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We conducted a study of five patients with congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) in the department of antenatal diagnosis over a period of two years. Our study highlights the overall benchmarks for this disease and its management as well as the news on prenatal assessment of neonatal prognosis using Lung Over Head Ratio (LHR): ultrasound versus magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in the third world. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the prognosis of these new-born babies and support parents of a fetus with diaphragmatic hernia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Fetal brain tumors are rare. Teratoma is the most common histological type. Their evolution is often fatal. Ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging allows for early antenatal diagnosis. However, definitive diagnosis is based on histologic examination. Placental metastases are rare and complicate more often the course of malignant melanomas, hemopathies, breast and bronchial cancers. In pregnant women who have recently had a cancer, anatomopathologic examination of the placenta should be requested to detect tumor invasion. Similarly, neonatal assessment and extended pediatric follow-up are required. The establishment of registries collecting all cancer cases diagnosed among pregnant woman is essential for a better understanding of the epidemiology of these cancers as well as of maternal and paediatric prognostic factors. We here report a case of fetal brain tumor in a woman with recurrent ovarian cancer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Amniotic band syndrome (ABS) comprises of a spectrum of complex congenital malformations mainly interesting the limbs, but even the craniofacial region and the thoracoabdominal axis. There are two major opposing pathophysiological theories: premature rupture of the amniotic sac (exogenous growth theory) would result in the formation of fibrous bands which would lead to strangulation, thus causing the observed abnormalities; the endogenous theory holds that this is a syndrome of vascular origin and that the bands have no causative role. Prognosis depends on the severity of malformations. We here report two cases of lethal malformations in order to discuss the challenges in the diagnosis and treatment of amniotic band syndrome. This study mainly aims to highlight the role of prenatal diagnosis in the therapeutic management of this embryo-fetopathy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Meckel Gruber syndrome is a rare autosomal recessive polymalformation syndrome characterized by occipital encephalocele, polydactyly and cystic renal dysplasia. Ultrasound is, at present, the best tool for prenatal screening of this lethal polymalformation and diagnosys is confirmed by karyotyping. We here report a case of Meckel Gruber syndrome detected by ultrasound. Abortion was performed at 25 weeks of amenorrhoea. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Résumé Objectif Évaluer le bilan d’imagerie (échographie ± IRM) dans le diagnostic des malformations lymphatiques kystiques de localisations cervicales. Méthodes Étude rétrospective, descriptive des patientes ayant bénéficié d’un dépistage échographique de masses cervicales antérieures, confirmées en échographie de référence, au Centre pluridisciplinaire de diagnostic prénatal du Centre hospitalier régional universitaire de Lille de 1997 à 2014. Résultats Dix-sept lymphangiomes ont été recensés. Douze (71 %) lymphangiomes étaient diagnostiqués lors de l’échographie de référence et 88 % lors de l’IRM. On retrouvait une extension de la masse pour 10 (62 %) lymphangiomes en échographie et pour 11 (85 %) en IRM. Dans la plupart des cas, on objectivait respectivement en échographie et en IRM : une extension de la face (4, 23 %/6, 46 %), de la base de la langue (3, 18 %/2, 15 %) et du plancher buccal (3, 18 %/3, 15 %). Une atteinte pharyngée (5,38 %) et mandibulaire (4,31 %) était dépistée en IRM et non retrouvée en échographie. Deux (12 %) fœtus étaient porteurs de malformation urogénitale, 1 (6 %) de malformation cardiaque et 1 (6 %) de malformation faciale associée en échographie. Les lymphangiomes restaient stables dans 12 (71 %) des cas et disparaissaient dans 2 (12 %) des cas avant la naissance. Conclusion L’IRM et l’échographie paraissent indissociables pour permettre une évaluation et une prise en charge optimale des masses cervicales. Le bilan des lésions associées semble pouvoir nous aider dans l’orientation diagnostique. Enfin, les lymphangiomes semblent avoir une stabilité au cours de la grossesse et un bon pronostic en cas de masse cervicale lymphatique non compliquée et sans extension péjorative. Objectives Assess imaging (ultrasound ± MRI) in the diagnosis of cervical cystic lymphangioma. Methods Retrospective, descriptive study of the patients who underwent reference ultrasound screening for fetal anterior cervival masses in multidisciplinary prenatal diagnosis center of the Lille Regional University Hospital from 1997 to 2014. Results Seventeen lymphangiomas were identified. Seventy-three percent of lymphangiomas ( n = 12) were diagnosed in the baseline ultrasound and 85% ( n = 11) in MRI. An extra-cervical extension was identified in 10 (62%) with ultrasound and 11 (85%) with MRI. Main sites of mass extension objectived by ultrasound and MRI were respectively the face (4,23%/6,46%), the base of tongue (3, 18%/2, 15%) and buccal floor (3, 18%/3, 15%). Pharyngeal disease (5,38%) and mandible (4,31%) were detected by MRI and not found on ultrasound. Associated malformations detected with ultrasound were 2 (12%) urogenital malformation, 1 (6%) heart defect and 1 (6%) facial anomalies. Lymphangiomas remained stable in volume in 12 (71%) cases and disappeared before birth in 2 (12%) cases. Conclusion MRI and ultrasound seem inseparable to assess and optimally manage fetal cervical masses. Detection of associated lesions seems to help in the final lymphangioma diagnosis. Most of the time, lymphangiomas seem to be stable lesion during pregnancy and a good prognosis in cases of uncomplicated cervical lymphatic mass and without pejorative extension. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Résumé Objectif Déterminer l’incidence des anomalies chromosomiques, des associations syndromiques et des malformations fœtales en cas de retard de croissance intra-utérin (RCIU) dans un centre de référence en diagnostic prénatal. Patientes et méthodes Il s’agit d’une revue rétrospective de tous les cas vus entre 14 et 27 SA avec un périmètre abdominal (PA) < 5 e percentile entre 2008 et 2012. Les aneuploïdies et malformations associées étaient recherchées. Les grossesses multiples étaient exclues. Résultats Un total de 8626 fœtus a bénéficié d’un examen échographique entre 14 et 27 SA. Deux cent trente-neuf fœtus (2,8 %) présentaient un RCIU défini par un PA < 5 e percentile. Parmi eux, 37 fœtus avaient un caryotype anormal ou un syndrome identifié (15 %). L’anomalie chromosomique la plus fréquente était la trisomie 18 (10 cas, 4,2 %). Soixante-sept fœtus avaient au moins une anomalie morphologique sans aneuploïdie ou association syndromique (28 %), 135 cas étaient isolés (57 %). Les anomalies associées les plus courantes étaient le fémur court (5 %), l’omphalocèle (5 %) et le laparoschisis (4 %). L’âge maternel était plus élevé (33 ans ± 5 ans versus 31 ans ± 5,6 ans, p < 0,01) et le z-score pour le PA plus bas (2,5 ± 1 versus 2,15 ± 0,6) dans le groupe à caryotype anormal ou association syndromique que dans le groupe sans malformation. Le liquide amniotique était plus souvent augmenté dans le groupe à anomalie du caryotype ou avec malformations associées (14 % et 17 %) que dans le groupe sans malformation (0 %, p < 0,01). Discussion et conclusion Cette étude décrit les anomalies et issues associées au diagnostic de RCIU au 2 e trimestre dans une large population de patientes. Nos résultats suggèrent que l’absence de malformation associée, le degré de retard de croissance, l’âge maternel et la quantité de liquide amniotique peuvent orienter le diagnostic et le conseil anténatal de cette population à haut risque. Objectives To determine the incidence of chromosomal abnormalities, syndromic association and fetal defects associated with second trimester fetal growth restriction (FGR) in a tertiary referral center. Patients and methods Retrospective review of all cases referred between 14 and 27 weeks with an abdominal circumference (AC) < 5 th centile between 2008 and 2012. Multiple pregnancies were excluded. Medical records were retrieved to look for the presence of associated malformations, aneuploidy and outcomes. Results A total of 8626 fetuses had ultrasonographic examination between 14 and 27 weeks. Of these, there were 239 cases (2.8%) with evidence of FGR as based on AC measurement. Thirty-seven fetuses had an abnormal karyotype or an identified syndromic association (15%). The most common chromosomal defect was Trisomy 18 (10 cases, 4.2%), 67 had at least one associated morphological abnormality without aneuploidy or syndromic association (28%). Most common associated abnormalities were relative short femur (5%), omphalocele (5%) and gastroschisis (4%). Last 135 cases were isolated fetal growth retardation (5%). Maternal age was higher (33 yr ± 5 yr versus 31 yr ± 5.6 yr, P < 0.01) and the z-score for the AC lower (2.5 ± 1 versus 2.15 ± 0.6) in the group with abnormal karyotype or syndromic association than in the group without associated malformation. Amniotic fluid was more often increased in the group with an abnormal karyotype or associated malformation (14% and 17%) than in the group without malformations (0%, P < 0.01). Discussion and conclusion This study describes abnormalities and outcomes associated with second trimester fetal growth retardation in a large population of patients. Our results suggest that the absence of associated malformation, degree of growth restriction, maternal age and the amniotic fluid index may help in the prenatal management and counseling of this high risk population. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]