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Purpose: To evaluate the clinical outcomes, surgical indications, results of medical, surgical and micropulse transscleral cyclophotocoagulation (MP-TSCPC) treatment in patients with postkeratoplasty glaucoma Materials and Methods: Fifty-six eyes of 53 patients with glaucoma who had undergone keratoplasty were included in the study. Demographic and clinical characteristics, medical and surgical (either trabeculectomy or MP-TSCPC) treatment results were evaluated retrospectively. Results: The mean age of patients was 52.8 ± 19.1 years (9- 84). The most common indication for keratoplasty was bullous keratopathy in 15 eyes (26.8 %). The mean follow-up period was 29.3 ± 36.7 months. Glaucoma control was achieved by medical treatment in 46 (82.1%), MP-TSCPC in 5 (8.9%), trabeculectomy in 3(5.4%), and combined therapy in 2 (3.6%) of eyes. For MP-TSCPC cases the mean pre-treatment IOP was 28.5 mmHg and the mean post-treatment IOP was 14.6 mmHg. With % 40 reduction, the best results were taken in MP-TSCPC group. No patients had hipotony or graft failure. Conclusions: Glaucoma control can be achieved by medical, surgical and MP-TSCPC treatment in eyes with postkeratoplasty. MPTSCPC is a safe and effective IOP lowering method in these eyes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this study was to analyse the changes in flare values after Micropulse Transscleral Laser Treatment for Glaucoma (MP-TLT) in patients with refractory glaucoma and to compare with the outcomes of patients who underwent continuous wave (CW) diode laser cyclophotocoagulation (CW-TSCPC). In this single-centre study, we reviewed the medical records of 54 patients who underwent MP-TLT and 35 patients who underwent CW-TSCPC at Ankara University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Ophthalmology. Aqueous flare values were measured by laser flare photometry. The mean laser flare values in both groups (MP-TLT/CW-TSCPC) increased after surgery from 20.85 ± 8.74/22.14 ± 7.39 ph/ms at baseline to 48.52 ± 18.23/57.38 ± 20.08 ph/ms (P =.001) on day 1 and then progressively decreased to 44.13 ± 18.32/52.24 ± 20.56 in week 1, 40.5 ± 18.5/48.24 ± 19.23 week 2 and 35.28 ± 17.09/41.11 ± 16.7 month 1 (all p <.05) and returned to similar levels to baseline at month 3 and month 6 (both p >.05). Patients who achieved treatment success had significantly higher flare values than patients who failed on post-operative day 1, week 1 and week 2 in both groups. The flare values were significantly lower in the MP-TLT group than the CW-TSCPC group on post-operative day 1, week 1, week 2 and month 1 (all p <.05). There were no cases of prolonged post-operative inflammation or serious complications in both groups. Intraocular inflammation, quantified by aqueous flare, may be a contributing factor to the IOP lowering effect of transscleral diode laser cyclophotocoagulation in the early post-operative period. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Myopia is by far the most common human eye disorder that is known to have a clear, albeit poorly defined, heritable component. In this study, we describe an autosomal-recessive syndrome [...]

Objectives: To investigate the intraocular pressure (IOP)-lowering efficacy, safety, and treatment tolerability of brinzolamide/ brimonidine fixed combination (BBFC) in maximum medical therapy. Materials and Methods: The medical records of 92 patients with glaucoma or ocular hypertension who had previously been treated with a different antiglaucomatous regimen and were switched to a treatment regimen that included BBFC were retrospectively analyzed. Patients were divided into 4 groups including 22, 20, 27, and 23 patients based on previous glaucoma treatment. All patients received maximum medical treatment regimen by adding a combination of beta blocker-prostaglandin analogue therapy along with BBFC. IOP values at baseline and month 1, month 3 and month 6 after starting BBFC and ocular adverse effects at follow-up visits were evaluated. Results: The mean age of all patients was 62.7±16.6 years (range: 18-90). Fifty-two patients (56.5%) were women and 40 (43.5%) were men. Forty-eight (52.2%) patients had primary open-angle glaucoma, 35 (38.0%) had pseudoexfoliation glaucoma, and 9 (9.8%) had ocular hypertension. The IOP of the all eyes was 21.1±4.8 mmHg (range: 17-25) before and 17.6±3.7 mmHg, 17.3±3.4, and 17.0±3.5 mmHg at month 1, 3, and 6 after the introduction of BBFC, respectively (p<0.001 for all time points compared to baseline). In all 4 groups, a significant decrease in IOP was observed at month 1, 3, and 6 follow-ups compared to baseline after the introduction of BBFC. The mean number of antiglaucoma drops was significantly reduced from 2.5±0.6 at baseline to 2 after BBFC (p<0.001). The most frequent ocular adverse event was ocular allergic reactions reported in 8 patients (8.7%), conjunctival hyperemia in 5 patients (5.4%), and ocular discomfort in 2 patients (2.5%). Conclusion: Maximum medical therapy with BBFC provides significant IOP reduction and antiglaucoma therapy simplification with a favorable safety profile in patients with glaucoma. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: To evaluate the macular choroidal thickness (CT) and central macular thickness (CMT) in exfoliation syndrome (XFS), exfoliation glaucoma (XFG) and age-matched healthy subjects using spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) and to investigate the correlations of CT and CMT with ganglion cell complex (GCC). Materials and Methods: This study included patients diagnosed with XFS, XFG, and healthy volunteers. CMT was analyzed with standard OCT protocol while CT was analyzed with enhanced depth imaging (EDI) modality in all subjects. Results: The study included; 41 eyes with XFS, 62 eyes with XFG and 30 eyes of healthy subjects. The mean CMT were; 253.3 ± 35.8 µm, 258.5 ± 43.4 µm and 255.1 ± 29.9 µm in the XFS, XFG and control group respectively (p=0.52). The mean CT in XFS group was significantly thinner than XFG and control (p<0.001). In XFS group, we detected weak positive correlations of average ganglion cell layer+inner plexiform layer (GCL+IPL) thickness and minimum GCL+IPL thickness with CT (R= +0.23, R=+0.21 respectively, p=0.15, p=0.19). In XFG patients, average GCL+IPL thickness and minimum GCL+ IPL thickness showed weak negative correlations with CMT (R= -0.22, R= -0.18 respectively, p=0.008, p=0.15), but there was no correlation between GCC parameters and CT measurements (R= -0.12, R= -0.09 respectively, p=0.32, p=0.52). Conclusions: In XFS group, choroidal changes may be an early indicator for transformation of XFS to XFG. Relatively thicker choroid in XFG group may be related to the reversibility of this situation with treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: To evaluate the frequency of glaucoma in patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) using and not using continuous positive airway pressure treatment. Materials and Methods: This prospective study included 59 patients diagnosed with OSAS based on the Apnea-Hypopnea Index (AHI). OSAS patients were divided into 3 groups according to their AHI scores: 5-15 was considered mild (19 patients), 16-30 was considered moderate (16 patients), and >30 (24 patients) was considered severe. Twenty-eight (47.5%) of the OSAS patients had been using continuous positive airway pressure treatment. The control group included 19 healthy subjects. Retinal nerve fiber layer and ganglion cell complex (GCC) thickness analyses were performed. Results: Average GCC thickness in left eyes was significantly lower in the mild OSAS group than in the control group (p = 0.013). The GCC was significantly thinner in the inferior and inferonasal sectors of both eyes in the mild OSAS group compared to the control group (p = 0.029, p = 0.022, p = 0.037, and p = 0.019 respectively). Minimum GCC thickness in the left eyes of all OSAS groups was significantly lower than in the control group (p<0.05). Conclusion: In OSAS patients, there may be changes in retinal nerve fiber layer and ganglion cell complex thickness before alterations in the visual field emerge. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The objective of our study was to provide a comparative assessment of previously reported magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) parameters in primary and secondary pseudotumor cerebri (PTC) patients, to examine their diagnostic contribution, and to evaluate their association with symptoms, neuro-ophthalmological findings, laboratory results, and cerebrospinal fluid characteristics. Twenty-eight consecutive patients with PTC were included in the study. Age- and sex-matched 20 individuals with normal neurologic examination served as the control group. Modified Dandy Criteria were used for the diagnosis of PTC. Orbital and cranial MRI and MR venography of all patients and controls were assessed by three radiologists. According to our study, posterior flattening of the globe (64% sensitive, 100% specific), optic nerve sheath distention (46% sensitive, 100% specific), vertical tortuosity of the optic nerve (30% sensitive, 95% specific), and partial empty sella (43% sensitive, 100% specific) emerged as particularly valuable markers for a diagnosis of PTC. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background/aim: This study aimed to evaluate retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) and ganglion cell complex (GCC) thicknesses using spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) in both unilateral and bilateral exfoliation syndrome (XFS) patients. Materials and methods: Twenty-four patients with unilateral XFS, 20 patients with bilateral XFS, and 23 healthy subjects were enrolled in this study. Eyes with XFS were compared with both fellow eyes and age-matched control subject eyes in terms of mean and segmental RNFL thickness and minimum, mean, and segmental GCC thickness. Results: In the bilateral XFS group, minimum GCC of the right eye (75.80 ± 11.6 µm) was significantly thinner compared with the right eyes of the control group (81.83 ± 6.6 µm) (P < 0.05). Also, superior RNFL was thinner in the right eye (106.90 ± 16.7 µm) compared with left eye (114.15 ± 18.1 µm) in the bilateral XFS group (P < 0.05). No significant differences in the unilateral XFS group were detected in GCC and RNFL analysis. Conclusion: Minimum GCC value may be the first parameter affected in the conversion of XFS to exfoliative glaucoma followed by RNFL changes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: To determine the changes in the anterior chamber flare and central macular thickness (CMT) under topical antiglaucomatous therapy.Methods: This study included 121 eyes of 73 patients and 36 eyes of 18 controls. Glaucoma patients were divided into 3 groups (timolol maleate, latanoprost, and bimatoprost). Control eyes did not receive any medications. Flare and CMT measurements were performed at baseline and follow-up visits (15th day, and 1st, 3rd, 6th, and 12th month).Results: Statistically significant increases were detected in the flare values in the bimatoprost and latanoprost groups (P < 0.001, P = 0.011, respectively). Significant increases were also found in CMT values measured in these 2 groups (P < 0.001, P = 0.002, respectively). However, increased flare and CMT values were not clinically manifested as uveitis and macular edema. Flare and CMT values did not change statistically in the timolol maleate and control groups.Conclusions: Although the use of prostaglandin (PG) analogs was found to be associated with increased flare and CMT, these increases were not clinically significant. PG analog monotherapy may be safely and effectively used in the treatment of glaucoma. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: The aim was to evaluate the circadian rhythm of intraocular pressure in glaucoma patients and patients with glaucoma suspect using the Sensimed Triggerfish® system. Materials and Methods: The Sensimed Triggerfish® system was applied to nine patients. Before the application, a full ophthalmic examination was performed in all patients. Patient graphics were evaluated for diurnal variation and peak intraocular pressure. Results: The patient diagnoses were pseudoexfoliation glaucoma (4 patients/44.4%), glaucoma suspect with pseudoexfoliation (3 patients/33.4%), primary open angle glaucoma (1 patient/11.1%), and pigmentary glaucoma (1 patient/11.1%). Two patients (22.2%) could not complete the 24-h measurement. After the application, the treatment modalities of four (44.4%) patients were changed. All had a diagnosis of pseudoexfoliation glaucoma. In addition, medical treatment was prescribed to two (22.2%) glaucoma suspect with pseudoexfoliation patients. All curves of patients with pseudoexfoliation showed an elevation during the nocturnal period and the peak intraocular pressure curves were observed between 01:00-09:00. Conclusion: A 24-h intraocular pressure measurement is important for the diagnosis of glaucoma, the selection of treatment modality, and the evaluation of treatment efficacy. Amaç: Sensimed Triggerfish® sistemi ile glokom şüphesi olan hastalarda ve glokom hastalarında göz içi basıncının sirkadyen ritminin değerlendirmesi. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background/aim: To evaluate the periocular changes due to topical bimatoprost and latanoprost use and to investigate their effects on the lacrimal drainage system. Materials and methods: All participants (69 eyes of 43 patients, 52 eyes of 26 controls) were classified into three groups: bimatoprost (0.03%) users, latanoprost (0.005%) users, and healthy controls. Each patient was examined before prostaglandin therapy, and then at the first, third, sixth, and twelfth month of therapy. Palpebral fissure height, upper eyelid crease, and levator function were measured, and lacrimal system drainage irrigation was performed. Periocular hyperpigmentation and upper eyelid sulcus were also examined. Results: No significant change was identified in palpebral fissure height or levator function in any group. However, in upper eyelid crease, among bimatoprost users, a statistically significant increase was observed when compared to the control group (P < 0.001). Patients with skin type II and III, in bimatoprost users, and patients with skin type III, in latanoprost users, had statistically significant hyperpigmentation (P < 0.001) after the third month of therapy. During follow-up, no lacrimal drainage system obstruction was seen. Conclusion: Topical bimatoprost therapy causes more periocular changes than latanoprost therapy. Thus, in unilateral cases, patients should be well informed about these probable changes before therapy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: To compare the central corneal thickness (CCT) in patients with congenital glaucoma and nonglaucomatous controls. Materials and Methods: Thirty eight eyes of 22 primary congenital glaucoma (PCG) patients were included in the study. The patients were divided into two groups according to their ages. The mean age was 12.2 years (range 7-16) in the first group and 26 years (range 19-42) in the second one. Both groups were compared with each other as well as age-matched nonglaucomatous subjects. CCT measurements were performed with ultrasonographic pachymetry (Ocuscan PxP, Alcon, USA). Results: There were no significant difference between groups and their controls in terms of CCT. In the first group, the mean CCT value was 556.4 µm on right eye and 562.7 µm on left eye, while the mean CCT of the control group was 552.7 µm on right and 553.7 µm on left. In the second group, the mean CCT was 551.6 µm on right and 553.2 µm on left, while the mean CCT of the control was 550.5 µm on right and 544.9 µm in left. There was no significant difference between groups. Conclusion: In present study, CCT measurements of PCG patients did not differ from each other as well as healthy controls. However, CCT measurement is an essential part of glaucoma examination. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Examines on the orbital cyst of nasolacrimal duct derivation. Use of dacryocystectomy for operation on dacryocystitis; Rate of complications; Development of an orbital cyst.

Purpose: To investigate the relation between pseudoexfoliation (PEX) and Herpes simplex virus (HSV). Materials and Methods: This prospective study included 50 patients with PEX glaucoma and cataract (Group 1) and 40 cataract patients without glaucoma and PEX (Group 2). All participants underwent a complete ophthalmic examination. HSV was evaluated in all anterior lens capsule specimens with polymerase chain reaction. Results: HSV DNA was not detected in the anterior lens capsule specimens of group1 and 2. Conclusions: The results of this study showed that HSV was not associated with PEX. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

PURPOSE: This prospective study was performed to evaluate whether there is an association between enophthalmos and involutional ectropion. METHODS: Hertel exophthalmometric measurements were obtained from 31 patients with involutional ectropion and from 30 control patients who were age- and sex-matched. RESULTS: Eighteen patients had bilateral ectropion and 13 patients had unilateral ectropion. The mean of the exophthalmometric measurements of the eyes with ectropion was 12.67 ± 2.48 (SD) mm. The mean of the exophthalmometric measurements of the control patients was 12.80 ± 2.87 (SD) mm in the right eye and 12.83 ± 2.93 (SD) mm in the left eye. The difference between the eyes of the patients and the controls was not statistically significant (p>0.05). In the affected eyes of the patients with unilateral ectropion, the mean exophthalmometric value was 13.15 ± 2.51 (SD) mm, and in the unaffected eyes of the patients, the mean exophthalmometric value was 13.07 ± 2.56 (SD) mm. This difference was not statistically significant either (p>0.05). CONCLUSION: Patients with involutional ectropion do not have more enophthalmos than the age- and sex-matched normal population. This study does not suggest an association between enophthalmos and involutional ectropion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A 79-year-old male applied to our clinic for routine examination. Slit-lamp examination revealed posterior chamber intraocular lens (IOL), iris elevation at 9 o'clock and narrowing of anterior chamber angle in the right eye. Although the clinical findings were suggestive for ciliary body mass, ultrasonic biomicroscopy (UBM) demonstrated IOL haptic dislocation at the elevated area. UBM imaging is an important imaging modality that allows visualization of posterior chamber and provides information in the differential diagnosis of localized bulging of the iris. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: To evaluate and compare the peripapillary and retinal vasculature changes in primary open angle glaucoma (POAG), pseudoexfoliation glaucoma (PXG), ocular hypertension (OHT) and normal eyes using optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA)., Methods: A total of 114 POAG, PXG and OHT eyes of 60 patients and 46 eyes of 23 healthy control participants with good quality OCTA images were included. The PXG, POAG, OHT, and control groups (aged 68.17±6.30y, 61.11±10.26y, 58.1±8.9y, and 56.9±4.6y, respectively) contained of 46, 36, 32, and 46 eyes, respectively. Measurements of vessel density (VD) in the peripapillary region and macula, average retinal inner thickness, and retinal nerve fiber layer thickness (RNFLT) were compared among groups. In order to test the accuracy of differentiation between eyes with and without glaucoma, the area was calculated under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves., Results: The VD in glaucomatous eyes was significantly lower than the control group in all peripapillary sectors (44.35%±6.78% vs 50.47%±1.83%, P <0.001), the superficial (44.08%±5.46% vs 51.28%±2.85%, P <0.001) and the deep (45.13%±8.55% vs 54.20%±5.44%, P <0.001) vascular plexus. There was a significant difference in peripapillary VD between glaucomatous and OHT eyes (44.35%±6.78% vs 49.86%±2.45%, P <0.001). The OHT group featured a lower superficial (48.06%±4.32% vs 51.28%±2.85%, P =0.027) and deep plexus (48.70%±5.99% vs 54.20%±5.44%, P =0.013) whole image vessel density (wiVD) than did the control group. The average macular superficial plexus wiVD was significantly lower in eyes with PXG than in eyes with POAG (42.22%±5.36% vs 46.54%±5.56%, P =0.046)., Conclusion: OCTA can measure reduced peripapillary and macular VD in eyes with glaucoma and OHT, and these results are correlated to functional and structural glaucomatous alterations. Peripapillary and macular superficial plexus VD is lower in eyes with PXG than in eyes with POAG. Furthermore, the OHT eyes demonstrate impaired macular vasculature in both superficial and deep plexus., (International Journal of Ophthalmology Press.)

Aim: To evaluate the possible relationship of optic disc area with retina nerve fiber layer in different glaucoma subtypes., Methods: One eye each was chosen from 45 patients with ocular hypertension, 45 patients with primary open angle glaucoma, 45 patients with pseudoexfoliation glaucoma and 45 healthy controls followed in our hospital. The records of the patients were reviewed retrospectively. Optic disc area and circumpapillary retina nerve fiber layer measurements were obtained using optical coherence tomography. Central corneal thickness was measured by ultrasound pachymetry., Results: The median disc area in the patients with primary open angle glaucoma was significantly higher than the patients with ocular hypertension (2.19 vs 1.90 mm(2), P=0.030). The median retina nerve fiber layer was thinner in the patients with primary open angle glaucoma and pseudoexfoliation glaucoma than the patients with ocular hypertension for superior, inferior and temporal quadrants. After adjustment for age, no difference in central corneal thickness was found between the groups. Greater disc area was associated with thicker retinal nerve fiber layer for superior, inferior and nasal quadrants in the patients with primary open angle glaucoma. There was no correlation between disc area and central corneal thickness measurements of the groups., Conclusion: Disc size affects the retinal nerve fiber layer thickness in eyes with primary open angle glaucoma and is a possible risk factor for glaucomatous optic nerve damage.

Background: Recent reports have demonstrated that refrigerated bevacizumab can be stored for up to 3 weeks at 4 degrees C without loss of efficacy. There have been no previous reports addressing bevacizumab's sterility when stored and used as multiple doses from a single-use vial., Objective: To evaluate the sterility of bevacizumab when used as multiple doses from a single-use vial., Methods: Four groups of vials were used to simulate the storage and use conditions for bevacizumab. Each group contained 11 doses of 0.2 mL of bevacizumab. One sample from each group was cultured once each day at 37 degrees C for 10 days; one sample from each group was left for 15 days. MacConkey agar, blood agar, thioglycollate broth, and Sabouraud medium were used to assess bacterial and fungal growth., Results: A total of 44 samples of bevacizumab were included in this study. Each sample was placed on 4 growth media for microbial readings. All samples were found to be negative for microbial growth. No significant differences were observed among the groups. Possible limitations of this study included the number of samples for each group and in vitro design of the study, which might have affected the growth of bacterial organisms., Conclusions: Storage and multiple use of bevacizumab from single-use vials does not seem to result in microbial contamination.

Background: To evaluate the optic nerve head by means of the Heidelberg retina tomograph (HRT) in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM)., Methods: The study group consisted of 47 patients with DM [group 1; 29 patients without diabetic retinopathy (DR) and 18 patients with non-proliferative DR] and 50 normal subjects (group 2). All patients and controls underwent a complete ophthalmological examination, and the optic nerve head topography of both eyes was evaluated by using HRT-I. One eye of these cases was randomly selected for statistical analysis. Glycosylated haemoglobin (HbA(1c)) levels of all the study participants were measured., Results: The HRT parameters were similar between diabetic and control groups (p > 0.05). In group 1, in the patients with duration of diabetes < or =10 years, when compared with the patients with duration of diabetes >10 years, we did not detect any statistically significant difference between the HRT parameters (p > 0.05). There was no statistically significant correlation between HBA(1c) levels and rim volume (r = -0.078, p = 0.601), and mean retinal nerve fibre layer thickness (r = 0.058, p = 0.700) in DM patients., Conclusion: These results suggest that non-glaucomatous diabetic patients had no decreased neuroretinal rim when compared with non-diabetic patients., ((c) 2008 S. Karger AG, Basel)

Aims: To determine the association between the angiotensin-converting enzyme insertion/deletion (I/D) polymorphism and pseudoexfoliation (PEX) in Turkish patients., Methods: This prospective study consisted of 89 patients with PEX, and 120 controls. The I/D polymorphism of the angiotensin-converting enzyme gene was measured with the use of the polymerase chain reaction method., Results: The distribution of the polymorphism was not significantly different in cases with PEX and controls. The frequencies of the I and D alleles were not significantly different between the groups., Conclusion: According to our findings, I/D polymorphism in the angiotensin-converting enzyme gene does not play any role in the pathogenesis of PEX.

Purpose: To investigate the possible association between tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha)-308 G/A polymorphism and pseudoexfoliation (PEX) glaucoma., Methods: One hundred and ten Turkish PEX glaucoma patients and 110 healthy control subjects were enrolled in the study. All participants underwent a complete ophthalmic examination. TNF-alpha-308 was genotyped by polymerase chain reaction and restriction endonuclease analysis., Results: We found a high prevalence of the G/G genotype in PEX glaucoma patients (OR=2.88, 95% CI 1.15-7.20). The A polymorphic allele frequency was 3.2% in patients with PEX compared with 8.2% in controls (p=0.023)., Conclusions: Our results suggest that TNF-alpha-308 G/A genotype is not associated with PEX glaucoma. The -308G/A variant may be a possible protective factor against PEX.

Background: Pseudoexfoliation (PEX), which affects anterior segment structures, is thought to be a systemic disorder. The purpose of this study was to determine the possible relation between PEX and sensorineural hearing loss., Methods: The study group included 51 patients with PEX and 22 controls without PEX. The patients and controls underwent complete ophthalmic and otorhinolaryngologic examinations. Hearing levels were evaluated with audio-tympanogram battery in all cases, and pure-tone audiogram hearing levels were classified into 6 groups., Results: The mean age of PEX subjects was 67.5 years. All patients had PEX in at least one eye. Seventeen eyes had no evidence of PEX syndrome or glaucoma, 14 eyes had PEX but no glaucoma, and 71 eyes had both PEX and glaucoma. Thirty-four patients had bilateral PEX while 17 patients had unilateral PEX. One hundred and two ears of the 51 PEX patients and 44 ears of 22 controls were evaluated with pure-tone audiogram after otologic examination. In PEX patients 34/102 ears (33.3%) had normal hearing level, and 68 (66.7%) had hearing loss at various levels. The mean age of the control group was 61 years. In this group, 27/44 ears (61.4%) had no hearing loss, and 17 (38.6%) ears had hearing loss. There was a statistically significant difference between control and PEX subjects (p<0.01) in terms of hearing loss., Interpretation: This study shows that sensorineural hearing loss appears to be associated with PEX.