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This article offers a non-historicist view of the mythical Galician repertoire around the symbol of the "container", whose traditional elementary mythemes (shell, stone vessel and cup) are connected to the legend of Saint James, through which they are still synthesized, condensed and reinforced. It is, therefore, an exercise in hermeneutical analysis, "the detection of a (mythical) level that is less explicit, less apparent and diffusedly unconscious; therefore, more tenacious" (Durand). The final aim of the study is to better understand the symbolic genealogy of the Galician imaginary and, moreover, the construction of our ipso-image. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In oncology, genome-wide testing is a major element in facilitating the implementation of precision medicine. However, current recommendations do not always specify the indication and utility of these tests according to the type of cancer. A national consensus approach based on a modified Delphi methodology was set up to provide expert opinion on the use of genome-wide testing in clinical practice in France. Four groups of experts - 4 each representing the following topics of interest - were defined: non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), breast cancer, melanoma, and cancer of unknown primary (CUP). In each group, assertions were formulated by a lead expert (8, 5, 7 and 6, respectively) and rated by five panellists involved in the management of these cancers, on a scale from 1 (strongly disagree) to 9 (strongly agree). Consensus was reached when 75% of the scores were above 7. In case of disagreement, the panellists were asked to justify their rate. In total, 24 statements reached consensus after two to four rounds of rating, depending on the group. While the experts advocated the routine use of genome-wide testing in the diagnostic management of NSCLC and CUP, they did not recommend the systematisation of these tests for breast cancer and melanoma. Nevertheless, access to innovation in France could soon remove certain barriers and allow greater standardisation of broad molecular screening in oncology., (Copyright © 2023 Société Française du Cancer. Published by Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.)

Copyright of Studia Universitatis Babes-Bolyai, Historia is the property of Babes-Bolyai University, Cluj-Napoca, Romania and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Chemotherapy is the backbone of treatment for patients with CUP. Most patients with unknown primary adenocarcinoma or poorly differentiated carcinoma do not conform to any previously defined “treatable” or favourable subset. To our knowledge, no randomized trial comparing chemotherapy vs best supportive care has been conducted in CUP to date. Nevertheless, patients with CUP can now attain substantial clinical benefit and prolongation of survival from the new cytotoxic drug combinations. The standard therapy for patients with CUP is a combination of platinum with a recently developed cytotoxic agent (gemcitabine, taxane, irinotecan), and the median overall survival is eight months. Future strategies could be based on the use of molecular identification of primary and identification of new biological targets, and integrate chemotherapy and molecular targeted therapies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Carcinoma of unknown primary (CUP) site refers to a metastatic malignant epithelial tumour. Lymph nodes are the most frequently encountered sites, followed by the liver, bones, lungs and brain. CUP is considered a heterogeneous entity owing to the variety of its histopathological types and sites. However, the primary site remains unknown in more than 25% of patients. Immunohistochemistry is necessary to the diagnostic accuracy with regard to the challenge constituted by therapy in CUP. Thus, differential diagnosis with primary carcinomas and other types of tumors (lymphoma, germ cell tumor, melanoma, sarcoma...) is of major importance. Specific strategies for particular histopathological types are proposed in two algorithms for undifferentiated malignant tumour, undifferentiated carcinoma or adenocarcinoma (adenocarcinomas account for more than 50% of CUP) and squamous cell carcinoma. Strategies depend also on the anatomic localization. Several new antibodies are available for immunohistochemistry when considering targeted treatments. Immunohistochemistry is a cost-effective tool that provides valuable clues in CUP. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Carcinoma of unknown primary (CUP) origin is a quite heterogeneous entity with a poor prognosis. It accounts for about 5% of all neoplasms. CUP is defined as a histologically confirmed diagnosis of malignancy in patients with unremarkable medical history, normal physical examination and routine blood tests, and normal computed tomography. Among CUPs, several subsets have been identified as likely to be associated with a better life expectancy after specific treatment. About 15% of CUPs correspond to those specific subtypes: metastatic disease of lymph nodes such as nodal midline distribution, isolated metastases to axillary nodes, cervical involvement with squamous histology or inguinal nodal involvement; peritoneal papillary serous carcinomatosis in women; metastatic neuroendocrine carcinoma; osteoblastic bone metastases with elevated PSA in men; a single metastatic site. Thus, ruling out the primary and recognizing one of these subsets appear necessary in the management of patients with CUP tumours. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Carcinomas of unknown primary site constitute a group of very heterogeneous presentations. In patients presenting with a metastatic disease the diagnostic assessment is difficult. It includes necessarily investigations adjusted to the clinical presentation, histopathology, age, gender, and the results of imaging examinations aimed at searching a primary site and identifying the clinicopathological entities that require specific treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: Objectives: The variable frontal geometry of the carpus has been known for many years, however there is no unanimity as to whether to describe the dynamic model of the carpus as comprising row or columnar functional units. The place of the scaphoid is also discussed. This study attempts to understand the organization and the composition of the functional units of the carpus. Methods: We took radiographs of 40 normal right wrists in radial and ulnar deviation and measured the displacement in the coronal plane of each carpal bone except the pisiform. We measured the angular movements of each carpal bone compared to a vertical axis passing through the geometric centre of the carpus. This axis is parallel to the radial axis which is defined as the line joining the midpoints of the radius at 2 and 5cm proximal to the radial articular surface. We studied the movement of each row and each column. Results: Recorded angular movements were the followings: scaphoid 26°, lunate 28°, triquetrum 29°, trapezium 44°, trapezoid 50°, capitate 50°, hamate 56°. Average angular movement within the first row is 27°, within the second row is 50°. Average angular movement within the radial column is 38°, middle column is 39°, ulnar column is 42°. Conclusions: The amplitude of movement are similar for the bones of each row, and different for the bones of each column. The bones of each row tend to move together and can alone account for all movements of the wrist. The movements measured between each column are torsional intrarow movements, allowing congruence between the two rows and the glenoid surface of the radius. The scaphoid movements are superposable with those of lunate and triquetrum. Scaphoid kinematics joins the first row. Radio-ulnar deviation of the wrist is shared equally between the radiocarpal and midcarpal joints. This sharing of wrist movement between the two rows constitutes for us a double cup carpal model. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Copyright of Orthopédie Traumatologie is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of International Orthopaedics is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)