR V B 184). This piece of evidence is the most ancient source of Diogenes and proves that Aristotle was familiar with his writings. I also study the testimonium on Diogenes that is handed down by Theophrastus (SSR V B 172), which confirms the interest of the ancient Peripatos in this philosopher. Finally, I examine a passage of Book 1 of the Politics where Aristotle refers to the thesis on the abolition of money. I argue that such a thesis could be ascribed to Diogenes. In particular, I attempt to demonstrate that several theses of political philosophy put forward by Diogenes should be considered as constituting a polemical overthrow of the corresponding theses of Aristotle in Book 1 of his Politics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The category of the Ethico-Aesthetics, introduced by Søren Kierkegaard, was applied to the study of Byzantine Philosophy by the Greek philosopher and theologian Nikolaos Matsoukas (1934-2006). Matsoukas vehemently rejected the identification of Byzantine philosophy with a strict Christian moralism. Rather, he viewed it as an ethos which did not lead the ascetics to display Manichean contempt for the body. It was thus a kind of 'mild asceticism'. This ethical acceptance of the body turns against Neoplatonic speculation and cultivates the habitus that leads to artistic creativity. Byzantine philosophy is thus situated at the midpoint between nominalism and realism, but standing against the realism of the archetypal ideas. The paper concludes with some considerations on the pragmatics of Byzantine philosophy in a Christian world. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this study is not so much to show the presence of Antisthenes in the dialogue, but rather to examine that to which Plato alludes. The controversy over ideas between the two Socratics is historically very well-attested, as can already be seen in the Cratylus. Thus, it is reasonable to assume that this controversy must have affected Plato when he was writing the Phaedo: a dialogue in which the importance of ideas and his new logic is undeniable. Hence, this paper will investigate the following question: what impact could Antisthenes' denominative and definitory logic have on the equally denominative and definitory logic presented in the Phaedo, given that the latter work in all probability preceded the Sathōn? In light of what is said in the dialogue, the answer focuses primarily on what would not be said. Thus, this study is divided into two parts: Part one shows how the so-called "second navigation" emerges as an objection to the insufficiency of the responses given by the physiologists. Tellingly, certain "common opinions" are regarded as perplexing and individuals holding them are referred to with the indeterminate tis, which - as is argued - must have included Antisthenes. Indeed, Tht. 108c7-8 reports the latter to have made common opinions a cornerstone of his denominative logic. Part two, on the other hand, is devoted to examining the so-called "final argument." Here, Antisthenes' presence seems somewhat more nuanced, given his incomplete knowledge of the new logic of irreversible opposites which was worked out by Plato for the purpose of demonstrating the immortality and indestructibility of the soul. On the other hand, Antisthenes is likely to have prompted Plato to specify the relationship between ideas and things in the definitory logic, since the proponent of the theory of oikeios logos refused to distinguish between the substance and its attributes, the differences and their opposites, and the opposites of opposites. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this paper is to present the views of Isocrates on human excellence as a result of the educational process. The author examines some passages in Isocrates' speeches, in which the well formed human virtue seems to be changeable and still dependent on the pupils' social position. Apart from the fact that this virtue occurs as a faculty of seizing each opportunity to speak in a relevant way, it also appears to be once a kind of patience in bearing any success as well as any misfortune in the same manner, and, at other times, it presents itself as a type of activity of the mind, which seeks the best solutions to different problems of the State. It is argued that in the view of Isocrates, despite some relevancy in his model of human excellence, which must be adapted to the future social tasks of each of his pupils, human perfection always entails three most important values. Apart from speaking well at the right time and living agreeably with other people, this perfection is based, to a large extent, on some form of seriousness and a gravity of the mind, which remains totally independent of any opportunities of time. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Nordlit is the property of Universitetet i Tromsoe and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In this paper we derive Lat. pirum ‘pear’ from the PIE root *peys- ‘to crush, crumble’ (attested also in Lat. pīnsō ‘crush, pound’ and pistillum ‘pestle’). The semantic motivation lies in the delicate, crumbling texture of pears, and it has an exact parallel in Slavic, where, e.g., Croatian krƘška is derived from the same root as kršiti ‘crush’. The development of PIE *pisom > Lat. pirum is regular, since the development of *i to *e before *r was limited to the word-medial position (and the vowel e in serō ‘sow’ is analogical to the regular reflex found in compound verbs such as re-serō ‘to replant’, con-serō ‘to strew thickly’, etc.). Moreover, Gr. ápion ‘pear’ can then be easily derived from *ha-pihon < *sm-pisom, from the same PIE root *peys-.

The main assumption of this paper is that the contemporary transformation of the State and its role in the Western world has generated a significant reaction in the area of criminal law and this has led to a substantial reformulation of theories of punishment to explain the emergence of new crimes and criminal types. The paper is articulated as follows: First, I analyze the relationship between public security, the State and penalty in the modern World to show how the contemporary crisis of State sovereignty expresses the need for a new theoretical framework to explain the relationship between these terms (I). Second, I introduce the model developed by Niklas Luhmann to clarify the role of law in complex societies and the specific criminal developments from a functionalist approach proposed by Günther Jakobs (II). Third, I discuss the treatment of transnational terrorism as a phenomenon that allows to evaluate both the limits and the presuppositions of criminal law in democratic states (III). I conclude by offering some tentative answers to the question of the limits and the presuppositions of the State’s reaction in the case of criminal law (IV)

Copyright of Journal of the Archaeological Museum in Zagreb / Vjesnik Arheološkog Muzeja u Zagrebu is the property of Archaeological Museum in Zagreb and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In the lines below, in addition to the cultural and diplomatic exchanges that took place during the Carolingian period, between the Byzantines and the Latins, I will try to identify the real name of the person who stood behind the one designated by Dungalus, at the beginning of Epistola de duplici solis eclipsi anno 810, as Constantinopolitanus episcopus. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Theological Review / Bogoslovska Smotra is the property of University of Zagreb, Catholic Faculty of Theology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Through comparative analysis the paper examines the influence on the expansion of Brussels' urban structure by the choice of locations for the world and international exhibitions held in the city from 1888 to 1958. Research results show that the organisation of the exhibitions enticed the expansion of Brussels' urban structure in the directions of the chosen locations determining thereby longterm directions of the city's development. The conclusion is that the choice of exhibition location does exert influence on the growth of urban structure. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper shows the urban development of Mostar mahalles and deals with the dilemma of their number from the 16th to the late 19th c. when the city came under the Austro-Hungarian administration. Based on the known defining elements of the mahalle, the number, construction date, location and size have been determined for the Mostar mahalles, thus giving insight into Mostar's urban development in 16th-19th c. The research shows local particularities of mahalles and their status as autonomous residential urban units in the Ottoman period. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Although characteristic for his entire oeuvre, Boris Krstulović's design method is analyzed in this paper in relation to the 1960 residential building on Petretić Square in Zagreb. Placed within Croatian and international architectural trends the building reveals features of the Zagreb school of architecture. It shows the architect's critical assimilation of world trends, distance from the current production and the creation of an anthological work. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

St Rok's Park is the unique example of gardens in the topography of Zagreb, a hill connecting Lower and Upper Town. In the city's urban matrix it gives a prominent view to Lower Town. Its specific features include summer residences and the artists' colony to which it belongs. The paper analyzes the characteristics of St Rok's Park, its changes through history, the state of the historic core, renovation possibilities, and its significance in the landscape history of Zagreb. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper presents an analysis of texts written by Camillo Boito, an Italian architect, theoretician and critic of architecture and restoration, in the 1860s. The texts were published in the newspaper La Perseveranza and the journals Il Politecnico and Nuova Antologia. By analysing Boito's tractates on competitions, current state of architectural design and the need for the creation of a national architecture the author places texts within a political context of the Italian unification. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper offers an overview of the latest research on the so-called Greek-Illyrian coinage of the eastern Adriatic. More precisely, it focuses on the part of the region encompassed by the modern Republic of Croatia, i.e. the central Adriatic region. The coins in question were issued by the Greek poleis Pharos, Issa, Heraclea and Korkyra and by the Illyrian ruler Ballaios from the first half of the 4th to the 2nd c. BC, mostly in bronze but rarely also in silver. During this period, a distinctive regional monetary system can be reconstructed, one that played an important role in both local and regional economic history of the central Adriatic region.

This paper is about the relation between natural and grammatical gender in Greek and the ways in which the twain are matched or mismatched. A variety of topics is discussed, including the relation between grammatical gender and declension, the resolution of gender clashes in epicene nouns and the marking of natural gender in common nouns. Particular attention is given to the gendering of neuter diminutives with male or female referents. Age and particular aspects of “maleness” or “femaleness” are shown to be major determinants in triggering male or female instead of neuter agreement patterns, especially on anaphoric pronouns, but occasionally also on other word classes such as predicative adjectives and participles.

In this paper I explore the so-called theory of five substances that has characterized the traditional interpretation of Ficino’s ontology since Kristeller published his book The philosophy of Marsilio Ficino. My point of departure is the first chapter of Book I of his Platonic Theology. I seek to demonstrate that it is not clear that the five degrees of reality can be identified as “substances” in Ficino’s text. From the comparison of this chapter with certain passages in his Parmenides’ Commentary, I propose that it is more appropriate to describe only the first three degrees as “substances”. Therefore, the traditional interpretation of Ficino’s ontology is not accurate

Nowadays, and under the inquisitive, accusatory and mixed criminal procedural systems, the presence of the accused, indicted or defendant is mandatory at the moment in which he is being judged. Thus, effectively respecting the guarantee of possibility, which on the basis of contradiction, the accused may exercise his right to defense. However, the nonappearance of the defendant or indicted in the trial is a problem that occurs quite frequently, aggravating in cases where who is required by justice where the act subject of judicial investigation has been committed is in a country without extradition treaty. Although some countries, mainly European, have exceptionally legislated in favor of trials in absentia, disputes continue due to their instrumentation and effective guarantee and realization of justice. This paper analyzes the contribution of the Jewish legal system, for which the on-site duty on the part of the accused constitutes the basis of its criminal law, but where the voluntary or involuntary absence of the accused confronts with the undeniable biblical precept of pursuing justice. Through the Jewish legal philosophy expressed by its top representatives, lawyers and jurists, such as Maimonides, Aharon HaLevi of Barcelona, Yosef Karo, Moses Isserles, Yoel Sirkis and Yeoshua Katz, will be deepened in cases where the relationship between the absence of the accused and the need to do justice is problematized. Specifically, it will examine the legal causes and the philosophical reasons for which such a face-to-face duty is given, its exceptions, and the contributions of Judaism for cases where the accused of aberrant crimes, terrorists or crimes against humanity, do not appear before the courts

In this paper I explore the so-called theory of the five substances that has characterized the traditional interpretation of Ficino’s ontology since Kristeller published his book The philosophy of Marsilio Ficino. My point of departure is the first chapter of Book I of his Platonic Theology. I seek to demonstrate that it is not clear that the five hypostasis or degrees of reality can be identified with the term chr(38)quot;substancechr(38)quot; in Ficino’s text. From the comparison of this chapter with certain passages in his Parmenides’ Commentary, I propose that is more appropriate to describe only the first three hypostasis as chr(38)quot;substanceschr(38)quot;. Therefore, the traditional interpretation of Ficino's ontology is not accurate

The paper addresses the Greek term μεταμόρφωσις, which links Ovid’s famous Metamorphoses with Christ’s transfiguration on the mountain (Mt 17:1–8; Mk 9:2–8; Lk 9:28–36). In addition to early Jewish mystical and apocalyptic traditions, it is Greco-Roman pagan literature that may be identified as a source for this gospel account. The latter went on to elicit a rich patristic and Byzantine response (Andrew of Crete, In transfigurationem 1 [Or. 7]; Leo VI the Wise, Hom. 10.11.39), which is the focus of the present study. The comparison of literary genres, philological and semantic analysis of the term μεταμόρφωσις, and confrontation of the different influences reveals the crucial difference between the two general contexts (pagan and Christian), at the same time enhancing our understanding of both. While Ovid’s numerous apotheoses are recognised as an important contribution, they differ from the patristic term θέωσις in their lack of inner, spiritual transformation.

This paper presents the way in which the members of the Generation of the ‘30s, a Greek literary movement in the interwar period, formed their collective identity or denied it, and how they defined themselves as a ‘generation’ without ever creating a formal literary school. I also observe how this affected the conclusions of later literary historians. The article contains a brief presentation of the situation in Greek literature before the appearance of the Generation of the ‘30s, since the notion of a break with tradition or else reinterpretation of literary heritage was at the core of their self-definition. I focus mainly on the work of Yorgos Theotokas and his contribution to the forming of their ‘myth’, as he calls it himself, and present his first and most important essay, The Free Spirit.

The paper presents the many corrupt or suspect practices encountered by Quintus Aurelius Symmachus, a prominent senator of the late 4th century, in his capacity as city prefect (384/5). These practices afford some insight into the functioning of Late Antique interest-based networks, which enabled individuals or groups to influence and hamper the work of the imperial administration.

During the period of the so-called Silver age of Russian culture, three outstanding translators of the Greek tragedy, Tadeusz Zieliński, Innokentiy Annensky and Vyacheslav Ivanov, put forward the idea of the third, Slavonic Renaissance – the new rebirth of Antiquity, with the leading role of the Slavic peoples, particularly the Russians. They claimed that while the first Renaissance was Romanesque and the second German (in the era of Winckelmann, Goethe and German classical philology), the third one was supposed to be Slavonic. In the early Soviet period, the idea of Slavonic Renaissance brought about some unexpected results, first of all precisely in the sphere of theater. The paper focuses on how symbolist ideas got to be expressed in the performances of classical tragedies. Ivanov authored the expression “creative self-performance” that later, in the Soviet era, acquired the meaning of “non-professional performance,” such as comedies staged by “sailors and the Red Army soldiers,” Adrian Piotrovsky’s “amateur theatre,” and the pioneer reconstruction of the scenic performance of Aristophanes’ comedies done by Sergey Radlov, Adrian Piotrovsky, and others.

The Athenian Women, written by the American George Cram Cook with input from Susan Glaspell, is a serious, substantial play drawing chiefly on Lysistrata and Thesmophoriazusae. It premiered on March 1st 1918 with the Provincetown Players. Cook was convinced of parallels between the Peloponnesian War and World War I. He believed there had been communists in Periclean Athens comparable to those who were making strides in Russia (in 1922 to become the USSR) and the socialists in America, amongst whom he and Glaspell counted themselves. The paper examines the text and production contexts of The Athenian Women, traces its relationships with several different ancient Greek authors including Thucydides as well as Aristophanes, and identifies the emphatically stated socialist and feminist politics articulated by the two main ‘proto-communist’ characters, Lysicles and Aspasia. Although the play was not particularly successful, its production had a considerable indirect impact on the future directions taken by left-wing theatre in the USA, through the subsequent dramas of Glaspell and Eugene O’Neill for the Provincetown Players.