1. Chancen und Risiken der Reproduktionsbiotechnologien in der Tierzucht - Verfahren des Gene Editing und des Klonens.
- Author
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HÖLKER, MICHAEL
- Subjects
- *
GENOME editing , *SOMATIC cell nuclear transfer , *MOLECULAR cloning , *ANIMAL cloning , *FOOD industry , *AGRICULTURAL industries - Abstract
A manuscript published in the scientific journal "Nature" in 1996 reported on the cloning of sheep by somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) into enucleated oocytes. The donor nuclei came from an established cell line, which in turn were derived from a sheep fetus. This method provided fundamental insights into understanding the molecular basis of cellular totipotency, pluripotency and the mechanisms underlying nuclear genome reprogramming. However, it was not until the birth of the cloned sheep "Dolly" that cloning came to the attention of the general public. However, new technologies often only unfold their impact in combination with other findings. In the case of cloning by somatic nuclear transfer, this is the combination with genome editing, as the combination of these two techniques enables the efficient generation of animals with edited genomes. This summary therefore aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the animals that have already been cloned in the past and the current status of edited farm animals in the context of commercial and pre-commercial applications. This overview will explicitly cover applications in the agricultural and food sector and does not claim to be exhaustive with regard to applications that serve biomedical purposes. In terms of content, the opportunities and risks associated with these technologies are addressed, with particular reference to the current legal framework in various countries around the world. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024