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The paper discusses the idea that the evaluation of public policies is witnessing a remarkable enlargement of its domain, in four relevant dimensions- its object, effect, methods, and data.Regarding the objects of evaluation, policy makers are increasingly interested not only in the evaluation of the content of policies (output) or the result (outcome), but also on a broader notion of impact, which includes direct and indirect effects, on the sub-system under analysis and on society at large. Regarding the effects of policies, the paper calls the attention on the rising of the notion of conditionality, requiring more flexible and sophisticated approaches for in itinere evaluation. With respect to new methods, the paper discusses new developments in counterfactual methods, robust nonparametric approaches (robust and conditional), as well as methods to deal with non commensurable indicators. Finally, the implications for evaluation of policies of the availability of microdata from public sources are examined. In all these devekopments new challenges are identified, calling for advanced methodological and quantitative work. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper aims to frame the genesis and governance of the European Stability Mechanism (ESM), which has recently been the subject of a heated public debate both on its changes and on its use to solve the health crisis that has affected the Eurozone ten years after the economic crisis that began in 2008. Although the ESM poses many legal problems, it was considered useful to focus on the functioning of the Treaty conditionalities, the impact on national policy direction and the democratic deficit of these intergovernmental mechanisms. One wonders whether this is really the idea of the European Union that the founding fathers wanted and whether the time is ripe to make a real (and significant) turning point that is indispensable for the survival of the European project. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The current public policies aimed at ensuring a proper existence for all people who lack the necessary resources collide with the different legislations and political guidelines that are pursued within the Member States of the European Union This paper offers a starting point for the debate on basic income/guaranteed minimum income, considering the possible pathways for classifying and comparing several legal experiences in the European framework. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper deals with a few general issues concerning librarians' education and professional refresher training, and was inspired by a meditation on the deep changes that are taking place in the world of academic and research libraries. The subject has recently been addressed in a meeting held in Milan on November 22th-23th 2012 - “Stati generali dei professionisti del patrimonio culturale" (States-General of cultural workers) - promoted by MAB Italia. Also, it has become an hot topic after the recent approval of law no. 4 of January 14th 2013, Disposizioni in materia di professioni non organizzate (Rules on professions not governed by a professional order) which introduces new legal profiles for professionals not belonging to any professional order- librarians included. The paper makes a clear distinction between professional refresher training and higher education, claiming that technological and digital skills are essential for the profession, but have to be grounded on a broader and more structured cultural background that may help librarians to deal with the constant changes that all kinds of libraries are facing over and over today. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper presents a reflection on the policy of cost-cutting and spending review in the Italian public sectors. The thesis is twofold. First of all, the paradigm used by the spending reviews' policies is based on the macro-economic theory that doesn't take into account the complexity of the implementation processes. Secondly, the weakness of the administrative technical bureaucracies in coordinating modernisation processes produces an incoherent diffusion of innovations. The paper discusses, as empirical examples, two relevant national programmes in the field of the judicial sector; these programmes are mobilising an interesting governance network at the territorial (local) level and a vast number of projects in specific territorial areas. The implementation of these interventions shows, however, that many judicial offices of the Nation lack the necessary resources and capabilities to sustain modernisation projects and, at the same time, the difficulty of central bureaucracies to oversee and safeguard a coherent fulfilment of the diffusion objectives, due to the fragility of technical bodies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper reports an evaluation exercise led on behalf of the Regione of Lombardy during the years 2009-2011. Authors evaluated a set of regional programs (le "doti", lite rally "dowries") aimed at the employment of various categories of disadvantaged individuals. Treated subjects would receive a voucher, by which they could access a set of employment-oriented services by a set of providers, both public and private, certified by the Regione. The evaluation exercise was aimed at ranking the service providers on the basis of their effectiveness. First, the paper describes the data provided to the evaluation group, and a set of problems related to the program design. Then, the statistical models are presented: two version of a multilevel random effect models, and a model of analysis of the productive efficiency frontier (DEA). Finally, the paper explains why the ranking provided by the models cannot be used operationally, and what can be done to overcome the problems and get a satisfying evaluation of important public policies such as the one considered. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The analysis of the relationships between evaluation activities and re-organization of early educational provision in Italy shows the potential role of evaluation in the processes of modernization of public administration. Local governments need both to guarantee a good quality of the public as well as subsidized early educational centers and to build up an integrated network of all the centers in their area. In this perspective, evaluation becomes a basic tool of local governance. This paper will present a project of evaluation of infant-toddler daycare centers realized on demand of the City of Rome. The project implemented an articulated system of evaluation based on a process of discussion on the definition and evaluation of quality that was shared among different stakeholders and implemented according to procedures of documentation, analysis, and evaluation of the different components of the center quality. The analysis of this experience shows that, within an integrated local network of early educational centers, the evaluation activities aimed at institutional accreditation or at excellence accreditation are likely to be the same. The paper also discusses the value of an approach to the evaluation of early educational services based on inter-subjectivity and participation of many stakeholders. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper begins from testing a renewed interest by the Italian legislator about aspects of land ownership, and examines recent proposals of regulatory measures presented in the years 2012 and 2013. Therefore are taken into account the law projects concerning the so called 'Consumption' of agricultural land, presented to the Parliament by the Italian government either in September 2012 then in June 2013, following the election of the new Parliament in the Spring of 2013. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper discusses the evolution of public performance evaluation from the early nineties to the present, age of the so-called spending review. It is a re-reading of facts with an operational dimension, also to orient future choices and the growth of the country, promoting policies for the development of productive public spending and acknowledging merit. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper highlights the process of social and institutional change within which evaluation practices are embedded in Italy. To recall the main institutional and normative framework through which the Italian public administration has read its own change can explain the reason why evaluation is necessarily a part of collective decision processes and of their institutionalization. The role participation procedures to public decision processes play in this change reveal the main social and cultural issues which are at stake: the due process and the separation of powers - the one no more considered, as it once was, as a criterion and a boundary for administrative action; the other no more assumed as a democratic criterion to distinguish public decisions as either political or administrative ones. Administrative action and political decisions can be no more conclusively identified within the legal framework. They are constituted by the procedural enactment of administrative planning processes; they are also the focus of what we define as civil evaluation: the kind of evaluation processes which are strategic in the re-definition of both citizenship and administration as well as in the institutionalization of their mutual relationship. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]