Search

The goal of the thesis is to identify the factors that determine the default rate of the loans, with a particular focus on the pioneering research of blockchain-based decentralised loans. The thesis describes blockchain technology, its development, and functions, introduces decentralised finance (DeFi), and examines its advantages and challenges. The thesis's analytic part compares DeFi loans and peer-to-peer loans as an alternative to the traditional financial system. The blockchain-based DeFi loans realized through lending Compound are analysed by a logit model that predicts liquidation rate and examines if it is possible to perform the prediction without any information about the borrower due to the complete anonymity in DeFi lending. To illustrate the difference, the data from the Czech peer-to-peer lending platform Zonky was used to set up two logit models. While the first model uses all available variables, the second model is based only on loan-related variables to achieve a more precise comparison to DeFi loans. Results revealed several statistically significant determinants of default rate in the case of all three models. While the results of the Compound model cannot be compared with the existing literature, the default rate determinants in the case of peer-to-peer loans confirm the...

This thesis focuses on a sample of banks operating in the European Union during 2010-2017. Using econometric analysis, the impact of government spending was examined as well as fiscal freedom and monetary freedom on bank profitability. The GMM system method was employed as the main instrument of empirical analysis and data from analysis was obtained from the BankScope database and from The Heritage Foundation. The results of the analysis show a significant negative impact from government spending and monetary freedom on the bank's profitability. However, the impact of fiscal freedom is insignificant.

(EN) The main aim of this diploma thesis is to critically assess the implications of the revised Directive on Payment Services (PSD2) for Banking and the Fintech Industry. In order to do so, the thesis firstly focuses on the current banking system together with the recent problems associated with the Global financial crisis of 2007-2008, which have given rise to substantial changes of the regulation of banking system at the EU level. Subsequently, the thesis compares the banking system with the rising financial technology (Fintech) industry and provides an overview of this industry together with regulation thereof. The provided overview of Banking and the Fintech Industry is followed by the analysis of the original Directive on Payment Services (PSD) and the PSD2, which also includes relevant case-law of the CJEU. Finally, the last part of the thesis assesses the possible implications of the PSD2, while it takes into account other relevant factors that may affect the potential development of the Fintech Industry. From the respective analysis it becomes apparent that the regulation of the banking system at the EU level has been strengthened in response to the Global financial crisis given that the insufficient regulation of banking was one of the main causes of the Global financial crisis....

The purpose of this thesis was to identify possible weaknesses of the current strategic management system applied within the selected bank in Ghana. Globalization of companies has strategically changed the face of management practices across the world, especially in the banking industry. The purpose of this thesis was achieved by providing answers to four major research questions which relates to the importance of strategic management practices in the Ghanaian banking industry. This thesis, therefore, sampled Barclays bank Ghana out of the entire population of the Ghanaian banking industry and both structured and an unstructured questionnaire were used to gain the primary data for the thesis. The thesis analyzed various aspects of Barclays bank strategic management and its implementation including environmental analysis. It was found that the bank is doing well by maintaining the business strategy throughout the organizational settings. Also, the bank has a well-documented strategy which is made available to top managers who review their plans when new strategies are being formulated. It was also found that even though the bank is doing well in the area of strategic management, there are a few lapses that need to be addressed during implementation of strategies. Administratively the bank inability to marshal resources, bureaucracy system within the bank affects implementation of the strategy. This thesis, therefore, recommends that the bank needs to carefully access the creditworthiness of whoever they give loans to both individuals and organizations in other to reduce their non-performing loans. Again, the bank must ensure that the core values which the bank was built on are maintained. Finally, Barclays Bank Ghana staff needs to be encouraged and trained in their business strategy and the bank’s strategic management process to help the bank grow organically

The topic of diploma thesis refers to a modern concept of corporate social responsibility in a specific industry, which is banking. Undertaken activities within this industry affect the wellbeing of all related stakeholders, and thus, the thesis analyses the current situation related to corporate social responsibility in banking companies from two European countries. It was found out that corporate social responsibility in these companies is on high level and it can be characterized by high engagement, active approach and up to date trends. Furthermore, the thesis deals with corporate social responsibility reporting in the studied companies. Progress in reporting quality and content was observed throughout the reporting years. Based on the analysis of corporate social responsibility reports, the thesis developed reporting model for companies active in the banking field. Thesis finishes with general recommendations regarding corporate social responsibility in the banking industry and concrete recommendations proposed for selected company.

The aim of this thesis is to analyse the impact of low interest rate environment in the Czech Republic in recent years on the sector of building societies as a specific segment of the financial market. First part of the thesis consists of description of main characteristics of building savings and building societies, e.g. their historical development, with special focus on main types of risk the building societies face. In the second part the impact of changing market interest rate on outstanding volumes of deposits in building societies is analysed. The analysis is conducted through simple time series models estimated by OLS. Final part includes comparison of demand for building savings loans with demand for mortgages as well as consideration of the development of profitability of the sector of building societies in recent years. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

Charles University in Prague Faculty of Social Sciences Taxation in Financial Sector Jan Hloušek Abstract The purpose of this thesis is to review taxation in financial sector, discuss its objectives and compare its past and most recent implementations. Financial Activities Taxes, Financial Transaction Taxes, and Financial Stability Contribution are compared from theoretical point of view. Trends in profitability, volumes of derivatives, and equity ratios are presented for two groups in both Italy and France - banks that are subject to new Financial Transaction Taxes and those that are not. Using panel data on financial institutions, positive impact of FTT introduction on derivative volumes is found in France, and no significant effect is found in Italy.

Czech Commercial Banks' Net Interest Margin Analysis with Regards to the Changes of Recent Years Bachelor thesis Martin Brousil Abstract The rapid development of digital technologies in recent years has influenced the whole business world, with the banking industry being no exception. For banks, it has brought many advantages, such as greater cost efficiency or higher availability of information about clients, but also new challenges for their business models and a growing number of direct and indirect competitors. This thesis analyzes the most salient trends present in the industry: the digitalization of banking, the growing competition, a shift in customer preferences and the stricter regulation of the banking business. Further, it focuses on the decreasing interest rate margin of Czech banks and attempts to find its causes. The size of bank, its cost efficiency and operational risks are identified as important determinants of the margin and also GDP growth and the degree of competition within the sector are found to play their roles in the determining process. At the end, the results are used and the qualitative and quantitative trends are linked together, since, as the author argues, a close relationship between them exists. Keywords Banking, Clients' Preferences, Competition, Digitalization, Regulatory...

v Abstract This thesis proposes a theoretical framework for application of ethics in banking and analyses effects of such application on financial performance of banks. A sentiments-adjusted economic motivation enables employment of ethical concepts, such as universality and humanity, in economics as well as banking. Then, using Bankscope data of more than 80,000 bank-year observations for the years 2003-2013, it is shown that banks applying ethics have higher exposure to real economy and less volatile Return on Equity. A consequent analysis revealed that in comparison with their closest peers those banks have lower profitability caused by higher relative costs that conversely result in lower loan losses. JEL Classification A13, B12, B16, G21, Q56 Keywords banking, ethics, economic motivation, Smith, self-interest, sentiments, Kant, sustainability, Bankscope, banking business models, within- between model, profitability, volatility, ethical, sustainable, values-based, social Length 115 862 characters Author's e-mail radek.halamka@gmail.com Supervisor's e-mail teply@fsv.cuni.cz

The objective of this thesis is to show different types of investment opportunities that a small investor has on a standard banking market. Subsequently they are analyzed from both theoretical and practical aspects. The reader will be able to see pros and cons of e.g. traditional saving products, mutual funds and many others. Services will be among other assessed from an international perspective. The main intention of this analysis is to find such financial products, to which a small investor has access and that can be recommended as a meaningful investment.

In this thesis we examine the interactions of bank liquidity creation and real economy using vector autoregression model. We selected inflation, unemployment rate and interest rate as basic economic variables which theoretically could influence bank liquidity creation. We decided to examine the reverse relationship whether bank liquidity creation has a significant impact on real economy. We study these interactions using data from Czech Republic within ten-year period from 2000 to 2010. Our results suggest that macroeconomic fluctuations have a significant impact on bank liquidity creation. The results also support our reverse hypothesis that higher liquidity creation can improve macroeconomic conditions.

Archetypal analysis is statistical method used in market segmentation, however, it has minor results of application in economics. This method finds out typical behavior - archetypes. Every sample point consists of one or more archetypes and every archetype consists of few sample points. In this thesis, we explore behavior of college students at Czech universities in banking sector as there is no evidence of this research. In the model with four archetypes, the archetypes named the Pauper, the Buffett, the Elvis and the Sleeping Beauty arose.

Stress testing is a macro-prudential analytical method of assessing the financial system's resilience to adverse events. This thesis describes the methodology of the stress tests and illustrates the stress testing for credit and market risks on the real bank-by-bank data in the two Balkan countries: Croatia and Serbia. Credit risk is captured by the macroeconomic credit risk models that estimate the default rates of the corporate and the household sectors. Setting-up the framework for the countries that were not much covered in former studies and that face the limited availability of data has been the main challenge of the thesis. The outcome can help to reveal possible risks to financial stability. The methods described in the thesis can be further developed and applied to the emerging markets that suffer from the similar data limitations. JEL Classification: E37, G21, G28 Keywords: banking, credit risk, default rate, macro stress testing, market risk

My diploma thesis is about social entrepreneurship in the banking sector. The thesis has two parts - theoretical and practical. In the theoretical part I examine the social entrepreneurship in general, i.e meaning of altruism in entrepreneurship. The ambit of my interest is interesting also because for-profit and non-for-profit organizations operate or operated on the same market. The practical part contains several case studies of "social banking" institutions. Concretely, I chose charitable banks in Italy and Spain emerging in 15th century, furthermore kampeličky and Raiffeisen cooperatives, microcredit and P-to-P lending. I try to answer the question whether the "social banking" is a meaningful concept and whether we can find in history some development leading to the current form of microcredit.

In the recession times of the last two years, it is of a good interest to test the behaviour of commercial banks. In this thesis, I link the Stiglitz-Greenwald theory of credit rationing with microeconomic Central and Eastern Europe banking group data over years 2007 and 2009. For the deeper understanding of the credit side of the banking system it is however necessary to analyse banks from a more detailed perspective. Therefore, a significant part of the thesis is focused on the financial analysis of commercial banks' balance sheets. This analysis then allows finding the reasons why and when did the banks change their behaviour, their approach to clients, businesses when supplying credits. I also analyse various steps that the banks took to deal with the financial crisis. While the crisis started as primarily financial, it was due to the information asymmetry/uncertainty (when banks could not screen and understand their clients properly) that this crisis turned into an economic one. The thesis is divided into two subparts. The first one describes the Greenwald-Stliglitz monetary paradigm and analyses it with respect to Czech microeconomic data. The second part extends this analysis and focuses on the balance sheet development and credit behaviour of five biggest banking groups in the CEE. The result of this thesis can help to understand banks' approach to their clients, the monetary transmission mechanism, and the behaviour of the banking system in general.

The thesis analyzes the banking sectors in selected countries of CEE region, in particular in Albania, Serbia, and Bosnia and Herzegovina and compares their development with the Czech Republic as it is CEE country with one of the most advanced banking sectors in the region. Three parts of the paper analyzing separately each of the countries are supplemented by country comparison and final conclusions. General development, development of banking sector as well as banking market and financial performance of banks are examined. As a conclusion, all the countries develop in a different way and with different starting conditions. Albania relies more on qualitative development with low absolute figures but high relative indicators with respect to the utilization of available resources. The development in Serbia is rather quantitative, in contrary to the situation in Albania. Bosnia and Herzegovina is progressing quite ambiguously also due to uncertain political situation in the country. It can be also concluded that all the three countries still have to go a long way to reach comparable level of their banking systems with the Czech Republic.

The significance of credit risk models has increased with the introduction of new Basel accord known as Basel II. The aim of this study is default rate modeling. This thesis follows the two possible approaches of a macro credit risk modeling. First, empirical models are investigated. Second, a latent factor model based on Merton's idea is introduced. Both of these models are derived from individual default probability models. We employed data over the time period from 1988 to 2003 of the Finnish economy in the first part of this thesis. Time series of bankruptcy and firm's numbers were used. Aggregate data for whole economy as well as industry specific data were available. First, linear vector autoregressive models was used in case of dynamic empirical model. We examined how significant macroeconomic indicators determined the default rate in the whole economy and in the industry specific sector. However these models cannot provide microeconomic foundation as latent factor models. We employed a one- factor model in our estimation although, multi-factor models were also considered. A one-factor model was estimated using disaggregated industrial data. This estimation can help understand relation between credit risk and macroeconomic indicators. Obtained results were used in the second part of this...