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Copyright of Orthodontie Française is the property of John Libbey Eurotext Ltd. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The clinical illustration presented here showcases the psychotherapeutic benefits of art therapy for children experiencing separation anxiety. Its containing quality facilitates the reconstruction of internal and external boundaries and fosters a sense of personal integrity. By stimulating creativity, imagination, and the projection of internal fears, art therapy enables children to process and express their emotions effectively, leading to improved emotional regulation and coping mechanisms. Separation anxiety can give rise to social and academic adaptation difficulties, which are often associated with learning challenges and academic failures. Based on this, we concluded through an experiment that introducing art therapy, as a form of mental health care for these children, is highly beneficial for improving their well-being.

As a result of the COVID-19 pandemic, the use of technology and the internet was highlighted when teachers were encouraged to prepare teaching materials, so that online classes could be conducted smoothly and children`s education could continue. This form of teaching and activities, as well as isolation itself, resulted in children spending hours in front of the screen. The paper will present the results of a survey of the opinions of teachers (N=43) and parents of school-age children (N=55), regarding the habits, benefits and dangers of using the internet by children in the lower grades of elementary school. Descriptive and frequency analysis, as well as z-test and t-test, were used to process the obtained data in order to determine whether there is a difference in the opinion of teachers and parents about the forms of the child's use of the internet, the benefits and safety of using the internet.

Abstract Objective Structural racism is a systemic phenomenon in Brazilian society that distributes conditions of subordination and privilege among racial groups, reinforcing the dominance of the White group. Its individual expression can be seen throughout daily interactions. Children, through immersion in the social fabric, construct their cultural identity and gradually develop a sense of belonging to an ethno-racial group. The aim of this study is to identify racialized social stereotypes about hair in conversations among girls aged 9 to 11 years old. Method Two groups were organized in a public school, each consisting of two Black and two White girls. They participated in seven video-recorded play sessions, averaging 30 minutes each. Among the toys were a Black, blonde, Oriental, and a brown-haired White doll. Results Microgenetic analysis was performed, focusing on conversation segments about ethnic-racial belonging. Conclusion It revealed racist beliefs and values underlying the meanings attributed to hair.

Lacan will highlight the articulation of need, demand and desire by taking support from the observation of the child. The analytic experience with children leads us to take the measure of the structural span of the operation of subtraction that language inflicts on the living. The result of this subtraction is congruent with the ineducable dimension of desire. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract Introduction - Le diabète chez l’enfant subit une mutation profonde en termes de fréquence et de recul de l’âge de début depuis une vingtaine d’années au niveau mondial. L’Algérie est particulièrement impactée par l’épidémie au point de figurer depuis 2016 dans le ‘top 10’ des pays à très forte incidence de diabète de type 1 (DT1). Notre étude a pour but de présenter l’évolution épidémiologique du DT1 de l’enfant à travers le registre de la wilaya d’Oran. Matériels et méthodes - La population de référence est celle de la wilaya d’Oran. Les nouveaux cas de DT1 proviennent des unités de première ligne et des services de pédiatrie. L’enregistrement était centralisé au niveau du service de pédiatrie «C» du CHU d’Oran depuis 1973 avec une exhaustivité proche de 100%. Résultats - Du 1er janvier 1973 au 31 décembre 2017, 2358 nouveaux cas de DT1 de moins de 15 ans au diagnostic du DT1 ont été enregistrés. L’incidence annuelle moyenne des moins de 15 ans des cinq dernières années 2013-2017 s’établit à 31,12± 3,60 cas pour 100 000 avec une évolution annuelle moyenne de 12,78% sur les 25 dernières années. Les évolutions annuelles moyennes des classes d’âge pédiatriques de [0-4], [5-9] ans et [10-14] ans sont de 15,03, 15,50 et de 9,10%, respectivement. L’incidence pour 1000 naissances vivantes des années 1998-2002 montre un risque de contracter un DT1 dans les 15 premières années de vie de 3,5 p. 1000. La prévalence était de 207 pour 100.000, soit 1 DT1 pour 482 enfants de moins de 15 ans, au 31 décembre 2017. Le sex-ratio s’établit à 0,99 pour l’ensemble des cas, mais subit des variations cycliques significatives avec des extrêmes de 0,80 et 1,14 (p=0,02). La saisonnalité hiver/été, significative de 1973 à 2014 en faveur des mois d’hiver, ne l’est plus à partir de 2015. Conclusion - L’augmentation persistante de l’incidence et le rajeunissement marqué de l’âge d’apparition du DT1 de l’enfant de la wilaya d’Oran sont une réalité depuis une vingtaine d’années. Cette évolution, liée essentiellement à l’environnement, ne va pas sans poser de nouvelles difficultés aux familles et aux équipes en charge. Abstract Introduction - Diabetes in children is undergoing a profound change in terms of fre-quency and decrease in age in the last twenty years worldwide. Algeria is particularly impacted by the epidemic to the point of appearing in the ‘top 10’ 2016 of countries with very high incidence of type 1 diabetes (T1D). Our study aims to present the epidemiological evolution of T1D in children through a recruitment of 45 years in the register of the department of Oran. Materials and Methods - The reference population is that of the department of Oran. New cases of T1D are children under 15 years old coming from front-line units and pediatric departments. Registration was centralized at the level of the «C» pediatric unit of Oran University Hospital since 1973 with an assessment close to 100%. Results - From January 1st, 1973 to December 31st, 2017, 2358 T1D new cases aged less than 15 years at T1D diagnosis have been registered. The average annual inci-dence under 15 years old for the last 5 years 2013-2017 is 31.12± 3.60 cases per 100 000 with an annual evolution average of 12.78% in the last 25 years. The annual evo-lution average of pediatric age groups are 15.03, 15.50 and 9.10%, respectively for children of [0-4], [5-9] and [10-14] years old. The incidence per 1 000 live births shows a risk of contracting T1D in the first 15 years of life of around 3.5. At December 31, 2017, the prevalence was 207 for 100 000 equivalent to 1 T1D for 482 children under 15,. The sex-ratio for all cases is 0.99 (1175 boys / 1183 girls), but undergoes cyclical variations with extremes of 0.80 and 1.14 between the periods 1978-1997 and 1998-2007 (p= 0.02). The winter/summer seasonality, significant from 1973 to 2014 in favor of winter months is no longer available starting from 2015. Conclusion - In agreement with other teams, we confirm the outsized increase in the incidence of T1D and the rejuvenation of the age at onset in children under 15 in our country. This evolution, mainly related to environmental problems poses new difficul-ties to families and teams in charge of the disease.

Abstract Introduction / objectifs - Dans le diabète de type 1, la rémission partielle a uneffet bénéfique sur les complications aigues et chroniques. Notre objectif était dedécrire la rémission partielle et d’identifier ses facteurs prédictifs dans une cohorted’enfants et d’adolescents atteints de cette maladie.Patients et méthodes - Les enfants et adolescents âgés de moins de 15 ans, admisentre juin 2013 et juillet 2014, ayant débuté l’insulinothérapie moins d’un moisavant leur admission ont été inclus dans l’étude.Résultats - Cent-dix-sept (117) nouveaux cas ont été étudiés avec un sex-ratio de0,86, ont été analysés. A l’admission, l’âge moyen était de 8,2± 4,3 ans. L’acidocétoseinaugurale était présente dans 26 % des cas. La rémission (moins de 0,5 U/Kg/j d’insuline et HbA1c? 7,5%) a été obtenue chez 21 enfants, soit dans 17,95 %des cas avec une durée moyenne de 5,2 ± 4,2 mois (min. 3-max. 15). La rémissionétait significativement plus fréquente chez les enfants qui n’avaient pas présentéd’acidocétose inaugurale (p< 0,01), chez ceux qui n’avaient pas de germains atteintsde DT1 (p< 0,05) et chez les filles (p< 0,02). Il n’y avait pas de relation significativeavec le taux d’HbA1c à l’admission, le niveau d’instruction ou d’occupationmaternelle, l’origine géographique et l’âge.Conclusions - L’acidocétose au diagnostic est un facteur prédictif négatif de rémissionpartielle. L’absence de DT1 chez les germains et le sexe féminin sont desfacteurs prédictifs de rémission propres à notre contexte de travail. AbstractIntroduction /objectives - Partial remission, in type 1 diabetes, has beneficial ef-fects on acute and chronic complications. The aim of the study was to describe par-tial remission and identify its predictive factors in a cohort of children and adoles-cents with type 1 diabetes.Methods - Children and adolescents under 15 years, admitted between June 2013 and July 2014, having started insulin treatment within a month before admission were studied.Results - One hundred and seventeen new consecutive cases were analyzed. At ad-mission, sex ratio was 0.86, age was 8.2 ± 4.3 years (27%

ABSTRACT Objective: Psychological maturity can be comprehended as a multifaceted construct encompassing various psychosocial, emotional, and cognitive attributes. The aim of this study was to investigate evidence of validity of the Psychological Development Index for the Comprehensive System Zulliger Test. Method: The data analysis considered the Mann-Whitney test, Cohen's d, Spearman's correlation and the coefficient difference test. Finally, multiple regression analysis was used to verify the relationship between age and Developmental Index with a 253 children and adolescents between 7 and 14 years of age participated. Results: The results indicated evidence of concurrent criterion validity to Development Index, pointing out statistically significant differences between age groups. Conclusion: Regarding the evidence of convergent validity of the Development Index between the Zulliger Comprehensive System and the Rorschach Performance Assessment System tests, nothing can be proven. This study is limited by the age range of the sample, as well as the transposition of the Rorschach Performance Assessment System Development Index calculation to the Zulliger Comprehensive System.

Résumé Nous rapportons un cas rare de médulloblastome extra axial siégeant au niveau de l’angle ponto-cérébelleux chez une enfant de 4 ans. Cette tumeur s’est manifestée par un tableau d’hyper tension intracrânienne avec altération de l’état de conscience évoluant depuis deux mois. Le scanner cérébral retrouvait une masse spontanément hyper dense plaquée contre la paroi postérieure du rocher gauche associée a une dilatation modérée du système ventriculaire sus-tentoriel. La patiente a été opérée en urgence de sa tumeur cérébrale. L’évolution clinique post opératoire était satisfaisante. Le diagnostic de médulloblastome a été confirmé par l’histopathologie. Abstract We report a rare case of an extra-axial medulloblastoma at the cerebello-pontine angle. This case concerns a 4-year-old child with an intracranial hypertension syndrome with alterations in the state of consciousness evolving for two months. Cerebral scanning found a mass spontaneously hyper dense plated against the posterior wall of the associated left rock with a moderate dilatation of the ventricular system. Patient was operated in emergency of her brain tumor. The postoperative clinical evolution was satisfactory; the cerebral CT of control confirmed the total excision of the tumor. The diagnosis of medulloblastoma was confirmed by histopathology.

Research Framework : Parents can use at least two strategies to limit the detrimental effects of their child’s use of digital technology. Active mediation refers to sharing, discussing and exchanging opinions with the child on the influences of technology. Restrictive mediation involves setting rules around its usage, as well as technical measures, such as installing parental controls.Objectives : The aim of this study is to examine some parent-specific (i.e., gender, education level, problematic social media use) and family specific (i.e., parental stress, number of siblings, shared responsibility for childcare, child age) determinants that may be associated with the use of these mediations.Methodology: A sample of 112 parents completed surveys (75% women; M age = 33.42; SD = 0.51) whose child (M age = 6.97; SD = 3.89; range = 1 to 16 years old) uses a tablet or mobile phone. Two hierarchical linear regression models with forms of mediation as dependent variables were each tested.Results: Active mediation is positively associated with problematic social media use, the number of siblings and shared responsibility for childcare, and negatively associated with parental stress. Restrictive mediation is not correlated to any of these variables.Conclusions : Since restrictive mediation includes stricter technical measures, it may be associated with circumstantial occurrences, such as a parent’s fear in response to a specific incident.Contribution : A better understanding of the factors and contexts influencing parental mediation behaviours enables us to offer a wider range of strategies adapted to each family’s unique situation. Parents can thus foster the development of safe behaviours their children, without causing unwanted negative effects from the use of digital technologies.

Introduction: Asthma is the most common chronic disease of children. It is a leading cause of emergency room visits, hospitalization and school absenteeism. Asthma is a real public health problem. The prevalence of this disease is increasing worldwide. Patients and method: We had conducted a prospective study, among children with asthma over a period of one year, from January 2018 to December 2018. Results: We counted 105 asthmatic patients for a total of 14344 consultations, or a frequency of 0,73%. The sex ratio was 1,9, the age group 2-5 years was the most frequent, (52%), the age of the first attack was generally between 1 and 2 years, (75,24%). We observed that almost 22% of the attacks occurred in December (21,90%). Smoke and humidity were the main triggers. All the patients had benefited from nebulization with B 2 mimetics. Conclusion: Education of asthmatic children, their families and the establishment of standard management protocols could significantly reduce asthmarelated morbidity in our countries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Enfances, Familles, Generations is the property of Enfances, Familles, Generations and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Abstract Objective Considering the psychosocial repercussions of the COVID-19 pandemic on children, this case study aims to describe the work process involved in the construction and execution of the Children in the COVID-19 Pandemic module, which comprised the National Course on Mental Health and Psychosocial Care in COVID-19, hosted by the Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Method Data from the materials that made up the module (booklet, video lesson, forum, and live broadcast), the profile of those enrolled, as well as emerging themes from participants' questions and comments (forum and live broadcast) were analyzed. Results Thirty-one percent of the course participants, who were predominantly female psychologists, completed the module. The booklet, developed with an accessible language, met the general guidelines for the development of manuals aimed at providing guidance on health care, seeking to address emerging demands in order to qualify the care for children in the context of COVID-19. Conclusion There was a great diversity of themes addressed in the material resulting from the forum and the live broadcast, which were discussed in order to contribute to the planning of psychosocial care strategies aimed at mitigating the negative repercussions of the pandemic on child development, as well as to offer a space for sharing knowledge and experiences on professional practice during this major public health emergency.

Children’s cancer is par excellence a disease of a multidisciplinary nature. It is therefore unrealistic to expect a single person with a single qualification to have the skills and capabilities to carry out a comprehensive assessment and institute competent interventions in all these areas. Decisions and interventions will be in accordance with the decision of the multidisciplinary committee of therapeutic indications.According to the WHO, every year approximately 400,000 children and adolescents between the ages of 0 and 19 develop cancer. The most common childhood cancers include leukemias, brain cancers, lymphomas, and solid tumors such as neuroblastoma and Wilms tumors [1, 2, 3]. In 2019 globally there were 291.3 thousand new cases and 98.8 thousand deaths from childhood cancer worldwide, with a prevalence of 1.8 million [4]. However, the 5-year survival of childhood cancer patients has increased impressively to more than 80% in recent decades, mainly attributed to improved diagnostic technologies and multiagent cytotoxic regimens [5]

The article discusses the research aimed at revealing the meanings that children give to their daily participation in the digital community. For several decades, the immersion of children in the online world has been evoking different opinions of adults – from those very enthusiastic to those highly alarmist. However, it seems to be essential to listen to the voice of the children themselves. This creates an opportunity to rise above the level of assessing the impact of media on children and to reach the space that hide a repertoire of colorful experiences related to the presence of children in the online world. For this purpose, children aged 8–10 took part in the focus interviews. The research material was collected and analyzed according to Virginia Braun and Victoria Clarke’s six-stage analytical framework. One of the most important conclusions is that online activity fills children’s everyday life to a large extent and their online presence is naturally intertwined with being offline. Children perceive the internet as a source of many opportunities and declare that they feel safe, as they are aware of the rules that must be followed in it. The Internet provides them space where they can be together and engage in many activities. Children appreciate the value of face-to-face contacts, which they find different from those mediated by technology.

O artigo busca investigar a presença de crianças e adolescentes em contextos de feminicídio íntimo ou doméstico no Estado do Paraná, tal qual compreender o tratamento das sentenças judiciais a estes grupos. Para tanto, a partir de coleta empírica, apresenta dados divididos em dois grupos: (1) qual o perfil de descendentes da vítima, comuns com o autor do feminicídio ou somente da vítima, em contextos de feminicídio, sobretudo quanto à faixa etária e à existência ou não de agravos decorrentes de intervenções na cena do crime; e (2) se a sentença judicial do caso considera ou não, de alguma forma, a presença de descendentes. Os resultados apontam para um tratamento diferencial oferecido pelo sistema de justiça criminal que acarreta consequências distintas para autores de feminicídio, como também produz repertório decisional diverso para situações envolvendo a presença, a intervenção e o agravo envolvendo crianças e adolescentes em contextos de feminicídio. This article craves to investigate the presence of children and teenagers in contexts of intimate or domestic feminicide on the Paraná state, as well as to understand the treatment of court sentences for these groups. Therefore, based on empirical data, the collected information is divided into two groups: (1) what is the profile of the victim’s descendants – and if they are or aren’t common with the feminicide defendant –, especially regarding the age group and the existence or not of aggravation resulting from interventions at the crime scene; and (2) whether or not the court decision in the case considers, in any way, the presence of descendants. The results point to a differential treatment offered by the criminal justice system that has different consequences for perpetrators of femicide, but also produces a diverse decision-making repertoire for situations involving the presence, intervention and aggravation involving children and teenagers in femicide contexts.

Background: Child participation in evaluation and research is key to ensure horizontal accountability and respect the rights of the children to voice their opinions on actions that have a direct impact on their lives. The author uses illustrative examples to describe how child-focused evaluation and research can be implemented in practices and discusses the main challenges and lessons learnt. Objectives: To reflect on the current evaluation practices and identify clear ways to ensure children and other marginalised groups can meaningfully participate in evaluation and research processes. Method: Children from 8 years to 18 years were involved in various evaluation and research assignments through different data collection and dissemination methods in five African countries. Results: The experiences show practically how children can successfully be engaged in evaluation and research through meaningful consultations that are both safe and ethical and through adapted communication materials and channels to ensure horizontal accountability. Conclusion: Ensuring the meaningful participation of children in evaluation and research processes is not only a right for children but also a great opportunity to enhance the design of evaluation and research pieces to make them more engaging and human-centred. The use of child-focused approach brings its own set of challenges and questions that evaluators can navigate with the support from relevant stakeholders. It requires authors to think outside of the box, be creative and put ourselves in the shoes of our main audience to develop the most suitable engagement strategies. Contribution: This article represents the culmination of a comprehensive research endeavor, from conceptualisation to data analysis and findings interpretation, conducted solely by the main author. The different pieces were reviewed for quality assurance by Helene Juillard. The illustrations presented in the article were made by Clementine Guivarch’ based on the author’s guidance and inputs.

Research framework: Although the family is typically the place where socialization and learning begin, and where values, practices and cultures are handed down, the ways in which eco-citizenship is taught within the family remain underexplored in current research.Objectives : This introductory article, along with the other articles in this special issue, explores various aspects of the relationship between family and eco-citizenship.Methodology: This article is based on a partial review of the humanities and social sciences literature on the subject.Results: The introductory article and the texts that make up the special issue shed light on the ways in which family dynamics are changing, on children's and young people's involvement in environmental action, and on the role of institutions in the development of eco-citizenship.Conclusion : The social processes by which eco-citizenship is constructed, and the transformations that take place within families in response to eco-citizen actions, underline the need for practices and lifestyle changes that involve a diverse array of actors, including young people, their families, institutional bodies and policymakers. The scientific community needs to pay more attention to this issue, as literature on the subject is still scarce.Contribution : In addition to providing some insights into the relationship between the family and eco-citizenship, this article suggests avenues for research in cultural and international contexts, issues of social and environmental justice, and the roles played by media and digital technology in fostering eco-citizenship.

RESEARCH OBJECTIVE: This article explores the impact of parental conflict crises on children and families, focusing on the traumatic situations caused by recurrent disagreements. These crises generate unease, worry, and perplexity, compromising emotional regulation and social abilities. They can lead to behavioural problems and academic underachievement, as they compromise emotional regulation and social abilities. The article aims to understand the complexities of these situations and their potential consequences for children and families. THE RESEARCH PROBLEM AND METHOD: The study investigates the impact of parental conflict on children’s emotional, psychological, and relational well-being. It employs a detailed assessment of reference material, self-reporting, and direct observation methodologies to understand the negative effects on children’s performance. THE PROCESS OF ARGUMENTATION: After discussing the impact of domestic conflicts on children’s self-esteem, the presentation moved on to cognitive and emotional dysregulation, the relationship between resilience, risk, and crisis, the need to develop persistence and the influence of cultural values in the development of such perseverance, gender concerns, and early intervention. RESEARCH RESULTS: Conflicting parents have a substantial impact on a child’s subjective well-being. Prolonged stress can lead to sleep disorders, reduced immune systems, and chronic health problems. Prolonged disagreements can impact relationships, boundaries, and emotional control well into adulthood. CONCLUSION, RECOMMENDATION AND APPLICABLE VALUE OF RESEARCH: Parental disagreements require interventions at various levels, including counseling, therapy, mediation services, and a holistic approach. Counseling and therapy help children process feelings and strengthen coping skills, while mediation guides parents through separation or divorce processes, prioritizing their children’s best interests and maintaining stable family dynamics and good childhoods.

African histoplasmosis is a rare deep mycosis caused by two varieties of Histoplasma capsulatum (capsulatum and duboisii). We report a case of histoplasmosis in an immunocompetent child. 6-year-old female patient, hospitalized for poor general condition, fluctuating inflammatory swelling of the lower limb evolving for 4 months. The clinical examination revealed in an altered and febrile patient, papulo-nodular lesions of variable size, fluctuating in places, disseminated umbilical predominantly on the trunk, the root of the upper and lower limbs. There were also axillary and inguinal lymphadenopathy and osteo-articular involvement. X-ray of the right lower limb revealed osteomyelitis. Histopathology of the biopsied nodule confirmed African histoplasmosis. The rarity of African histoplasmosis in our country corroborates current data from the literature, however this could also be due to an underdiagnosis often influenced by self-medication. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

For more than 30 years, suicide has been the second cause of death among 15-24 year olds and the 5th cause of death among those under 13. In 2016, 26 deaths by suicide were recorded among those under 15 and 352 among those aged 15-24, i.e. respective rates of 0.3 and 4.5 per 100,000 inhabitants [1]. In a first file [2] we saw the different types of interventions to prevent the risk of suicide among adolescents and the effectiveness of collective prevention approaches. In this second file we address the identification and treatment in general medicine consultation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Lublin Studies in Modern Languages & Literature / Lubelskie Materialy Neofilologiczne is the property of Maria Curie-Sklodowska University, Department of German & Applied Linguistics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Akofena is the property of Universite Felix Houphouet Boigny and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Montéggia lesion is a rare but often serious lesion. The authors report their experience in the management of 2 cases of true Montéggia lesions over a period of 3 years in their department. Both patients were female and aged 4 and 9 years respectively. The circumstances were a fall from a height and a road traffic accident. X-rays were used in both cases to diagnose a Monteggia type I lesion according to the Bado classification. Conservative treatment was attempted in one case, but the procedure was unsuccessful. Treatment was surgical in both cases, combining reduction of the radius dislocation and pinning of the ulnar fracture with an axial pin. After a follow-up of 19 months and 9 months, both patients progressed well. Montéggia lesions in children usually have a good prognosis when treated early. Surgical treatment is indicated in cases of associated lesions or when orthopaedic treatment fails. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Scapulothoracic dissociation due to a trauma is exceptional. The purpose of this study was to share our experience with a case of scapulothoracic dissociation and to explain the advantages of our approach. We report the case of a 12-year-old right-handed schoolgirl admitted to hospital with a blunt trauma to the right thoracic limb complicated by infection after a week of traditional treatment (massage, bandaging with reed splints). Surgical neck fracture of the right humerus complicated by wet gangrene of the entire limb and severe anaemia was diagnosed. Blood transfusion, triple antibiotic therapy and scapulohumeral disarticulation were required. Progressive excision of necrotic tissue followed by scapulectomy (day 24) for scapular necrosis made it possible to sterilise the site and to perform a skin graft (day 43). The patient was discharged after 2 months. Physiotherapy was combined with psychological treatment and the patient had a simple post-operative course during the 7-month follow-up period. Failure of conventional treatment for limb fractures can be life-threatening and cause severe sequelae. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Our study of the most representative case series of children and teenagers with thyroid cancer in Morocco (22 cases) aimed to highlight the characteristics of this cancer among children and teenagers and to compare results with those in the international literature. We conducted a retrospective, descriptive study of patients with differentiated thyroid cancer, hospitalized in the Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery at the Hospital in Casablanca, Morocco, over the period January 1995-March 2015. We collected data about 22 cases that met our inclusion criteria. The average age of our patients was 14 years, sex-ratio was 3.4, most of our patients presented with thyroid nodule associated, in 22.7% of cases, with cervical lymphadenopathy and in 9.1% of cases with signs of compression. All patients underwent total thyroidectomy followed by lymph node dissection in 31.82% of cases. The diagnosis of thyroid cancer was based on anatomo-pathological examination of the surgical specimen which confirmed the diagnosis of papillary carcinoma in 95.4% of cases and of vesicular carcinoma in 4.5% of cases. 100% of cases received I-131 RAI treatment followed by thyroid hormone replacement therapy. Close supervision and regular monitoring enabled the detection of nodal metastasis in 3 patients and of distance metastases in 4 patients. Differentiated thyroid cancer among children and teenagers is rare but aggressive, its treatment is based on surgery associated with iratherapy enabling excellent prognosis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Enfances, Familles, Generations is the property of Enfances, Familles, Generations and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Enfances, Familles, Generations is the property of Enfances, Familles, Generations and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Enfances, Familles, Generations is the property of Enfances, Familles, Generations and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Enfances, Familles, Generations is the property of Enfances, Familles, Generations and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The objective of the present study is to evaluate the communication needs of the parents of children with cancer from the perspective of the semantic values of the morphological units used and integrated into sentence structures or sentence segments (with response status to open questions) and from the perspective of the factual analysis of the percentages of closed questions. We believe that the results we have reached, processed with interdisciplinary tools of psycholinguistics, morphology, syntax and semantics of the Romanian language and psychological analysis, can provide data that can contribute to the identification of the best strategies for ensuring emotional well-being and increasing the quality of life of families where there is a child with cancer.

Research Framework: The contemporary challenges of ecocitizenship are so acute that they will require a strong involvement from the youngest generations. In the 21st century, as a number of research has confirmed, the question of socialization between school, family, and the legacy of environmentalism arises.Objective: If the environmental mobilization of children still raises questions, this article offers to deepen the inquiry with them in different settings where they experience through pedagogical initiative of non-classroom-based lessons, known as “outdoor school”.Methodology: Using mixed research methods (observations, interviews, questionnaires), the survey deploys a path-based approach, following 21 pupils aged 9 to 12 years, as well as their teachers, parents, and peers, throughout the 2021-2022 school year in a community known locally as “the nature village of Doubs”.Results: Through a situational study of transmission processes, this article analyzes the ambivalence of children’s mobilization, describing the dynamics, inversions and inertia of modes of self-expression, family and participation in school and social life.Conclusion: This article puts into perspective the ways of “outdoor school” within hierarchical social relations, and the extent to which they assign to children the task of leading ecological reform by transforming their lifestyles.Contribution: This research situates the complex role of the institution played by the “outdoor school” in the development of child ecocitizenship. It remains anchored in a stratification of life stages where commitment to ecological gestures and meanings is embedded in processes of reproduction of social groups and families.

Based on the examination of a similar scene in three novels received in the 1950s on the subject of childhood on the margins of society, this article seeks to show the ideological clashes and represented in these novels. Behind their respective uses of narrative and specific discursive strategies, very different conceptions of rehabilation emerge. These are based on conflicting anthropologies of the child that need to be more clearly identified.

Research framework: For a family, eco-citizenship means among other things adjusting their domestic practices to their desire to act in favor of the environment and the preservation of its resources. In the event of a child’s chronic respiratory illness, parents receive medical recommendations designed to protect his or her health. These recommendations relate to the layout and upkeep of the home, and concern some of these practices.Objectives: This article aims to show how the family redefines its practices by articulating its values related to health and the environment.Methodology: This research is based on a qualitative study carried out between 2018 and 2020, involving interviews and observations in the homes of 46 families living in Brittany, France, who have a child with cystic fibrosis or asthma. The purpose of the survey was to ethnographically describe domestic hygiene practices, which may stem from values attached to both health and the environment.Results: This article analyzes the dynamics of change in the family’s ecological domestic practices through the prism of the child’s chronic respiratory illness and its implications. It points out the factors influencing the family’s eco-citizen trajectory in this particular context.Conclusion: The inflection given to this trajectory depends first and foremost on the family’s ways of being and doing, and the cultural and social context that shapes them. It then relies on the specific characteristics of the disease, the context in which it is treated and the way in which the medical authority integrates environmental issues into its health guidelines.Contribution: This article looks at children’s chronic respiratory illness as one of the key factors in the construction of a family’s eco-citizenship and its practical implementation. It questions the medical establishment as to how it takes into account environmental values in a perspective of family’s quality of life.

The therapeutic decision whether or not to systematically supplement vitamin D in all children aged 0 to 5 years is a question that remains difficult to answer. In France, a multicenter epidemiological study shows that rickets is not very prevalent even though compliance with vitamin D intake is not known and can be considered imperfect because it is restrictive. Children under 5 with pigmented skin, immigrants or adopted children, as well as those exclusively breastfed are at risk of deficiency rickets. A better knowledge of the risk factors could make it possible to define a priority target population for supplementation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The poem of Vieru contributed significantly to the reeducation of a psychologically disfigured by proletarian ideology nation. Pioneer’s song and “October’s” acclamations replaced the tune of the sun and the impressive dialogue of non-speaker beings. Vieru’s living beings guided the little reader through the discovery of the vital senses and himself. The poem of Vieru demonstrates the sacredness of an infantile universe: a native village, a parent`s house, a mother’s being, and an inhabitant of nature. The figurative projector of the village in the poems of Vieru is identified as a truly “pantheon” of the value cult. A village re(calls) the reader to come back to the ancestral springs. In the being of a little reader, the poet educates some general human values through intermedia of the rural poem and its “world”.

The rapidly changing world forces the necessary changes in education consisting of the development of teaching strategies that prepare the student for unpredictable, non-standard, and fluid situations. The author discusses the problem of supporting competence essential for the development of school-age children and their functioning in such a world. The article may be of interest to early school education teachers, but not only. The strategy of education using imagination, which covers the method of designing educational opportunities, refers in the conducted research to competence triad, i.e. independence-innovativeness-cooperativeness. To support the said competence, the author constructed a technique of creative visualisation and developed an educational programme for two parallel groups based on the method of designing educational opportunities, and in one of the groups, an innovative factor in the form of creative visualisation techniques was implemented. In the research, the qualitative and quantitative style was used implementing participant observation, humanistic interpretation (works of art and statements) and tests for creative thinking (drawing and verbal). The qualitative analysis consisted of description and interpretation concerning the analysed set of competence with the use of their manifestation. The quantitative analysis aimed at answering the question about a significant increase in competence required the use of a method based on the t-Student test. The results of the qualitative and quantitative analyses showed the beneficial impact of creative visualisation in the area of the competence in question.

Childhood is the first stage which person goes through and the basic stone in building his personality, so the kindergarten stage is considered the basic educational stage for a person, through which he acquires many beliefs, experiences and concepts, and the child of this stage has specific cognitive and mental characteristics, so the cognitive development represents the most important aspect of growth which corresponds to mental functions such as problem-solving, inference and knowledge. It is also divided into thinking skills, conceptual development and perception.With the advancement of technology there are many educational methods that work to develop the cognitive development of the child, as well as new technologies in the field of image. Three-dimensional imaging appeared with its various techniques to give a sense of depth and is represented in virtual reality, holographic and stereoscopic cinema.In addition to the emergence of the latest cameras in every technology, for example the cameras used in stereoscopic cinema Z CAM K1 Pro, Vuze XR 3D VR180 °, insta360 EVO 3D / 2D Convertible 360/180 ° VR CameraAnd the cameras used in virtual reality "Z CAM V1 Pro Cinematic VR Camera, YI Technology HAL, 360 Precision LTD Facebook 360Surround Camera Bundle with PC Hardware"And the cameras used in the holography “RED and Lucid Unveil 8K 3D Camera for 4V Holographic Photos”When employing 3D technology to display the educational content for a child, this works to attract his attention, which leads to increase the process of perception, increases cognitive skills, and develops his visual content.

Children’s drawings have great deal of spontaneity, freedom and creativity the child draws with all his passion without any fear and with no limits or boundaries, he reflects what he understands, expresses his desires and interests. When a child draws a figure, he chooses some characteristics that interests him then show his idea in general not tied by details that he could neglect some or exaggerate others to make his drawing a true mirror to show his ideas .Children’s Drawings has attracted many researchers and artists to study and analysis according to age and psychological state, and in this research, I am concerned of children’s drawings especially character design both human and animal in a certain age of the child from 4 to 7 that is called preparing the formal precept, where it has freedom, exaggeration, simplicity and flattening which are considered main characteristics in designing an animated character. I collected some of these drawings, I got inspired by them impressed of them benefited from them then begin to design some animated characters in the same feeling and derived from the child’s art. Children tend to draw characters more than other subjects like landscapes ‌.Drawing gives the child a full opportunity to go through creative experience by himself that he loves to experiment and discover and recognition and other activities that motivate his imagination Child’s drawing has aesthetic dimensions change and are affected by his growth of personality and his experience in life, he tries to reflect them as if its psychological impact was strong on him. All this inspired the researcher to draw animated characters based on the children art.

An essay by the Byzantine philosopher Michael Psellos (11th century) describes a boy with an abnormally large head who rejects manly games and plays with dolls representing a couple who are getting married and whose bride becomes pregnant and gives birth. Repositioned in its literary genre, with a new translation, this exceptional writing is commented on in relation to the sources used and the ideas expressed. This unusually precise testimony invites us to question the deeper logic that organizes Psellos’ list beyond the distribution of children's activities according to gender. This article places this playful universe in a longer time frame, by comparing Greek, Roman, and Byzantine views on the passion and symbolic value of children and youth’s activities.

Copyright of Annales Françaises de Médecine d'Urgence is the property of John Libbey Eurotext Ltd. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Introduction: Sickle cell disease is the most common hemoglobinopathy in the world. Serious in its major form (SS), it exposes the sickle cell subject to osteoarticular complications that can be early and disabling. Objective: The objective of this study was to contribute to a better understanding of the osteoarticular complications of hemoglobinopathy S and C in pediatric settings. Material and method: It was a retrospective cross-sectional study, conducted over a period of 3 years, from January 1, 2017 to December 31, 2019. Were included, children aged 0 to 15 years with hemoglobin S or C confirmed by electrophoresis and having an osteo-articular complication. Results: The analysis focused on 42 cases including 24 boys and 18 girls. The median age was 7.5 years. Functional impotence and fever were the main clinical signs observed. Osteomyelitis was the majority diagnosis (59.6%). Hemoglobin electrophoresis found 33.3% SS hemoglobin and 21.4% SC hemoglobin. Staphylococcus aureus was the main germ isolated from the samples. Radiological lesions were multifaceted and dominated by the periosteal reaction. Management based mainly on orthopedic treatment allowed a favorable evolution in 69% of cases. The average length of hospitalization was 23.78 days. Conclusion: Osteoarticular complications of hemoglobinopathies S and C are not exceptional. Of chronic and sometimes disabling course, their management requires a preventive approach of primary and secondary type of sickle cell disease. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Goal: To assess knowledges and practices on iron prescription in pediatric ward in CHU Gabriel Touré of Bamako, Mali. Tools and methods: It was a prospective and transversal study canied out. We submitted questionnaire and analyzed the case history of to the children aged 1-60 months old who received iron during the study period from 1rstto 30 July 2012.The prescriptators' consent were solicited and obtained at first of all. Results: Fifty prestators were interviewed among them 10 pediatricians (20%), 31 pediatrics' resident (62 %), 2 generalists physicians (4%), 7 medical student (14%). One hundred 100 were analyzed medical records. More than half of the prestators known the need of iron in children. Thirty percent have received iron at 8 to 10mg/kg. The medication duration wasn't indicating in 92% of patients. In our context prestators well know about meaning and the needs of iron in children bout they're limited on iron food sources and iron storage. Conclusion: The well theorical knowledge on indications and prescription roules on iron in children didn't escape from miss practices in its prescription. Moreover works should analyze the reasons of discrepancies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Facial fractures are rare in the pediatric population compared to adults. They represent 1 to 15% of maxilla-facial trauma. The objective of this study was to describe the epidemiological, clinical and therapeutic characteristics of mandible fractures in children in a developing country. Material and methods: This was a retrospective descriptive cross-sectional study - from January 1, 2016 to June 31, 2020 involving 17 cases. It took place in the Department of Odonto-Stomatology and Maxillofacial Surgery of the Hospital and University Center (CHU) of Bouaké. Results: There were 14 boys (82.35%) and 3 girls (17.65%) i.e. a sex ratio of 4.66. Road traffic accidents were the main cause with 64.72% (n=11). Unifocal fractures were found in 14 patients (82.35%). The seat was parasymphyseal in 29.41% (n=5). Bifocal fractures were found in 3 patients (17.65%). The site was condylar and symphyseal in 2 patients (75%). It involved the symphysis and the horizontal branch in 1 patient (25%). Orthopedic treatment was performed in all patients (100%). The evolution was favorable in all patients, i.e. 100% of cases. Conclusion: The fracture of the mandible in children is a traumatological entity which is an epidemiological and therapeutic particularity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Akofena is the property of Universite Felix Houphouet Boigny and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Abstract Objective: Cancer illness is a stressful event that affects children’s quality of life. This study verified the association between coping and quality of life in 13 children with cancer (6 to 12 years old) from a public hospital in the Southeastern region of the country. Methods: The participants answered the Hospitalization Coping Scale and Pediatric Quality of Life 3.0 (Cancer Module). Descriptive and inferential statistical analyses were applied. A high average of adaptive coping and coping behaviors, such as talking, playing, and taking medicine, were observed. Results: The results suggest a potential positive correlation between quality of life related to the domain nausea, which also showed high scores, and adaptive coping, demonstrating children’s difficulty in dealing with nausea, even after using adaptive coping strategies, and this domain was significant in reducing the quality of life perceived. Conclusion: Understanding coping and qualitywww of life may steer intervention in Pediatric Oncology.

The objective of the study is to reveal the realities of the realisation of the children’s right of participation in the community children’s care home based on children’s experience. For the study, qualitative study was chosen while using a semi-structured interview method. Eight children living in the community children’s care homes (henceforth referred as CCCH), which are located in different sites in Lithuania, participated in the study. The study revealed the realization expression of the child’s right of participation and difficulties in realising it at CCCH. The realization expression of the children’s right of participation at CCCH should be attributed to the respect of employees for the right of the child of participation. It is expressed through the openness of employees to the opinion of the child, giving an opportunity for the child to speak out their opinion, and listening to the opinion of the child. Discussion of the child with the adult should take place as well as adhering of the adult to the opinion of the child when taking decisions, and the encouragement and support for the autonomy of children. The child’s right of participation is also realised in everyday situations while allowing the child to manage his personal space according to his needs, involving the child in the leisure planning and organisation. The child should have an opportunity to participate in leisure activities according to their likes and interests, as well as consulting with the child regarding household chores. The study identified that the realisation difficulties of the children’s right of participation at CCCH are attributable to the dominating position of the employee and the child’s lack of trust towards himself and his own opinion. The dominating position of the employee is expressed through the non-listening to the opinion of children, disagreement with the child, the devaluation of the opinion of the child, the lack of adhering to the opinion of the child and the overriding of the opinion of the child. The child’s lack of trust towards himself and his own opinion is linked with the belief of the child that his opinion is insignificant due to negative experiences in the past, the timidity of children to speak out their opinions and the unwillingness or fear of children to worsen their relationships with employees.

The aim of the article is to read Vincent’s famous painting La Leçon de labourage as an opportunistic or sincere way for the manufacturer Boyer-Fonfrède to seize upon the « Thermidorian » promotion of human and agricultural sciences in order to contribute to the construction of a new social and political order. It is also a question of making it the starting point of a reflection on the mobilization of the figures of domestication and on what can be a directorial republican ecology.

Les aventures de Sylvain et Sylvette, a series created by Maurice Cuvillier (1897-1957) in 1941, has now been running for more than eighty years. This comic strip series first appeared in the press and was later published in a long series of picturebooks, for a total of 295 titles and more than twenty million copies sold. It deserves to be considered in the history of children’s literature for these reasons. But there is an additional reason: the series is less simple than it appears. It depicts two children lost in the woods, a brother and sister. They would have a happy life in their thatched cottage, together with some tame animals, if they were not being harassed by a group of wild animals, the “old pals”. The group’s members (a wolf, a fox, etc.) link the series to the fairy tale and the fable, while the heroes’ isolation draws it close to the robinsonade. The timelessness associated with fairy tales is blurred by references to modern life. There is a strong educational intent, both in the presentation of the children’s behaviour among themselves, the animals’ behaviour among themselves and that of the children towards the animals, who are treated as if they were children. The question of language being shared or not between children and animals is highly interesting, showing that the hostile animals could be a metaphor for the adult world and its dangers. The series is traversed by many examples of intertextuality and of changing timeframes, yet exploits an art of simplicity, teaching its public to read in a stable and reassuring framework.