Search

Abstract: The paper intends to show that the Rise from Despair to Hope in Shakespeare’s Hamlet emerges as a significant societal transformation of Elizabethan land. The paper maintains that this social change reflects the upward movement of the Elizabethan society engaged on the way to familial and brotherhood reconstruction. This shift represents a new direction and by the way, constitutes a rewarding phase for Shakespeare because it celebrates the break with the past. By a sociocritical analysis, the paper also accesses the Elizabethan social shift with a ray of expectations since a new Elsinore is born from the ashes of the chaotic situation in which Claudius is the lead-promoter. Keywords: fratricide, brotherhood, reconstruction, despair, hope.

Abstract: Ibrahim Al-Koni is celebrated for his vivid depiction of the desert and its diverse inhabitants—humans, animals, and even flora—within a unified and innovative narrative framework. His literary works reveal the mysterious world of the Tuareg, delving into their psychological landscape and life philosophy, and examining a mindset nearly erased from our collective human consciousness. Al-Koni skillfully interlaces factual accounts with mythological elements, offering a reflection on human nature that is both deep and universally applicable. Al-Koni’s narratives, with their distinct focus on the desert and its fundamental life rituals, brilliantly expand these themes to address broader aspects of human culture, prompting critical questions about humanity’s relationship with the cosmos and nature. His creations provide a window into a critical segment of history and a cultural memory on the verge of fading. In Al-Koni's portrayal, desert inhabitants resist a sedentary existence, confronting the desert's inhospitable forces—a stark contrast to life—in pursuit of a freedom that resonates with their existential beliefs. The desert, with its severe austerity, exposes the essence of entities and tests the human soul against fate. This clash with the harsh desert landscape forces a profound reevaluation of existence from a uniquely different perspective. This paper seeks to clarify this perspective on life and existence as experienced by desert inhabitants, especially emphasizing the pivotal role of animals. These creatures exceed their functional roles, becoming companions and sources of inspiration. This analysis, centered on Al-Koni’s "The Bleeding of the Stone" and "Gold Dust," explores the depth of his engagement with and reverence for desert life despite its brutality. It investigates: How does Al-Koni depict the extraordinary symbiosis between humans and animals, particularly through the dappled Mahri camel and the Barbary sheep? Furthermore, how does he utilize the element of the sublime in his narratives, drawing from mythological constructs to shape the narrative structure? Keywords: Novel, Desert, Myths, Traditions, Human

Abstract: In higher education, fostering critical reading strategies across cultural literary contexts presents a formidable challenge. As educational paradigms shift towards interdisciplinary approaches, educators must grapple with the complex interplay of diverse cultural perspectives within the realm of literary analysis. This paper explores the significance of interdisciplinary perspectives in teaching critical reading skills, particularly in navigating the rich tapestry of cultural literary contexts. Drawing upon insights from various disciplines such as literature, cultural studies, and education, it examines strategies for effectively integrating diverse texts and methodologies into the curriculum. Furthermore, it addresses the challenges inherent in engaging students with interdisciplinary teaching strategies and offers recommendations for enhancing pedagogical practices. By embracing interdisciplinary approaches, educators can cultivate a more nuanced understanding of literature across cultural boundaries and empower students to critically engage with texts in an increasingly globalized world. Keywords: Fostering, literature, critical, reading, strategies

The paper describes the processes of consolidation and reconsolidation of auditory-verbal memory in patients diagnosed with Parkinson’s disease (G20, ICD-10) in comparison with cerebrovascular pathologies of a chronic and acute nature. The research objective was to identify the specifics of consolidation and reconsolidation of auditory-verbal memory in patients of this nosological group. The methods involved an experiment in F. Bartlett’s schema reconstruction, as well as methods of descriptive and comparative statistics. The experiment involved 104 people (67.5 ± 4.5, 21% male), including 30 patients with Parkinson’s disease (G20) (67.8 ± 4.8, 24% male), 34 patients diagnosed with sequelae of cerebral infarction (I69.3) (67.4 ± 4.4, 20% male), and 40 patients with other specified lesions of cerebral vessels on a model of chronic cerebral ischemia (CICI) (I67.8 67.6 ± 4.4, 24% male). All codes were indicated in accordance with ICD-10. The research revealed reliably significant features of consolidation and reconsolidation of auditoryverbal memory in Parkinson’s disease. The greatest number of differences belonged to the comparative analysis with the patients with chronic cerebral ischemia. This nosology was characterized by a greater number of distortion errors but few additions and sequence violations. In Parkinson’s disease, information underwent transformations already at the storing stage, which led to impairment of short-term and long-term memory. Distortion errors were more numerous than consistency errors, which casts doubt on the kinetic factor as the key one.

A highly intellectual environment involves intense mental activity, rapid acquisition of new material, creativity, competition, and rivalry. All these aspects may cause a long-time neuropsychic stress. Students of leading technical universities need to be able to overcome such difficult situations. The authors reviewed theoretical approaches to emotional intelligence. They designed a psychological model of scientific and technical elite of modern Russia. The model included emotional-volitional, demand-motivational, value-meaning, socio-psychological, and cognitive-activity components. This paper focuses on the empirical study and confirmation of the emotionalvolitional component in potential engineering, scientific, and technical elite, i.e., junior students of Russia’s leading technical universities. The research revealed some psycho-logical peculiarities in their emotional intelligence and coping-strategies. The sample consisted of first-year engineering and technical students of the National Research Nuclear University MEPHI (n = 111). The psychodiagnostic tools included the coping test developed by R. Lazarus and S. Folkman and adapted by T. L. Kryukova, E. V. Kuftyak, and M. S. Zamyshlyaeva; D. V. Lyusin’s test of emotional intelligence. The data analysis relied on IBM SPSS Statistics V.22.0 and the Kruskal-Wallis H-test method of mathematical statistics. The students proved able to consciously analyze difficult situations, work out solutions, plan and predict the outcomes of their behavior, as well as to resort to past experience and available resources. In general, these overcoming models had a constructive effect on the development of an engineer’s personality. However, the underdevelopment of the emotional sphere and poor expression of feelings affected interpersonal and intragroup relationships. Students of nuclear engineering should develop their emotional sphere and expand the range of coping strategies in stressful situations.

The paper studies the way younger and older adolescents with intellectual disabilities perceive their personal security. The research data were collected by formalized interview, subjective scaling techniques, analysis of personal files, observation diaries, etc. The obtained information was processed using the methods of content and frequency analyses, the Mann-Whitney U test, the Spearman’s rank correlation, and the chi-square distribution. The perception of personal security included such concepts as threat, defense, security, and subjective personal security. The study revealed significant differences between younger and older adolescents in their perception of danger, threat, defense, security, and responsibility for personal security. Children with intellectual disabilities developed ideas about personal security in adolescence, their perception of threat and defense depended on life experience and socialization. Their categorical structure corresponded to the norm but was inferior in terms of generalization and cognitive complexity. They separated threat and defense from security, which they associated with safety rules. The results could be included in programs of corrective psychological and pedagogical support.

Abstract: This paper examines the portrayal of trauma and collective memory in The Baghdad Eucharist, a remarkable novel set in Iraq. It argues that our memory often repeats itself when we fail to grasp its true significance. The aftermath of the postwar period in Iraq, particularly after 2003, was characterized by profound psychological traumas experienced both individually and collectively. Youssef and Maha, the main characters, bear the psychological scars of a tragic event deeply rooted in the sensitive aspects of Iraq's history and culture. In his novel, Sinan Antoon focuses on depicting Iraq's transformation and the invasion of sectarian war that engulfs the nation. In The Baghdad Eucharist, he chooses to write about the 2010 bombing of a church, a devastating incident resulting in numerous deaths. Drawing from the theory of trauma, this paper analyzes the presentation of trauma through the lens of Youssef and Maha, two characters profoundly affected by the traumatic memory. Youssef and Maha's experiences reflect the enduring impact of the witnessed event. The paper seeks to unravel the intricate dynamics of collective memory following significant historical events by exploring their psychological wounds and the subsequent manifestations of trauma. By examining the complexities of trauma and collective memory, this analysis of The Baghdad Eucharist contributes to a deeper understanding of the lasting consequences of war and violence on individuals and societies. It sheds light on the interplay between personal trauma and the broader cultural and historical contexts. Ultimately, this paper underscores the significance of acknowledging and comprehending traumatic experiences, as they shape our collective memory and influence our perception of the world. Keywords: The Baghdad Eucharist, Sinan Antoon, Iraq Trauma, Sectarian war, Arab American Literature, violence.

Abstract: This present paper discusses the necessity for English language teachers in Algeria to be aware of the social and cultural aspects that influence the use of English in Algeria. This idea of awareness-raising is believed to help both language teachers and learners alike to be attained by stressing the contribution of sociolinguistics in language elaboration programs beyond determining what kind of language is appropriate in interpersonal interactions to recognizing language as a social institution that influences attitudes and behaviors. Sociolinguistic profiles should be, therefore, conceived as a Socio-cultural framework for distinguishing characteristics of English users and users in the Algerian context. This kind of framework is used to support pragmatically EFL teacher education. Keywords: Algeria, ELT, foreign language education, sociolinguistics.

Abstract: Thanks to stylistics and narratology, this paper examines the aesthetics of jazz music in Jazz before shedding light on the function of this musical genre in Toni Morrison’s novel. From Jazz stylistic devices that invade the novel, the paper sets a parallel between Jazz, the literary text and Jazz, the musical genre. It also shows the role of Jazz music in the lives of the characters by analyzing it as a racial therapy that enables Blacks to heal their American racial disease, which is racism. Jazz music not only enables oppressed characters to protest, resist and transcend their racial oppression, but it also helps them to construct and assert their African American identity. From the similarity between the novel and the musical genre in terms of aesthetics and philosophy, the paper concludes that Morrison’s text can be read and listened to as well as jazz music. Keywords: aesthetics, identity, jazz music, oppression, race.

Abstract: Among the diverse literary dramatic forms, the theatre of the absurd inhabits and characterizes the intellectual European literature since the fifteenth century, starting from Erasmus of Rotterdam’s Praise of Madness (1511). Then, it was the threshold of a period when man trusts his reason more and more to know himself and to know the world, as well as to justify his faith; ironically, a room for the absurd was made, to defuse all tranquil certainties and dogmatisms founded on the logic of appearances. The concept of absurdism judiciously flourished and made an eminent association with abstract symbolism, which starting from the 19th century, takes the form of decadentist - aestheticized despair of an ending world - but then finds its truth in the search for a reality which favors interior sensation, the subjective, the unconscious, ephemeral, and the dream. This paper, then, will try to show how both absurdism and symbolism phenomena are founded and involved in the writing of tragedians namely Edward Albee in “who’s Afraid of Virginia Wolf?” the American classic. This genre of plays leaves the audience systematically confused as it echoes on the one hand the absurdity of family society life in all of its banality and darkness and denial of reality. On the other hand, it symbolizes the conflict between reality and illusion. Here, we see the combination of an absurd current and a symbolic / realist one as a species specific postmodern drama. The first is marked by the absurd eccentricity of characters Martha & George. The second takes the integrated symbolic form juxtaposed to realism by revolting against the absurd. Keywords: the absurd, abstract symbolism, realism, illusion, family life.

Abstract: Algeria's public sector has seen a big change. It's gone digital. Now, for different sectors, there are apps and online portals. These tools make it easy to get documents you need. It is simpler to follow official procedures. Better public services in education, job training, and healthcare. This write-up also explores how to tackle social and economic problems. This is done with ideas that boost job creation, investment, tax gathering, and money management. Such methods have hurried along the shift in public utilities. It has also quickened the change from paper to digital in official processes. Keywords: E-Digitization, Effectiveness, Public Service, Algerian Administration

Abstract: This paper explores the multifaceted aspects of digital communication, emphasizing its evolution from analog to digital realms. It delves into the definition, factors shaping digital communication, its constituents, tiers, and advantages. The discussion extends to the roles digital communication plays in various domains such as social interaction, media, and advertising. The paper synthesizes key research findings and theories to provide a holistic view of digital communication's impact on contemporary society, highlighting its advantages over traditional communication methods and its role in bridging cultural and geographical divides. Keywords: Virtual Currency, Digital Money, Media and Communication, Cybersecurity.

Abstract: Native Americans also widely called American Indians are the aboriginals of the whole continent of America. Unlike other minority groups living in the United States of America (USA), they have experienced every phase of European settlements, from the 14th century to the present. Proud of their rich diverse cultures, most Native Americans used to live in tepees, specific conical tents, in wide open spaces surrounded by majestic mountains, rivers and giant trees, and in total harmony with the fauna. When the Europeans started settling permanently in New England (Maine, New Hampshire, Vermont, Massachusetts, Connecticut, Rhode Island), Native Americans taught them how to raise crops and how to hunt games. However, the number of Native Americans decreased drastically because of imported diseases, war and coercion tools as the Europeans’ civilizing onslaught kept destroying their peaceful ways of life compelling them to live on reservations all across the USA. While exploring the way Native Americans have influenced the American society, this paper aims to demonstrate that the reservations policy is no preferential treatment but just a different way of treatment from a long eradication process. Keywords: Native Americans, reservations, Thanksgiving, USA.

Abstract: In this article, we will attempt a broad exploration of new literary forms in order to gain an overview of how literary work has taken hold of new digital technologies. We will then attempt to identify the problematic relationship between electronic and digital literature and examine the definitional issues that arise. Finally, we present an overview of the different types of digital poetry, highlighting the relationship of continuity or rupture between traditional and digital literary forms. Keywords: Literature, Digital, Electronics, Hypertextuality, Interactivity

Abstract: This research paper calls for a deeper exploration of learner autonomy in the context of writing dissertations in English as a Foreign Language (EFL). Achieving university-level research requires advanced abilities to overcome complex research-related challenges while adhering to strict academic standards and expectations. Consequently, fostering Learner Autonomy (LA) among graduate students becomes crucial. This study investigated the perspectives of EFL Algerian teachers and students on LA, employing four distinct lenses: the understanding and significance of LA, autonomy levels and readiness to engage in research, challenges faced in maintaining autonomy during the dissertation writing process, and strategies for developing LA among student writers/researchers. To this end, a randomly selected sample of 65 respondents from six Algerian universities across diverse regions of the country (north, west, south, and east) participated in an online questionnaire. The data was then analyzed using both quantitative and qualitative methods. The findings allowed for framing LA from the participants’ perspectives and identifying different practices to promote autonomous learning as students progress from mere learners to researchers. Based on the data discussed, this study offered implications for key stakeholders in higher education. Keywords: Learner autonomy, thesis/dissertation writing, research, graduate students, higher education

Abstract: Undoubtedly, the sublime expressiveness in the Quranic discourse has been a strong motivator for researchers to unravel the codes of these living and renewable indications, and to illustrate their evocative images by interrogating the linguistic elements of its verses. Deepening insights into their meanings and implications encourages reflection. Perhaps, the topic of conversational presupposition holds significant importance in comprehending the discourse of Allah Almighty in a scientific and conscious manner, far from the misunderstandings arising from ignorance of the noble Quranic verses' communicative purposes beyond their true meanings. The pragmatic approach holds advantages and positive aspects in the analysis of the Quranic discourse. It assists the recipient (reader and listener), the interpreter, and every student of the noble Quran ‘verses in achieving a profound understanding. This is accomplished by linking syntactic structure and semantics to the communicative function and the performative capacity, utilizing the section on "conversational presupposition." This section involves the study of the semantic requirements of Quranic structures, starting from the logic of dialogue, the intention of the speaker, the understanding of the listener, and the principle of collaboration between them. This paper, in its practical aspect, aims to utilize the principles of conversation to study the implications resulting from the violation of one of the dialogical principles and the semantic value acquired by these specific requirements. The goal is to preserve the conversational process between the interlocutors without compromising the general principle of cooperation. Keywords: Pragmatic approach, Quranic discourse, understanding, violation, rules of conversation, principle of manner.

Abstract: This paper examines the African critic and novelist Chinua Achebe's reworking and recycling W.E.B.DU Bois's short story "Of The Coming Of John"(1903). Achebe's "Dead Men's Path"(1953) represents the return of the protagonist Michael Obi from his academic journey towards his home of origin Nigeria. He goes back to fulfill a mission of ruling a secondary school that suffers backwardness. To some extent, Achebe by doing so, is appropriating and adapting W.E.B.DU Bois's short story "Of The Coming of John" (1903) that exposes the dilemma of double consciousness in USA as well as the issues of race, ethnicity and discrimination. In Du Bois's work there are two characters possessing the same name of John, but they are completely different in term of social class and skin color. Thus, this research is both analytic and comparative; relying on a close reading of the two works to distinguish both the similarities and the differences between them. Also, it aims at shedding lights on how Achebe recreates the American atmosphere and the problem of north-south in the United States and molds it in Nigeria's decolonization mood, as well as, the debate between modernism and tradition. Keywords: African Literature ; Chinua Achebe ; Afro-American Literature ; Appropriation ; W.E.B.DU Bois.

Abstract: This contribution aims to emphasize the travel literature, which constitutes the old types of literature. In fact, it has experienced remarkable changes before arriving to open up on other dimensions, especially in the period that came just after colonialism. This research aims to focus on travel narratives in Arab literature, mostly the topics that were discussed at that time, namely constitutions of self and others, transculturation, nostalgia, language and contact zones. Indeed, we turn in this paper to represent the spiritual and affiliation aspect relating to the travel narratives expressed by the novelist Ahmed Al-Madini, especially in his book: “The Journey to God’s Country, followed by The Journey to Ramallah », in which we will analyze the different characteristics of the travel narratives. Keywords: Travel narratives, postcolonial, Arab literature, Ahmed Al-Madini, spiritual, affiliation dimensions.

Abstract: The paper investigates complex nominal expressions in Tagbana a language spoken in the central-north part of Côte d´Ivoire. Complex nominal or compounds are the relation between two lexical categories, producing another by an implicit relationship between the constituents, Chappell & McGregor (1989) and Guevara & Scalise (2009) and it has been highly attentive in the linguistics literatures but none of them exist on Tagbana. Three kinds of complex nouns are explored in this paper: complex nouns consisting of two or more nominal roots (n +n); compounds consisting of a nominal and a verbal root (n + v) and the third kind consisting of a nominal and an adjectival root (n + a). The question arises as to the nature of the hierarchy of the structure of these complex constituents. It is shown that the rightmost element of a compound, or the final one in case there is more than two, is always the head of the compound and the entire complex noun acquires the class of the last element. If, however, the second element is an adjective, which does not have a class by itself, in this case, the complex noun acquires the class of the leftmost element. I propose an account of how morphological structures interact in these kinds of constructions and I look at the extent to which distributed morphology can account for these complex nominal constructions in Tagbana. Keywords: Complex nominals, Tagbana, Morphology, Distributed Morphology

In addition to its widespread use in various disciplines, LL has garnered attention from researchers in education for its role in enhancing language learning and promoting linguistic diversity. However, its systematic integration into language teaching contexts, particularly in high school settings, remains limited. This paper aims to demonstrate how LL-centered activities were designed for integration into an 11th-grade English classroom in a public high school in southeastern Turkey. Over a 12-week period with 32 students, three LL-oriented tasks—Designing a job advertisement, Creating a T-shirt design, and Crafting a ‘Wanted’ sign—all aligned with the curriculum were implemented. Following the stages outlined by the pedagogical model of Linguistic Landscapes in Second Language Teaching and Learning (LLinL2TL), LL activities were systematically integrated. The objective is to provide a comprehensive illustration of the step-by-step integration of LL resources into high school English classrooms, supplemented by sample student works to offer a clear overview of the process. The study concludes by offering recommendations and implications for language education professionals.

While reflecting upon the intrinsically multilingual and translational history of philosophy, philosophers and philosophy scholars frequently argue metaphorically in terms of a tradition. The perspectives vary in emphasizing either the tradition’s continuance or its transition, whereas translation is perceived of as the central or an auxiliary force in both processes. Four approaches where a philosophical tradition is differently poeticized are discussed in the paper. They reveal specific operations of transfer and transformation which are claimed to be supported or accelerated by/in translation. Such tradition-related operations appear to qualify for being traced and pinned down in a given philosophical translation. The paper seeks to work out this heuristic potential within the selected poetics of tradition and draws upon the paratextual comments on the first Russian translation of Heidegger’s “Being and Time” to eventually illustrate the translation-induced shifts of whatever might be called a philosophical tradition.

Recent years have seen the creation of a complex and multifaceted body of scholarly work examining the role of translators and interpreters in conflict situations. More is yet to be discovered, however, about these significant individuals and their functions and contribution to past and current wartime situations. Using data collected from oral histories gathered as part of the digital archive project by the Free University of Berlin, and the written testimonials provided by the Center for Neo-Hellenic Studies, this study focuses on the underexplored role of interpreters in German Occupied Greece (1941–1944). The digital archive offers key information regarding issues beyond what has been recorded so far regarding interpreter ethnic and ideological allegiances, for instance. Issues connected to the interpreters’ background, with a special emphasis on acquisition of linguistic skills, shed light on broader anthropological and sociological issues, such as their level of education, which may be linked to social class. Gender is another aspect discussed, as a result of the finding that a large number of interpreters in Occupied Greece were women. This paper includes an annex with excerpts from testimonials (in Greek).

This paper analyzes two dystopias belonging to different worlds and eras: one from the 20th century, We, by Russian writer E. Zamjatin and the other from the 21st century, Notre vie dans les forêts, by the French M. Darrieussecq. This literary journey of a century allows us to focus on themes dear to the dystopian genre but especially related to the lives of today’s readers, in the spirit of engaged literature. In particular, readers will be prompted to reflect, with the help of some critical insights, primarily on the disasters of the Anthropocene and on the depersonalization experienced by humans in a world that changes too quickly and in which the boundaries between human and nonhuman seem to have been obliterated. Starting from this last element, the article considers a new model of inclusion of the different, the posthuman, through the studies of Rosi Braidotti and Donna Haraway.

The present paper aims at analyzing two works of contemporary Irish fiction, namely, Notes from a Coma (2005) by Mike McCormack and The Fjord of Killary (2012) by Kevin Barry. I argue that both works not only mirror what Dipesh Chakrabarty calls the ‘global’ and the ‘planetary’, but also reflect the non-human space and time scales that Timothy Morton identifies as one of the properties of hyperobjects. Moreover, the two novels are deeply rooted in the history of Ireland, and especially in the semi-peripheral position occupied by the country within the capitalist world system. The intermingling of various narrative layers together with speculative and realistic tropes conveys the epiphenomenality of our lived experience, characterized by the not-yet predictable consequences of planetary climate crisis and the ever-shifting demands of global capitalism.

This paper investigates the representation of bodies in two contemporary Japanese works, namely Murata Sayaka’s Seimeishiki (生命式 , Life Ceremony, 2013) and Ono Miyuki’s Karada o uru koto (身体を売ること “Selling the Body,” 2020). Both novellas are set in the future and share the trope of the ‘uncanny,’ heightened through the transgression of boundaries thanks to the presence of what I refer to as ‘consumed bodies,’ and female protagonists as an ‘unhinged woman,’ the anti-heroine interpreted as a feminist icon recently emblazoned in social networks. In Life Ceremony, the Japanese government has approved anthropophagy as a social practice; in “Selling the Body,” healthy flesh bodies are sold to survive in polluted environments and replaced by robotic ones. Present anxieties concerning the control over bodies and their reproductivity, as well as the fear of objectification are expressed through the practices of cannibalism and cyberization. Consequently, readers are forced to rethink the human nature and ethics in a posthuman dialectic within a hyper-capitalistic society.

Reflections on the collective traumas that have shaped Japan’s more recent history (primarily the triple disaster of Fukushima) have ignited a new boom in dystopian productions that have achieved an unprecedented success. These narratives explore themes that deal with the erosion of the ecosystem in which humans live – but also of the human body itself. However, it is not only human beings who play a part in some of these dystopias: the city of Tokyo also plays a key role within them. The purpose of this paper is to explore this peculiar role of Tokyo in three selected case studies: namely, Adou (2021-) by Amano Jaku, Soundtrack (2003) by Furukawa Hideo, and The Emissary (2013) by Tawada Yōko. Destroyed and rebuilt in multiple media productions over the last seventy years and at the center of psychedelic futuristic visions, Tokyo becomes either a swarming center of human life or an abandoned wasteland, an urban skeleton that stands as a reminder of the impending or preceding catastrophe, forcing the reader to think about the actual future of our urban spaces – and whether it will include us humans or not.

The global entertainment world has recently seen an increase in post-apocalyptic products, clearly reflecting a public demand for catastrophe-related narratives. This ‘catastrophilia’ finds a relevant example in the dystopian works by Komatsu Sakyō, one of Japan's most celebrated science fiction authors, beginning with the first novel Nihon chinbotsu (1973). Having become a transmedia product thanks to film, manga, and anime adaptations, the story portrays a fictional version of “The Big One” able to sink the entire Japanese archipelago in an unknown future. What is the reason behind such success? By adopting an interdisciplinary perspective intertwining psychological, philosophical and media studies, this paper examines the popularity achieved by Japan Sinks and its mediascape to unveil the addiction to the apocalyptic narratives that goes beyond the ecotopic purpose of re-establishing a symbiotic contact between humans and the environment. Instead, it results from a pathological desire for violence and death and an atavistic tendency for morbid curiosity.

In the 20th century, it is common to find some rewritings of classical myths set in post-apocalyptic scenarios. The aim of this paper is to propose an innovative research field that combine the study of dystopian literature and myth criticism. The new myth-critical approach considers three social innovations: informatization, which is essential in dystopian literature as well; migration and postcolonial literature, which is linked to the concept of the otherness science fiction thrives on; and finally, consumerism, which leads to eternal technical reproducibility, also presented in the dystopian works, especially in the concept of cloning. A concrete example are the dystopian adaptations of the myth of Antigone: the movie I Cannibali by Liliana Cavani, the epistolary novel In the Country of Last Things by Paul Auster, and the play Antígona Gelada by the portuguese author Armando Nascimento Rosa.

The thesis of this paper is connected to those poems that activate a semantic renewal of a different kind of “real” and explore the poetic imaginary of the coronavirus, focusing on how Rodica Braga translates the fear, chaos, shock and bewilderment caused by the pandemic into her poetry. In a close reading analysis we will investigate how the pandemic, with all its effects, has reconstructed reality through a “new normality”, identifying, also, the paradigm shifts that this concept has encountered. We will also focus on how the confinement led to a different kind of reflection of reality and life in writing. Also, in the subsequent interpretative exercise, we will analyze the presence of the author, at a figurative level, in the semantics of autofictional lyrical discourse and observe with the help of relevant examples from Rodica Braga's poems how a broad interpretation of this concept can be useful for understanding the acting roles and avatars adopted by the “I” in the author's works.

This article explores the intersection of 19th-century philosophy with historical events, spotlighting Nietzsche, Bentham, Kierkegaard, and Schopenhauer and their distinct perspectives on suffering as a positive element, reflective of the era's cultural and historical nuances. The first part of the paper is a summary of the 19th century and its noteworthy events. The second part argues that suffering is a constant element of human existence by highlighting conceptual similarities between all four philosophers when they describe the challenges that humans must face. The third part of the paper analyzes the relationship between suffering and self-knowledge. The fourth and last part of the paper explores the mechanism of suffering as an epiphenomenon.

This paper constitutes an encompassing account of the Madonna of Orsanmichele in all its historical instances. As source of the first miracle ever recorded in the city-state of Florence, in 1292, the Orsanmichele Madonna generated a cult that lasted centuries. Considering the extravagant artistic commissions on the site of the granary-turned-church, Orsanmichele became a place of religious worship, and, more importantly, grown into being equated with the political and spiritual identity of Florence. The panel by Bernando Daddi and the tabernacle designed by Andrea Orcagna have generated, I argue, a parallel cult – one revering the exquisite artistic draughtsman ship of the painting and that of its monumental shrine. In this paper I aim to present the dialogue between the Marian cult located at Orsanmichele, starting in the thirteenth century, and the artistic patronage prompted by the popularity of the miracle-making image of the Virgin. My study represents a critical re-visitation of the prominent book by Megan Holmes, The Miraculous Image in Renaissance Florence, published in 2013.

This paper explores the most efficient teaching context to learn words’ visual aspects and by second-grade French-speaking children, including those with special needs. Students came from six classrooms and each classroom was randomly assigned to the control group or to one of two experimental interventions (TFS: explicit teaching of semantic and formal properties of words; TF: explicit teaching of formal properties of words). For students without difficulties, the experimental interventions have contributed equally to the learning of the words’ visual aspect, whereas no progress was observed for the control group. For students with special needs, only the intervention that combined explicit instruction of semantic and formal properties lead to significant progress. These results suggest that explicit instruction should focus on the semantic and formal properties of words, especially for students with special needs.

In the current changing world, named the era of knowledge explosion, diversity and modernity, art professors and teachers as well as those who have been involved in teaching art in institutions and any related centers have been trying to find out the influence of teaching methods in the field of art. Several studies about practical and theoretical methods of teaching art in French faculties and schools have been undertaken. It is worthy to mention that these methods are very useful to apply in other schools outside of France. Art faculties and schools of Fine Arts dedicate some practical and theoretical methods to teach their required matters perfectly. There are some lectures and exercises that in theoretical and practical actions of the professors whose initial idea is to solve problems on the spot during the process of making artworks. These methods are constantly upgrading after each lecture and exercise to improve the ethods of teaching art at the faculties and schools of Fine Arts. The main objective of this paper is to describe some methods that directly relates to the interactive effect between professors and students. These methods provide an opportunity to develop further teaching methods and the formation of the methodological framework of lectures and exercises. The research handles comparative and descriptive teaching methods as well as academic. The result of this research is one of the possible methodological structures that proposed teaching aids that can be further developed and upgraded to improve teaching at the Faculties and schools of Fine Arts.

From its transformation into a taboo and its hiding under the so-called “Moldovan language” or under the euphemistic expression “state language”, to its regained status recognition as an official language, the Romanian language spoken in the Republic of Moldova has undergone impressive reforms in the last 60 years. Meant to erase the awareness of citizens’ ethnic identity and turn a majority language into a minority one, all the laws and regulations issued on the field succeeded in setting numerous barriers for speakers of Romanian in the Republic of Moldova. Either manifested as social constraints or materialized into an assumed rejection of mother tongue usage, all these laws have demonstrated their usefulness and major impact on the Romanian-speaking population. This article is the result of our research carried out over 10 years with the support of students, Moldovan citizens, from the master's degree program "Romanian Language - Identity and Cultural Awareness". Our analysis shows that although the status of the Romanian language in the Republic of Moldova has changed, making the official leap from ”ethnic language” to official state language, speakers still use it with the fear that they are not speaking it correctly and that they might be in danger of using structures that are inappropriate for the Romanian language because that they have many years of experience in using the Russian language as lingua franca. In this paper, we provide arguments to demonstrate the evolution of the Romanian language spoken in Moldova, despite all the social and political barriers imposed over time.

Abstract: In a multicultural world that is increasingly becoming one, integrating culture in textbooks as essential teaching materials in Foreign Language Teaching (ELT), therefore, has become inevitable and compulsory aiming at developing learners’ intercultural competence. Though a plethora of studies have been highlighted on the issue, it seems that relevant literature lacks analytical studies showing the way culture is addressed in the Algerian English as a Foreign Language (EFL) textbook. This latter witnessed many reforms that would help EFL learners develop a cultural competence accompanied with their linguistic knowledge. On this basis, this paper draws attention and tries to shed light on culture integration and representation in “New Prospects” textbook. To do so, both qualitative and quantitative research designs were adopted within the present study. Qualitatively, a document analysis has been approached on samples of linguistic and paralinguistic teaching materials exist in the textbook mentioned earlier. Quantitively, a questionnaire is conducted with English teachers assigned to teach the content of “New Prospects” textbook which is addressed to third year students at the high school. Both tools of the present study aim at gathering data about the presence of cultural aspects in the teaching materials of the textbook with a particular reference to the intercultural dimension. Most importantly, the study seeks to highlight Algerian English teachers’ awareness in developing learners’ intercultural competence and prepare them, culturally, to join university. Keywords: Algerian textbook, EFL, Intercultural Competence, linguistic and paralinguistic Teaching Materials

Abstract: Some of the most contentious poems written in the modern era are those by Sylvia Plath (Graham and Sontag, 2001). Finding the author's emotional expression in some of her most significant works is the goal of this study. Plath is able to convey the opposing emotions of intense hatred and love. The paper opens with how Plath perceives her father and the type of man he was. It shows that the abundant written expression of emotion actually possesses a complex cognitive structure; as such, it merits examination from both an intellectual and an emotional perspective. It makes the case that the emotion found in Plath's poetry is based on assessments and judgments the woman has made about things that have happened in her life. This logical aspect of her feelings is what lends structure to the purportedly free form "emotional" poetry. In order to demonstrate how Plath uses love, hate, and jealousy in her poetry to make sense of events in her life and reveal a cognitive molding agent, which gives her poems their coherence and meaning, these emotions are examined. Keywords: Sylvia Plath; love; hate; jealousy; emotions.

Abstract: The present paper explores the dynamics of the main character’s alienation in Ottessa Moshfegh’s My Year of Rest and Relaxation using Jean Paul Sartre’s existentialist perspective. Moshfegh’s novel depicts a story of a young woman who chooses to lock herself at her apartment, going through a year of hibernation, talking to nobody, and being estranged from the whole world. Through this story, the author showcases how alienation may be seen as a necessary step towards self-discovery to find meaning and purpose where everything may seem absurd and purposeless. It basically sheds light on the way the protagonist is alienated from herself, from others, and the way she is estranged from the world. Also, this study shows the protagonist’s attempt to achieve her goal which is to reach authenticity in unauthentic world through sleeping for a year and being alienated from everything and everyone. The study mainly aims to explore how Moshfegh problematizes the notion of alienation and estrangement in the novel to project the main character’s inner worlds. It finds out that the main character alienates and disconnects herself from her surrounding and even from herself for the sake of reconnection. Keywords: Ottessa Moshfegh, My Year of Rest and Relaxation, Existentialism, Jean Paul Sartre and Alienation.

This paper focuses on Canadian Jewish minorities that have attracted little scholarly attention. It does so mainly by reviewing data from the 2021 Canadian census on Jews who identify as members of visible, Indigenous, and gender minorities. This discussion points to several areas in need of further academic research, and concludes by claiming that, ironically, understudied Canadian Jewish minorities (including but not restricted to those discussed here) may form a majority of Canada’s Jewish population, making their inclusion in community affairs a necessity for the continued social cohesion of the country’s Jewish community.

In the recent decades the interpersonal nature of written academic communication has been widely studied in various linguistic/cultural contexts, including Lithuanian. To gain new insights into how knowledge is negotiated interpersonally in Lithuanian scientific texts, the present paper explores the distribution and use of interactive and interactional features of metadiscourse in Lithuanian research articles in a single discipline, i.e., linguistics. For the classification of metadiscourse resources, the study employs the interpersonal model of metadiscourse (Hyland 2005a). Based on the analysis of 30 Lithuanian research articles in the field of linguistics, this exploratory investigation reveals rhetorical strategies utilized by professional authors to construct a coherent text and engage their audiences in the chosen disciplinary domain. The dominance of interactive metadiscourse features over interactional ones in the corpus examined shows that Lithuanian authors of research articles in linguistics are generally more concerned with organizing discourse and guiding readers through the text than with expressing attitudes and commitment to their arguments. The most common interactive resources are transitions and evidentials, and the most frequent interactional devices include boosters, engagement markers, and hedges. The analysis offers a number of methodological steps necessary for applying the interpersonal model of metadiscourse to Lithuanian data, and complements numerous investigations into Lithuanian academic discourse by illustrating and discussing the writer-reader interaction in linguistics in a larger corpus.

The comparison of light verb constructions with the verbs make and do has not received much attention. The present paper is an attempt to contribute to the study of these constructions. It aims to analyze the light verbs make and do in combination with the same deverbal nouns to identify similarities and differences between the two light verbs and examine the contribution of the light verbs and deverbal nouns to the light verb construction in terms of semantic and syntactic features. The research is corpus-based, and the data for analysis are collected from the British National Corpus (BNC). The semantic description deals with characteristics such as generality, polysemy and aspectual meaning, and the syntactic description focuses on complementation. The analysis of findings demonstrates that, despite some similarities, almost all constructions with the two light verbs show either meaning or/and complementation differences. The study also reveals that both light verbs and deverbal nouns have an impact on the semantics and syntax of the construction. Light verbs may affect light verb constructions semantically in terms of generality and polysemy, and the aspectual meaning of constructions depends on both light verbs and deverbal nouns. Likewise, both light verbs and deverbal nouns have an influence on complementation, but in their own way: light verbs on the selection of complements and deverbal nouns on complementation patterns.

This paper aims to reveal differences between the competing accusative and locative forms of Lithuanian temporal expressions denoting parts of the day (rytas ‘morning’, diena ‘day’, vakaras ‘evening’, naktis ‘night’). Since the accusative of time expresses a wider semantic spectrum, it was first necessary, using a prototypical approach, to define exactly what the morphosyntactic and semantic characteristics of the competing pairs are (i.e., prototypical verbal modifiers expressing location of an action/ state in time). Then, analysing the DLKT corpus data confirmed that the competition between the accusative and locative forms is present using the word vakaras ‘evening’ and rytas ‘morning’. This study reveals that the choice of case depends on the interaction of the given word with the (non)presence of an attribute and on the concrete type of attribute as well. It was confirmed that the accusatives of all the studied words predominate over the locatives, but the strength of the dominance varies. This may be caused by the different degree of adverbialization of the locative forms and by the different semantic implications embodied in the lexemes themselves, which is related to how successfully the locative resists the expansion of the accusative.

There are three constructions in Guinean Maninka with basic meanings belonging to the future-prospective area: the First Future, the Second Future, and the Prospective. This paper, based on elicitation and natural text data, analyzes the semantics and distribution of these constructions. Specifically, it demonstrates the following: the First Future construction (marked by dí) has a broad range of future meanings and can be regarded as the default future construction, it also has a habitual meaning; the less frequent Second Future (marked by dínà) expresses the distant future; the Prospective construction (marked by the verbal suffix ‑tɔ), apart from prospective meaning, can also have future-tense or modal semantics. Additionally, it establishes that the First Future and Prospective constructions are sensitive to the presence of an argument focus in the clause. Finally, it advances hypotheses on the etymology and the evolution paths of each construction and its marker: the Prospective construction may originate from the simultaneity converb (marked by suffix ‑tɔ); the First Future marker, from the qualitative verb dí ‘be pleasant; be easy’; the Second Future marker results from combination of the First Future marker with the verb nà ‘to come’.

The paper focuses on two literary periods located at opposite ends of the twentieth century and examines the relationship between utopian ideas of Victorian fin de siècle and the re-emergence of utopian desires within a metamodernist context. The two periods discussed, while separated by a century of what is typically understood as progress, are both permeated by impending change and in dire need of alternatives to their respective forms of capitalism, making the appearance of utopian discourse almost inevitable. While their understanding of utopia certainly differs in many aspects, I will argue that they both recognize its oscillatory potential and neither focuses on bare facilitation of escapism or provision of blueprints, instead consciously employing hope-based utopian impulses as a method and a process by means of which various alternatives can be continuously investigated.

Et dukkehjem (A Dolls’ House) by Henrik Ibsen is one of the most central texts of world theatre and literature, but at the same time, it is also a text written by an author coming from a relatively peripheral source language and culture. Nevertheless, soon after her entrance to the European stages Ibsen’s Nora found her way to the Slovenian theatres, albeit via German translations more often than not. This paper will show how the fact that the translations were done between two peripheral languages has affected all existing Slovenian translations, direct or indirect.

In Slovenia, surtitles are increasingly used to facilitate access to the textual content of a play when it is performed for an international audience. The process of creating a translation in the format of surtitles is characterized by complexity and hybridity, as a translation of a theatre text, even when available, needs to be adapted for a different medium. This paper examines how English surtitles for the Slovenian play Pavla nad prepadom / Pavla above the Precipice were created by comparing four versions of the text of the performance.

Tituba, a supporting character in Arthur Miller’s 1953 play The Crucible, can be associated with the concept of otherness in several respects. For one, she is not free like the rest of the population of Salem, Massachusetts, where the play is set, but was brought to the community from the island of Barbados by Reverend Parris as an enslaved woman. Being of Caribbean origin, she is also not an English Protestant like the rest of the village, and despite having accepted her master’s church, as was common for the enslaved throughout the British colonial period, Protestantism is not her first religion. Finally, the two most evident and immediately perceivable characteristics placing her in the category of the Other are her skin colour and her language, which also seem to be the main reasons that she was the first person to be accused of witchcraft in Salem. This paper focuses on Tituba’s speech, particularly from the point of view of the possibilities as well as difficulties of translating her utterances into Slovene. The contrastive analysis includes Miller’s original play, its two Slovene translations, Lov na čarovnice, the published one (1964) and the unpublished theatre translation (1997/2019), as well as a brief insight into two theatre productions of the play at the Maribor National Theatre.

Abstract: The period of the Apartheid system was both bloody and racist. Men had been fighting for years against the Apartheid system unsuccessfully. Though women knew that the men were fighting against the Apartheid system, they did feel integrated in the fight as the same men also discriminated them. This paper will be focused on the implication of the Black Sash, the first activists-women group with a white skin. It will specifically aims to account on how their fight contributed to build a feminist national identity and open the door for a postmodernist perspective in the analysis of the Apartheid system. Keywords: Apartheid system, Black Sash, feminist national identity, postmodernist perspective.

Abstract: During the last decades, with the increase of demography, urbanization, globalization and general commodification, the land value has increased and some social strata such as young people, women and the disabled become vulnerable and their control land remains almost non-existent. This situation has led to gender inequality in farmland accessibility and increase unemployed young people. With the aim to improve conditions of access to farmland, this analysis to shed light on land tenure problematic and problems related to young people and women's access to farmland. A total of 70 papers from Africa, Asia, America and Europe have been considered. In Africa, 8.1 to 15% of papers have been produced by researchers from Benin Republic and Senegal, and 6.1 to 8% from Burkina Faso, Mali and Niger. 52.73% papers from international results, when 36.36% and 10.91% have respectively been collected form other national or local scales. The main research fields of these papers are rural land acquisition and accessibility, conflicts about land accessibility, land governance and institutions, and about actors and vulnerability. Inheritance was the most common regime of land tenure in the most of the countries in Africa while the smallest land tenure scheme was the borrowing regime with 23.67%. 85% of papers identified women as the most vulnerable actors in the acquisition and accessibility of rural lands. However, youth are almost excluded from access to land ownership. This study provides an analytical overview on the difficulties of women and young people to accede to farmland that are important to increase the agricultural productivity and to improve gender inequalities in rural land acquisition and accessibility. Keywords Land governance, access to land, rural development, land conflict. West Africa.

Abstract: This paper follows an exploratory design, based on a mixed methodology to pinpoint how the full linguistic knowledge of English as a foreign language (EFL) learners would influence their inflectional morphology development. By employing quantitative and qualitative modes of enquiry, learners’ practices and teachers’ perceptions are explored. An interview is delivered to six EFL middle school teachers to capture their perceptions of learners’ practices in the classroom integrating translanguaging practices. Samples of learners’ writings are gathered, and a corpus analysis is conducted to investigate their knowledge of English inflectional morphemes. Learners’ common inflectional morphology errors are also generated. The findings reveal that omission, addition, overgeneralization, mis-formation, and mis-ordering are the common inflectional error practices among learners. Moreover, omission of the morpheme ‘s’ of plurality and third person singular present verb form was the most common omission error among learners. Learners are more aware of the use of comparative and superlative inflectional morphemes, with no errors being committed. With regards to the findings of the interview, they indicated a minor discrepancy. That is, whereas two teachers express the view about the use of Arabic for the teaching of grammar than the teaching of vocabulary, the remaining four teachers believe that the use of Arabic for learning vocabulary is more beneficial. The teachers also claim that because the grammatical structures are not always easy to translate, and the grammar of Arabic is more complex than that of English, it is necessary to make learners aware of the detrimental effect of translanguaging in learning grammar. The smoothness of the acquisition of accurate grammatical categories in the target language is disrupted by learners' first language, which may lead to misleading knowledge, especially as each language has its own characteristics in building structures. Furthermore, most teachers report noticing the practice of translanguaging by their learners for a variety of reasons; no teacher deny its regular occurrence in their classrooms. Moreover, only two teachers are in favour of relying on a translanguaging-based instruction suggesting that it is a comprehensive resource for further classroom clarification, as English and Arabic do not always have the same features. Keywords : EFL, inflectional morphology, perceptions, translanguaging.

Abstract: Space has always played a significant role in the identity formation of human groupings. The sense of belonging is not only historical and social but also spatial. Space gives meaning to identity as much as identity seeks specific spaces in which it can subsist and thrive. The present paper analyses the symbiotic relationship between space and identity in the United States' historical and cultural imagination. The article probes how the dynamic transformation and appropriation of spaces have been central elements in the inception, development and expansion of the American collective character. The article attempts to apprehend the American self-proclaimed idea of the United States as an exceptional and ever-expanding entity, and it examines how character and identity have attempted to define the appropriation and control of territorialized and de-territorialized spaces. But more importantly, the article argues that space has had changing meanings and has taken different manifestations in US cultural, social, and political history. Keywords: American expansionism; Exceptionalism; Frontier; identity; space