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1. Preparation and characterisation of hydroxide stabilised ZnO(0001)–Zn–OH surfaces.

Author

Markus Valtiner, Sergiy Borodin, Guido GrundmeierCurrent address: University of Paderborn, Technical and Macromolecular Chemistry, Warburger Str. 100, D-33098 Paderborn, and Germany.

Abstract

Two different approaches under ambient conditions were developed for the preparation of clean, non-reconstructed, single crystalline ZnO(0001)–Zn surfaces. The surface preparation by a wet chemical etching procedure was compared with the same treatment in combination with a subsequent heat treatment in humidified oxygen atmosphere. Depending on the preparation technique, atomically flat terraces with a width of 100 nm to several micrometers were observed using an atomic force microscope (AFM). The obtained surface structures were further characterized by means of angle resolved X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (AR-XPS), time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectroscopy (ToF-SIMS), Auger electron spectroscopy (AES) and low energy electron diffraction (LEED) measurements. Based on these results it is shown that the obtained surfaces are, in contrast to surfaces prepared under UHV conditions, stabilised by the adsorption of a monolayer of hydroxides. The important role of H2O during the heat treatment is pointed out by comparing the results of the same heat treatment in the absence of water. H2O turned out to play an important role in the reorganization process of the surface at elevated temperatures, thereby yielding extremely large atomically flat terraces. The terminating edges of these terraces were found to include 120° and 60° angles, thus perfectly reflecting the hexagonal surface structure. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2007
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4. Primary school students reasoning about and with the median when comparing distributions

Author

Schnell, Susanne, Frischemeier, Daniel, University of Paderborn, Germany, University of Paderborn, Utrecht University, Uffe Thomas Jankvist, Marja van den Heuvel-Panhuizen, and Michiel Veldhuis

Subjects
early statistics, [SHS.EDU]Humanities and Social Sciences/Education, education, median, statistics education, comparing groups, [MATH]Mathematics [math], primary school
Abstract

International audience; Statistical reasoning can be enhanced at an early stage by facilitating informal statistical reasoning and developing conventional measures based on individual conceptions. This paper aims at identifying young students´ conceptions of the median and their relations to its definition. For this, we present a design research study with grade 3 students (age 9) focusing on the comparison of two groups. The qualitative analysis of complementary interviews shows that young students already develop an initial understanding of the median but struggle to find the conventional reference for the middle. Consequences will be drawn for further design cycles.

Published
2019

5. Global Decision Making Over Deep Variability in Feedback-Driven Software Development

Author

Joerg Kienzle, Benoit Combemale, Gunter Mussbacher, Omar Alam, Francis Bordeleau, Lola Burgueno, Gregor Engels, Jessie Galasso, Jean-Marc Jézéquel, Bettina Kemme, Sébastien Mosser, Houari Sahraoui, Maximilian Schiedermeier, Eugene Syriani, McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada], Diversity-centric Software Engineering (DiverSe), Inria Rennes – Bretagne Atlantique, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-LANGAGE ET GÉNIE LOGICIEL (IRISA-D4), Institut de Recherche en Informatique et Systèmes Aléatoires (IRISA), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-IMT Atlantique (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut de Recherche en Informatique et Systèmes Aléatoires (IRISA), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-IMT Atlantique (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT), Smart Modeling for softw@re Research and Technology (IRIT-SM@RT), Institut de recherche en informatique de Toulouse (IRIT), Université Toulouse Capitole (UT Capitole), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Toulouse Mind & Brain Institut (TMBI), Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse Capitole (UT Capitole), Université de Toulouse (UT), Trent University, Ecole de Technologie Supérieure [Montréal] (ETS), Open University of Catalonia [Barcelona], University of Paderborn, Université de Montréal (UdeM), and McMaster University [Hamilton, Ontario]

Subjects
Feedback Loo, [INFO.INFO-SE]Computer Science [cs]/Software Engineering [cs.SE], MODA, Iterative Software Development
Abstract

International audience; To succeed with the development of modern software, organizations must have the agility to adapt faster to constantly evolving environments to deliver more reliable and optimized solutions that can be adapted to the needs and environments of their stakeholders including users, customers, business, development, and IT. However, stakeholders do not have sufficient automated support for global decision making, considering the increasing variability of the solution space, the frequent lack of explicit representation of its associated variability and decision points, and the uncertainty of the impact of decisions on stakeholders and the solution space. This leads to an ad-hoc decision making process that is slow, error-prone, and often favors local knowledge over global, organization-wide objectives. The Multi-Plane Models and Data (MP-MODA) framework explicitly represents and manages variability, impacts, and decision points. It enables automation and tool support in aid of a multi-criteria decision making process involving different stakeholders within a feedback-driven software development process where feedback cycles aim to reduce uncertainty. We present the conceptual structure of the framework, discuss its potential benefits, and enumerate key challenges related to tool supported automation and analysis within MP-MODA.

Published
2022

6. How to use digital devices to detect and manage arrhythmias: an EHRA practical guide

Author

Emma Svennberg, Fleur Tjong, Andreas Goette, Nazem Akoum, Luigi Di Biase, Pierre Bordachar, Giuseppe Boriani, Haran Burri, Giulio Conte, Jean Claude Deharo, Thomas Deneke, Inga Drossart, David Duncker, Janet K Han, Hein Heidbuchel, Pierre Jais, Marcio Jansen de Oliveira Figueiredo, Dominik Linz, Gregory Y H Lip, Katarzyna Malaczynska-Rajpold, Manlio F Márquez, Corrette Ploem, Kyoko Soejima, Martin K Stiles, Eric Wierda, Kevin Vernooy, Christophe Leclercq, Christian Meyer, Cristiano Pisani, Hui Nam Pak, Dhiraj Gupta, Helmut Pürerfellner, H J G M Crijns, Edgar Antezana Chavez, Stephan Willems, Victor Waldmann, Lukas Dekker, Elaine Wan, Pramesh Kavoor, Mohit K Turagam, Moritz Sinner, Karolinska Institutet [Stockholm], University of Amsterdam [Amsterdam] (UvA), University of Paderborn, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, Washington University in Saint Louis (WUSTL), Albert Einstein College of Medicine [New York], Hôpital Haut-Lévêque [CHU Bordeaux], CHU Bordeaux [Bordeaux], Università degli Studi di Modena e Reggio Emilia = University of Modena and Reggio Emilia (UNIMORE), Centre recherche en CardioVasculaire et Nutrition = Center for CardioVascular and Nutrition research (C2VN), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Hannover Medical School [Hannover] (MHH), University of California [Los Angeles] (UCLA), University of California (UC), University of Antwerp (UA), Universidade Estadual de Campinas = University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Maastricht University Medical Centre (MUMC), Maastricht University [Maastricht], Aalborg University [Denmark] (AAU), University of Liverpool, Royal Brompton and Harefield NHS Foundation Trust, Kyorin University School of Medicine [Tokyo, Japan], Kyorin University [Tokyo, Japan], University of Auckland [Auckland], Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Laboratoire Traitement du Signal et de l'Image (LTSI), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), CHU Pontchaillou [Rennes], Heinrich Heine Universität Düsseldorf = Heinrich Heine University [Düsseldorf], Universidade de São Paulo Medical School (FMUSP), Yonsei University, Ordensklinikum Linz Elisabethinen, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou [APHP] (HEGP), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Ouest - Hôpitaux Universitaires Île de France Ouest (HUPO), Westmead Hospital [Sydney], Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai [New York] (MSSM), University-Hospital Munich-Großhadern [München], Clinical sciences, Università degli Studi di Modena e Reggio Emilia, University of California, University of Campinas [Campinas] (UNICAMP), Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), University of Dusseldorf, Cardiology, ACS - Heart failure & arrhythmias, Ethics, Law & Medical humanities, APH - Personalized Medicine, APH - Quality of Care, and APH - Digital Health

Subjects
HAND-HELD, MOBILE HEALTH TECHNOLOGY, ECG, ARTIFICIAL-INTELLIGENCE, Arrhythmias, Cardiac/diagnosis, detection, APPLE WATCH, Arrhythmias, Cardiac, Arrhythmias, CARDIAC OUTPATIENT TELEMETRY, EHRA practical guide, ATRIAL-FIBRILLATION DETECTION, digital devices, Managing, HIGH-RISK, Physiology (medical), Catheter Ablation, Humans, [SDV.IB]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Bioengineering, Human medicine, Corrigendum, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, HEART-RATE MONITORS, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, QT-INTERVAL
Abstract

International audience

Published
2022

8. Convergence of Stochastic Search Algorithms to Finite Size Pareto Set Approximations

Author

Schuetze, Oliver, Laumanns, Marco, Coello Coello, Carlos, Dellnitz, Michael, Talbi, El-Ghazali, Parallel Cooperative Multi-criteria Optimization (DOLPHIN), Laboratoire d'Informatique Fondamentale de Lille (LIFL), Université de Lille, Sciences et Technologies-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Université de Lille, Sciences Humaines et Sociales-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Lille, Sciences et Technologies-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Université de Lille, Sciences Humaines et Sociales-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Inria Lille - Nord Europe, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria), IFORS, Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule - Swiss Federal Institute of Technology [Zürich] (ETH Zürich), Centro de Investigacion y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional (CINVESTAV), IFIM, University of Paderborn-IFIM, Université de Lille, Sciences et Technologies-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Université de Lille, Sciences Humaines et Sociales-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), INRIA, and IFIM-University of Paderborn

Subjects
[INFO.INFO-RO]Computer Science [cs]/Operations Research [cs.RO]
Abstract

In this work we study the convergence of generic stochastic search algorithms toward the Pareto set of continuous multi-objective optimization problems. The focus is on obtaining a finite approximation that should capture the entire solution set in a suitable sense, which will be defined using the concept of $\epsilon$-dominance. Under mild assumptions about the process to generate new candidate solutions, the limit approximation set will be determined entirely by the archiving strategy. We investigate two different archiving strategies which lead to a different limit behavior of the algorithms, yielding bounds on the obtained approximation quality as well as on the cardinality of the resulting Pareto set approximation. Finally, we demonstrate the potential for a possible hybridization of a given stochastic search algorithm with a particular local search strategy -- multi-objective continuation methods -- by showing that the concept of $\epsilon$-dominance can be integrated into this approach in a suitable way.

Published
2006

9. Dialogical Functions of You-Narration in Auto/Biography: Anne Harich’s 'Wenn ich das gewußt hätte…': Erinnerungen an Wolfgang Harich (2007)

Author

Mildorf, Jarmila, Rembowska-Płuciennik, Magdalena, Jeziorska-Haładyj, Joanna, and University of Paderborn, Faculty of Cultural Studies, Institute of English and American Studies

Subjects
second-person narration, biography, imaginary dialogue, autobiography, fictionalization, narratology
Abstract

Ever since the 1970s, if not before, second-person narration has been used as an alternative storytelling format in auto/biography to expand the narrative possibilities of engaging with one’s own or someone else’s life. The second-person pronoun can support the author’s project of self-exploration while also offering a means for self-distancing. When someone else’s story is addressed to that person, this raises questions concerning the epistemics of the narrated events as well as the teller’s storytelling rights and authority. This article explores the use of you-narration in an auto/biographical text by Anne Harich about her dead husband, Marxist philosopher Wolfgang Harich. The second-person narrative form is shown to serve various functions, ranging from creating an imaginary dialogue with the dead to expressing the author’s personal feelings about and perspectives on the life she lived with her husband. The analysis shows how Anne Harich, in imagining a conversation with her husband, vents her own pent-up frustration and points to her ambivalent attitude towards her marriage. The you-narrative parts fictionalize the otherwise non-fictional account and show that one needs to distinguish between the aspects of address at the level of the communication between narrator and narratee and reference in the story world of the you-narration.

Published
2022

15. A First Wide‐Open LDH Structure Hosting InP/ZnS QDs: A New Route Toward Efficient and Photostable Red‐Emitting Phosphor

Author

François Réveret, Horst Hintze-Bruening, Fabrice Leroux, Philippe Boutinaud, Rodolphe Valleix, Yongjun Feng, Geneviève Chadeyron, Qian Zhang, Damien Boyer, Hanako Okuno, Institut de Chimie de Clermont-Ferrand (ICCF), Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Clermont Auvergne (UCA)-Institut national polytechnique Clermont Auvergne (INP Clermont Auvergne), Université Clermont Auvergne (UCA)-Université Clermont Auvergne (UCA), State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing Engineering Center for Hierarchical Catalysts, University of Chemical Technology, Départemement de Biologie Structurale et Cellulaire Intégrée (DBSCI), Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Institut Pascal (IP), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Clermont Auvergne (UCA)-Institut national polytechnique Clermont Auvergne (INP Clermont Auvergne), University of Paderborn, and Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)

Subjects
Materials science, Photoluminescence, Intercalation (chemistry), Quantum yield, Phosphor, 02 engineering and technology, engineering.material, 010402 general chemistry, 7. Clean energy, 01 natural sciences, Indium phosphide, chemistry.chemical_compound, Silicone, General Materials Science, Red-emitting phosphor, Small-angle X-ray scattering, business.industry, Quantum dots, Mechanical Engineering, Layered double hydroxides, [CHIM.MATE]Chemical Sciences/Material chemistry, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, 0104 chemical sciences, Silicone composite film, chemistry, Mechanics of Materials, Quantum dot, Layered double hydroxide, engineering, Optoelectronics, Bola-amphiphiles, 0210 nano-technology, business
Abstract

International audience; The architecture of Zn-Al layered double hydroxides (LDHs), organo-modified with bola-amphiphiles molecules, is matching its interlayer space to the size of narrow-band red-emitting InP/ZnS core–shell quantum dots (QDs) to form original high-performance functional organic–inorganic QD-bola-LDH hybrids. The success of size-matching interlayer space (SMIS) approach is confirmed by X-ray diffraction, small angle X-ray scattering (SAXS), TEM, STEM-HAADF, and photoluminescence investigations. The QD-Bola-LDH hybrid exhibits a photoluminescence quantum yield three times higher than that of pristine InP/ZnS QDs and provides an easy dispersion into silicone-based resins, what makes the SMIS approach a change of paradigm compared to intercalation chemistry using common host structures. Moreover, this novel hybrid presents low QD–QD energy transfer comparable to that obtained for QDs in suspension. Composite silicone films incorporating InP/ZnS (0.27 wt%) QD-bola-LDH hybrids further show remarkable improved photostability relative to pristine QDs. An LED overlay consisting of a blue LED chip and silicone films loaded with QD-bola-LDH hybrids and YAG:Ce phosphors exhibits a color rendering index close to 94.

Published
2021

18. Turnpike Features in Optimal Selection of Species Represented by Quota Models: Extended Proofs

Author

Djema, Walid, Giraldi, Laetitia, Maslovskaya, Sofya, Bernard, Olivier, Biological control of artificial ecosystems (BIOCORE), Inria Sophia Antipolis - Méditerranée (CRISAM), Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Laboratoire d'océanographie de Villefranche (LOV), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de la Mer de Villefranche (IMEV), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de la Mer de Villefranche (IMEV), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Stochastic Approaches for Complex Flows and Environment (CALISTO), Centre de Mise en Forme des Matériaux (CEMEF), MINES ParisTech - École nationale supérieure des mines de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-MINES ParisTech - École nationale supérieure des mines de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Inria Sophia Antipolis - Méditerranée (CRISAM), Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria), University of Paderborn, Laboratoire d'océanographie de Villefranche (LOV), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), This work was supported by the ADEME BioMSA and Maximic ANR projects in France, and also benefited from the support of the ANR PhotoBiofilm Explorer (ANR-20-CE43-0008)., Inria - Sophia Antipolis, ANR-20-CE43-0008,PhotobiofilmExplorer,PhotobiofilmExplorer(2020), Mines Paris - PSL (École nationale supérieure des mines de Paris), and Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Mines Paris - PSL (École nationale supérieure des mines de Paris)

Subjects
photobioreactor, microalgae, [MATH.MATH-DS]Mathematics [math]/Dynamical Systems [math.DS], [MATH.MATH-OC]Mathematics [math]/Optimization and Control [math.OC], strains selection, nonlinear systems, [MATH]Mathematics [math], turnpike properties, Optimal control
Abstract

The paper focuses on a generic optimal control problem (OCP) deriving from the competition between two microbial populations in continuous cultures. The competition for nutrients is reduced to a two-dimensional dynamical nonlinear-system that can be derived from classical quota models. We investigate an OCP that achieves species separation over a fixed time-window, suitable for a large class of empirical growth functions commonly used in quota models. Using Pontryagin’s Maximum Principle (PMP), the optimal control strategy steering the model trajectories is fully characterized. Then, we provide sufficient conditions for the existence of a turnpike property associated with the optimal control and state-trajectories, as well as their respective co-state trajectories. Indeed, we prove that for a sufficiently large time, the optimal strategy achieving strain separation remains most of the time exponentially close to an optimal steady-state defined from an associated simpler static-OCP. This turnpike feature is based on the hyperbolicity of the linearized Hamiltonian-system around the solution of the static-OCP. The obtained theoretical results are then illustrated on microalgae, described by the Droop model in dimension 5. The optimal strategy is numerically computed in Bocop (open source toolbox for optimal control) with direct optimization methods.

Published
2021

19. A Hitchhiker's Guide to Model-Driven Engineering for Data-Centric Systems

Author

Mojtaba Bagherzadeh, Jordi Cabot, Jörg Kienzle, Betty H. C. Cheng, Gunter Mussbacher, Manuel Wimmer, Rijul Saini, Ralf Reussner, Benoit Combemale, Benjamin Benni, Daniel Amyot, Robert Heinrich, Edouard Batot, Gregor Engels, Jean-Michel Bruel, Nelly Bencomo, Houari Sahraoui, June Sallou, Hyacinth Ali, Jean-Marc Jézéquel, Anne Koziolek, Eugene Syriani, Philippe Collet, Sébastien Mosser, Serge Stinckwich, Diversity-centric Software Engineering (DiverSe), Inria Rennes – Bretagne Atlantique, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-LANGAGE ET GÉNIE LOGICIEL (IRISA-D4), Institut de Recherche en Informatique et Systèmes Aléatoires (IRISA), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-IMT Atlantique (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut de Recherche en Informatique et Systèmes Aléatoires (IRISA), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-IMT Atlantique (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT), Smart Modeling for softw@re Research and Technology (IRIT-SM@RT), Institut de recherche en informatique de Toulouse (IRIT), Université Toulouse Capitole (UT Capitole), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Toulouse Mind & Brain Institut (TMBI), Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse Capitole (UT Capitole), Université de Toulouse (UT), McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada], University of Ottawa [Ottawa], Queen's University [Kingston, Canada], Département d'Informatique et de Recherche Opérationnelle [Montreal] (DIRO), Université de Montréal (UdeM), Aston University [Birmingham], COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA), Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), Michigan State University [East Lansing], Michigan State University System, Laboratoire d'Informatique, Signaux, et Systèmes de Sophia-Antipolis (I3S) / Equipe MODALIS, Scalable and Pervasive softwARe and Knowledge Systems (Laboratoire I3S - SPARKS), Laboratoire d'Informatique, Signaux, et Systèmes de Sophia Antipolis (I3S), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (1965 - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (1965 - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Laboratoire d'Informatique, Signaux, et Systèmes de Sophia Antipolis (I3S), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), University of Paderborn, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Université du Québec à Montréal = University of Québec in Montréal (UQAM), United Nations University (UNU), Johannes Kepler Universität Linz - Johannes Kepler University Linz [Autriche] (JKU), Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire (IMT Atlantique), Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), Johannes Kepler University Linz [Linz] (JKU), Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-CentraleSupélec-IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), and Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1)

Subjects
Sociotechnical system, Computer science, business.industry, Group method of data handling, DATA processing & computer science, Software development, 020207 software engineering, 02 engineering and technology, [INFO.INFO-SE]Computer Science [cs]/Software Engineering [cs.SE], Database-centric architecture, Data modeling, Software, Unified Modeling Language, 020204 information systems, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, ddc:004, Model-driven architecture, business, Software engineering, computer, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, computer.programming_language
Abstract

The models and data framework demystifies the different roles that models and data play in software development and operation and clarifies where machine learning and artificial intelligence techniques could be used.

Published
2021

20. Catalytic Deoxygenation of Nitroarenes Mediated by High-Valent Molybdenum(VI)-NHC Complexes

Author

Shenyu Liu, Marc Baltrun, Roland Schoch, Stephan Hohloch, Iskander Douair, J. I. Amaro-Estrada, Laurent Maron, University of Paderborn, Laboratoire de physique et chimie des nano-objets (LPCNO), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut de Chimie de Toulouse (ICT), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Fédération de recherche « Matière et interactions » (FeRMI), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Universität Innsbruck [Innsbruck], Daimler and Benz Foundation, Fonds der Chemischen Industrie, Young Academy of the North Rhine-Westphalian Academy of Sciences, Humanities and the Arts, and University of Innsbruck

Subjects
010405 organic chemistry, Organic Chemistry, chemistry.chemical_element, 010402 general chemistry, 01 natural sciences, Medicinal chemistry, 0104 chemical sciences, Catalysis, Inorganic Chemistry, chemistry.chemical_compound, chemistry, Molybdenum, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-CHEM-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Chemical Physics [physics.chem-ph], Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Carbene, Deoxygenation
Abstract

International audience; The high-valent molybdenum(VI) N-heterocyclic carbene complexes, (NHC)MoO2 (1) and (NHC)MoO(N+Bu) (2) (NHC = 1,3-bis(3,5-di-tert-butyl-2-phenolato)-benzimidazol-2-ylidene), are investigated toward their catalytic potential in the deoxygenation of nitroarenes. Using pinacol as the sacrificial and green reductant, both complexes are shown to be very active (pre)catalysts for this transformation allowing a reduction of the catalyst loading down to 0.25 mol %. Mechanistic investigations show mu-oxo bridged molybdenum(V) complexes [(NHC)MoO](2)O (4) and [(NHC)Mo((NBu)-Bu-t)](2)O (5) as well as zwitterionic pinacolate benzimidazolium complex 6, with a doubly protonated NHC ligand, to be potentially active species in the catalytic cycle. Both 4 and 5 can be prepared independently by the deoxygenation of 1 and 2 using triethyl phosphine (PEt3) or triphenyl phosphine (PPh3) and were shown to exhibit an unusual multireferenced ground state with a very small singlet-triplet gap at room temperature. Computational studies show that the spin state plays an unneglectable role in the catalytic process, efficiently lowering the reaction barrier of the deoxygenation step. Mechanistic details, putting special emphasis on the fate of the catalyst will be presented and potential routes how nitroarene reduction is facilitated are evaluated.

Published
2021

21. Computers and Education – Recognising Opportunities and Managing Challenges

Author

Passey, Don, Brinda, Torsten, Cornu, Bernard, Holvikivi, Jaana, Lewin, Cathy, Magenheim, Johannes, Morel, Raymond, Osorio, Javier, Tatnall, Arthur, Thompson, Barrie, Webb, Mary, Department of Educational Research [Lancaster], Lancaster University, University of Duisburg-Essen, Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), CNED, Helsinki Metropolia University of Applied Sciences, Manchester Metropolitan University (MMU), University of Paderborn, University of Geneva [Switzerland], University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria (ULPGC), Victoria University [Melbourne], University of Sunderland, and King‘s College London

Subjects
Educational technologies, Digital technologies and education, Educational technologies and pedagogical practices, Educational technologies and policy, [INFO]Computer Science [cs], Communication technologies, Professional development and educational technologies, Information technologies, Education and technologies, Educational technologies and research, Educational management and technologies
Abstract

TC 3: Education; International audience; IFIP’s Technical Committee 3 (TC3) is dedicated to concerns about uses of computing and digital technologies in education. TC3 covers the interests of those who are concerned with policy, practice and research in the fields of digital technologies and computing used for educational purposes, whether for management, teaching or learning, and whether by teachers, learners, parents, policy makers, developers, or the wider adult population involved in lifelong learning. This chapter considers the shifting focus of IFIP TC3’s concerns for computing and education over the past 60 years, the reasons for those shifts, and the challenges that educators have faced in developing appropriate uses of computers in their practices. The chapter explores the roles and influences of TC3 conferences, its academic journal, its working groups, and its current task force. Separate sections provide an overview of important TC3 visions and declarations that have highlighted contemporary and future issues, and the status of an evolving declaration focusing on future sustainability and computing. The chapter concludes with an overview of the impact of TC3, and signposts next steps in its ongoing journey.

Published
2021

23. The 2020 Bilingual, Bi-Directional WebNLG+ Shared Task Overview and Evaluation Results (WebNLG+ 2020)

Author

Thiago Castro Ferreira, Gardent, Claire, Ilinykh, Nikolai, Van Der Lee, Chris, Mille, Simon, Moussallem, Diego, Shimorina, Anastasia, Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG), Natural Language Processing : representations, inference and semantics (SYNALP), Department of Natural Language Processing & Knowledge Discovery (LORIA - NLPKD), Laboratoire Lorrain de Recherche en Informatique et ses Applications (LORIA), Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Université de Lorraine (UL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Université de Lorraine (UL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Laboratoire Lorrain de Recherche en Informatique et ses Applications (LORIA), Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Université de Lorraine (UL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Université de Lorraine (UL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Chalmers University of Technology [Gothenburg, Sweden], Tilburg University [Netherlands], Universitat Pompeu Fabra [Barcelona] (UPF), University of Paderborn, Faculté des Sciences et Technologies [Université de Lorraine] (FST ), Université de Lorraine (UL), Language, Communication and Cognition, and Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais = Federal University of Minas Gerais [Belo Horizonte, Brazil] (UFMG)

Subjects
ComputingMethodologies_DOCUMENTANDTEXTPROCESSING, [INFO.INFO-AI]Computer Science [cs]/Artificial Intelligence [cs.AI]
Abstract

WebNLG+ offers two challenges: (i) mapping sets of RDF triples to English or Russian text (generation) and (ii) converting English or Russian text to sets of RDF triples (semantic parsing). Compared to the eponymous WebNLG challenge, WebNLG+ provides an extended dataset that enable the training, evaluation, and comparison of microplanners and semantic parsers. In this paper, we present the results of the generation and semantic parsing task for both English and Russian and provide a brief description of the participating systems., https://aclanthology.org/2020.webnlg-1.7.pdf

Published
2020

24. Proceedings of the 3rd International Workshop on Natural Language Generation from the Semantic Web (WebNLG+)

Author

Ferreira, Thiago Castro, Gardent, Claire, Ilinykh, Nikolai, Lee, Chris van Der, Mille, Simon, Moussallem, Diego, Shimorina, Anastasia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais = Federal University of Minas Gerais [Belo Horizonte, Brazil] (UFMG), Natural Language Processing : representations, inference and semantics (SYNALP), Department of Natural Language Processing & Knowledge Discovery (LORIA - NLPKD), Laboratoire Lorrain de Recherche en Informatique et ses Applications (LORIA), Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Université de Lorraine (UL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Université de Lorraine (UL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Laboratoire Lorrain de Recherche en Informatique et ses Applications (LORIA), Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Université de Lorraine (UL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Université de Lorraine (UL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University of Gothenburg (GU), Tilburg University [Tilburg], Netspar, Universitat Pompeu Fabra [Barcelona] (UPF), University of Paderborn, and Gardent, Claire

Subjects
[INFO]Computer Science [cs], [INFO] Computer Science [cs]
Abstract

International audience

Published
2020

25. ProConAR: A Tool Support for Model-Based AR Product Configuration

Author

Gregor Engels, Sebastian Gottschalk, Enes Yigitbas, Eugen Schmidt, University of Paderborn, Regina Bernhaupt, Carmelo Ardito, Stefan Sauer, TC 13, and WG 13.2

Subjects
Augmented Reality, business.industry, Computer science, Tool support, 05 social sciences, 020207 software engineering, 02 engineering and technology, Object (computer science), Model-based, Configurator, Product (mathematics), 0502 economics and business, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Table (database), Web application, Product configuration, Augmented reality, [INFO]Computer Science [cs], Android (operating system), Software engineering, business, User needs, 050203 business & management
Abstract

Part 4: Poster and Demos; International audience; Mobile shopping apps have been using Augmented Reality (AR) in the last years to place their products in the environment of the customer. While this is possible with atomic 3D objects, there is still a lack in the runtime configuration of 3D object compositions based on user needs and environmental constraints. For this, we previously developed an approach for model-based AR-assisted product configuration based on the concept of Dynamic Software Product Lines. In this demonstration paper, we present the corresponding tool support ProConAR in the form of a Product Modeler and a Product Configurator. While the Product Modeler is an Angular web app that splits products (e.g. table) up into atomic parts (e.g. tabletop, table legs, funnier) and saves it within a configuration model, the Product Configurator is an Android client that uses the configuration model to place different product configurations within the environment of the customer. We show technical details of our ready to use tool-chain ProConAR by describing its implementation and usage as well as pointing out future research directions.

Published
2020

26. Model-Based Product Configuration in Augmented Reality Applications

Author

Enes Yigitbas, Sebastian Gottschalk, Eugen Schmidt, Gregor Engels, University of Paderborn, Regina Bernhaupt, Carmelo Ardito, Stefan Sauer, TC 13, and WG 13.2

Subjects
Focus (computing), Computer science, business.industry, Object composition, 020207 software engineering, 02 engineering and technology, Modular design, Object (computer science), Feature model, Augmented Ueality, Human–computer interaction, Dynamic Software Product Lines, 020204 information systems, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Table (database), Product configuration, Augmented reality, [INFO]Computer Science [cs], Product (category theory), business, Runtime adaptation
Abstract

Part 2: Model-Based and Model-Driven Approaches; International audience; Augmented Reality (AR) has recently found high attention in mobile shopping apps such as in domains like furniture or decoration. Here, the developers of the apps focus on the positioning of atomic 3D objects in the physical environment. With this focus, they neglect the configuration of multi-faceted 3D object composition according to the user needs and environmental constraints. To tackle these challenges, we present a model-based approach to support AR-assisted product configuration based on the concept of Dynamic Software Product Lines. Our approach splits products (e.g. table) into parts (e.g. tabletop, table legs, funnier) with their 3D objects and additional information (e.g. name, price). The possible products, which can be configured out of these parts, are stored in a feature model. At runtime, this feature model can be used to configure 3D object compositions out of the product parts and adapt to user needs and environmental constraints. The benefits of this approach are demonstrated by a case study of configuring modular kitchens with the help of a prototypical mobile-based implementation.

Published
2020

27. Asteroid: the PyTorch-based audio source separation toolkit for researchers

Author

Ariel Frank, Emmanuel Vincent, Fabian-Robert Stöter, Mathieu Hu, Joris Cosentino, Manuel Pariente, Samuele Cornell, Sunit Sivasankaran, David Ditter, Efthymios Tzinis, Juan M. Martín-Doñas, Antoine Deleforge, Michel Olvera, Jens Heitkaemper, Speech Modeling for Facilitating Oral-Based Communication (MULTISPEECH), Inria Nancy - Grand Est, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Department of Natural Language Processing & Knowledge Discovery (LORIA - NLPKD), Laboratoire Lorrain de Recherche en Informatique et ses Applications (LORIA), Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Université de Lorraine (UL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Université de Lorraine (UL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Laboratoire Lorrain de Recherche en Informatique et ses Applications (LORIA), Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Université de Lorraine (UL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Lorraine (UL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Università Politecnica delle Marche [Ancona] (UNIVPM), Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering [Urbana] (University of Illinois), University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign [Urbana], University of Illinois System-University of Illinois System, University of Paderborn, Scientific Data Management (ZENITH), Laboratoire d'Informatique de Robotique et de Microélectronique de Montpellier (LIRMM), Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Inria Sophia Antipolis - Méditerranée (CRISAM), Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria), Universidad de Granada = University of Granada (UGR), University of Hamburg, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology [Haifa], Grid'5000, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Lorraine (UL)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Lorraine (UL)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Laboratoire Lorrain de Recherche en Informatique et ses Applications (LORIA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Lorraine (UL)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Lorraine (UL), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Inria Sophia Antipolis - Méditerranée (CRISAM), and University of Granada [Granada]

Subjects
FOS: Computer and information sciences, Sound (cs.SD), Computer science, open-source software, 020207 software engineering, 02 engineering and technology, [INFO.INFO-SE]Computer Science [cs]/Software Engineering [cs.SE], end-to-end, Computer Science - Sound, [INFO.INFO-AI]Computer Science [cs]/Artificial Intelligence [cs.AI], Speech enhancement, Computer engineering, [INFO.INFO-LG]Computer Science [cs]/Machine Learning [cs.LG], Audio and Speech Processing (eess.AS), Asteroid, source separation, [INFO.INFO-SD]Computer Science [cs]/Sound [cs.SD], FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Source separation, 020201 artificial intelligence & image processing, speech enhancement, Software architecture, Electrical Engineering and Systems Science - Audio and Speech Processing
Abstract

This paper describes Asteroid, the PyTorch-based audio source separation toolkit for researchers. Inspired by the most successful neural source separation systems, it provides all neural building blocks required to build such a system. To improve reproducibility, Kaldi-style recipes on common audio source separation datasets are also provided. This paper describes the software architecture of Asteroid and its most important features. By showing experimental results obtained with Asteroid's recipes, we show that our implementations are at least on par with most results reported in reference papers. The toolkit is publicly available at https://github.com/mpariente/asteroid ., Submitted to Interspeech 2020

Published
2020

28. Towards an Assessment Grid for Intelligent Modeling Assistance

Author

Gregor Engels, Jörg Kienzle, Martin Weyssow, Nelly Bencomo, Gunter Mussbacher, Thomas Kühn, Benoit Combemale, Silvia Abrahão, Houari Sahraoui, Loli Burgueño, Sébastien Mosser, McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada], Diversity-centric Software Engineering (DiverSe), Inria Rennes – Bretagne Atlantique, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-LANGAGE ET GÉNIE LOGICIEL (IRISA-D4), Institut de Recherche en Informatique et Systèmes Aléatoires (IRISA), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-IMT Atlantique (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut de Recherche en Informatique et Systèmes Aléatoires (IRISA), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-IMT Atlantique (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT), Smart Modeling for softw@re Research and Technology (IRIT-SM@RT), Institut de recherche en informatique de Toulouse (IRIT), Université Toulouse Capitole (UT Capitole), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Toulouse Mind & Brain Institut (TMBI), Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse Capitole (UT Capitole), Université de Toulouse (UT), Universitat Politècnica de València (UPV), Aston University [Birmingham], Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Universitat Oberta de Catalunya [Barcelona] (UOC), University of Paderborn, Karlsruher Institut für Technologie (KIT), Université du Québec à Montréal = University of Québec in Montréal (UQAM), Département d'Informatique et de Recherche Opérationnelle [Montreal] (DIRO), Université de Montréal (UdeM), Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-CentraleSupélec-IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), and Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées

Subjects
Model-based software engineering, Artificial intelligence, Computer science, 02 engineering and technology, Intelligent Modeling Assistance, [INFO.INFO-SE]Computer Science [cs]/Software Engineering [cs.SE], Intelligent modeling assistance, Feedback, Artificial Intelligence, 020204 information systems, Factor (programming language), 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Selection (genetic algorithm), computer.programming_language, Integrated Development Environment, business.industry, 020207 software engineering, Grid, Model-Based Software Engineering, Intelligent modeling, Assessment levels, Integrated development environment, Software engineering, business, computer, LENGUAJES Y SISTEMAS INFORMATICOS, Assessment Levels, Cognitive load
Abstract

International audience; The ever-growing complexity of systems, the growing number of stakeholders, and the corresponding continuous emergence of new domain-specific modeling abstractions has led to significantly higher cognitive load on modelers. There is an urgent need to provide modelers with better, more Intelligent Modeling Assistants (IMAs). An important factor to consider is the ability to assess and compare, to learn from existing and inform future IMAs, while potentially combining them. Recently, a conceptual Reference Framework for Intelligent Modeling Assistance (RF-IMA) was proposed. RF-IMA defines the main required components and high-level properties of IMAs. In this paper, we present a detailed, level-wise definition for the properties of RF-IMA to enable a better understanding, comparison, and selection of existing and future IMAs. The proposed levels are a first step towards a comprehensive assessment grid for intelligent modeling assistance. For an initial validation of the proposed levels, we assess the existing landscape of intelligent modeling assistance and three future scenarios of intelligent modeling assistance against these levels. • General and reference → Evaluation; • Software and its engineering → Model-driven software engineering; Abstraction , modeling and modularity; Integrated and visual development environments; Application specific development environments .

Published
2020

35. 'I only know the absolute value function' – About students' concept images and example spaces concerning continuity and differentiability

Author

Lankeit, Elisa, Biehler, Rolf, Mathematisches Institut der Universität Paderborn, University of Paderborn, Université de Carthage, Université de Montpellier, and Sciencesconf.org, CCSD

Subjects
Teaching and learning of analysis and calculus, [SHS.EDU]Humanities and Social Sciences/Education, [SHS.EDU] Humanities and Social Sciences/Education, epistemological studies of mathematical topics
Abstract

International audience; We analyse students' work on a task concerning relations of various concepts of differentiability in to find out about their concept images about continuous but non-differentiable functions other than the prototypical examples of functions with a “cusp” like the absolute value function. We identify different types of continuous, non-differentiable functions and show which types seem to be more accessible for the students than others. We use a study with sixteen students in an Analysis-II-course at a German university.

Published
2020

36. Neural Representation and Learning of Hierarchical 2-additive Choquet Integrals

Author

Christophe Labreuche, Michèle Sebag, Johanne Cohen, Eyke Hüllermeier, Roman Bresson, Graphes, Algorithmes et Combinatoire (LRI) (GALaC - LRI), Laboratoire de Recherche en Informatique (LRI), CentraleSupélec-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-CentraleSupélec-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Thales Research and Technology [Palaiseau], THALES [France], CentraleSupélec-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Universität Paderborn (UPB), TAckling the Underspecified (TAU), Inria Saclay - Ile de France, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Laboratoire de Recherche en Informatique (LRI), THALES, and University of Paderborn

Subjects
Computer science, Preference Modelling and Preference-Based Reasoning, 0211 other engineering and technologies, [SCCO.COMP]Cognitive science/Computer science, 02 engineering and technology, Machine learning, computer.software_genre, [INFO.INFO-AI]Computer Science [cs]/Artificial Intelligence [cs.AI], 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, [INFO]Computer Science [cs], Learning Preferences or Rankings, Preference Modelling and Preference-Based Reasoning, Utility Theory, Knowledge-based Learning, Representation (mathematics), ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Interpretability, 021103 operations research, Learning Preferences or Rankings, business.industry, Utility Theory, [INFO.INFO-RO]Computer Science [cs]/Operations Research [cs.RO], Multiple-criteria decision analysis, Identification (information), Knowledge-based Learning, Choquet integral, 020201 artificial intelligence & image processing, Artificial intelligence, Marginal utility, business, computer
Abstract

International audience; Multi-Criteria Decision Making (MCDM) aims at modelling expert preferences and assisting decision makers in identifying options best accommodating expert criteria. An instance of MCDM model, the Choquet integral is widely used in real-world applications, due to its ability to capture interactions between criteria while retaining interpretability. Aimed at a better scalability and modularity, hierarchical Choquet integrals involve intermediate aggregations of the interacting criteria, at the cost of a more complex elicitation. The paper presents a machine learning-based approach for the automatic identification of hierarchical MCDM models, composed of 2-additive Choquet integral aggregators and of marginal utility functions on the raw features from data reflecting expert preferences. The proposed NEUR-HCI framework relies on a specific neural architecture, enforcing by design the Choquet model constraints and supporting its end-to-end training. The empirical validation of NEUR-HCI on real-world and artificial benchmarks demonstrates the merits of the approach compared to state-of-art baselines.

Published
2020

37. Defining and Verifying Durable Opacity: Correctness for Persistent Software Transactional Memory

Author

Heike Wehrheim, Gerhard Schellhorn, Brijesh Dongol, John Derrick, Simon Doherty, Eleni Bila, University of Surrey (UNIS), University of Sheffield [Sheffield], University of Augsburg [Augsburg], University of Paderborn, Alexey Gotsman, Ana Sokolova, TC 6, and WG 6.1

Subjects
FOS: Computer and information sciences, Computer Science - Logic in Computer Science, Correctness, Linearizability, Computer science, 0102 computer and information sciences, 02 engineering and technology, Software_PROGRAMMINGTECHNIQUES, computer.software_genre, 01 natural sciences, Article, [INFO.INFO-NI]Computer Science [cs]/Networking and Internet Architecture [cs.NI], 020204 information systems, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Concurrent computing, [INFO]Computer Science [cs], AKA, Power loss, Computer Science - Programming Languages, Programming language, Concurrent data structure, Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO), Computer Science - Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing, 010201 computation theory & mathematics, Software transactional memory, Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC), ddc:004, computer, Programming Languages (cs.PL)
Abstract

Non-volatile memory (NVM), aka persistent memory, is a new paradigm for memory that preserves its contents even after power loss. The expected ubiquity of NVM has stimulated interest in the design of novel concepts ensuring correctness of concurrent programming abstractions in the face of persistency. So far, this has lead to the design of a number of persistent concurrent data structures, built to satisfy an associated notion of correctness: durable linearizability. In this paper, we transfer the principle of durable concurrent correctness to the area of software transactional memory (STM). Software transactional memory algorithms allow for concurrent access to shared state. Like linearizability for concurrent data structures, opacity is the established notion of correctness for STMs. First, we provide a novel definition of durable opacity extending opacity to handle crashes and recovery in the context of NVM. Second, we develop a durably opaque version of an existing STM algorithm, namely the Transactional Mutex Lock (TML). Third, we design a proof technique for durable opacity based on refinement between TML and an operational characterisation of durable opacity by adapting the TMS2 specification. Finally, we apply this proof technique to show that the durable version of TML is indeed durably opaque. The correctness proof is mechanized within Isabelle., Comment: This is the full version of the paper that is to appear in FORTE 2020 (https://www.discotec.org/2020/forte)

Published
2020

39. Opportunities in Intelligent Modeling Assistance

Author

Nelly Bencomo, Hyacinth Ali, Gregor Engels, Martin Weyssow, Silvia Abrahão, Houari Sahraoui, Eugene Syriani, Benoit Combemale, Pierre Jeanjean, Márton Búr, Jörg Kienzle, Jean-Marc Jézéquel, Thomas Kühn, Loli Burgueño, Gunter Mussbacher, Sébastien Mosser, Dániel Varró, McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada], Smart Modeling for softw@re Research and Technology (IRIT-SM@RT), Institut de recherche en informatique de Toulouse (IRIT), Université Toulouse Capitole (UT Capitole), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Toulouse Mind & Brain Institut (TMBI), Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse Capitole (UT Capitole), Université de Toulouse (UT), Diversity-centric Software Engineering (DiverSe), Inria Rennes – Bretagne Atlantique, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-LANGAGE ET GÉNIE LOGICIEL (IRISA-D4), Institut de Recherche en Informatique et Systèmes Aléatoires (IRISA), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-IMT Atlantique (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut de Recherche en Informatique et Systèmes Aléatoires (IRISA), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-IMT Atlantique (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT), School of Computer Science [Montréal], Universitat Politècnica de València (UPV), Aston University [Birmingham], Universitat Oberta de Catalunya [Barcelona] (UOC), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), University of Paderborn, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Université du Québec à Montréal = University of Québec in Montréal (UQAM), Département d'Informatique et de Recherche Opérationnelle [Montreal] (DIRO), Université de Montréal (UdeM), Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-CentraleSupélec-IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), and Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1)

Subjects
Flexibility (engineering), Model-based software engineering, Artificial intelligence, Development data, Computer science, media_common.quotation_subject, 020207 software engineering, 02 engineering and technology, [INFO.INFO-SE]Computer Science [cs]/Software Engineering [cs.SE], Intelligent modeling assistance, Data science, Intelligent modeling, Adaptability, Feedback, Comprehension, Modeling and Simulation, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Integrated development environment, LENGUAJES Y SISTEMAS INFORMATICOS, Software, Cognitive load, media_common
Abstract

[EN] Modeling is requiring increasingly larger efforts while becoming indispensable given the complexity of the problems we are solving. Modelers face high cognitive load to understand a multitude of complex abstractions and their relationships. There is an urgent need to better support tool builders to ultimately provide modelers with intelligent modeling assistance that learns from previous modeling experiences, automatically derives modeling knowledge, and provides context-aware assistance. However, current intelligent modeling assistants (IMAs) lack adaptability and flexibility for tool builders, and do not facilitate understanding the differences and commonalities of IMAs for modelers. Such a patchwork of limited IMAs is a lost opportunity to provide modelers with better support for the creative and rigorous aspects of software engineering. In this expert voice, we present a conceptual reference framework (RF-IMA) and its properties to identify the foundations for intelligent modeling assistance. For tool builders, RF-IMA aims to help build IMAs more systematically. For modelers, RF-IMA aims to facilitate comprehension, comparison, and integration of IMAs, and ultimately to provide more intelligent support. We envision a momentum in the modeling community that leads to the implementation of RF-IMA and consequently future IMAs. We identify open challenges that need to be addressed to realize the opportunities provided by intelligent modeling assistance.

Published
2020

40. Interferometric method for determining the losses of spatially multi-mode nonlinear waveguides based on second harmonic generation

Author

Matteo Santandrea, Michael Stefszky, Ganaël Roeland, Christine Silberhorn, University of Paderborn, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel (LKB (Jussieu)), Fédération de recherche du Département de physique de l'Ecole Normale Supérieure - ENS Paris (FRDPENS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), and Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Lithium niobate, FOS: Physical sciences, Physics::Optics, 02 engineering and technology, 01 natural sciences, Waveguide (optics), 010309 optics, chemistry.chemical_compound, Optics, 0103 physical sciences, Physics, [PHYS]Physics [physics], Quantum Physics, Birefringence, business.industry, Second-harmonic generation, Fresnel equations, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, Wavelength, Interferometry, chemistry, Harmonic, 0210 nano-technology, business, Quantum Physics (quant-ph), Optics (physics.optics), Physics - Optics
Abstract

The characterisation of loss in optical waveguides is essential in understanding the performance of these devices and their limitations. Whilst interferometric-based methods generally provide the best results for low-loss waveguides, they are almost exclusively used to provide characterization in cases where the waveguide is spatially single-mode. Here, we introduce a Fabry-P\'erot-based scheme to estimate the losses of a nonlinear (birefringent or quasi-phase matched) waveguide at a wavelength where it is multi-mode. The method involves measuring the generated second harmonic power as the pump wavelength is scanned over the phasematching region. Furthermore, it is shown that this method allows one to infer the losses of different second harmonic spatial modes by scanning the pump field over the separated phase matching spectra. By fitting the measured phasematching spectra from a titanium indiffused lithium niobate waveguide sample to the model presented in this paper, it is shown that one can estimate the second harmonic losses of a single spatial-mode, at wavelengths where the waveguides are spatially multi-mode., Comment: 14 pages, 6 figures

Published
2020

41. Organic Light‐Emitting Diodes Based on a Columnar Liquid‐Crystalline Perylene Emitter

Author

Malte C. Gather, Heinz Kitzerow, Emily Archer, Harald Bock, Chang-Min Keum, Caroline Murawski, David Becker, Organic Semiconductor Centre [St Andrews] (OSC), School of Chemistry [University of St Andrews], University of St Andrews [Scotland]-University of St Andrews [Scotland]-SUPA School of Physics and Astronomy [University of St Andrews], University of St Andrews [Scotland]-Scottish Universities Physics Alliance (SUPA)-Scottish Universities Physics Alliance (SUPA), Department Chemie Paderborn University, Centre de Recherche Paul Pascal (CRPP), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University of Paderborn, University of St Andrews. Sir James Mackenzie Institute for Early Diagnosis, University of St Andrews. Centre for Biophotonics, University of St Andrews. Biomedical Sciences Research Complex, and University of St Andrews. School of Physics and Astronomy

Subjects
Materials science, 02 engineering and technology, 010402 general chemistry, 01 natural sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, OLED, Perylene, QC, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Common emitter, Discotic liquid crystals, Liquid crystalline, Discotic liquid crystal, Transition dipole moment orientation, DAS, [CHIM.MATE]Chemical Sciences/Material chemistry, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Engineering physics, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, 0104 chemical sciences, Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials, QC Physics, chemistry, Christian ministry, 0210 nano-technology, High brightness
Abstract

Funding: UK EPSRC NSF-CBET lead agency agreement (EP/R010595/1, 1706207). C.K. acknowledges support from the Basic Science Research Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) funded by the Ministry of Education (2017R1A6A3A03012331). Liquid crystalline materials possess great potential as emitters in organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) due to their self-assembling property, which may lead to anisotropic films and improved charge transport. Here, we investigate key photophysical properties of the columnar liquid crystalline emitter perylene-3,4,9,10-tetracarboxylic tetraethyl ester (PTCTE) and implement the material into OLEDs. We find that vacuum-deposited PTCTE films exhibit preferential horizontal orientation of the transition dipole moment. Embedding the emitter into different host materials leads to increased photoluminescence quantum yield but reduces molecular orientation compared to the neat film. OLEDs containing PTCTE doped into an exciplex-forming co-host achieve very high luminance exceeding 10,000 cd m-2 at 5.7 V, which is amongst the best performance of OLEDs based on columnar liquid crystalline emitters reported so far. Publisher PDF

Published
2020

43. Learning from Imprecise Data: Adjustments of Optimistic and Pessimistic Variants

Author

Inés Couso, Sébastien Destercke, Eyke Hüllermeier, University of Paderborn, Heuristique et Diagnostic des Systèmes Complexes [Compiègne] (Heudiasyc), Université de Technologie de Compiègne (UTC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Universidad de Oviedo [Oviedo]

Subjects
Computer science, media_common.quotation_subject, 02 engineering and technology, 010501 environmental sciences, Pessimism, Machine learning, computer.software_genre, 01 natural sciences, [INFO.INFO-AI]Computer Science [cs]/Artificial Intelligence [cs.AI], Data Adjustments, [STAT.ML]Statistics [stat]/Machine Learning [stat.ML], 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Loss minimization, [INFO]Computer Science [cs], Model choice, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, media_common, business.industry, Interpretation (philosophy), Complement (complexity), [STAT]Statistics [stat], 020201 artificial intelligence & image processing, Artificial intelligence, business, computer
Abstract

The problem of learning from imprecise data has recently attracted increasing attention, and various methods to tackle this problem have been proposed. In this paper, we discuss and compare two quite opposite approaches, an “optimistic” one that interprets imprecise data in a way that is most favourable for a candidate model, and a “pessimistic” one in which model choice is guided by the most unfavourable interpretation. To avoid an overly extreme behaviour, a modified version of the latter has recently been proposed, which we complement by an adjusted version of the optimistic approach. By presenting the various methods within a common (loss minimization) framework and discussing illustrative examples, we hope to provide some insight into important properties and differences, thereby paving the way for a more formal analysis.

Published
2019

44. Epistemic Uncertainty Sampling

Author

Vu-Linh Nguyen, Sébastien Destercke, Eyke Hüllermeier, Heuristique et Diagnostic des Systèmes Complexes [Compiègne] (Heudiasyc), Université de Technologie de Compiègne (UTC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University of Paderborn, and Laboratoire d'Excellence 'Maîtrise des Systèmes de Systèmes Technologiques' (Labex MS2T)

Subjects
FOS: Computer and information sciences, Computer Science - Machine Learning, Computer science, Machine Learning (stat.ML), 02 engineering and technology, Machine learning, computer.software_genre, Machine Learning (cs.LG), [INFO.INFO-AI]Computer Science [cs]/Artificial Intelligence [cs.AI], [STAT.ML]Statistics [stat]/Machine Learning [stat.ML], [INFO.INFO-LG]Computer Science [cs]/Machine Learning [cs.LG], Statistics - Machine Learning, 020204 information systems, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Entropy (information theory), Uncertainty quantification, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Conjecture, business.industry, Probabilistic logic, Active learning, 020201 artificial intelligence & image processing, Artificial intelligence, Aleatoric music, business, computer
Abstract

Various strategies for active learning have been proposed in the machine learning literature. In uncertainty sampling, which is among the most popular approaches, the active learner sequentially queries the label of those instances for which its current prediction is maximally uncertain. The predictions as well as the measures used to quantify the degree of uncertainty, such as entropy, are almost exclusively of a probabilistic nature. In this paper, we advocate a distinction between two different types of uncertainty, referred to as epistemic and aleatoric, in the context of active learning. Roughly speaking, these notions capture the reducible and the irreducible part of the total uncertainty in a prediction, respectively. We conjecture that, in uncertainty sampling, the usefulness of an instance is better reflected by its epistemic than by its aleatoric uncertainty. This leads us to suggest the principle of "epistemic uncertainty sampling", which we instantiate by means of a concrete approach for measuring epistemic and aleatoric uncertainty. In experimental studies, epistemic uncertainty sampling does indeed show promising performance., Draft version of a paper to be published in the proceedings of DS 2019, 22nd International Conference on Discovery Science, Split, Croatia, 2019

Published
2019

45. Global distribution of earthworm diversity

Author

André L.C. Franco, Michiel Rutgers, Miguel Á. Rodríguez, Thomas W. Crowther, Helen Phillips, Tunsisa T. Hurisso, Olaf Schmidt, Matthew W. Warren, Shishir Paudel, Michael B. Wironen, Mónica Gutiérrez López, Basil V. Iannone, Aidan M. Keith, Amy Choi, Esperanza Huerta Lwanga, Boris Schröder, Olga Ferlian, Jaswinder Singh, Javier Rodeiro-Iglesias, Martin Holmstrup, Geoff H. Baker, Yahya Kooch, Rosa Fernández, Konstantin B. Gongalsky, Lindsey Norgrove, Eric Blanchart, Madhav P. Thakur, Felicity Crotty, Steven J. Vanek, Thomas Bolger, Jan Hendrik Moos, Guillaume Xavier Rousseau, Marie Luise Carolina Bartz, Iñigo Virto, Michael Steinwandter, Kelly S. Ramirez, Veikko Huhta, Ulrich Brose, Michel Loreau, Davorka K. Hackenberger, David J. Russell, Loes van Schaik, Salvador Rebollo, Jonatan Klaminder, Gerardo Moreno, Benjamin Schwarz, Julia Seeber, Yvan Capowiez, David A. Wardle, Bernd Blossey, Franciska T. de Vries, Christoph Emmerling, Robert L. Bradley, Courtland Kelly, Liliana B. Falco, Alexander M. Roth, Michael J. Gundale, Radim Matula, Andrea Dávalos, Lorenzo Pérez-Camacho, Johan Neirynck, Monika Joschko, Marta Novo, Dolores Trigo, Jérôme Mathieu, Adrian A. Wackett, Anne W. de Valença, Elizabeth M. Bach, Daniel R. Lammel, Devin Routh, Madalina Iordache, Luis M. Hernández, Johan Pansu, Juan B. Jesús Lidón, Alejandro Morón-Ríos, Maxim Shashkov, Ehsan Sayad, Martine Fugère, Nobuhiro Kaneko, Mark E. Caulfield, Klaus Birkhofer, Wim H. van der Putten, Iurii M. Lebedev, Alberto Orgiazzi, Miwa Arai, H. Lalthanzara, Raphaël Marichal, Andrew R. Holdsworth, Steven J. Fonte, Maria J. I. Briones, Raúl Piñeiro, Jean-François Ponge, Nick van Eekeren, Takuo Hishi, Julia Krebs, Joanne M. Bennett, George G. Brown, Birgitta König-Ries, Carlos Fragoso, Victoria Nuzzo, Anna Rożen, Scott R. Loss, Bart Muys, Bryant C. Scharenbroch, Michael Schirrmann, Radoslava Kanianska, Irina V. Zenkova, Maria Kernecker, Abegail T Fusilero, Sandy M. Smith, Shaieste Gholami, Robin Beauséjour, Mac A. Callaham, Nathaniel H. Wehr, Yiqing Li, Kristine N. Hopfensperger, Mujeeb Rahman P, Andrés Esteban Duhour, Erin K. Cameron, Diana H. Wall, Muhammad Rashid, José Antonio Talavera, Matthias C. Rillig, Armand W. Koné, Johan van den Hoogen, Darío J. Díaz Cosín, Anahí Domínguez, Thibaud Decaëns, Fredrick O. Ayuke, Carlos A. Guerra, Guénola Pérès, Volkmar Wolters, Jiro Tsukamoto, Nico Eisenhauer, José Camilo Bedano, Weixin Zhang, Noa Kekuewa Lincoln, Visa Nuutinen, Joann K. Whalen, Christian Mulder, Sanna T. Kukkonen, German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv), Universidade Positivo, Departamento de Ecología y Biología Animal, Universidad de Vigo, Crowther Lab, Institute of Integrative Biology, ETH Zürich, A.N. Severtsov Institute of Ecology and Evolution, Russian Academy of Sciences [Moscow] (RAS), JRC Institute for Environment and Sustainability (IES), European Commission - Joint Research Centre [Ispra] (JRC), Department of Biology [Fort Collins], Colorado State University [Fort Collins] (CSU), German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research, Étude et compréhension de la biodiversité (ECODIV), Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU), Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena, Station d'écologie théorique et expérimentale (SETE), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut d'écologie et des sciences de l'environnement de Paris (IEES), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Department of Terrestrial Ecology, Netherlands Institute of Ecology (NIOO-KNAW), Berlin-Brandenburg Institute of Advanced Biodiversity Research (BBIB), National Institute for Public Health and the Environment [Bilthoven] (RIVM), Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UMR210, School of Biology and Environmental Science, University College Dublin [Dublin] (UCD), Unité de recherche Plantes et Systèmes de Culture Horticoles (PSH), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Centro International de Agricultura Tropical, Red de Biodiversidad y Sistemática, Instituto de Ecología, Department of Terrestrial Ecology, Fluides, automatique, systèmes thermiques (FAST), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Biogéochimie et écologie des milieux continentaux (Bioemco), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-AgroParisTech-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Universidad de Extremadura (UEX), Division of Forest, Nature and Landscape, Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences [Leuven] (EES), Catholic University of Leuven - Katholieke Universiteit Leuven (KU Leuven)-Catholic University of Leuven - Katholieke Universiteit Leuven (KU Leuven), Laboratoire d'Ecologie Alpine (LECA), Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Sol Agro et hydrosystème Spatialisation (SAS), AGROCAMPUS OUEST-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), University of Vigo [ Pontevedra], Centre d'Ecologie et des Sciences de la COnservation (CESCO), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Center of Excellence in Environmental Studies, King Abdulaziz University, Dept Ciencias Vida, Universidad de Alcalá - University of Alcalá (UAH), Faculty of Business Administration and Economics, DS&OR-Lab, University of Paderborn, Laboratoire d'oncogénétique moléculaire, Mountain Agriculture Research Unit, University of Innsbruck, Independent, Universidad Pública de Navarra [Espagne] (UPNA), McGill University, Department of Animal Ecology and Systematics, Justus-Liebig-Universität Gießen (JLU), Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Université de Leipzig, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AGROCAMPUS OUEST, Leipzig University, Martin-Luther-Universität Halle Wittenberg (MLU), Universidade de Vigo, Embrapa Forestry, Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation (Embrapa), Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule - Swiss Federal Institute of Technology [Zürich] (ETH Zürich), M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Department of Biometry and Environmental System Analysis, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Institute of Biodiversity, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Centre d’Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Evolutive (CEFE), Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UPVM)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institute of Computer Science, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut d'écologie et des sciences de l'environnement de Paris (iEES), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Università degli studi di Catania = University of Catania (Unict), Department of Terrestrial Ecology [Wageningen], Netherlands Institute of Ecology (NIOO-KNAW), Laboratory of Nematology, Department of Plant Sciences, Wageningen University & Research, Freie Universität Berlin, Senckenberg Museum of Natural History Görlitz, Senckenberg – Leibniz Institution for Biodiversity and Earth System Research - Senckenberg Gesellschaft für Naturforschung, Leibniz Association-Leibniz Association, Global Soil Biodiversity Initiative and School of Global Environmental Sustainability, Colorado State University, Asian School of the Environment (ASE), Nanyang Technological University [Singapour], Institute for Agro-Environmental Sciences, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, Department of Land Resource Management and Agricultural technology (LARMAT), College of 80 Agriculture and Veterinary Sciences, University of Nairobi (LARMAT), CSIRO Health & Biosecurity, Département de biologie [Sherbrooke] (UdeS), Faculté des sciences [Sherbrooke] (UdeS), Université de Sherbrooke (UdeS)-Université de Sherbrooke (UdeS), Geology Department, FCEFQyN, ICBIA-CONICET (National Scientific and Technical Research Council), National University of Río Cuarto, Department of Ecology, Brandenburg University of Technology, Ecologie fonctionnelle et biogéochimie des sols et des agro-écosystèmes (UMR Eco&Sols), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Department of Natural Resources, Cornell University, Cornell University [New York], UCD Earth Institute, University College Dublin, USDA Forest Service, Southern Research Station, Environnement Méditerranéen et Modélisation des Agro-Hydrosystèmes (EMMAH), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Avignon Université (AU), Farming Systems Ecology, Wageningen University and Research, Faculty of Forestry, University of Toronto, Institute of Biological, Environmental & Rural Sciences, Aberystwyth University, Department of Biological Sciences, SUNY Cortland, Department of Biodiversity, Ecology and Evolution [Madrid], Universidad Complutense de Madrid = Complutense University of Madrid [Madrid] (UCM), Laboratorio de Ecología, Instituto de Ecología y Desarrollo Sustentable, Universidad Nacional de Luján, Louis Bolk Institute (LBI), Department of Soil Science, Faculty of Regional & Environmental Sciences, University of Trier, Ciencias Básicas, Instituto de Ecología y Desarrollo Sustentable -INEDES, Universidad Nacional de Lujan, Institut de Biologia Evolutiva [Barcelona] (IBE / UPF - CSIC), Universitat Pompeu Fabra [Barcelona] (UPF), Department of Soil and Crop Sciences, Colorado State University, Biodiversity and Systematic Network, Instituto de Ecología A.C., Department of Biological Science and Environmental Studies, University of the Philippines - Mindanao, Natural Resources Department, Razi University, Department of Forest Ecology and Management, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU), Department of Biology, J. J. Strossmayer University of Osijek, Agricultural Engineering, Postgraduate Program in Agroecology, Maranhão State University, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, Minnesota Pollution Control Agency, Department of Bioscience, Aarhus University, Biological Sciences, Northern Kentucky University, Agricultura Sociedad y Ambiente, El Colegio de la Frontera Sur, Soil Physics and Land Management degradation, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen University, Department of Biological and Environmental Science [Jyväskylä Univ] (JYU), University of Jyväskylä (JYU), College of Agriculture, Environmental and Human Sciences, Lincoln University of Missouri, School of Forest Resources and Conservation [Gainesville] (UF|IFAS|FFGS), Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences [Gainesville] (UF|IFAS), University of Florida [Gainesville] (UF)-University of Florida [Gainesville] (UF), Sustainable Development and Environment Engineering, Banat's University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine 'King Michael the 1st of Romania', Experimental Infrastructure Platform, Leibniz Centre for Agricultural Landscape Research (ZALF), Faculty of Food and Agricultural Sciences, Fukushima University, Matej Bel University (UMB), Centre for Ecology and Hydrology [Lancaster] (CEH), Natural Environment Research Council (NERC), Land Use and Governance, Leibniz Centre for Agricultural Landscape Research (ZALF), Climate Impacts Research Centre (CIRC), Umeå University, UR Gestion Durable des Sols, UFR Sciences de la Nature, Université Nangui Abrogoua, Tarbiat Modares University [Tehran], Natural Resources Institute Finland (LUKE), Department of Zoology, Pachhunga University College, Soil Science, ESALQ-USP, Universidade de São Paulo, College of Agriculture, Forestry and Natural Resource Management, University of Hawaii at Hilo, Tropical Plant and Soil Sciences, College of Tropical Agriculture and Human Resources, University of Hawai‘i at Mānoa, Department of Natural Resource Ecology and Management, Oklahoma State University, Performance des systèmes de culture des plantes pérennes (UPR Système de pérennes), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad), Department of Forest Ecology, Faculty of Forestry and Wood Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague (CZU), Department of Soil and Environment, Forest Research Institute of Baden-Wuerttemberg, Thuenen-Institute of Organic Farming, Forestry School - INDEHESA, University of Extremadura, Conservación de la Biodiversidad, El Colegio de la Frontera Sur, Catholic University of Leuven - Katholieke Universiteit Leuven (KU Leuven), Research Institute for Nature and Forest, Research Institute for Nature and Forest (INBO), School of Agricultural, Forest and Food Sciences, Bern University of Applied Sciences (BFH), Natural Area Consultants, Department of Zoology, Pocker Sahib Memorial Orphanage College, CSIRO Ocean & Atmosphere, CSIRO, Adaptation et diversité en milieu marin (AD2M), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Station biologique de Roscoff (SBR), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Ecology and Forest Restoration Group, Department of Life Sciences, University of Alcalá, Computing, ESEI, Vigo, Mécanismes Adaptatifs et Evolution (MECADEV), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre of Excellence in Environmental Studies, King Abdulaziz University, Environmental Sciences, COMSATS University, Life Sciences, Sciences Faculty, University of Alcalá, University of Minnesota [Twin Cities] (UMN), University of Minnesota System, Friends of the Mississippi River, Postgraduate Program in Biodiversity and Conservation, Federal University of Maranhão, Uniwersytet Jagielloński w Krakowie = Jagiellonian University (UJ), Institute of Ecology, Technical University of Berlin, College of Natural Resources, University of Wisconsin, Engineering for Crop Production, Leibniz Institute for Agricultural Engineering and Bioeconomy (ATB), UCD School of Agriculture and Food Science, University College Dublin, Landscape Ecology and Environmental Systems Analysis, Institute of Geoecology, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Universität Innsbruck [Innsbruck], Institute for Alpine Environment, Eurac Research, Laboratory of Ecosystem Modelling, Institute of Physicochemical and Biological Problems in Soil Sciences, Russian Academy of Science, Laboratory of Computational Ecology, Institute of Mathematical Problems of Biology RAS – the Branch of Keldysh Institute of Applied Mathematics of Russian Academy of Sciences, Post Graduate Department of Zoology, Khalsa College Amritsar, John H. Daniels Faculty of Architecture, Landscape and Design, University of Toronto, Universidad de La Laguna [Tenerife - SP] (ULL), Faculty of Agriculture, Kochi University, Food & Agriculture, WWF-Netherlands, Universidad Pública de Navarra [Espagne] = Public University of Navarra (UPNA), Soil, Water and Climate, University of Minnesota, Earth Innovation Institute, Department of Natural Resources & Environmental Management, University of Hawai'i at Mānoa, Natural Resource Sciences, McGill University, McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada], The Nature Conservancy, Justus-Liebig-Universität Gießen = Justus Liebig University (JLU), Laboratory of Terrestrial Ecosystems, Kola Science Centre, Institute of the North Industrial Ecology Problems, Key Laboratory of Geospatial Technology for the Middle and Lower Yellow River Regions (Henan University), Ministry of Education, College of Environment and Planning, Henan University, Department of Environmental Science, Saint Mary’s University, Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences [Helsinki], Helsingin yliopisto = Helsingfors universitet = University of Helsinki, ANR-11-IDEX-0002,UNITI,Université Fédérale de Toulouse(2011), Institute of Biology, Leipzig University, Institute of Biology, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UPVM)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud]), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), Department of Biological, Geological and Environmental Sciences, University of Catania, Institute of Biology, Freie Universität Berlin, Senckenberg Museum for Natural History Görlitz, Department of Soil Zoology, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), Faculty of Natural Resources & Marine Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Production Systems, Horticulture Technologies, Natural Resources Institute Finland, Soil Ecosystems, Natural Resources Institute Finland (Luke), Station biologique de Roscoff (SBR), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), AGROCAMPUS OUEST, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Departamento de Informática, Escuela Superior de Ingeniería Informática, Universidad de Vigo, Institute of Environmental Sciences, Jagiellonian University, Department of Ecology, University of Innsbruck, Department of Animal Biology (Zoology area), Science Faculty, University of La Laguna, Dpto. Ciencias, IS-FOOD, Universidad Pública de Navarra, Department of Animal Ecology, Justus Liebig University, University of Helsinki, German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Department of Biology, Colorado State University, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Lomonosov Moscow State University (MSU), Friedrich-Schiller-Universität = Friedrich Schiller University Jena [Jena, Germany], Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UPVM)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Wageningen University and Research [Wageningen] (WUR), National Agriculture and Food Research Organization (NARO), University of Nairobi (UoN), Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation [Canberra] (CSIRO), National University of Río Cuarto = Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto (UNRC), Brandenburg University of Technology [Cottbus – Senftenberg] (BTU), Department of Natural Resources & The Environment [CALS], College of Agriculture and Life Sciences [Cornell University] (CALS), Cornell University [New York]-Cornell University [New York], School of Biology and Environmental Sciences (SBES), USDA Forest Service, University of Toronto, Aberystwyth University, Universidad Nacional de Luján [Buenos Aires], Trier University of Applied Sciences, Razi University of Kermanshah, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Universidade Estadual do Maranhão = State University of Maranhão (UEMA), Kyushu University, Aarhus University [Aarhus], Northern Kentucky University, Adaptation et diversité en milieu marin (ADMM), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Station biologique de Roscoff (SBR), Ecosystem and Landscape Dynamics (IBED, FNWI), Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft - German Research Foundation (DFG), Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Joint Research Centre, European Commission, Department of Biology, University of Minho [Braga], University of Amsterdam [Amsterdam] (UvA), Institut d'écologie et des sciences de l'environnement de Paris (iEES Paris), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences (KNAW), Laboratory of Nematology, Department of Plant Sciences, Free University of Berlin (FU), Senckenberg Research Institute, European Project: 227161,EC:FP7:KBBE,FP7-KBBE-2008-2B,BIOBIO(2009), Biometry and Environmental System Analysis, University of Freiburg, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UM3), Theoretical and Experimental Ecology Station, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Asian School of the Environment, Nanyang Technological University, Département de Biologie, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada, Université de Sherbrooke, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Cornell University, UMR 1114 'EMMAH', INRA, Complutense University of Madrid (UCM), Institute of Evolutionary Biology (CSIC-Universitat Pompeu Fabra), Forest Ecology and Management, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Department of Biological and Environmental Science, University of Jyväskylä, School of Forest Resources and Conservation, University of Florida, Department of Environmental Management, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Matej Bel University, Department of Ecology and Environmental Science, Climate Impacts Research Centre, Umeå University, A.N. Severtsov Institute of Ecology and Evolution, Russian Academy of Sciences, Performance des systèmes de culture des plantes pérennes (Cirad-Persyst-UPR 34 Système de pérennes), Département Performances des systèmes de production et de transformation tropicaux (Cirad-PERSYST), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad), Department of Forest Ecology, Faculty of Forestry and Wood Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Department of Earth & Environmental Sciences, KU Leuven, School of Agricultural, Forest and Food Sciences, Bern University of Applied Sciences, UMR7144 Adaptation et Diversité en Milieu Marin, Station Biologique de Roscoff, CNRS-Sorbonne Universite, AGROCAMPUS OUEST-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Mécanismes adaptatifs : des organismes aux communautés (MECADEV), Department of Forest Resources, University of Minnesota, Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UM3)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), European Research Council, Academy of Finland, Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada, Russian Foundation for Basic Research, Slovak Research and Development Agency, Wageningen University and Research Centre, International Atomic Energy Agency, Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo, Royal Canadian Geographical Society, Irish Government, University of Hawaii, U.S. Navy, Department of Science and Technology (India), Department of Defense (US), Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (Brasil), Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports (Czech Republic), Agence Nationale de la Recherche (France), Austrian Science Fund, Welsh Government, Science Foundation Ireland, University of Kentucky, Higher Education Commission (Pakistan), Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Grains Research and Development Corporation (Australia), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (Argentina), Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (Brasil), Ministère de l'Europe et des Affaires étrangères (France), University of Minho, Università degli Studi di Catania (UniCT), Terrestrial Ecology (TE), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), and Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, LITTER, Earth, Planet, Climate, Biologie du sol, Biodiversity, Facteur climatique, 01 natural sciences, Ver de terre, Ecosystem services, purl.org/becyt/ford/1 [https], Soil, Abundance (ecology), FORESTS, 11. Sustainability, DRIVERS, Biomass, 2. Zero hunger, 0303 health sciences, Biomass (ecology), Multidisciplinary, biology, Ecology, Earth, 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences, POPULATION-DENSITY, earthworm, distribution, diversity, pattern, PE&RC, MINHOCAS, Habitat, Plant Production Systems, international, L20 - Écologie animale, Biodiversité, Écosystème, Zone tropicale, Soil biology, Biocénose, Invertebrados, [SDV.SA.SDS]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences/Soil study, Models, Biological, 010603 evolutionary biology, Ecology and Environment, Zone tempérée, 03 medical and health sciences, [SDV.EE.ECO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment/Ecosystems, Life Science, Animals, Ecosystem, PLANT, Oligochaeta, purl.org/becyt/ford/1.6 [https], 030304 developmental biology, Earthworm, Tropics, P34 - Biologie du sol, Species diversity, SHIFTS, Farm Systems Ecology Group, Bodemfysica en Landbeheer, 15. Life on land, Ecología, biology.organism_classification, Soil Physics and Land Management, SOIL, Agriculture and Soil Science, 13. Climate action, Plantaardige Productiesystemen, 040103 agronomy & agriculture, PATTERNS, Linear Models, 0401 agriculture, forestry, and fisheries, BIODIVERSITY, Species richness, Planet, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, COMMUNITIES, Zoology, Animal Distribution, Models Biological
Abstract

Soil organisms, including earthworms, are a key component of terrestrial ecosystems. However, little is known about their diversity, their distribution, and the threats affecting them. We compiled a global dataset of sampled earthworm communities from 6928 sites in 57 countries as a basis for predicting patterns in earthworm diversity, abundance, and biomass. We found that local species richness and abundance typically peaked at higher latitudes, displaying patterns opposite to those observed in aboveground organisms. However, high species dissimilarity across tropical locations may cause diversity across the entirety of the tropics to be higher than elsewhere. Climate variables were found to be more important in shaping earthworm communities than soil properties or habitat cover. These findings suggest that climate change may have serious implications for earthworm communities and for the functions they provide., 677232 to N.E.). K.S.R. and W.H.v.d.P. were supported by ERC-ADV grant 323020 to W.H.v.d.P. Also supported by iDiv (DFG FZT118) Flexpool proposal 34600850 (C.A.G. and N.E.); the Academy of Finland (285882) and the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (postdoctoral fellowship and RGPIN-2019-05758) (E.K.C.); DOB Ecology (T.W.C., J.v.d.H., and D.R.); ERC-AdG 694368 (M.R.); and the TULIP Laboratory of Excellence (ANR-10-LABX-41) (M.L.). In addition, data collection was funded by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research (12-04-01538-a, 12-04-01734-a, 14-44-03666-r_center_a, 15-29-02724-ofi_m, 16-04-01878-a 19-05-00245); Tarbiat Modares University; Aurora Organic Dairy; UGC(NERO) (F. 1-6/Acctt./NERO/2007-08/1485); Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council (RGPIN-2017-05391); Slovak Research and Development Agency (APVV-0098-12); Science for Global Development through Wageningen University; Norman Borlaug LEAP Programme and International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA); São Paulo Research Foundation - FAPESP (12/22510-8); Oklahoma Agricultural Experiment Station; INIA - Spanish Agency (SUM 2006-00012-00-0); Royal Canadian Geographical Society; Environmental Protection Agency (Ireland) (2005-S-LS-8); University of Hawai‘i at Mānoa (HAW01127H; HAW01123M); European Union FP7 (FunDivEurope, 265171); U.S. Department of the Navy, Commander Pacific Fleet (W9126G-13-2-0047); Science and Engineering Research Board (SB/SO/AS-030/2013) Department of Science and Technology, New Delhi, India; Strategic Environmental Research and Development Program (SERDP) of the U.S. Department of Defense (RC-1542); Maranhão State Research Foundation (FAPEMA); Coordination for the Improvement of Higher Education Personnel (CAPES); Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports of the Czech Republic (LTT17033); Colorado Wheat Research Foundation; Zone Atelier Alpes, French National Research Agency (ANR-11-BSV7-020-01, ANR-09-STRA-02-01, ANR 06 BIODIV 009-01); Austrian Science Fund (P16027, T441); Landwirtschaftliche Rentenbank Frankfurt am Main; Welsh Government and the European Agricultural Fund for Rural Development (Project Ref. A AAB 62 03 qA731606); SÉPAQ; Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry of Finland; Science Foundation Ireland (EEB0061); University of Toronto (Faculty of Forestry); National Science and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Haliburton Forest and Wildlife Reserve; NKU College of Arts and Sciences Grant; Österreichische Forschungsförderungsgesellschaft (837393 and 837426); Mountain Agriculture Research Unit of the University of Innsbruck; Higher Education Commission of Pakistan; Kerala Forest Research Institute, Peechi, Kerala; UNEP/GEF/TSBF-CIAT Project on Conservation and Sustainable Management of Belowground Biodiversity; Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry of Finland; Complutense University of Madrid/European Union FP7 project BioBio (FPU UCM 613520); GRDC; AWI; LWRRDC; DRDC; CONICET (National Scientific and Technical Research Council) and FONCyT (National Agency of Scientific and Technological Promotion) (PICT, PAE, PIP), Universidad Nacional de Luján y FONCyT [PICT 2293 (2006)], Fonds de recherche sur la nature et les technologies du Québec (131894), Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft [SCHR1000/3-1, SCHR1000/6-1, 6-2 (FOR 1598), WO 670/7-1, WO 670/7-2, and SCHA 1719/1-2], CONACYT (FONDOS MIXTOS TABASCO/PROYECTO11316); NSF (DGE-0549245, DGE-0549245, DEB-BE-0909452, NSF1241932); Institute for Environmental Science and Policy at the University of Illinois at Chicago; Dean’s Scholar Program at UIC; Garden Club of America Zone VI Fellowship in Urban Forestry from the Casey Tree Endowment Fund; J. E. Weaver Competitive Grant from the Nebraska Chapter of The Nature Conservancy; the College of Liberal Arts and Sciences at DePaul University; Elmore Hadley Award for Research in Ecology and Evolution from the UIC Dept. of Biological Sciences; Spanish CICYT (AMB96-1161; REN2000-0783/GLO; REN2003-05553/GLO; REN2003-03989/GLO; CGL2007-60661/BOS); Yokohama National University; MEXT KAKENHI (25220104); Japan Society for the Promotion of Science KAKENHI (25281053, 17KT0074, 25252026); ADEME (0775C0035); Ministry of Science, Innovation and Universities of Spain (CGL2017-86926-P); Syngenta Philippines; UPSTREAM; LTSER (Val Mazia/Matschertal); Marie Sklodowska Curie Postdoctoral Fellowship (747607); National Science and Technology Base Resource Survey Project of China (2018FY100306); McKnight Foundation (14-168); Program of Fundamental Researches of Presidium of Russian Academy of Sciences (AAAA-A18-118021490070-5); Brazilian National Council of Research CNPq; and French Ministry of Foreign and European Affairs. Author contributions: H.R.P.P. led the analysis, data curation, and writing of the original manuscript draft. C.A.G. assisted in analyses and writing of the original manuscript draft. E.K.C. and N.E. revised subsequent manuscript drafts. J.v.d.H., D.R., and T.W.C. provided additional analyses. E.K.C., N.E., and M.P.T. acquired funding for the project. J.K., K.B.G., B.S., M.L.C.B., M.J.I.B., and G.B. contributed to data curation. H.R.P.P., C.A.G., M.L.C.B., M.J.I.B., G.B., O.F., A.O., E.M.B., J.B., U.B., T.D., F.T.d.V., B.K.-R., M.L., J.M., C.M., W.H.v.d.P., K.S.R., M.C.R., D.R., M.R., M.P.T., D.H.W., D.A.W., E.K.C., and N.E. contributed to the project conceptualization. All authors reviewed and edited the final draft manuscript. The majority of the authors provided data for the analyses. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. Data and materials availability: Data and analysis code are available on the iDiv Data repository (DOI: 10.25829/idiv.1804-5-2593) and GitHub (https://github.com/helenphillips/GlobalEWDiversity; DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.3386456).

Published
2019

46. Potential kernels for radial Dunkl Laplacians

Author

P. Sawyer, Piotr Graczyk, Tomasz Luks, Laboratoire Angevin de Recherche en Mathématiques (LAREMA), Université d'Angers (UA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University of Paderborn, Université Laurentienne, Sudbury, Ontario, Canada, and Graczyk, Piotr

Subjects
General Mathematics, Poisson kernel, [MATH] Mathematics [math], 2000 MSC: 17B22 60J45, Rank (differential topology), 01 natural sciences, Combinatorics, symbols.namesake, Mathematics - Analysis of PDEs, Dunkl setting, 0103 physical sciences, Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA), FOS: Mathematics, complex symmetric space, 0101 mathematics, Invariant (mathematics), [MATH]Mathematics [math], Direct product, Mathematics, 010102 general mathematics, Newton kernel, potential kernel, Multiplicity (mathematics), 17B22, 60J45, Mathematics - Classical Analysis and ODEs, Homogeneous space, symbols, 010307 mathematical physics, root system, Laplace operator, Kernel (category theory), Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
Abstract

We derive two-sided bounds for the Newton and Poisson kernels of the $W$-invariant Dunkl Laplacian in geometric complex case when the multiplicity $k(\alpha)=1$, i.e. for flat complex symmetric spaces. For the invariant Dunkl-Poisson kernel $P^W(x,y)$, the estimates are $$ P^W(x,y)\asymp \frac{P^{{\bf R}^d}(x,y)}{\prod_{\alpha > 0 \ }|x-\sigma_\alpha y|^{2k(\alpha)}},$$ where the $\alpha$'s are the positive roots of a root system acting in ${\bf R}^d$, the $\sigma_\alpha$'s are the corresponding symmetries and $P^{{\bf R}^d}$ is the classical Poisson kernel in ${{\bf R}^d}$. Analogous bounds are proven for the Newton kernel when $d\ge 3$. The same estimates are derived in the rank one direct product case $\mathbb Z_2^N$ and conjectured for general $W$-invariant Dunkl processes. As an application, we get a two-sided bound for the Poisson and Newton kernels of the classical Dyson Brownian motion and of the Brownian motions in any Weyl chamber., Comment: 31 pages

Published
2019

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