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O presente artigo debate a noção de sustentabilidade à luz da discussão conduzida por Amartya Sen sobre desenvolvimento humano e qualidade de vida, buscando redimensionar o papel e o valor do humano em meio aos desafios do desenvolvimento. O texto tenta refletir sobre a contribuição para uma socioecologia nas obras de Sen, e do sentido intelectual presumido de ser um antídoto às abordagens economicistas que codificaram a natureza como “reino das mercadorias” ao mesmo tempo em que cercaram o componente humano de profunda aridez de significado e valor explicativo.

At the thresholds of 2020, gender differences are still reason of inequalities, even in the most economically advanced countries, as shown by the Global Gender Gap Report. Indeed, democratic and liberal societies are dominated by behavioural ‘masculine’ dynamics, according to homo economicus’ paradigm. Many representatives of feminism, as Ortner, complain the strong competitiveness of homo economicus for representing individual decisions, where are lost those horizons not regulated by markets laws: one of these is caregiving, understood as health and/or home care, where female figures prevail. I would suggest an alternative to these perspectives, androcentric and feminist, which enables to go beyond gender specificity. I have proceeded with Sen’s anthropological proposal where man is ‘relation’ with himself herself, into intrapersonal space, and with the others, into interpersonal space. Thanks to ‘multiple identities’, we can rediscover the value of reciprocity in social interactions, culminated in the birth of relational goods which returns the importance of care in these interactions which increase social capital, as in caregiving. Since the creation of relational goods two questions arise: on the one hand, asking if this may become the starting point for an expansion of care’s reciprocity from the intersubjective domain to their reference community; on the other, discussing whether an ethics of care may coexist with an ethics of rights. The answer is affirmative for both, but it requires the overcoming of gender’s dichotomy, where the ethics of care is declined with a female voice, as compassion, and the ethics of rights with a male voice, as rationality. A choral answer is required, able to harmonise, without confusing, the level of care with the respect of rights, like the goals-rights system of Sen in dialogue with the ethics of care of Nussbaum, careful to the most human aspects of the existence.

This paper will offer a new edition, with critical apparatus, commentary and translation, of an anonymous poem (BdT 461.170) that has so far not been edited (nor commented) yet it appears of great interest for some linguistic aspects as well as for the fact that it reflects a later period and a mentality that might be termed protobourgeois. The poem will also be placed in context within the macrotext to which it belongs, because it forms a meaningful sequence together with the two stanzas that follow it in Chansonnier P (BdT 461.173 e 461.162, of which an edition with commentary and translation will be provided). Furthermore, the paper will examine the intertextual relationships of BdT 461.170 with other poems belonging to the same genre (short troubadour poems of a sententious and gnomic type): as far as these are concerned, the text reveals surprising links with the ‘cobla’ BdT 461.123b that opens the anthology of ‘esparsas’ in Chansonnier J (a new edition of this latter cobla will also be given here).

Sustentabilidade; Desenvolvimento; Socioecologia; Ética; Qualidade de vida;

This paper promotes a comparison between Amartya Sen’s Idea of Justice and the masterpiece Great Expectations of English novelist Charles Dickens, published in 1860, shedding light on proximities and counterpoints between the theory of Sen and the experience of Dickens’ characters. This correlation departs from the epigraph of Sen’s work, which evokes the injustices experienced by the protagonist Pip in Great Expectations, opening a project of justice. For this purpose, the structural dimensions of Sen’s theory of justice will be revisited, as a concrete project for removal of injustices on the lines of rational argumentation and the theory of social choice, opposed to transcendent theories. In its turn, the universe of the boy Pip of Great Expectations reveals the complex path from childhood innocence to obsession and snobbery, with hopes and frustrations built in the backdrop of Victorian England, with the deep wound of poverty and inequality as a legacy of Industrial Revolution. Dickens, in this sense, is at once a sharp critic of his time, engaging in social transformation, and a master in exploring the psychological dynamics of human relationships. Hence, the authors become close on the poignant portrayal of injustice, demanding maximum and immediate removal. They are perhaps apart on the invitation to reflect abstractly on justice and ethics in itself, as well as on the weight given to the institutions. In any case, to reflect over justice in this shared space, in which the evocative power and communicative reach of ideas are expanded, becomes an enriching exercise in all senses.

Sustentabilidade; Desenvolvimento; Socioecologia; Ética; Qualidade de vida;

This paper analyzes the concept of Development and its theoretical evolution, starting from the defi nitions developed by Joseph Schumpeter, Celso Furtado, Amartya Sen and Paul Singer. In addition, it aims to demonstrate the relationship between Politics and Economics, as well as its vital importance in the understanding of the topic. Finally, it demonstrates the internationalization of the issue and the importance of an interdisciplinary approach.

There exists a rarely observed association between pulmonary histiocytosis X and bronchopulmonary cancer. However, the frequency of bronchopulmonary cancer in these patients is higher than in the general population. A 28-year-old patient who currently smokes ten packs of cigarettes a year came to our department of pneumology with complains of cough and hemoptysis. An x-ray of the thorax revealed bilateral cysts and a shadow in the upper part of the right pulmonary field. In addition, a chest tomography showed multiple cysts dispersed throughout the two pulmonary fields and an irregular mass with a diameter of four centimetres in the upper right lobe. Bronchopulmonary adenocarcinoma was diagnosed during a cytologic exam of the bronchial washing. We decided to perform a thoracotomy on the patient, since there was no far metastasis. An upper lobectomy and wedge resection of the upper segment of the lower right lobe, which had been invaded by the tumour, were performed. Histology confirmed the diagnosis of adenocarcinoma. A pulmonary biopsy was carried out on the tumour-free site and showed the presence of histiocytosis X. There is a hypothesis that a neoplasm developed on the pulmonary fibrosis could be an epiphenomenon of bronchopulmonary cancer in patients who smoke and have pulmonary histiocytosis X. It is interesting to note that histiocytosis X and bronchopulmonary cancer were diagnosed at the same time, since the bronchopulmonary cancer may have occurred within a few years following the diagnosis of histiocytosis X, even if she was a smoker. Hemoptysis, which is found in 5% of patients with histiocytosis X, may suggest cancer. This young patient, a smoker, who complained of hemoptysis, is a particularly rare case of the association between pulmonary histiocytosis X and bronchopulmonary cancer whose pathogenesis is not clear cut. It is thus important to note that smoking can have major consequences, even in young people.

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A abordagem territorial, levada à condição de estratégia governamental, tornou os programas da Secretaria de Desenvolvimento Territorial (SDT) inovadores. O presente trabalho pode ser compreendido como resultado dos esforços da SDT em articular poder público e sociedade civil nos territórios rurais, através da criação das Células de Acompanhamento e Informação (CAIs), compostas por pesquisadores cuja tarefa consiste em produzir conhecimentos sobre as dinâmicas do desenvolvimento. Este artigo faz parte das atividades da CAI do Território Zona Sul do RS, e aborda questões que surgiram por meio do exame inicial de dados obtidos através do Índice de Condições de Vida (ICV) e do Índice de Desenvolvimento Sustentável (IDS). Com base nestes indicadores, pretende-se analisar as representações sociais dos atores do território, iniciando uma discussão sobre a importância das diferentes percepções dos grupos sociais a respeito de suas condições de vida e sugerir conceitos que podem auxiliar na sua compreensão. Esta questão surge como lacuna a ser preenchida quando se atenta para a crescente importância da dimensão subjetiva nos atuais estudos sobre desenvolvimento. A partir das contribuições teóricas de Sen e de Moscovici, referentes às representações sociais, apresenta-se uma discussão de como estas abordagens podem auxiliar na análise dos dados do ICV e do IDS. Aponta-se para a necessidade de construção de diferentes metodologias de pesquisa para compreender a forma com que a transformação social chega aos mais diversos contextos culturais. Além disso, sublinha-se a necessidade de criação de condições para se aferir e analisar os resultados deste processo, para o que uma metodologia de estudo das representações e dos aspectos cognitivos dos indivíduos é uma ferramenta necessária.

Discussion of this ‘sirventes’, composed in the aftermath of Louis IX’s second crusade and death at Tunis in 1270, raises two main issues: the identity of “Haenric”, and Austorc’s introduction of his song as a ‘devinalh’ in the tradition of Guilhem de Peitieus and Raimbaut d’Aurenga. Contrary to the hypothesis that “Haenric” is the Infant Henry of Castile, the lines “qu’era de sen e de saber ses par / e tot lo mielhs era de sos parens” point conclusively towards the son of Richard of Cornwall, Henry of Almain. The speaker’s mental and spiritual confusion faced with the defeat of the Christian faith is attributed to some unknown force, either God Himself or a devil, and following on from this unspecified “dïables”, “esperitz” suggests an evil spirit and may refer back to Charles of Anjou. The rhetorical evocation of the ‘devinalh’ tradition serves both to express dismay at Louis’ failure and to focus blame on his brother. Essentially propagandistic, it lacks the subtlety of earlier examples of the riddling tradition, though the undeveloped potential for this hovers around the possibility of God destroying his own religion.

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Among the 324 miniatures that illustrate the Biblia de Alba (Castille, 1422–1430), more than one hundred feature the king, the court, and battles, in which the leader is, once more, the king. This work on this Bible was carried out by one of the great scholars of his day, Rabbi Moses Arragel of Guadalajara, honored translator, and renowned exegete, who also saw to the illuminations in the manuscript in collaboration with a Franciscan and a Dominican friar. Through knowledge of his Jewish heritage, Arragel sought “to promote the glory of Castile.” At the same time, he had a clear ideological program, making the history of the Jews appear in the form of res gestae, important deeds. The Jews are conquerors, kings and warriors, champions of the Mosaic faith, which, in his commentary on Isaiah 2:5, he calls “the holy catholic faith,” in the sense of universal (fol. 267r). Arragel thus transmits a highly glorified imagine of the Jews in Spanish society, rejecting that of the scapegoat, the “degraded people”, which the Church and others had sought to impose upon the Jews for refusing to recognize the true faith. This joint work, the combined effort of Jewish scribes and Christian artists under the direction of Arragel himself, following the orders of a Church prelate, yielded a unique result, one that is truly remarkable, a Bible that is at once Christian in appearance, yet remains profoundly Jewish. This Bible may fairly be called the most important document to have reached our hands from the reign of John II. It witnesses what may have been the last attempt at real communication between Jews and Christians before the 1492 expulsion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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A quantitative study on the action of HO upon Cl. saccharobutyricum shows that the primary action is produced upon a first substance X, very likely an enzyme, following a mechanism such as one equivalent of oxygen gives a reversible combination, and two equivalents an irreversible combination. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]