Search

XP is generally considered to be a very serious disease in the tropics due to its pronounced sensitivity to sunlight. A disabling condition, first described by Kaposi in 1870, remains very rare in black people. We report a case of squamous cell carcinoma arising from XP, which is rare in dermatological consultations in Guinea. An 11-year-old Guinean student presented with an ulcerative-crust nodule of the scalp that had been evolving for 2 months. He was from a 1st degree consanguineous marriage and had undergone unsuccessful medical and traditional consultations and treatments. Examination showed an ulcerative-crusty nodule on the left parietal area, hypo-hyperpigmented macules on the exposed areas, cheilitis and photophobia. The rest of the examination was normal. Skin histopathology confirmed squamous cell carcinoma, and the CT scan showed no metastatic lesions. Multidisciplinary management was proposed. The patient remains under medical supervision. Skin cancers occurring in XP patients can be prevented by applying photoprotection measures, and genetic counselling before consanguineous unions could also help prevention. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The incidence of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) has been divided by 3 in France over the last 30 years, but this tumor remains associated with a poor prognosis. The main prognostic factor is the tumor stage at the time of diagnosis. ESCC does not cause any symptom in its early stages and is often diagnosed at an advanced stage: less than 10 % of ESCCs are diagnosed at a localized stage (≤ T2). No screening program exists in France nationwide or in high-risk individuals. Early (T1) ESCCs are eligible for endoscopic resection by endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD), which is as effective as surgery in terms of overall survival and recurrence-free survival, and associated with a much lower morbidity and mortality. ESD is considered curative in case of an en-bloc resection, histologically complete, and with a limited metastatic risk, as evaluated based on histopronostic factors present on the resection specimen. In case of positive deep resection margins, deep submucosal invasion, poorly differentiated tumor, or lymphatic and/or vascular invasion, the resection is considered non-curative and further treatment should be considered. After each ESD for superficial ESCC, the need for further treatment is discussed at a dedicated tumor board, weighting the risk of metastases against the patient's age and co-morbid conditions, and the risks associated with the treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Several recent studies have shown that immunotherapy in combination with fluoropyrimidine/platinum chemotherapy or other immunotherapy can -reduce the risk of death in patients with advanced oesophageal squamous cell -carcinoma, as compared to standard treatment with chemotherapy plus placebo. A -Marketing Authorisation has been granted by the European Medicines Agency for the use of nivolumab and ipilimumab (combined with nivolumab) in patients with tumours expressing PDL1 (TPS ≥ 1). Also, a Marketing Authorisation has been granted to pembrolizumab combined with chemotherapy in patients with PDL1-expressing tumours with a CPS ≥ 10. In France, only access to pembrolizumab or nivolumab is currently funded. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Synchronous multiple primary lung tumors are a relatively rare entity with an increasing incidence in recent years due to the development of thoracic imaging and immunohistochemical techniques. The second lesion is considered in most cases as a secondary location, which partly explains the decrease in the incidence of this entity. We report the observation of a 74-year-old patient with two synchronous primary lung tumors, an adenocarcinoma and an epidermoid carcinoma. Through this clinical observation, we highlight the difficulty of diagnosing synchronous tumors and the major interest of new imaging modalities and immunohistochemical techniques for the optimal management of these tumors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Résumé: Les tumeurs superficielles œsophagiennes sont des lésions fréquentes, de mauvais pronostic oncologique. Compte tenu des progrès de l'endoscopie diagnostique, ces lésions sont diagnostiquées à des stades de plus en plus précoces, autorisant des résections endoscopiques pour les stades superficiels. L'ESGE a édité en 2015 des critères permettant de considérer comme curative une résection de lésion superficielle œsophagienne. Ces critères diffèrent en fonction du type histologique (adénocarcinome ou carcinome épidermoïde), notamment en raison d'un risque d'invasion ganglionnaire plus élevé en cas de carcinome épidermoïde. À ce jour, peu de données existent concernant la résection endoscopique des cancers superficiels de l'œsophage dans un contexte de cirrhose ou d'hypertension portale, alors que des facteurs de risque confondant existent entre maladies hépatiques et risque de cancer œsophagien. Dans cette mini-revue, nous recensons les quelques études de cas ou séries rétrospectives à effectifs limités, décrivant différentes techniques visant à diminuer le risque hémorragique, telles que la ligature de varices œsophagiennes, la pose d'un shunt intrahépatique par voie transjugulaire, ou la technique du « ligate and let go ». Il existe plus de données concernant la résection endoscopique de lésions gastriques en cas de cirrhose ou d'hypertension portale, ainsi qu'une étude traitant de la résection de tumeurs superficielles toutes localisations confondues (tube digestif haut et bas) chez le patient cirrhotique. Superficial esophageal tumors are common lesions with a poor oncological prognosis. With advances in diagnostic endoscopy, these lesions are being diagnosed at increasingly earlier stages, allowing endoscopic resections for superficial stages. The ESGE published criteria in 2015 to classify as curative a resection of a superficial esophageal lesion. These criteria differ according to the histological type of tumor (adenocarcinoma or squamous cell carcinoma), in particular because of a higher risk of lymph node invasion in the case of squamous cell carcinoma. To date, few data exist concerning endoscopic resection of superficial esophageal cancers in the context of cirrhosis or portal hypertension. There are only case reports or small retrospective series describing different techniques to reduce the risk of bleeding from portal hypertension, such as endoscopic band ligation of esophageal varices, Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt, or the "ligate and let go" technique. There are more data about endoscopic resection of gastric lesions in cirrhosis or portal hypertension, as well as one study about resection of superficial tumors in all locations (upper and lower gastrointestinal tract) in the cirrhotic patient. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Clear cell squamous cell carcinoma is a poorly known, very rare, and poorly described variant of squamous cell carcinoma, with only 10 cases reported in the literature. It usually occurs in the oral cavity, with predominance of the female sex. We report the case of a 47-year-old man presenting with a rapidly growing budding mass in the base of the tongue. The diagnosis of clear cell squamous cell carcinoma was retained based on histological and immunohistochemical results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The face is social support. Eyes allow the individual to interact with the environment and others. Orbital exenteration defects are the results of extreme disfiguring surgery, leading to functional, aesthetic and psychological sequelae. Reconstruction is essential and must meet several objectives: filling the cavity and closing any communications with the adjacent structures, obtaining rapid healing, allowing for local monitoring and finally enabling patients to reintegrate into society and achieve a satisfactory quality of life. We here present our experience in filling and reconstructing these cavities. Our study involved 20 patients with orbital exenteration defects over a period of 5 years (February 2015-February 2020). We analyzed the epidemiological features, clinical profile, and methods of the reconstruction as well as patients' outcomes in our hospital. The average age of patients was 58.5 years. Squamous cell carcinoma was the main histological type, followed by basal cell carcinoma. Filling techniques included directed wound healing (7 cases), temporalis fascia flap (2 cases), temporalis muscle flap (10 cases). Methods of reconstruction included directed wound healing (6 cases), full-thickness skin graft (1 case), mediofrontal flap (6 cases; alone or associated with the temporalis muscle), converse scalping flap in three cases. Free latissimus dorsi flap was used in two cases. Thirteen patients showed good outcomes, with good healing after an average follow-up period of 9 months. The most common complication was infection and suture release. Two patients were lost to follow-up. Orbital exenteration defects can be approached in many ways. Temporalis muscle flap has been shown to be a robust and safe choice as well as an excellent filling solution. Prostheses are an aesthetic but expensive solution that should be developed in our hospital. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Foot Medicine & Surgery / Medecine et Chirurgie du Pied is the property of John Libbey Eurotext Ltd. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Current events in radiotherapy oncology are marked by the results of strategic trials, particularly for esophageal and rectal cancers. For resectable esophageal adenocarcinoma, results of the ESOPEC study showed a benefit in overall survival from the perioperative chemotherapy with fluorouracil plus leucovorin, oxaliplatin and docetaxel compared to chemoradiotherapy (41.4Gy radiotherapy and carboplatin/paclitaxel chemotherapy). In definitive setting, the CONCORDE study did not show any benefit from dose escalation and the standard dose remains 50Gy. For resectable pancreatic cancer, the NRG/RTOG0848 study that compared adjuvant chemotherapy with or without chemoradiotherapy found a significant increase of the 5-year disease-free survival rate in the subgroup of node-negative patients. For rectal cancers, the 7-year update of PRODIGE 23 study confirmed the benefit in disease-free- and overall survival of neoadjuvant folinic acid, fluorouracil, irinotecan and oxaliplatin chemotherapy before chemoradiotherapy of T3, T4 or N+ adenocarcinoma, while the update of the RAPIDO study revealed an unacceptable local recurrence rate in the experimental arm. The update of the OPRA study shows a significantly higher 5-year organ preservation rate in favor of the chemoradiotherapy arm followed by consolidation chemotherapy compared to induction chemotherapy followed by CRT. A phase 2 study, including 41 patients with mismatch repair deficient, locally advanced rectal cancer reported that exclusive treatment with anti-PDL1 immunotherapy (dostarlimab) for 6 months resulted in complete clinical response without the need of additional treatment (neither radiotherapy nor surgery). For anal carcinoma, the analysis of survival and toxicity profiles of patients treated for a small stage T1 or T2 tumor were compared depending on whether they received exclusive radiotherapy or chemoradiotherapy. The addition of chemotherapy to radiotherapy did not show any survival benefit but significantly increased toxicity and the risk of radiotherapy disruption., (Copyright © 2024. Published by Elsevier Masson SAS.)

Introduction: cervical cancer is a public health problem in Cameroon, ranking as the 2nd most frequent cancer. The purpose of our study was to describe the epidemiological and clinical characteristics of patients with cervical cancer at the Douala General Hospital in Cameroon. Method: we conducted a retrospective study over the period 1 January 2016 to 31 December 2017. Results: the study enrolled 357 women. Patients' age ranged from 25 to 88 years, with an average age of 52.82 ± 12.36 years. Patients from the Western Region were more heavily represented, with a percentage of 42.2% (n= 124/294). The majority of them were unemployed housekeepers (57.3%; n=200/341). The age of first sexual intercourse was recorded for only 37% (n=133/357) of the study population, with an average age of 16.73 ± 2.16 years; while the average age on giving birth to the first child was 18.92 ± 3.44 years. On the other hand, 6.5% (n=11/169) of patients were smokers, while 44% (n=73/166) were alcohol abusers. Squamous cell carcinoma was the most common histologic type (85.6%; n=255/298). The most frequent stage at diagnosis was stage IIB (22.3%, n=71/319) followed by stage IIIB (21.6%; n=69/319). Conclusion: in Cameroon, cervical cancer commonly occurs in unemployed adult women and it is associated with an advanced-stage diagnosis. Hence the need to improve awareness of prevention and early diagnosis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Résumé: Jusqu'à récemment le traitement des carcinomes épidermoïdes de l'œsophage et des adénocarcinomes œsogastriques avancés HER-2 négatif reposait exclusivement sur la chimiothérapie. Depuis plusieurs années, les inhibiteurs de point de contrôle immunitaire (ICI) sont évalués dans ces cancers d'abord en monothérapie dans les tumeurs chimio-résistantes et plus récemment en combinaison à la chimiothérapie en première ligne de traitement. Dans les tumeurs de l'œsophage, les ICI ont montré une amélioration de la survie globale en monothérapie en deuxième ligne comparée à la chimiothérapie seule, en association avec la chimiothérapie en première ligne comparée à la chimiothérapie seule en cas de score PD-L1 CPS ≥ 10 (Programmed Death Ligand-1 Combined Positive Score) et en situation adjuvante après traitement par radio-chimiothérapie puis chirurgie comparée à la surveillance seule aboutissant donc à trois autorisations de mise sur le marché (AMM) européennes. Concernant les adénocarcinomes gastriques métastatiques avec instabilité micro-satellitaire (dMMR/MSI), les ICI en monothérapie (anti-PD1/PD-L1) et bithérapie (anti-PD1/PD-L1 plus anti-CTLA4) ont montré une efficacité majeure mais le remboursement est toujours en attente en France. Récemment, la combinaison fluoropyrimidine, oxaliplatine et nivolumab (anti-PD-1) a montré sa supériorité sur la chimiothérapie seule en première ligne dans les adénocarcinomes œsogastriques métastatiques avec un CPS ≥ 5 aboutissant également à une AMM européenne. De plus, des essais de phase III en situation péri-opératoire sont en cours, combinant les anti-PD-1/PD-L1 au schéma FLOT. Des essais récents ont montré une efficacité majeure des ICI en situation péri-opératoire des adénocarcinomes œsogastriques dMMR/MSI résécables. Le principal enjeu actuel reste l'identification de biomarqueurs prédictifs d'efficacité au-delà de l'instabilité micro-satellitaire et de l'expression de PD-L1, afin de mieux sélectionner les patients qui ont un gain en survie avec ces différentes combinaisons tout en limitant la toxicité et en préservant la qualité de vie. Until recently, the treatment of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma and HER-2 negative esogastric adenocarcinoma is only based on chemotherapy. Since several years, immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) have been evaluated in these cancers, first as monotherapy in chemo-resistant tumors and more recently in combination with chemotherapy as first-line treatment. In esophageal tumors, ICI have shown an improvement of overall survival in second line setting as monotherapy compared to chemotherapy alone, in combination with first line chemotherapy compared to chemotherapy alone in tumours with PD-L1 CPS ≥ 10 (Programmed Death Ligand-1 Combined Positive Score) and in adjuvant setting after treatment by chemoradiotherapy plus surgery compared to placebo, thus resulting in 3 European marketing authorizations. Concerning metastatic gastric adenocarcinomas with micro-satellite instability (dMMR/MSI), ICI in monotherapy (anti-PD1/PD-L1) and doublet (anti-PD1/PD-L1 plus anti-CTLA4) have shown major efficacy but reimbursement is still pending in France. Recently, fluoropyrimidine, oxaliplatin and nivolumab (anti-PD-1) combination showed its superiority over chemotherapy alone in 1st line setting in metastatic esogastric adenocarcinomas with a CPS ≥5 also resulting in a European marketing authorization. In addition, phase III trials in the perioperative setting are ongoing, combining anti-PD-1/PD-L1 with the FLOT regimen. Finally, recent trials have shown major efficacy of ICI in the perioperative setting of resectable dMMR/MSI esogastric adenocarcinoma. The major current challenge remains the identification of predictive biomarkers of ICI efficacy beyond microsatellite instability and PD-L1 expression in order to better select patients who have a survival increase with these different combinations while limiting toxicity and preserving quality of life. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction. Scalp tumours raise multiple problems regarding the radical excision of the neoplasm followed by reconstructive surgery. Prolonged sun exposure and administration of immunosuppressive medication are the main risk factors for the onset of this neoplasm. The paper presents the advantages and disadvantages of scalp reconstruction using rhomboid flaps, after surgical excision of the skin cancer. Case presentation. The paper presents the case of a 83-year-old patient admitted for the treatment of squamous cell carcinoma located on the scalp. The pathological history of the patient showed that there were multiple hospitalizations for the treatment of chronic heart failure and hypertension. The therapeutic protocol included excision of a squamous cell carcinoma located in the scalp, followed by immediate reconstruction with three rhomboid flaps advanced towards the midline. The local evolution of the patient was favorable, the flaps integrating without complications, obtaining in this context a very good result from an aesthetic point of view. Conclusions. The use of the reconstructive technique involving the transposition of three rhomboid flaps to cover the soft tissue defects located in the scalp region is a feasible solution that offers very good aesthetic results.

Introduction. Although squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is the most common oral cancer with distribution worldwide, the giant form of the disease is extremely rare, due to its easy detection and early diagnosis. The primary goal in tumor surgery is excision with borders clear of neoplasia. The second goal is aesthetics and function retention. The specific surgical approach is chosen according to the length, the thickness and the location of the lip defect. Case presentation. We present the case of a patient with squamous cell carcinoma of the lower lip. In the reported case, the full thickness defect resulting from SCC excision, which affects more than one third of the length of the lower lip, had been reconstructed with the Bernard-Webster lid. Conclusions. Although the etiologic factors for squamous cell carcinoma are well-known, new prognostic factors for tumor differentiation, such as -catenin abnormal expression, and the negative impact on patient’s demographic characteristics are considered. Poor social conditions are to be considered as a potential risk factor for the development of giant forms of SCC in addition. Improving the quality of life of these patients would be essential to minimize risk factors for the development of the disease and to improve prognosis overall.

Introduction: Chronic inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is thought to increase the risk of high-grade histological intraepithelial lesions (HGIL) and cervical cancer. The risk factors for developing these lesions are poorly understood., Materials and Methods: This is a single-center retrospective case-control study including IBD patients followed at our University Hospital Center from 2011 to 2021 who presented with HGIL or cervical cancer. Four controls were case-matched according to IBD type, age, active smoking and multiparity., Results: Eighteen cases and 72 controls were included. We found no significant differences between the 2 groups with regard to mean age at IBD diagnosis, mean duration of IBD, IBD location, history of IBD-related surgery or even association with another chronic inflammatory disease. In our study, the use of immunosuppressants/biotherapies in these patients [50% (9/18) for cases vs. 56% (40/72) for controls; P=0.9] was not a risk factor for IGRA or cervical cancer. Similarly, neither the total duration of exposure to immunosuppressants/biotherapies (9.9±8years for cases vs. 6.6±5.3years for controls; P=0.1), nor combined therapies [11% (2/18) for cases vs. 6% (4/72) for controls; P=0.3], nor azathioprine or methotrexate use [22% (4/18) for cases vs. 11% (8/72) for controls; P=0.3] were found to be risk factors., Conclusion: In our study, we found no risk factors for patients with IBD to develop IGRA or cervical cancer., (Copyright © 2024 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Masson SAS.. All rights reserved.)

Résumé: Le cancer de l'anus est rare, un peu plus de 2 000 cas par an en France. Toutefois, son incidence est en constante augmentation, 3 à 6 % par an. Le carcinome épidermoïde est le type histologique le plus fréquent. Une infection persistante par un ou plusieurs papillomavirus humains oncogènes est responsable de la majorité des carcinomes épidermoïdes de l'anus. Les génotypes 16 et 18 sont les plus fréquemment impliqués. L'immunosuppression, les rapports anaux et les antécédents de lésions précancéreuses ou de cancers viro-induits sont des facteurs de risque importants. Les symptômes sont aspécifiques, ce qui peut retarder le diagnostic. Le bilan pré-thérapeutique repose principalement sur le scanner thoraco-abdomino-pelvien, l'IRM pelvienne et la TEP-18-FDG. L'association d'une radiothérapie et d'une chimiothérapie associant classiquement la mitomycine C et le 5-fluorouracile est le traitement de référence du carcinome épidermoïde de l'anus pour les tumeurs T2 avec ou sans adénopathies et sans métastases à distance. Pour les tumeurs T1N0, une radiothérapie exclusive est habituellement proposée. La chirurgie est rarement nécessaire pour ce type de tumeurs habituellement très sensibles à la radiochimiothérapie. L'amputation abdominopérinéale est actuellement réservée aux situations de non-réponse, de poursuite évolutive et de rechute locale après radiochimiothérapie. Pour les formes très localisées, l'exérèse chirurgicale locale peut être considérée comme une option thérapeutique pour certaines tumeurs T1N0 du canal anal de moins d'1 cm pour lesquelles le diagnostic de cancer a été posé fortuitement à l'examen histologique de la pièce opératoire. Certaines données récentes de la littérature ont montré de bons résultats pour l'exérèse chirurgicale des tumeurs T1 avec une survie à moyen terme supérieure à 80 % et un risque de complication faible. Cependant, en l'absence d'études prospectives, randomisées et contrôlées, le niveau de preuve est faible et la place de l'exérèse locale en traitement de première ligne doit encore être évaluée par des études dédiées. Anal cancer is rare, about 2,000 cases/year in France. However, the incidence is increasing, 3 to 6% per year. Squamous cell carcinoma is the most common histologic type. Persistent infection with one or more oncogenic human papillomavirus is the main risk factor. Genotypes 16 and 18 are the most frequently involved. Immunosuppression, anal intercourse, and a history of precancerous lesions or virus-induced cancers are important risk factors too. Symptoms are nonspecific and diagnosis can be delayed. Evaluation of tumor extension is based mainly on the CT of chest, abdomen and pelvis, pelvic MRI and PET/CT. Primary chemoradiotherapy with mitomycin C and 5-fluorouracil is the current standard of care for squamous cell carcinoma of the anus classified T2 with or without lymphadenopathy and without metastases in the anus. distance. For T1N0 tumors, exclusive radiotherapy is usually offered. Surgery is rarely necessary for this type of tumor with good response to cheradiomotherapy. Abdomino-perineal resection is recommended for situations of non-response, progressive continuation and local relapse after chemoradiotherapy. For small tumors, local surgical excision may be considered as a curative treatment for T1N0 tumors of the anal canal of less than 1 cm for which the diagnosis of cancer was made incidentally on histological examination of the surgical specimen. Recent data from the literature have shown good results for surgical excision of T1 tumors with a medium-term survival over 80% and low risk of complications. However, in the absence of prospective, randomized, controlled studies, the level of evidence is low. The role of local excision in front-line treatment has yet to be assessed by dedicated studies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Conjunctival tumors are common in tropical areas, where exposure to ultraviolet radiation is high and almost permanent. Malignant tumors are quite rare and the most represented is conjunctival squamous cell carcinoma. We report two cases of invasive squamous cell carcinoma of the conjunctiva received in the ophthalmology department of the Sominé Dolo hospital in Mopti, Mali. The patients were 25 and 51 years old, living in a rural desert area exposed to sunlight and dust. They presented with a mass developed in the area of the palpebral fissure, invading the cornea and preventing palpebral occlusion. The mass was raised, multi-lobulated, well circumscribed, pearly white in color and papillomatous in appearance with dilation of the feeder vessels. A wide surgical excision at 4 - 5 mm from the healthy tissue edges was performed with anatomopathological examination of the specimen, which confirmed a mature and invasive differentiated squamous cell carcinoma of the conjunctiva. The extension workup and HIV serology were negative. The evolution was favorable in the medium term without recurrence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Congenital cystic disease of the biliary tree is a known risk factor for gallbladder cancer. We here report a case of squamous cell carcinoma of the bile duct (BD) complicating a cystic dilatation of the bile ducts in a 54-year-old woman hospitalized for biliary pancreatitis. Abdominal scanner showed nodular thickening of the fundus of the gallbladder and fusiform dilation of the cystic duct and the main bile duct (VBP) with lesion of the tail of the pancreas, initially suggesting mucinous cystadenoma. Extended cholecystectomy involving the gallbladder fossa with resection of the distal biliary tract, choledocoduodenal anastomosis with caudal splenopancreatectomy + drainage were performed. Histopathological examination of the gallbladder mass revealed moderately differentiated invasive squamous cell carcinoma without infiltration of the hepatic parenchyma. The patient underwent adjuvant chemotherapy. The patient did not have the common symptoms of gallbladder cancer. Then radiology was necessary to make a diagnosis. Surgery is the best therapeutic option for early-stage gallbladder cancer, but adjuvant chemo-radiation may also be useful in treating these patients. Cholecystectomy with resection of cystic dilatation of the bile duct in high-risk patients are the most effective means of prevention. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Verrucous carcinoma (VC) is an uncommon, distinct type of well-differentiated squamous cell carcinoma in which metastasis is rare. It is locally agressive and often affects deep structures such as tendons, muscles and bone in which invasion remain rare. Verrucous carcinoma is commonly misdiagnosed as a wart or chronic infection for months or years. We report a case of a 85-year-old woman with a verrucous carcinoma developing in an intertriginous area of the foot with bone invasion.

A deceitful case of an inguinal adenophlegmon as a presenting complaint for underlying metastatic cutanuous squamous cell carcinoma

Squamous cell carcinoma of the bladder is a rare form of bladder tumor, accounting for less than 5% of bladder cancers. Sex ratio is balanced and the black population is more affected by this disease. It manifests with non-specific clinical symptoms and it is dominated by haematuria. Diagnosis is based on endoscopic resection of the bladder with anatomopathological examination. Treatment remains controversial because of the rarity of cases reported in the literature. However, radical cystectomy with extensive lymph node dissection is the treatment of choice. We here report a series of 10 cases of squamous cell carcinoma treated and followed up in our department. Our study highlights the epidemiological, clinical, anatomopathological, therapeutic and evolutionary features of squamous cell carcinoma as well as its prognostic factors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Thyroid abscess is an extremely rare condition. Its diagnosis is often late, which predisposes to serious complications. We report a case of thyroid abscess in a young adult who presented to the emergency room for a basi-cervical swelling associated with dysphonia, dysphagia and dyspnea. Neck ultrasound showed a collection of left thyroid lobe. A cervicothoracic computed tomography objectified an abcess of the left lobe of the thyroid fistulising in the hyoid muscles beneath and left piriform sinus with thickening of the hypopharynx and upper esophageal sphincter. The puncture brought a purulent fluid. Panendoscopy revealed the presence of a tumor proliferation of the upper esophageal sphincter. A biopsy with histological examination concluded to a squamous cell carcinoma. This observation indicates that the thyroid abscess may be the mode of discovery of esophageal cancer. Hence the interest to seek an underlying cause in cases of thyroid abscess. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Vulvar cancer has been rarely reported in the literature. In young women, it is most often caused by human papillomavirus (HPV), whereas in postmenopausal women, in whom this cancer is more common, it would be caused by estrogen deficiency. Moreover, HIV infection increases the risk of developing vulvar cancer in HIV-positive women as a consequence of the high prevalence of HPV infection in these subjects. Thus, in patients with suspected vulva lesion, biopsy followed by anatomo-pathological examination should be performed in order to establish the diagnosis. We here report a case of vulvar squamous cell carcinoma in a HIV-1-positive patient with first-line antiretroviral therapy (ARV) failure. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the skin includes many histologic subtypes with varying microscopic features and clinical behaviors. Clear cell SCC belongs to one of the rare histologic variants of this cutaneous malignancy. Herein, two cases are described in a 78-year- old man arising on the cheek and in a 79-year-old woman arising on the neck. In both examples, histology revealed an intraepidermal (in situ) SCC with a predominant clear cell change of malignant keratinocytes. In addition, a typical keratinizing squamous cell component was also present. Clear cell population showed apparent mitotic and proliferative activity. In one patient, it slightly stained with periodic acid-Shiff (PAS) method. Staining with alcian blue was negative in both cases. Knowledge on histomorphology and pathogenesis of this tumor entity is discussed.

Squamous cell carcinoma of the prostate is rare and represents 0.5% to 1% of prostatic carcinomas. Transformation of prostatic adenocarcinoma into squamous cell carcinoma after LH-RH agonist intake has been reported in only 8 cases in the literature. To our knowledge, our case is the second pure squamous cell carcinoma observed after hormonotherapy and radiotherapy. We reported a case of a patient with prostatic adenocarcinoma treated by radical prostatectomy followed by radiotherapy. Eleven years later, he had a vesical recurrence of prostatic adenocarcinoma. Our patient had an endoscopic resection followed by injections of Triptorelin. Six months later, he developed a local recurrence of a squamous cell carcinoma.

Adult-onset Still's disease (AOSD) has been recognized as a cause of fevers of unknown origin. Malignancies are the most important differential diagnoses of AOSD which has been rarely reported in association with cancer. The present paper undertakes the study of a 69-year-old Tunisian woman with AOSD according to the diagnostic criteria of Yamaguchi. She was treated by prednisone, then associated with methotrexate. 18 months later, she developed a squamous cell carcinoma treated with chemotherapy and radiotherapy.

Buruli ulcer is infectious necrotizing panniculitis due to Mycobacterium ulcerans. Buruli ulcer is healed by leaving dystrophic, fibrous and retractile scars. On these scars can occur long-term squamous cell carcinoma. We report the first case of squamous cell carcinoma occurring on healing of Buruli ulcer. A 32-year-old woman with Buruli ulcer who has been cured for about 10 years is seen for ulcero-bulging knee swelling. The examination had revealed a large swelling of about ten centimeters in diameter, ulcero-budding, with an easily bleeding cauliflower appearance. The diagnosis of squamous cell carcinoma being retained without metastasis, resection of the tumor with scarring after one month without chemotherapy. There was no recurrence after six months of decline. The epidemiology of Buruli ulcer, responsible for scarring, explains the young age of our patient and the localization of carcinoma on the limb. The carcinomatous degeneration of scars, especially the scars of old burns, is constantly reported. The characteristics of Buruli ulcer scars, which bring them closer to burn scars, may explain why they are particularly affected by carcinomatous degeneration. One could also mention the chronicity of the wound in this infection, or wonder if the mycobacteria itself could play a role in carcinogenesis. This observation is, in our opinion, an alarm signal. We must fear an outbreak of cases in the years to come. To this end, preventive measures should already be taken by sensitizing the patients for an early consultation before any modification of their scars. After recovery, Buruli ulcer seems to present a risk of long-term evolution to a cancer. The scars of this condition, which could be considered precancerous lesions.

Introduction: lung cancer is the most common cancer in men living Eastern Morocco. We here present the first report on the clinical, pathological and therapeutic features of lung cancer in Eastern Morocco. Methods: we conducted a retrospective study of 738 patients diagnosed with lung cancer at the Hassan II, Oncology Center between October 2005 and December 2014. Results: among the cases studied, 671 patients were men and 67 women; 95.01% of men and 1.54% of women were smokers. The average age of patients was 59.1 ± 11.9 years. Most patients (97%) were diagnosed at advanced stage disease. Only 4 out of 227 patients with advanced adenocarcinoma underwent molecular test. In addition, no patient in our series received targeted therapy. In this series, 20.46% of patients had less than 50 years. Compared to patients aged 50 years and older, cannabis consumption was higher (p<0.001) in patients less than 50 years and as well as a higher rate of adenocarcinoma (p<0.01). By contrast, in these patients, tobacco consumption was lower (p<0.001) as well as the rate of squamous cell carcinoma (p<0.01) and small cell cancer (p<0.05). Conclusion: unlike Western countries, in Eastern Morocco lung cancer is diagnosed late, affects younger people and access to molecular tests is still very limited. These results justify the need to implement effective programs against lung cancer as well as to facilitate access to molecular tests and new therapeutic tools in Eastern Morocco. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: skin cancers are malignant keratinizing tumors of epidermal, melaninic or adnexal origin. These cancers are still little known. However they affect people living in Madagascar where the amount of sunshine remains very high with an impact that varies depending on the skin type. The purpose of our study was to determine the epidemio-clinical profile of skin cancers in Antananarivo. Methods: we conducted a retrospective descriptive study of skin cancers in the Department of Oncology of the Joseph Ravoahangy Andrianavalona Hospital, Antananarivo over a period of seven years. It included patients with tumoral skin lesions confirmed by histological examination. Results: we collected data from 47 cases of skin cancers (male predominance; sex ratio 1.13). The average age of patients was 49.3 years. Farmers were the most affected. The lesions mainly occurred in the head, neck (44%) and lower limbs (42%). Localized skin cancers were detected in 61.7% of cases. Squamous cell carcinoma was the most common skin cancer in Madagascar (37%), followed by the melanoma (21%) and the basal cell carcinoma (11%). Treatment was mainly based on surgery (74.19%). Conclusion: squamous cell carcinoma is the most common cancer in Madagascar, followed by melanoma and basal cell carcinoma. Skin cancers affect mainly the young population and require appropriate management. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: in Senegal, the studies on scalp tumors are almost non-existent. The purpose of our study was to determine the epidemiological and anatomoclinical features of scalp tumors in dermatology. Methods: we conducted a prospective descriptive and analytical study in both Department of Dermatology at Dakar over a period of 16 months (01 March 2014-30 June 2015). Histopathological examination was used to confirm the diagnosis. Results: we collected data from the medical records of 36 patients, of whom 14 had malignant tumors and 22 benign tumors. Sex ratio was 1.1, the average age of patients with malignant tumors was 51 years while the average age of patients with benign tumors was 39 years. Hospitalization rate was 0.18%. The average time of consultation in patients with malignant tumors was 14 months, while in patients with benign tumors was 52 months. In 11 patients with malignant tumors, first treatment was based on traditional therapy. Malignant tumors included: squamous cell carcinoma (n=8), basal-cell carcinoma (n=3), lymphoma, hidradenocarcinoma and Darier-Ferrand dermatofibrosarcoma (one case for each type). Benign tumors included: botriomycoma (n=5), trichilemmal cyst, sebaceous hamartoma, cylindroma and lipoma (2 cases for each type), heloid, syringocystadenoma papilliferum, schwannoma, neurofibroma and nevus (one case for each type). Tumor malignancy was associated to ulcero-budding appearance (p=0.003), diameter >4 cm (p=0.05), pain (p=0.009) and bleeding (p= 0.006). Conclusion: scalp tumors in black people are usually benign. Squamous cell carcinoma is the most common malignant form. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Résumé: La bilharziose est une infection parasitaire encore endémique à Madagascar. La transmission de l'affection est pérennisée par le mode de vie des habitants des pays tropicaux. La localisation génitale est relativement rare, de diagnostic histologique. Il s'agit d'une étude rétrospective et descriptive de bilharziose génitale, observée dans le laboratoire d'anatomie-pathologie de Sampan'Asa Loteriana ho an'ny Fahasalamana et du centre hospitalier universitaire Joseph Ravoahangy Andrianavalona sur une période de six ans, allant de janvier 2010 à décembre 2015. Nous avons colligé 13 cas. L'âge moyen des patientes était de 31,61 ans avec des extrêmes de 4 et 48 ans. La localisation était cervicale (n = 10), tubo-ovarienne (n = 2) et vulvaire (n = 1). Les signes d'appel étaient des métrorragies isolées ou associées à d'autres signes (masse bourgeonnante du col utérin, col induré) pour la localisation cervicale, une suspicion de kyste pour la vulve et une suspicion de masse annexielle pour l'ovaire. À l'histologie, le diagnostic a été posé par la présence d'œufs de Bilharzie dans tous les cas, associée à des granulomes tuberculoïdes (n = 9), des polynucléaires éosinophiles (n = 1) et des cellules géantes (n = 2). Nous avons observé un cas de carcinome épidermoïde développé sur bilharziose cervicale. La bilharziose fait partie des maladies tropicales dites négligées. La transformation maligne est possible. Des métrorragies avec aspect anormal du col utérin ne sont pas synonyme de cancer mais peuvent révéler une lésion inflammatoire spécifique d'où l'importance de l'examen histologique. Schistosomiasis (also known as bilharziosis) is a parasitic infection still endemic in Madagascar. Its transmission is perpetuated by population lifestyles in tropical countries. A genital location is relatively rare; diagnosis is histological. This is a retrospective, descriptive study of genital schistosomiasis observed in the anatomic pathology laboratory of Sampan'asa luteriana ho an'ny fahasalamana and the Joseph Ravoahangy Andrianavalona University Hospital Center over the 6-year period from January 2010 through December 2015. We collected 13 cases. The mean age of the patients was 31.6 years and ranged from 4 to 48 years. Localization was cervical (n = 10), tubo-ovarian (n = 2), and vulvar (n = 1). Clinical signs were isolated bleeding or associated with other signs for cervical localization, suspicion of cyst for the vulva, and suspicion of mass for the ovary. The diagnosis was based on the presence of schistosome eggs in all cases, associated with tuberculoid granulomas (n = 9), eosinophilic polynuclear cells (n = 1), and giant cells (n = 2). We observed one case of squamous cell carcinoma that developed on cervical schistosomiasis. Schistosomiasis is a neglected tropical diseases. Malignant transformation is possible. A cervical hemorrhage is not synonymous with cancer but may reveal a specific inflammatory lesion. Histological examination is necessary for diagnosis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Primary epidermoid carcinoma (PEC) also known as squamous cell carcinoma of the breast is a rare tumor accounting for 0.1% to 2% of all breast cancers. It is a metaplastic carcinoma; its histogenesis and prognosis are controversial as well as its clinical and mammographic appearances which are not characteristic compared to other cancers. PEC is characterized by a rapid evolution and treatment is not codified. The purpose of this study is to report the clinical and evolutionary features of a new case of PEC and to conduct a literature review. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Résumé: Introduction. Une céphalée isolée est un symptôme aspécifique ; il est rare qu'elle traduise une tumeur orbitaire, qu'elle soit primitive ou secondaire. Les cancers primitifs dont elle peut être la manifestation sont plus volontiers digestifs, gynécologiques, urologiques ou pulmonaires. Observation. Nous rapportons l'observation d'une femme de 52 ans, hospitalisée en neurologie, présentant une hémicrânie droite installée rapidement avec exophtalmie, abduction limitée et hypoesthésie du trijumeau V2. Le bilan étiologique révélait une métastase orbitaire droite (biopsie-exérèse neurochirurgicale) d'un carcinome épidermoïde œsophagien. La chimiothérapie permettait, à un an, une autonomie conservée, malgré une cécité droite. Conclusion. À notre connaissance, notre observation est la première description d'une métastase orbitaire révélatrice d'un carcinome épidermoïde œsophagien. La présentation atypique et aspécifique rappelle au clinicien que tout symptôme neurologique survenant durant la cinquième décennie, avec antécédents carcinologique et tabagique, doit faire rechercher une tumeur orbitaire. Le pronostic sombre et l'arsenal thérapeutique limité justifient un bilan exhaustif pour une prise en charge précoce. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A 60-year-old woman with a history of non-insulin-dependent diabetes reported a case of cutaneous swelling in her right cheek. The swelling had been evolving for 18 months while gradually increasing in size. The dermatologic examination revealed an ulcero-budding lesion, measuring 5cm at large diameter, rounded, with an ulcerated center and a fibrinous base. It was voluminous, sitting on the level of the right cheek pushing the right wing of the nose and causing an occlusion on right eyelid, but the ganglionic areas were free. A skin biopsy was carried out and histology indicated that a moderately differentiated squamous cell carcinoma was present. The patient was referred to the plastic surgery department for surgical removal of the tumor. The cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma is an invasive tumor that develops at the expense of epidermal keratinocytes or mucous membranes in oral, anal or genitals. The major risk factor is the solar exposure.

This corrigendum corrects article ''Neglected tumor in a female with albinism'' and its publication references ie The Pan African Medical Journal. 2017;28:195. doi:10.11604/pamj.2017.28.195.14122

A 72-year-old man living in a mountain region presented with a painful giant tumor in the right laterocervical area, which had been observed 2 years previously and had started to grow rapidly over the past 6 months. The patient had a past history of heavy tobacco intake and suffered from arterial hypertension and diabetes mellitus. The physical examination revealed a bulky, exophytic tumor measuring 20 cm in length across the major axis, with a large ulcerated area, which bled easily and multiple fistulae discharged a malodorous secretion. The adjacent dermis was also infiltrated over several centimeters beyond the visible borders of the lesion. A biopsy of the tumor was performed. Histopathological examination revealed a well-differentiated squamous cell carcinoma. The computed tomography (CT) scan showed a heterogeneous mass in the right lateral region of the neck with irregular contours, a necrotic center and an infiltration of the internal jugular vein. The tumor appeared to adhere to the sternocleidomastoid muscle, the paralaryngeal soft tissues, the submandibular region, the parapharyngeal space and the parotid. No local adenopathy or distant metastatic disease was noted. The tumor was considered unresectable. The patient had an ECOG performance status rating of 2 and a normal renal function. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy with cisplatin and 5-fluorouracil was initiated. After the third cycle, the CT scan showed a progression of disease with increased-neck-mass size and appearance of pulmonary metastases. The general condition of the patient did not allow second-line chemotherapy and he died 1 month later.

In this paper, we report a case of primary squamous cell carcinoma of the endometrium (PSCCE) with a literature review. A 64-year-old woman, was admitted because postmenopausal bleeding. The gynecological exam found bleeding from the endocervix. The pelvic ultrasound objectified uterine regular contours, endometrial thickened was 10 mm, the presence of an intra cavitary lesion mesuring 56/70 mm. The diagnostic hysteroscopy revealed a whitish appearance taking all the uterine cavity making evoke a tumor of the endometrium. Pelvic MRI showed a tumor limited to the uterine corpus endometrium (invasion by more than 50% of the myometrium) without invasion of the cervix. Radical hysterectomy, bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy, and lymph nodes dissection were performed. Grossly, the endometrial carcinoma was polypoid tumor occupying the entire uterine cavity. Histologically, the diagnosis of SCC was retained. No adenocarcinoma element was recognized. Neither squamous metaplasia nor dysplasia was recognized. No ectopic cervical tissue was found. The SCC was found to invade into deeper one half of the myometrium. No tumor cells were seen in other sites including the cervix, ovaries, parametres, and lymph nodes. The patients was FIGO 2009 stage IB (pT1B, N0), and was treated with adjuvant radiation. The patient had a disease progression in the pelvis 3 months after the irradiation. We reported a case of PSCCE which can help to enrich the literature for the treatment and prognosis of this disease.

Despite an increase in life expectancy and quality of life for patients suffering from severe forms of hereditary epidermolysis bullosa, the occurrence of one or more cutaneous squamous cell carcinomas remains a sometimes serious complication, sometimes life-threatening as early as adolescence. These carcinomas occur preferably on chronic wounds or dystrophic scars in areas not exposed to the sun, and are generally multifocal and recurrent. Their clinical and histological diagnosis is difficult. Regular medical and paramedical monitoring of the skin during dressing repairs enables early detection and rapid, curative surgical management. The pathophysiology of these cutaneous carcinomas is the subject of research aimed at proposing non-surgical alternatives to the patients concerned., (Copyright © 2023 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.)

We here report a rare case of squamous cells carcinoma of the renal pelvis with abdominal wall skin invasion in a patient with a history of recurrent upper urinary tract infections due to kidney stones. A right lumbar skin lesion was the reason for consultation. Uroscanner showed right renal mass extended to the adjacent soft tissues. Biopsy showed squamous cell carcinoma of the renal pelvis. After having conducted a literature review we can say that this is the first case of squamous cell carcinoma of the renal pelvis detected due to skin invasion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Penile cancer is a rare pathology in Tunisia where circumcision is a common practice. Squamous cell carcinoma accounts for 95% of cases. Treatment is essentially based on surgery. We conducted a retrospective study in order to highlight the epidemiological, clinical, therapeutic features as well as the evolutionary characteristics of 11 cases with primary penile cancer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Squamous cell carcinoma arising from a mature teratoma of the ovary is rare. Diagnosis is usually made after surgery, although some elements allow presumption, including patient age, tumor size and tumor marker dosage. Treatment is a big challenge because of the rarity and aggressiveness of this entity of ovarian cancer. We report the case of a 50-year-old woman with squamous cell carcinoma arising from a mature teratoma of the right ovary. Through this observation, we review the various clinical, radiological, pathological, therapeutic and prognostic aspects of this rare form of ovarian cancer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Kerathoacanthoma (KA) and Squamous cell carcinomas (SCC) are entities that often have been difficult to differentiate. Current thought establishes that Kerathoacanthoma behave similarly to a low-grade squamous cell tumors. We present a case of an 80 year old female which history of present illness as well as clinical impression mimics Kerathocacnathoma (KA), but on histopathological examination resulted in Squamous Cell Carcinoma (SCC). We posit the use of novel histopathological and cytological advances, such as TGF-β sequencing and TGF-Alpha staining in assessing the specimen. Subtle differences should guide treatment for patients that need further resection and that might have orbital involvement.

Xeroderma pigmentosum (XP) is a rare, progressive, degenerative, autosomal recessive genodermatosis. Keratoacanthoma (KA) is a rapidly growing skin tumor, occurring primarily in older men. XP associated with KA has been infrequently reported. Here, We report a rare case of KA of the nose associated with XP in an 8-year-old Yemeni child. A KA in child should suggest consideration of XP. Early medical follow up can prevent developing, and help to diagnose tumors at a curable stage before they spread out.

Primary squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the kidney is a very rare clinical entity. Only a few cases have been reported in world literature. Here we report a case with renal SCC. The patient presented with flank pain, fever and vomiting. In ultrasonography, renal mass was detected and after nephrectomy followed by histopathological examination, it was diagnosed as SCC. It was associated with renal calculi and hydronephrosis. The lack of characteristic presentation like hematuria, pain and palpable mass causes delay in diagnosis results in locally advanced or metastatic disease at presentation.

A 48-year-old female with albinism presented to emergency department with a complaint of a three-day history of nausea and vomiting, accompanied by fever and general weakness. She had a towel wrapped around her left arm and said it was to cover a wound that was growing in size in the last two years. On physical examination, vegetating and exophytic ulcerous tumor on the lateral side of the left arm was observed; there was granulation tissue on all surfaces, release of fluid with pustules and hemorrhagic points. She had a pulse rate of 125/min, blood pressure of 136/78 mmHg, temperature of 38.5 C, (101.3 F) and respiratory rate of 16/min. Laboratory testing was remarkable for elevated white blood cells at 18,230/mm3 with left shift and C-reactive protein of 85.4 mg/dl; chest radiography and urine analysis were normal. Biopsy was performed, the diagnosis of giant cutaneous basosquamous cell carcinoma was made and she was referred to oncology department, but her follow-up was lost because she was not found.

Laryngeal cancer metastases are relatively rare and mainly affect the lung. The medullary localization remains exceptional. We report the case of a patient followed for operated laryngeal cancer and whose oncologic control revealed a medullary localization. A patient followed for squamous cell carcinoma of the larynx, treated in 2010 by a partial surgery whose endoscopic control at 5 years revealed the presence of right arytenoid edema without suspicious lesions, multiple biopsies were made and which returned negative. A month later, the patient presented a rebel cervical spine pain and a feeling of heaviness of the upper limbs, for which a radiological assessment was done finally objectifying a right hypopharyngeal process and a suspicious right internal jugular lymphadenopathy (biopsy confirmed the squamous type), as well as an intramedullary metastasis. This case is an illustration of an exceptional evolution of this type of cancer and a are metastatic localization difficult to highlight, which leads us to ask the question on the need of simultaneous and systematic radiological and endoscopic control treatment for operated laryngeal cancer.

Epithelioma cuniculatum is a rare, well-differentiated variant of verrucous carcinoma, arising almost exclusively on foot, with a minimal incidence of metastasis. Clinically, it presents as a non-verrucous, slow growing, exophytic plaque or tumor of the plantar region with a penetration in the deep tissues. Histological examination shows a proliferation of well-differentiated keratinocytes. Conservative treatment and local excision have been utilized, but high recurrence rates have been observed. We report a case of epithelioma cuniculatum arising on the plantar aspect of foot in a 60-year old male, which arose at the site of a preexisting wart, which was managed by surgical excision.

Seborrhoeic keratoses (SKs)are common skin lesions that occur with increasing age. Usually they have a benign course but varying degrees of squamous atypia have been seen. Bowenoid transformation of benign SKs into squamous cell carcinoma in situ has been documented but the development of basal or squamous cell carcinoma in a seborrhoeic keratosis is rare. Herein, we report a case of squamous cell carcinoma arising over a long-standing seborrhoeic keratosis in 70-year old male, which was managed with a wide surgical resection.

The soft and palate prosthesis is one therapeutic solutions increasingly used for any loss of velar and palatal postsurgical substances. The realization of such rehabilitation requires great skill on the part of the practitioner and should be performed as part of a multidisciplinary team including surgeons, speech therapist, psychologist and specialist in maxillofacial prosthesis. Through a clinical case supported at the Consultation Center and Dental Treatments of Rabat, the authors make it possible to review the different clinical stages and laboratories for making a soft and hard palate prosthesis in a toothless total irradiated patient. Velar and palatal defects truly alter oropharyngeal functions, namely breathing, swallowing and phonation especially; the specialist in maxillofacial prosthesis should put all its vigilance to restore up these functions. The patient has supported several difficulties for such a rehabilitation. In addition to the defect that affects the soft and the hard palate, the patient presents a complete tooth loss, complications of post - radiotherapy including xerostomia and the high sensitivity of para prosthetic structures and excessive limitation of mouth opening after to the post-surgical healing. This field certainly difficult, is treated as an overall concept, taking into consideration all these obstacles with very specific techniques to achieve the desired results on the aesthetic and functional terms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]