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Profesyonel sermaye, gerek eğitim yönetiminde gerekse diğer disiplinlerde yeni bir kavram olarak karşımıza çıkmaktadır. Bu alanyazın taramasının amacı, başta eğitim yönetimi olmak üzere eğitim bilimlerinde profesyonel sermaye konulu çalışmaları incelemektir. Araştırmada doküman incelemesi kullanılmıştır. Profesyonel sermayeyi ele alan çalışmaların kavrama yüklediği anlam ve kavramın boyutları tartışıldıktan sonra; söz konusu çalışmaların amaç, yöntem, evren, örneklem, bulgu ve sonuçlarına odaklanılmıştır. Kısa bir geçmişe sahip profesyonel sermaye kavramının gelişim seyrini gözlemleyebilmek amacıyla ele alınan çalışmaların kronolojik olarak incelenmesi tercih edilmiştir. Hargreaves ve Fullan’a ait (2012) Professional capital: transforming teaching in every school adlı eserin yayımlanmasıyla birlikte profesyonel sermaye kavramı yeni bir boyut ve anlam kazanmıştır. Bu dönemden sonra profesyonel sermaye kavramı; beşeri sermaye, sosyal sermaye ve karar verme sermayesinin bileşkesi anlamında kullanılmaya başlamış ve eğitim yönetimi alanında profesyonel sermaye teorik çerçevesiyle ilişkili çalışmalar artmıştır. Bununla birlikte araştırmaların çoğunun birkaç ülkeyle sınırlı olması, kavramın ve çalışma sahasının henüz yeterince küreselleşmediğini göstermektedir. Türkçe literatürde de konuyla ilgili çok sınırlı sayıda çalışma bulunmaktadır. Bu nedenle, göreli olarak yeni bir kavram olan profesyonel sermaye ile ilgili araştırmaların derlendiği ve kısaca özetlendiği bu çalışmanın, genel olarak eğitim ve özel olarak ise eğitim yönetimi alanındaki araştırmacılar için, kavramın daha derinlemesine incelenmesi ve geliştirilmesi açısından önemli olduğu ifade edilebilir.

Günümüzde kırsal alanlarda kalkınmanın sağlanabilmesinde yalnızca ekonomik yatırımlar yeterli olmamakta, sermayenin farklı boyutlarının da üzerinde durulması gerekmektedir. Bu çalışmada kırsal kalkınma, sosyal boyutuyla incelenmiş; sermaye beşeri ve sosyal sermaye yönüyle ölçülmüş ve değerlendirilmiştir. Bu kapsamda Aydın ilinde üç ilçeden seçilen 96 çiftçiyle yüz yüze anket yapılmıştır. Elde edilen verilerin analizinde betimsel istatistiki yöntemler kullanılmış; sosyal sermaye ve beşeri sermaye unsurları ki-kare analiziyle değerlendirilmiştir. Yaş, tarımsal deneyim, eğitim gibi faktörlerin sosyal sermaye düzeyine etkisi varyans analiziyle araştırılmıştır. Analiz sonuçlarına göre yaş, ilçe ve hane nüfusu ile sosyal sermaye arasında anlamlı farklılık oluşmamış ancak, eğitim ve tarımsal deneyim ile sosyal sermaye arasında anlamlı ilişkiler bulgulanmıştır.

This article investigates the role in practice of social capital in the success and perennity of European rural development projects, taking three Walloon LEADER projects as case studies. In the context of rural areas, that carry innate characteristics – proximity, sense of community – social capital is expected to play an important role in the success or failure of development projects. Yet, in theory, social capital is mentioned by the European Commission only when referring to outputs of the approach, never as an input. By investigating three LEADER projects that were developed between 2007 and 2013 in Wallonia through qualitative analysis, from the conception of the Local Development Strategy to the current situation of projects – more than 5 years after the end of funding – we confirmed the significance of trust as a lever for development, highlighted the importance of human capital and discussed the relevance of project time-scales.

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Despite the unquestionable importance of financial markets in the economy, the factors promoting financial development have just recently begun to be researched intensively. In this context, the aim of the study is to explain the reasons for the financial development gaps among provinces in Turkey on the basis of capital accumulations. According to the results of the spatial panel data model estimates based on indices of 81 provinces in Turkey for the period 2005-2009, it was found that the level of social capital best explained the level of financial development, followed by physical capital and human capital. Additionally, it was found that capital accumulations contributed above average not only to the financial development of that province, but also to that of the surrounding provinces.

Copyright of Vie et Sciences de l'Entreprise is the property of ANDESE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Having as starting point a research field within the Romanian immigrant community from Graz, this paper assumes two ambitious objectives. Firstly, the article highlights some of the features of Romanian migration to Austria, an under-researched country of destination. Secondly, the paper attempts to supply a brief introduction into a very broad topic, namely the relationship between migration and entrepreneurship. Here we also attempt an understanding of how individuals’ experience of international migration affects their propensity to entrepreneurial behaviors. The concept of entrepreneurship follows the lines described by Austrian economics which allows for a deeper insight into the individuals subjective perspectives on stimulating and inhibiting factors for entrepreneurship.

A broad agreement exists among academics, professionals and politicians that tourism is an effective instrument for social and economic development. However, there is no specific theoretical or practical framework of tourism for development to be found. Even the key questions have remained unformulated: (i) what does the concept of development entail? (ii) which are tourism’s contributions to such development?, and (iii) what types of tourism policy and governance are congruent with the intended tourism for development? This article preliminarily analyzes and answers these key questions. It first summarizes the development paradigms held in the last decades (modernization, neo-liberalism, dependency and sustainability) and goes on to consider the new proposals emanating from the New Institutional Economics and the Theory of Social Capital. In this context, the key elements of a “tourism for development policy and governance” are examined. Finally, the results of a 2011 enquiry, involving some 60 experts from 15 countries, on development vis-à-vis tourism are presented.

This article’s main objective was to present a model for measuring research capacity from an intellectual capital-based approach for Colombian higher education institutions (Instituciones de Educación Superior – IES), forming part of the national science and technology system, in the sense that around 90% of Colombian research groups belong to it. The model should lead to identifying IES capacity and competence and to strengthening these institutions’ management ability with the aim of obtaining input facilitating designing and formulating science, technology and innovation policy. Likewise, it should contribute towards strengthening IES relationships within national and international public and private settings.

The paper presents the research which examines and endeavors to account for variation in the economic attainments of immigrants to the United States from Latin America, through the use of Hierarchical Linear Modeling. When analyzing this variation, researchers typically choose between two competing explanations. Human capital theory contends that variation in economic attainment is a product of different characteristics of individuals. Social capital theory contends that variation in economic attainment is a product of differences in characteristics of the societies from which the workers come. The author's central thesis is that we need not choose between human and social capital theories, that we can rely on both theoretical approaches, that it is an empirical and not a theoretical question how much variation can be explained by one set of factors versus the other. The real problem then is to build an appropriate methodology that allows us to partition the variation in economic attainments, identifying how much is explained by individual and how much by group characteristics. Using a multi-level modeling technique, this research presents such a methodology.

This paper examines from a historical perspective the meaning and the construction of the prisoner rehabilitation concept. In doing that the penal and the executional law is taken into consideration from the very beginning of 1874 onwards. Although the theoretical understanding of the rehabilitation concept is rather modern - a synergy between development of social and human capital with the expansion of the prosocial opportunities - it is surprising to notice that those three elements can be traced in each and every law of penal execution in Romania. Further more it seems that the law of 1874 has more elements of prisoner rehabilitation especially in terms of developing legitimate opportunities after release than the current law in place (Law no. 275/2006 on penal execution).

Copyright of Recherches Sociographiques is the property of Recherches Sociographiques and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Research on the factors influencing exit from welfare or social assistance has usually focussed on beneficiaries "human capital" deficits. The results of the research presented here are founded on the hypothesis that, for long-term welfare recipients, it is rather social capital that plays the determining role in their exit from welfare. Social capital is defined as the resources that are potentially accessible through participation in social networks. The hypothesis is tested by reconstructing the social networks of 216 randomly chosen long-term welfare recipients and ex-long-term-beneficiaries, and by examining their network characteristics in relation to their probability of having exited welfare. The analyses show that, for this sample, social capital constitutes the most significant resource for predicting welfare exit, even when controlling for the effect of human capital and both socio-demographic and situational characteristics of the subjects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Este artigo explora a temática da empregabilidade individual no contexto atual de flexibilidade organizacional, procurando ampliar a discussão sobre o assunto, centrada na teoria do capital humano. Tal ampliação se faz necessária pela complexidade e multicausalidade do fenômeno em questão. Assim, esta análise propõe um modelo explicativo da empregabilidade individual, baseada em profunda revisão bibliográfica, buscando um melhor entendimento sobre o que determina o acesso ao emprego. O modelo é concebido com base em três abordagens: na teoria do capital humano, na teoria do capital cultural e na teoria do capital social. São apresentadas também sugestões para a operacionalização das variáveis, tornando o modelo plenamente aplicável. Obviamente, a proposição do modelo não esgota as investigações sobre o tema. Trata-se de um esforço para conhecer melhor as linhas gerais do fenômeno. A discussão teórica permitiu ver que o mercado de trabalho deve ser estudado como algo inserido em um contexto social, no qual variáveis nãomeritocráticas, como aquelas ligadas ao capital cultural e social de um indivíduo, são valorizadas. Tal conclusão pode reorientar as políticas públicas direcionadas ao mercado de trabalho, assim como as políticas de recursos humanos adotadas pelas organizações.