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The article discusses a November 2008 further education conference at the Carl von Ossietzky Provincial and University Library in Hamburg, Germany on the theme "So That Paper Persists... Experiences With Mass Deacidification." The rationale, methodology, scope, and evaluated results of paper deacidification projects in various German libraries were reviewed.

A position paper on the topic of freedom of expression and the right to access political, ideological, and religious literature in libraries is presented.

The article focusses on the recently discovered papers of Clemens von Delbrück (1856-1921), which are held by the Thuringian University and State Library in Jena - a central source for the history of the German Empire and the early Weimar Republic. Delbrück enjoyed a remarkable career, which took him to high positions within the Prussian administration, culminating in his time as a Secretary of State from 1909 to 1916, when he decisively co-determined German domestic policies. In 1918 Delbrück was the last director of the Imperial Civil Cabinet. In 1919 he was among the leading authors of the Weimar Constitution. Since the October 1st. 2009 the Delbrück-papers are being made accessible within a joint project of the Thuringian University and State Library and the Historical Seminar of the Braunschweig University of Technology. The results will be published online. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Information about the symposium "Fragment und Makulatur. Vom Einbandfund zur Internetpräsentation", a symposium on the question whether to restore manuscript fragments and to consider them as missing links, or if they are considered waste paper, held July 2, 2012 in Duisburg, Germany is presented. Other topics mentioned are the conservation of manuscripts, a special treatment of Jewish manuscript fragments, and an overview of recent studies is provided.

The article discusses a May 2007 ruling of the appellate court in Munich, Germany which held that sending copies of scientific journal articles via email violates copyright laws in effect. The alternatives explored are to send paper copies by post or to obtain licensing of the technical articles prior to their electronic transmission.

The article announces that a position paper on library legislation was developed during the membership meeting of the Borromäusverein e.V. on September 13, 2007. In particular, the paper addresses issues pertaining to library standards and legislation. Additionally, the topic of church and library work in Germany is addressed in the paper.

Der Bericht informiert über die Tätigkeit der Arbeitsgemeinschaft der Regionalbibliotheken in der Sektion 4 des Deutschen Bibliotheksverbands (dbv) in den Jahren 2015 und 2016. This report provides information about the activities of the consortium of regional libraries (AG Regionalbibliotheken) within section 4 of the German Library Association in the years 2015 and 2016. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of ABI Technik is the property of De Gruyter and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Internationales Archiv für Sozialgeschichte der deutschen Literatur is the property of De Gruyter and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The article discusses the provisions of a strategy paper commissioned by the European State Secretaries on April 14, 1989 and its focus on the problem of "mittelbare Disckriminierung" (indirect discrimination) and the principle of territoriality in social policy. In particular the topic of the influence European policy on German social policy is investigated for its political and financial implications.

The article reports on a public relations campaign, started in August 2010, to advertise the book preservation and mass deacidification program at the library of the University of Heidelberg, Germany, which has been funded by the state of Baden-Württemberg since 2005. It describes strategic planning, target audience analysis, marketing concept development, and execution of the campaign, with special emphasis on its Internet-based components.

The article discusses a February 1972 seminar on the theme of "Der Allgemeine Teil des Sozialgesetzbuches" ("The General Section of the Social Security Law Code"). A welcoming address by Dr. Wilhelm Wertenbruch is presented in which he reviews personnel deficits and the need for interdisciplinary approaches. Five speaker presentations follow the welcoming address.

Copyright of Zeitschrift für Bankrecht und Bankwirtschaft is the property of De Gruyter and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

A call for papers is presented for a conference entitled "Forschen mit dem Mikrozensus," on research on social structure and social change in Germany, to be held in Mannheim, Germany, from November 11-12, 2014.

Copyright of Praehistorische Zeitschrift is the property of De Gruyter and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Zeitschrift für Soziologie is the property of De Gruyter and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Info DaF: Informationen Deutsch als Fremdsprache is the property of De Gruyter and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Today literary criticism contests the 'Volksbuch' as a genre since its criteria seem under-defined. This paper aims, from a functional point of view, to explain its historical success by tracing four histories of this genre. The under-definition of the genre turns out as the precondition of its manifold employments. What the different histories have in common is the imagination of the 'Volksbuch', which could unify the German nation. The 'Volksbuch', the paper will argue, is a virtual modern genre which imagines an anti-modern state of society and literature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Due to the fact that the unemployment rate of high skilled labour in Germany is about 3% in the last 30 years, this paper deals with theories that account for heterogeneous labour. The main finding is that the reduction of the labour costs cannot reduce the aggregated unemployment rate substantially. An important conclusion is that the skill upgrading of the labour force is slower than that of labour demand. The future of work in Germany lies not in low paid low skilled jobs, but in high(er) skilled occupation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Zeitschrift fur Wirtschaftspolitik is the property of De Gruyter and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The paper focuses on the forming of expectations by regulatory authorities in the case of merger control after 1973, when the German legislator stipulated a decision by its officials on future competition in relevant markets. The regulatory and decision-making behavior of officials is analyzed on the basis of selected merger procedures in the chemical industry, which underwent far-reaching structural change in the 1970s and 1980s. Here, institutionalization processes for overcoming information asymmetries and the formation of market expectations can be diagnosed inside the office as well as inside the firms. Adaptive expectations with regard to current market diagnoses and legal assumptions ("Vermutungstatbestände") play a significant role for their forecast decisions. The study is based on previously unpublished files of the Federal Cartel Office. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

After 1949, many former National Socialists reorganised themselves in the Federation of Independents (Verband der Unabhängigen, VdU) and its successor party, the Freedom Party of Austria (FreiheitlichePartei Österreichs, FPÖ). As the first party leader of the FPÖ since 1955/56, Anton Reinthaller (1895-1958) played a central role in the political formation of the "Ehemalige" (former Nazi Party members). On the basis of the hitherto unused papers of Anton Reinthaller, the present contribution sketches the political career of the founder of the FPÖ from his time as an illegal National Socialist during Austrofascism, his appointment as a Nazi minister in 1938 and his various positions during the Nazi period up to his political biography after 1945. The correspondence, personal notes and court documents contained in his papers not only provide a good overview of the networks and the discourse among former Nazis after 1945, but also allow for the investigation of Reinthaller's position towards National Socialism and his retrospective self-presentations. The early history of the FPÖ is investigated by interlacing organisational history and a biographical approach: In its tension between biographical and ideological continuities on the one hand and the willingness and capability to adapt to different political circumstances on the other hand, the example of Anton Reinthaller reveals a typical "Austrian" perpetrator biography which has not been given much attention by research to date. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Zeitschrift für das Gesamte Genossenschaftswesen is the property of De Gruyter and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Zeitschrift für Soziologie is the property of De Gruyter and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Monatsschrift fuer Kriminologie und Strafrechtsreform is the property of De Gruyter and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In the German federal elections on September 22, 2013, for the first time after 64 years, the Free Democratic Party (FDP) was not elected to the German federal parliament, the Bundestag, anymore. Less surprising than this fact is the malice of its political opponents with which this landslide defeat was accompanied. In this paper, it is argued that the hostility towards the Free Democrats originates from its turn to the Christian Democrats in 1982 with the so called Manifesto for the Market Economy written by Otto Graf Lambsdorff, then Federal Minister of the Economy. The Manifesto argued for a consolidation of public finance and tax reductions, for reforms in the labor market and the social security systems, and for a liberalization and privatization policy. While the Free Democrats did not achieve much of that agenda during the coalition with the Christian Democrats, it influenced the Agenda 2010 by Chancellor Schröder. The paper concludes with a proposal for a renewal of supply side policies in Germany and a renewal of the reform agenda. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Zeitschrift für das Gesamte Genossenschaftswesen is the property of De Gruyter and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Bibliotheksdienst is the property of De Gruyter and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In this introduction, we review the state of the art of stock market history in Germany and preview the main findings of the articles published in this special issue. In Germany, scholars have long focused on institutional aspects of stock market history. Yet, starting in the late 1990s, quantitative work also started to take-off. Some of the articles published in this special issue go further down this road. Moreover, several of the following papers deal with the history of German stock markets during the interwar period, a period so far neglected by research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Arbeit is the property of De Gruyter and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The paper analyses the incidence of the nuclear fuel tax, which has been imposed on operators of nuclear power plants by Germany's Federal Government in 2011. The incidence of the tax matters not only from a distributional perspective, but also from a legal point of view as constitutional rules governing public finances in Germany mandate that the burden of a tax can be shifted to consumers in order for a tax to be declared as a consumption tax. Otherwise, the Federal Government has much more limited competences to invent new taxes. This paper shows that the burden of the nuclear fuel tax can neither be shifted to consumers in electricity spot or future markets nor can it be shifted to sellers of nuclear fuels. Hence, the incidence falls entirely on nuclear power plant operators and is, therefore, equivalent to a tax on their profits. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Zeitschrift für Unternehmens- und Gesellschaftsrecht is the property of De Gruyter and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This paper focuses on the legal monopoly for sporting bets in Germany. We analyze the pricing behavior of the monopolist ODDSET and find that typical pricing inefficiencies on betting markets are reinforced under the monopoly. This result in conjunction with the decreasing tax revenue may motivate a liberalization of betting markets in Germany. We consider several tax designs for a liberalized market and favor gross earnings as tax base. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Bibliothek Forschung und Praxis is the property of De Gruyter and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Zeitschrift für Unternehmens- und Gesellschaftsrecht is the property of De Gruyter and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The paper analyzes the „Eingliederungsvereinbarung" from a perspective of constitutional political economy. The „Eingliederungsvereinbarung" (§ 15 SGB II) is a formal contract between registered unemployed persons and the German Federal Employment Office (Bundesagentur für Arbeit) with the objective of reintegrating the jobless person into the job market promptly. It regulates the so-called „Eingliederungsstrategie" which defines the mutual rights and duties between the employment office and the jobless person. Using qualitative date the paper highlights existing shortcomings of the „Eingliederungsvereinbarung" and suggests necessary improvements. Although the „Eingliederungsvereinbarung" matches the constitutional interest of jobless people of being reintegrated into the job market the actual arrangement of this social policy instrument run contrary to its purpose. To gain a deeper understanding of the dynamic process of negotiating this contract, a theoretical model is developed which allows for a clear distinction between the level of rules and the level of action. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents an overview of the results of the research project 'The psycholinguistics of a grammar for reading German' which has been carried out at the University of Fribourg/Freiburg (CH). The project is based on the idea that the most natural and direct way to multilingualism starts with receptive competence in a third language. In the context of research into European intercomprehension, it investigates Italian and French students' grammatical problems while reading in German as an L3 or L4. To achieve this aim, we worked with specially developed experimental designs. The main research instrument was a reading test which consisted of encyclopaedia articles on imaginary animals. By way of these articles seven grammatical structures of German were tested for their receptive difficulty, with a particular focus on grammatical structures that are traditionally deemed to be difficult for learners of German as a second/foreign language. This general opinion, however, is based on teachers' experience and/or production evidence and not on a systematic investigation of comprehension processes. Further research instruments were a German placement test as well as a self-evaluation of the students' competences in reading in other foreign languages. In addition, oral translation exercises into the L1 of the participants were carried out which helped to gain further insight into the process of reading comprehension. In our paper, we will discuss under what circumstances certain grammatical structures pose problems to readers at various levels of language proficiency. On the basis of oral translation protocols, of general cognitive (language) processing mechanisms, and the structure of the German language, tentative explanations will be given as to why certain sentences/structures are more difficult to understand than others and why some structures do not seem to be a problem at all. The results of the study allow fine-grained insights into the impediments (or their absence) particular structures represent for in-depth comprehension of German texts at various levels of competence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Arbeit is the property of De Gruyter and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Zeitschrift fur Wirtschaftspolitik is the property of De Gruyter and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Zeitschrift für Soziologie is the property of De Gruyter and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Arbeit is the property of De Gruyter and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Due to labor market reforms in Germany some years ago, the incentives to work changed. The paper analyzes the effects of the reforms on the reservation wages for specific groups. The replacement rates implied by the system of unemployment benefits and by the rules of means-tested social assistance are investigated in detail. In addition, the paper describes the development of the replacement rates in the recent decades. It turns out that the replacement rates increased in the period 1950 to 1975. Thereafter, the rates for the specific groups developed differently. However, in 2008 the rates are higher than they had been in the fifties and the sixties. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper investigates the impact of an Allowance for Corporate Equity (ACE) on the expected tax revenues and on the international tax competition. Beginning with an analysis of the relation between the rate of return on equity and the interest rate on the capital market, this paper figures out some effects which cause surprisingly low net assets used to calculate the ACE. This yields to a strong impact on the financial structure of multicorporate enterprises although there is only a moderate decline in tax revenues. Focusing profit shifting via transfer prices, the ACE has no positive effect. Only a cut of the corporate tax rate is useful in this context. The relevance of these results is additionally affirmed by using the statistical data published by the "Deutsche Bundesbank", the central bank of Germany, which includes an aggregated corporate balance sheet. All in all, the ACE can be seen as an alternative to the new German thin capitalization rules applied in 2008 ("Zinsschranke"). Additionally, the low tax revenue losses constitute a new advantage for the ACE as a blueprint for corporate tax reforms. This is also interesting because an ACE could reduce the negative effects on the financial structure of firms which accompanies the implementation of a low withholding tax on interests. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Microsimulation models (MSM) and Computable General Equilibrium models (CGE) have both been widely used in policy analysis. The combination of these two model types allows the utilization of the advantages of both types. The aim of this paper is to describe the state-of-the-art in simulation modeling and to demonstrate the benefits of linking both model types modeling using a flat tax reform proposal for Germany. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Arbeit is the property of De Gruyter and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The design of the German statutory long-term care insurance (LTCI) is deficient in many respects. One of the major flaws in nursing home care is the inherent incentive problem concerning the relationship of the insured, the insurers and the nursing homes: For one, there is no competition amongst the insurers which influences the negotiation behaviour towards the nursing homes concerning the fixing of the daily payment rates. The nursing homes in turn are more or less unrestricted at setting the daily payment rate as the insured are mostly not in a position to fully practice their consumer sovereignty in case of the need of long-term care treatment. In the framework of this paper we try to quantify the efficiency reserve behind these disincentives in nursing home care and try to assess to what extent the contribution rate to LTCI could be reduced, if the efficieny reserves were exhausted. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The recent discussion about the revision of German merger control underlines the relevance of media economic questions. This discussion frequently neglects the particularities of media markets, for example the mutual interconnection of advertising and media markets, i.e. of "two-sided markets". In this paper the impact of "two-sided markets" on mergers is analyzed. The results indicate that an intensive analysis of each case because of the heterogeneity of each market and a stronger economization of merger control would be useful. The basis for an economization could be quantitative analyses that are conducted using existing market data. The print media market is an example of the peculiarities of "two-sided markets" at which network externalities lead to pricing behavior that deviates from that on normal markets. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The German labour market is in dire need of regulatory changes. The Hartz Commission was assigned the task to provide measures for the reform of German labour market policy. This paper, analyses whether the suggestions of the commission promise a substantial improvement of labour market policy with the intended effect of a large decrease in unemployment. To check this, results from theoretical and empirical labour market research are used to create a benchmark. The suggestions of the commission are checked against this benchmark. The result is, however, that the suggested policies of the commission are not well suited to provide a substantial reduction of unemployment. In the final part of the paper, the reason for political failure in this area is analysed as well as the role of commissions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Most evaluation studies for Germany’s active labor market policy (ALMP) indicate that subsidized employment programs in the public sector (public works programs, “Arbeitsbeschaffungsmaßnahmen”) and publicly funded training programs have, on average, no or even negative effects on individual re-employment probabilities. This paper provides possible explanations for the ineffectiveness of these programs, where we focus on heterogeneous treatment effects, which are not accounted for in the German evaluation studies due to lack of data, and locking-in effects, in particular related to the relatively high level of income support for participants in these programs. Since there is very little direct evidence on these effects for Germany to date, we draw on results from evaluation studies for other European countries. We argue that the success of ALMP is to a large extent determined by design features like the targeting of particular groups and the incentives from the co-ordination with unemployment insurance as well as the incentives of program administrators and local governments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]