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This study examines the effects of forest belts on erosion andhydrological conditions, soil moisture reserves, and cellulolytic activity, aswell as their influence on agricultural crop yields on slopes. The researchreveals that forest belts lead to increased snow depth and even distribution,reduced soil freezing, and decreased water erosion risk in catchment areas.Additionally, forest belts enhance moisture reserves in the middle slope byreducing lateral water flow. In comparison to upland areas, the lower andmiddle parts of the slope typically exhibit greater snow depth, reduced soilfreezing, and increased soil moisture. Forest belts also promote highercellulolytic activity in adjacent areas. The study finds that barley yieldsincrease on slopes with forest belts, but buckwheat yields decrease due toexcessive vegetative growth.

In the current work, the potential of plant phenolic extracts to replace the ability of SO2 to inhibit spoilage microorganisms was evaluated. The study included the application of different doses of plant phenolic concentrates to test their antimicrobial activity against O. oeni, and Brettanomyces yeasts. For the evaluation of O. oeni, Chardonnay and Riesling wines were inoculated with the lactic acid bacteria, and antimicrobial agents were added: SO2 or phenolic concentrates. Then within seven weeks and six months, the levels of malic and lactic acids in the control and treated samples were monitored. In the tests to verify the control of Brettanomyces, oak cubes were contaminated with the spoilage yeasts and later treated with water (control) or two aqueous sanitizing solutions (conventional one: water with citric acid and SO2; experimental one: containing phenolic concentrates). Later, the corresponding solutions and water were analyzed for the presence of Brettanomyces yeasts by observation and plate numbering. Results confirm the inhibitory capacity of the phenolic concentrates tested regarding these two microorganisms, showing promising results.

TiO2 is one of the most common photocatalysts at the moment. One-dimensional TiO2, which has a high specific surface area, is of particular interest. The properties of such nanowires will largely depend on the phase composition, which affects the width of the optical band gap. This paper presents the results of a study of the photocatalytic activity of TiO2 nanowires depending on the phase composition using the reduction of CO2 to methane and methanol as an example. The formation of TiO2 nanowires was carried out using a hydrothermal synthesis method from a commercial TiO2 powder. After synthesis, the nanowires were thermally treated in air to obtain nanowires with different phase compositions. The morphology and phase composition of TiO2 nanowires were studied. The resulting nanowires had a size of about 8 μm and a diameter of about 330 nm.

Статья посвящена проблеме функционирования провинциальных мест лишения свободы в условиях становления советской исправительно-трудовой системы. Задействованы ранее не опубликованные архивные материалы ГАРФ и ГАРО. Несмотря на общие цели исправительно-трудовой политики Советского государства, для этого периода были характерны рассредоточение карательных функций в нескольких ведомствах и жесткая конкурентная борьба за монополию на исполнение наказаний. Автор иллюстрирует спектр данных межведомственных противоречий на примере содержания в Рязани группы политических заключенных. Подробно описываются обстоятельства появления этой группы, предысторией которого стали массовые беспорядки среди заключенных, произошедшие в Бутырской тюрьме в апреле 1921 г. Одними из их последствий стали внезапное рассредоточение политических заключенных по губернским местам заключения и массовый побег анархистов из наскоро организованной в Рязани политической тюрьмы. Подробно освещены действия различных губернских органов и должностных лиц по обеспечению режима строгой изоляции для политических заключенных в Рязани, представлена упорядоченная хронология событий, даны интерпретации поступков их участников. Компромиссным итогом этой деятельности явилась организация «политической тюрьмы» в неподготовленном здании бывшего исправительного арестантского отделения с серьезными нарушениями режимных требований. Информация из служебных документов дает возможность описать требования к содержанию политических заключенных, сформированные органами ВЧК в тот период, и показать, какое влияние события 1921 г. в рязанской «политической тюрьме» оказали на последующее развитие системы мест лишения свободы в Рязанской губернии. Делается вывод, что причинами массового побега группы анархистов из здания бывшего арестантского отделения стали организационная неподготовленность губернских мест заключения и межведомственная борьба местных структур Народного комиссариата юстиции, НКВД и ВЧК. Возможным последствием этого происшествия стало исключение Рязани из списка губерний, в которых через несколько лет была учреждена сеть политических изоляторов.

The number of times the phrase “artificial intelligence” is used both in science and in legislation makes it impossible to carelessly and arbitrarily use this category in governing public relations. It is this circumstance that forces us to turn to the terminology and legislation encapsulated in this category. The paper analyzes current approaches to the concept of artificial intelligence in the legal literature. The author shows that any concept in law and beyond is genetically associated with our knowledge of the object and concludes that reasoning about artificial intelligence is impossible in law until it is clearly defined in technical fields of science.

An important basis for information support of educational activities is the effective presentation of knowledge and standardization of training tasks based on ontological models of learned subject areas. The competence approach to the organization of the educational process and the requirements for the training of specialists from the point view of enterprises and organizations, in which they will carry out their professional activities, requires the development of a comprehensive model of educational processes and objects that are participating in them, based on high-level abstractions. On the basis of the results obtained in this work, the methodology of informational support of educational activities was further developed on the basis of: organizing the educational process and standardization of education based on a categorical-ontological approach; construction and use of relevant on tologies and knowledge bases; automation of data processing by forming and executing queries to the content of ontological models. The use of the results of categorical-ontological modeling allowed to reconcile the interests of active agents of the organization-technical systems, the subjects of educational activity and the ability of students to acquire the necessary knowledge and skills.

In the article the current state of Russian agriculture and specific features of the agrarian sector development in the Far North - the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) and related economic processes taking into account its national interests are discussed. The development of agricultural production is known to be one of the most important priorities of the national strategy of Russia and its regions. Agriculture for the Russian Federation as a system of agrarian relations, is its strategic resource, but rural settlements, especially in the North, existing remotely with a low quality of life, poorly developed communication and infrastructure can not implement the full potential of rural areas. The agricultural complex of Russia and its basis in agriculture occupies one of the defining positions in the country's economy both in terms of its importance in ensuring the livelihood of the population and in the production and consumption of material goods. This situation also applies to the Far North - the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia). The specific features of traditional industries of the North are primarily associated with natural resources, their productivity and climatic conditions. Agriculture in the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) specializes mainly in livestock production. Generally, the branches of agriculture in Russia are represented in independent branches of production of various products such as grain farming, sugar beet production, vegetable growing, horticulture, cattle breeding, pig breeding, etc. All of them differ in the types of manufactured goods, technology and organization of production, systems of applied machines. At the same time, large industries are subdivided into smaller ones.

Numerous studies have demonstrated the effect of cow's milk on the antioxidant properties of tea and coffee, which has been largely attributed to the interaction between milk proteins and plant polyphenols. In this work, we applied redox potentiometry using potassium hexacyanoferrates in assessing the antioxidant activity (AOA) of beverages prepared by adding soy milk to tea or coffee. The AOA of the drinks was calculated with adjustments for volume fraction and AOA of soy milk. Addition of 10–30% (v/v) soy milk to green tea, black tea, drip coffee and lungo had no effect on the AOA of the original drinks, and the recorded deviations were within ± 4%. Cappuccino made with 67% (v/v) foamed soy milk showed a 24% increase in AOA compared to espresso.

Railway passenger transportation has always had a significant place in the economic, material and technical development of Ukraine. The current conditions are no exception, when in connection with the beginning of a full-scale military invasion of our country, passenger transport assumed responsibility for the timely evacuation of people and their safe relocation to other regions of the country or abroad. Due to the fact that railway transport is of strategic importance for Ukraine, its infrastructure has increased risks of destruction. Each destruction of the railway infrastructure has serious consequences for the organization of the movement of passenger trains, in particular high-speed trains. Therefore, with the aim of reducing the possible costs of organizing the movement of high-speed passenger trains in the event of the destruction of the railway infrastructure and increasing the reliability of the functioning of the high-speed railway passenger transport system in Ukraine, an automated technology for providing an alternative route for the trains of the branch “Ukrainian Railway High-Speed Company” (UZShK) is proposed. The formation of this technology is considered on the example of the most popular passenger direction, namely - Kyiv-Lviv, the topology of which is represented by a weighted graph, where the vertices are railway stations, and the edges are railway sections with a weight in the form of a tuple (time to overcome each section, presence of electrification, bandwidth). The proposed technology also provides for the possibility of attracting additional “shuttle” trains or road transport, in cases where it is necessary to significantly reduce the travel time by an alternative route or the possibility of the arrival of railway transport to the station where it is necessary to board/disembark passengers is excluded. The formalization of this process was carried out by forming an optimization mathematical model according to the criterion of minimum operating costs. The formation of a set of alternative routes was carried out using the adjacency matrix of the graph representing the Kyiv-Lviv transportation direction. The developed technology is proposed to be integrated in the form of a software product for automated workplaces (AWP) of operative personnel in the form of a decision support system (DSP), the algorithm of which is also given in this publication.

The gasification of medical waste (MW) in a counterflow updraft gasifier with a partial recycle of the generator gas to the combustion zone is considered as applied for MW disposal with a heat generation. The temperature regimes and material flows are assessed for a typical model MW composition with a humidity varied from 0 to 40 wt.%. A procedure for control of the process for varied MW composition is proposed. For a given MW composition and flowrate, the combustion temperature can be controlled to prescribed value 900°C via control of the flowrates of air and and recycled generator gas. Throughout the studied humidity range the generator gas is combustible and can provide heat generation on the aftercombustion stage. The method promises an efficient and energy sustainable MW disposal.

The article reveals the causes and approaches to reducing the risk of acute kidney injury that occurs as a result of surgical intervention. The authors note that this problem is extremely urgent, since the effect of anesthesia on acute kidney injury may depend on various factors, including the type of anesthesia, the duration of surgery, the patient’s condition and the anesthetics used. Some anesthetics and agents used during general anesthesia can cause hypotension (lowering of blood pressure). This can lead to a decrease in blood flow in the kidneys and deterioration of their function. It is important to keep blood pressure at an optimal level during surgery to minimize the risk of kidney damage. Patients with pre-existing kidney problems may be more susceptible to the negative effects of anesthesia. The anesthesiologist should assess the condition of the kidneys before surgery and choose the anesthetics and methods that are least likely to cause additional damage. The effect of anesthesia on acute kidney injury can be complex and depends on many factors. It is important that the anesthesiologist and the surgeon work together to minimize risks to the kidneys and ensure safe operation in patients with acute kidney injury.

Modern models of analytical support for management decision-making are considered in the article. The authors of the article present the main approaches to data analysis used in modern models of analytical support, as well as the principles and methods of making management decisions. Moreover, the main models of management decision-making, such as the hierarchy analysis method, the SWOT analysis method, the expert assessment method, and other methods are considered in the article. The features of their application and examples of practical use are described. At the end of the article, conclusions about the prospect of accounting and analytical support in the management of modern companies are made.

The authors have developed and are investigating the original design of a stand for testing the braking properties and suspension of wheeled vehicles, which provides the shape of the tyre contact spot with the support surface closest to real road conditions. The originality of the stand was confirmed by the decision to grant a patent for an invention of the Russian Federation. The advantages of implementing the proposed stand design, as well as disadvantages and ways to overcome them, are considered.

Specificity of technological cycle of processing of fat raw materials of animal origin lies in the fact that in the process it is possible to receive not only the main commodity product in the form of melted fat, but also secondary products of production, which include unique and valuable in their properties biologically active substances. The present work is devoted to the development of technology of complex processing of fat raw material, by the example of raw fat of ostrich, which allows to increase the fat yield and minimize production waste. The objects of research were: melted fat of ostrich and products of its processing (greaves and protein hydrolysate), obtained by melting in water (control) and catholite under given conditions and parameters. It is shown that fat melted in catholite is characterized by low values of acid, peroxide and anisidine numbers in comparison with the control. It is established that at processing of fat in catholyte its yield even at the temperature of 55°C was over 64.0%, and at heating up to 100°C - 86.6%. It is argued that realization of repeated melt-out, stipulated by technological solutions, reduces risks of formation of significant amount of fat and protein wastes. It is determined that at repeated consecutive melting of protein fraction with temperature increase up to 75°С and 100°С the percentage of fat yield increases by 11.6 and 19.5 %, respectively. The established dependencies formed the basis for the creation of a technological line for processing of fat raw materials. It is proved that the developed technology of ostrich fat extraction with replacement of aqueous phase by catholyte in the process of fat extraction provides obtaining of fat with a given melting point and qualitative characteristics and can be applied for processing of easily melting animal fats.

A potentiometric sensor system (PSS) was developed to assess antioxidant activity (AOA) using the potassium hexacyanoferrates ([Fe(CN)6]3–/4–) mediator system. The screen-printed indicator electrode was made of carbon ink modified with multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs). The screen-printed silver electrode was potentiostatically modified with a silver chloride/ferricyanide precipitate and served as a reference electrode. The resulting PSS based on modified screen-printed electrodes was tested in the analysis of antioxidants and beverages. Beverage analysis results obtained using PSS and the Folin-Ciocalteu spectrophotometric method have a high positive correlation (r = 0.97, p = 0.002). The proposed PSS can be recommended for the analysis of pharmaceutical, cosmetic and clinical samples.

The aim of the research was to study the nature of the structural and functional features of the epithelium of the oral mucosa and the tongue of laboratory animals as a result of exposure to broadband red light. As a result of morphological and electron microscopic analysis of the structural changes of the oral mucosa of rats after exposure to broadband red light was revealed the absence of severe, irreversible changes in the epithelium, submucous layer and its components, the weak severity and reversibility of circulatory disorders in tissues. The data obtained allow to recommend the method of photokeratoscope for wider use in practice when treating patients with the burning mouth syndrome.

The main directions in the design and programming of vertical motion robots for the mining industry have certain operational risks that underlie the reasons for the lack of consideration of all possible scenarios. The main problem of vertical motion robots is the identification of specific situations. The problem of identification of specific situations occurring during the operation of a vertical motion robot is considered. Some critical situations are proposed for consideration, the forces acting on the robot nodes are illustrated. A model of the robot in MATLAB Simulink environment is created and programmed in order to study the current indicators in the electric motors of the robot. The submodel of the electric motor, based on the data of the technical data sheet of the existing product, which behaves reliably under the conditions of the simulation, is described. The simulation of one of the critical scenarios is considered, and the motor current indicators are analyzed.

The role of railway transport in the modern economy is highlighted in the article. Directions for improving automation and telemechanics devices have been determined: the creation and implementation of modern devices for monitoring track occupancy of a new type, as well as increasing the reliability of track devices to a large extent, and putting into operation systems for interval regulation of train traffic. The importance of such an element of the railway infrastructure as a rail circuit is also determined. The authors of the work revealed the function of track circuits. In addition to this, the article presents an information diagram of the search for failures in an extensive rail circuit of electrical centralization. The concept of a decision device is disclosed. Possible expressions of the Bayes criterion are also considered. A priori probabilities of finding rail lines are singled out. As a result, a decision rule is revealed that leads to the minimization of the average damage.

The article deals with the construction of a three-channel invariant classifier that has the properties of classifying the states of rail lines into a set of classes that are invariant to changes in the longitudinal resistance of the rail line and the transverse conductivity of the insulation of the ballast material. Invariance is achieved taking into account the change in the transverse conductivity of the insulation and the longitudinal resistance of the rail line while compiling systems of equations of state for rail lines, which are the decisive functions of the classifier. The article shows that the three-channel method allows for the correct recognition of all three classes of rail line states by three decision functions with arguments - voltages and currents at the input and output of the rail line. The block diagram of the operation algorithm of the three-channel classifier of the states of the rail lines allows to form the recognition process and the majority classification depending on the states of the channels. The feasibility of the algorithm is confirmed by simulation studies on a mathematical model and graphical results.

Secondary rice products represent a source of effective ingredients for the cosmetics industry. Environmentally friendly and biodegradable products are among the promising trends of the present time. They do not pollute the environment and create a closed cycle in raw material production. Rice screenings and germs are a source of valuable bioactive substances. The products are currently being recycled, due to the lack of economically viable technology for recycling secondary rice products. The paper presents the technology for the processing of secondary rice products by solvent extraction with hexane and carbon dioxide. The extraction was carried out on a laboratory unit, after which the component composition of the extracts was determined by thin-layer chromatography. The main components of СО2 extract are phospholipids, sterols, fatty acids, triacylglycerols, tocopherols, carotenoids, and waxes. Processing of the extraction oil and СО2 extract will make it possible to isolate the waxes. Rice waxes are currently the quality plant-based analogue of synthetic texturizers. A plant-based wax that can be effectively used in both decorative and skincare formulations, as it has a range of skin-soothing substances and can absorb UV-A and UV-B rays. Rice screenings could become an alternative to silica in alginate wrap preparations of the SPA industry. Rice recycling technology will produce valuable raw materials for cosmetic products: vegetable waxes, rice bran oil, and rice flour. These products are effective raw components for the cosmetics industry and their use will reduce the cost of the finished cosmetic product and expand the base of domestic raw materials.

As is known, the concept of economic efficiency is one of the important categories characterizing the performance of reindeer herding farms. From the point of view of the theory of economic analysis, there is no unified definition of economic efficiency, which means that, as seems to us, the success of reindeer herding farms is still not determined sufficiently. In the article, we also prove that defining the economic efficiency of reindeer husbandry only by the meat production efficiency is not sufficient because the meat production process is not integrated with the processing of reindeer herding products and its sales. As a result, the economic efficiency of reindeer herding production is severely underestimated and leads to low profitability or even losses. The economic efficiency of production can be determined at the national, branch, enterprise and on-farm subdivision, i.e. there is a multilevel approach to the criteria of efficiency or duality of the criteria of efficiency. It is known that indicators of economic efficiency include cost recovery, net production, profit, profitability, rate of return, productivity of live labour, that is, economic efficiency of production is characterised by the ratio of economic effect to costs, which caused this effect. Analyzing the approaches to assessing the efficiency of reindeer herding farms, we came to the conclusion that an integrated approach should be added to the existing ones, as the meat production process is not integrated with the processing of reindeer herding products and their sales, as a result, the economic efficiency of reindeer herding products is greatly underestimated. However, reindeer breeding farms, which receive essentially ecologically pure meat, do not have special prices for it established by the Government of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia). The establishment of such prices at the regional level would significantly raise the efficiency of reindeer breeding as a branch of economy as a whole. The main task of reindeer farms in the North-East of Russia, which includes the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) at the present stage is a high average slaughter meat of reindeer carcasses, equal to 65-90 kg. and higher. This main indicator should not be bypassed or denied by zootechnicians, scientists, and heads of agricultural production. Production of cheap high-quality venison meat. - is the key to success.

As an economic development determinant, transport needs to be improved on an ongoing basis. This is due to complex dynamic processes taking place both within the state and internationally. Social and economic transformations and scientific progress of the 21st century in the national economic sectors challenge the national policy of any state. The readiness for macroeconomic turbulence and the level of adaptability depend, to a decisive extent, on the economic potential of the state, where transport is the connecting link between the production, research and technical, agricultural and social components. As a backbone industry, the transport complex is based on infrastructure. The development of transport infrastructure is fundamental and is considered a priority not only at the national level, but also within the framework of globalization processes. Thus, the importance of resolving the issues of transport infrastructure development is due to the rapid development of the national economy as a whole. In this regard, the article emphasizes the importance of the integrated innovative development of Russia’s transport complex infrastructure and reveals promising directions for its development in conditions of market constraints.

The strategy for the development of the supply chain should ensure a high level of fault tolerance of all links when exposed to adverse factors. The article analyzes the impact on the stability of the supply chain of two types of influences: failure and disruption. The low stability of the supply chain appears in the stoppage of work in case of any disruptions and failures. With moderate stability, disruptions do not give up a significant impact on the operation of the supply chain, and failures lead to an increase in operating costs to maintain the stability of work processes. With a high level of stability, failures can cause disruptions in the operations of individual links. In case of disruptions, response models are applied based on the control of process parameters, the subsequent analysis of the causes of disruptions and the development of measures to restore the normal operation of the links in the supply chain. Effective disruption response involves the use of proactive response models. For this, it is necessary to ensure flexibility and transparency of processes in all links of the supply chain based on digital services for material flow control and mining of big data.

Changes in the world order, political and economic events of modern times reveal relevant aspects for the development of financial instruments. The interest shown in microfinance organizations is determined by the socio-economic realities of the country: the urgent need to revive entrepreneurship, internal competition, adaptation to the market in a limited economy. In this connection, the considered conceptual provisions are aimed at prompt response to deviations from the normal activities of entrepreneurship. There was a need for changes in international and national investment policy on the way to a real network development methodology: from a coordinated structure of relations to more and more legally binding decisions of all participating countries. Investments are dispersed. In this regard, the development of methodological aspects, the design of a roadmap, taking into account recommendations for the formation of an operating model and a business model within the framework of MFO activities, seems to be very relevant.

In this paper a module for generating virtual road traffic was developed. There were carried out studies of the main software products for generating road traffic and current development tools for creating the necessary module. Based on these researches the development environment, programming language, and third - party modules were selected to simplify and speed up development. After the analysis and selection of the development environment, a customizable vehicle movement system was developed and implemented. The system includes a driving algorithm, the ability to customize the configuration and type of vehicle, as well as several road signs. This module has been integrated with the virtual urban environment generation module to test connectivity with other projects. Functional and load testing was performed. It helped to identify some shortcomings. These shortcomings were eliminated.

In times of crisis, stabilization of the sphere of socio-economic activity implies appearance of moral potential as the framework for the mental matrix and standard, traditional economic behavior pattern of the Russians. The purpose of the article is to reveal the features of moral potential manifestation of a person in the sphere of socio-economic activities in modern Russia. Theoretical and methodological basis of scientific studies is interdisciplinary approach, neo-classical approach, and multifactorial approach. Transdisciplinary approach unites those approaches with common objective and functions as an integrative program of the study. Effectiveness of economic activity and future economic results depend on the extent of development of economic activity patterns that are hidden in mental molds and traditional mental matrices of the people and determined by the system of values and ideas, attitudes and especially their moral potential. One can survive in a world of global civilizational crises only under condition of realization of their moral potential as the basic foundation of the people’s economic mentality feature, since its development laws regulate both industrial and social relations and determine the future of a particular country as well as of all mankind.

For the time being, moisture effect to the useful quality of coals has been researched comprehensively in detail. Herewith, there are a lot of unsolved problems related to the safety working out of coal layers. Presence of different forms of moisture in fossil coals essentially influences the coal layers hazardous characteristics manifestation during the mining activities. The Article deals with the results of analyses of more than thousand samples of the Donets Basin coals from different deposits, to research the relationship of total moisture and organic matter components in the coal carbonizations during the metamorphic processes. The researches have allowed separation of 3 stages for the fossil coal conversions. It is noted that at the initial stage, the carbon content is about 80%, moisture proportion in carbonization is rather high—0.36; but it decreases abruptly down to 0.12, in case of the carbon content increasing up to 86.5%. And the proportion of components (hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, and sulphur) total increases essentially up to 0.88. At the next stage, at 86.5÷91.5%, the components proportion in carbonization changes insignificantly. At the final stage of coal metamorphic conversions, 4-time growth of moisture proportion takes place in carbonization. It is found that moisture proportion in any form to be found in the coals shall be considered as a rank index, which is necessary to determine the coal layers hazardous characteristics.

The work is devoted to the influence of component composition on the quality of fat frying composition to improve the method of its production. Experimental versions of fat frying composition based on liquid and solid fractions of ostrich fat, as well as stabilizing additive CO2-extract of marjoram served as objects of research. The method of preparation of the fat frying composition included reception of a fat component by wet melting of raw ostrich fat, with the subsequent division of fat into liquid and solid fractions; mixing of the liquid fraction with a stabilizing additive and combination of the received mass with the solid fraction. Moreover, during storage of the frying composition, the liquid fraction is at the top, and before its use the fractions are mixed. It was shown that the introduction of CO2-extract of marjoram into the liquid fraction and increasing its concentration to 0.2 % reduces the degree of thermal oxidation of the product and slows down oxidative processes in the fat.

An assessment of the impact of the anti-erosion complex on the productivity of cultivated crops has presented on the example of many years of experience in contour-ameliorative agriculture of the Kursk FARC located in the northern part of the Medvensky district of the Kursk region. Two subtypes of chernozem represent the soil of the experiment: typical and leached. As anti-erosion measures, narrow-row stock-regulating poplar forest belts, reinforced by a simple hydraulic structure (ditch and rampart along the lower edge), have designed and planted along the contour at a distance of 216 m. There are no anti-erosion measures in the control catchment. Analysis of long-term data showed a decrease in runoff and the absence of soil washout in the catchment area with a system of narrow-row forest belts 38 years after the experiment has laid in comparison with the control. For the control catchment, a maximum soil washing of 22 t/ha recorded which significantly exceeds the permissible standards of flush. A significant increase in crop productivity averaged 5.2 feed units. The profitability of growing crops in fields with forest belts exceeds the control by almost 50%. The anti-erosion complex performs the task of strengthening the soil-protective role of the farming system.

The number of incidents unaccounted for in-state statistics is determined at 92.5%, and the problems arising as a result of such incidents are listed. The structure and interface of an application developed by the employees of the Southwestern State University, which is a geographic information system for accumulating and processing data on road accidents, is presented. A list of information that must be entered into the application is presented, as well as the ability to sort by the required parameters.

The theoretical model of acoustic wave propagation in the ice-water layer is developed, with, taking into account the velocity dispersion. New opportunities for monitoring the marine environment on long routes, including those covered with ice, are discussed when using parametric sonar antennas. The results of research demonstrating single-mode excitation of a waveguide by a parametric array in a wide frequency band are presented. The possibility of compression of a broadband signal during its propagation, as a result of waveguide dispersion, which leads to an increasing of signal intensity, is shown. The results of experimental studies of the propagation characteristics of a wide-band acoustic signal of a parametric hydroacoustic array in a shallow sea are presented.

The article looks into the issue of social adaptation and personal adjustment of people with disabilities through their active participation in regular classes of adaptive exercise therapy. Based on state statistics, scientific publications analysis and research work a hypothesis was put forward that there is an additional factor that plays a significant role in the family upbringing scheme and helps to foster interest in adaptive exercise therapy and adaptive sports among intellectually impaired children. The purpose of the study was to identify a factor or group of factors in the family upbringing scheme which are relevant to methodology of arranging PE and sports events for children with intellectual disabilities. The sample group consisted of women whose children, including those with intellectual disabilities, attended sports schools in Russia. Among the methods applied during the study there were psychodiagnostic methods of written and oral interviews, questionnaires. The results of the procedures of statistical and factor analysis revealed destructive aspects in the field of child-parent relationship as well as interpersonal relationship. The family dysfunctions correction will make it possible to apply integrative technologies in organizing sports and recreational events for families where children with intellectual disabilities are brought up.

The paper studies the main directions of investment activities of mining enterprises within the framework of the industrial development program. The principles of investment activities of mining enterprises have been substantiated, which are correlated with the priorities of socioeconomic development and tools for stimulating investment in the mining industry. At each level of approach to investment activity management of mining enterprises, there is a link between the enterprise and the external environment to assess the investment attractiveness of investment objects and their competitive advantages. Competitive advantages have been revealed, which are largely determined by the direction of investment activities of mining enterprises as a result of direct investment, on the one hand, and the role of investment activities in increasing the competitive advantages of the mining industry. Taking into account the risk-forming factors of the macro – and micro environment of the mining industry, the foundations of the investment processes development have been substantiated when choosing financing instruments, which provides the optimal ratio of return and investment risk for all stakeholders.

Currently, there is no reliable regulatory framework for determining the hazardous properties of coal seams, including the propensity of coal for spontaneous combustion. Under relatively identical mining engineering and geological conditions for mining coal seams, the probability of emergency situations is determined to a large extent by the genetic properties of coal. The research methodology is based on the classical definition of metamorphism, which characterizes the change in the composition and properties of coal. The analysis involves indicators that directly or indirectly characterize the elemental composition of organic and mineral mass, chemical activity and physico-mechanical properties. This will allow to establish a specific composition and properties that contribute to the manifestation of certain hazardous properties of coal seams during mining operations. It is shown that the modern industrial classification does not take into account the change in the organic and mineral constituents of coal, which does not make it possible to use it unchanged to predict the hazardous properties of coal seams.

The research was conducted at the premises of the agricultural systems laboratory on the basis of research findings and analysis and generalization of modern scientific literature on a rational choice of adaptive technologies for cultivation of 10 crops (wheat, barley, rye, peas, millet, etc.) for different conditions in Russia. The most effective conditions for technologies application facilitating the efficient use of available resources were determined. Criteria, standards and requirements for the efficiency of the most important technological techniques of modern agricultural technologies were posed, as well as approaches to automation and an algorithm for their rational choice. The scheme and structure of the database of the agricultural producer support system for a rational choice of highly profitable adaptive technologies for leading grain crops cultivation were developed. The structure of the database of the decision support system is represented in three units: initial information, regulatory and reference information and calculation algorithms. The implementation of the developments into the production process opens up opportunities for the most efficient use of the existing soil and climate potential of the territories and material and technical resources in order to ensure highly profitable sustainable crops yields.

The article deals with the need of increasing the competitiveness of rural areas in the food market and the share of local products in food supply of the population of the Saha Republic with local products. A system is substantiated that covers the necessity of state protectionist economic and social policy strengthening on the development of the northern regions, the creation of conditions for the agricultural sector of the economy effective functioning and the need to maintain a state support. It is emphasized that a stable economy always plays a crucial role in ensuring food security.

In the article, the authors consider the problem of identifying and assessing the risks that arise when organizing the delivery of construction goods using the example of one of the main materials - concrete mixture for transport and civil construction facilities. The relevance of this topic is due to the complexity and dynamism of the concrete mixture delivery system, during the functioning of which the emerging risks directly affect the quality of the supplied concrete mixture and technological processes. In this regard, the FMEA calculation and analytical method is propose, adapted to identify risks in the concrete mixture delivery system, which allows you to assess the criticality and significance of each identified type of risk (failure). Accounting, analysis and risk assessment constitute the toolkit of the risk management system - risk management - aimed at increasing the efficiency of business processes by reducing the likelihood of adverse events and minimizing possible losses. At the same time, risk management is directly relate to making management decisions, often in conditions of uncertainty. Thus, risk assessment and risk optimization is an important and complex task.

The paper considers a new type of powered roof support unit in the framework of interaction with geomechanical processes within the ground rock, particularly, in the thermodynamic balance capsule. Its novelty in comparison with similar Russian and foreign technologies consists is in the fact that geomechanical system “support–ground rock” is brought into the state of balance, which increases the safety of mining works at a coal extraction face.

Hydroacoustic parametric systems and methods of nonlinear acoustics in the investigation of the Ocean and the Arctic shelf are considered. A short description of the most promising directions of development of hydroacoustic systems with parametric radiating antennas is given. Characteristics of parametric devices are given, and the results of their applications to solve various problems of hydroacoustics are considered. We discuss new opportunities, which appear when applying parametric antennas, to illuminate underwater environment by autonomous underwater vehicles, and to ensure their navigation along the paths. The results of studies demonstrating single-mode excitation of a waveguide in a wide frequency band, of a parametric antenna, are presented. The possibility of broadband signal compression during its propagation in the result of waveguide dispersion, which leads to intensity increase, is shown. The ways of modernization and the prospective of application of the hydroacoustic means, using nonlinear acoustics methods, are discussed.

The article shows the relevance of creating digital twins and conducting topological and topographic optimizations as part of improving the physical and mechanical properties of car parts using the example of a car hood. A description of the existing optimization methods is given and the principle of the SIMP method is described. The results of optimizing the design of the hood of the car using this method are presented. We demonstrate that using modern approaches to modelling and optimization of automobile parts makes it possible to achieve targets in the design and redesign, to achieve sufficient structural strength while maintaining or reducing the mass of the original structure. It is shown that modelling allows providing an array of information on the optimized part as soon as possible, as well as reducing the consumption of materials used to create it.

The paper reveals peculiarities of transition periods in cultural dynamics. These processes are analysed by using the example of the continuum of European (as of the 19th c. – Euro-Atlantic) culture. The end of transition periods which are defined by the concept of “socio-cultural transformation” marks the beginning of progressive evolution of culture – the stage determined by the notion of “culture system”. The study singles out four stages of socio-cultural transformations in the continuum of European culture (late Hellenism, the Renaissance, the avant-garde, and postmodernity) as well as four culture systems (ancient, mediaeval, neo-European, and modern). The paper concludes that characterising socio-cultural transformations makes it possible to determine a concrete set of their features. These features are defined by the concept of “culturally dominant characteristics”. Various stages of socio-cultural transformations generally display the same set of such characteristics, the latter manifesting themselves with varying degrees of intensity, whereas the set of culturally dominant characteristics reflecting the essence of culture systems is different. The research resulted in singling out the following culturally dominant characteristics of socio-cultural transformations: relativism, pluralism, eclecticism, skepticism, gamification, as well as a break with the preceding cultural tradition. The research raises the problem of extending the application of the aforementioned regularities to the cultural dynamics of other civilisations.

The article presents an analysis of the tasks of industrial design (and in particular the design of vehicles) and demonstrates the importance of developing not only real objects, the purpose of which is to create cost-effective products, but also conceptual developments, the tasks of which are much wider. Conceptual developments allow us to form an image of the future, which we want to strive for, to form trends and to demonstrate new opportunities that new technologies open up to us. In this regard, the paper demonstrates a new classification of conceptual developments, as well as the competence of the concept designer who carries out such developments. The classifier contains the division of industrial design, conceptual design and concept art. Conceptual design is concentrated near the border of scientific knowledge, which allows the relevant developments, on the one hand, to be guided by modern high technologies (high technology design), and, on the other hand, to offer solutions that can potentially offer an innovative way of development of a particular field of knowledge, forming a request for new technologies. Competence of a concept designer for such work involves, among other things, the ability to work with the future (futurology) and additional competencies in the field of directing and screenwriting, to create an appropriate visual narrative and convey the value content of the projected image of the future.

The article presents the results of a study of the flexibility of children of primary school age in rural areas on the example of a municipal school in the city of Yakutsk. Many children experience the lack of physical training and are to be trained in a certain way in order to receive better results. The metgodology of training proposed by the authors and experimentally tested in the the Municipal Educational Institution “Zarechnaya MGES” of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) in the city of Yakutsk, Russia in the classes on general physical training demonstrates excellent results and is highly recommended to be used by the trainers in the Republic and the whole country.

The article describes how in extreme, harsh natural and climatic conditions of the Arctic, such activities as cattle breeding, horse breeding, reindeer husbandry, hunting, and fishing are conducted. Effective development of northern settlements, active construction and operation of inter-district highways are reviewed and justified. Attention is drawn to the acute problem of training, retraining, and securing qualified specialists in the North, providing them with housing. It is recommended to develop proposals on the issues of credit and financial and tax policy, logistics, which are related to the northern state policy, as well as targeted control over the timing of the transfer and targeted funds for the purpose and their use. The goal is to justify measures to stimulate the development of settlements of the Arctic zone of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia). Methodology: the study of existing regulations and their retrospective analysis. Results: Reasonable proposals for stimulating the development of the settlements.

Using computer simulating in Deform 2D it was researched the effect of insert thickness and air gap size, separating it from the internal cylinder, on temperature pattern and stresses in the insert and the internal cylinder. It was shown, that with the increase a clearance between the insert and the internal cylinder and with increase the insert thickness, weight average values of voltage decrease in it. They have been more evenly spread with increases of insert thickness. In tuyere design it was offered increasing it thickness to 13 mm for hardening. Key words: tuyere, blast furnace, insulation insert, internal cylinder, temperature pattern, stress.

The computational fluid dynamic research in this work has focused on the problem of full-scale three-dimensional modelling water purification processes by the electromagnetic method. Presently, this method of purification was used in the final stage of processing for the production of ultrapure water. In spite of many field experiments, detailed data on such processes can be obtained only by the mathematical modelling. This way allows us to take into account many aspects, for example: real three-dimensional geometry, physical structure of the purification system, heterogeneous composition of the impurities, etc. And also, the mathematical modelling helps to optimize many parameters in order to improve a design of the purification system. Within the framework of the modelling problem, one of the important aspects is the correct description of the three-dimensional flow inside a specific purification system. For this purpose, various mathematical models and numerical approaches are implemented. In this paper, the flow calculation was realized on basis of the Navier-Stokes equations.