Author: "Roinsard, A." / Language: english - Searchworks@Jio Institute Digital Library Search Results

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36 results on '"Roinsard, A."'

1. A referencing system to analyse performances of French organic rabbit farms

Author: Gidenne, T., Savietto, D., Goby, J. P., Fortun-Lamothe, L., and Roinsard, A
Published: 2020
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2. Steroidome and metabolome analysis in gilt saliva to identify potential biomarkers of boar effect receptivity

Author: G. Goudet, A. Prunier, L. Nadal-Desbarats, D. Grivault, S. Ferchaud, A. Pianos, L. Haddad, F. Montigny, C. Douet, J. Savoie, F. Maupertuis, A. Roinsard, S. Boulot, and P. Liere
Subjects: Male effect, Metabolites, Porcine, Saliva, Steroids, Animal culture, SF1-1100
Abstract: Optimal management of gilt reproduction requires oestrus synchronization. Hormonal treatments are used for this purpose, but there is a growing demand for non-hormonal alternatives, especially in organic farms. The boar effect is an important alternative opportunity to induce and synchronize oestrus without hormones. Before puberty, gilts exhibit a ‘waiting period’ during which boar exposure could induce and synchronize the first ovulation. We searched for salivary biomarkers of this period of boar effect receptivity to improve detection of the gilts to stimulate with the perspective of enhancing the efficacy of the boar effect. Saliva samples were collected from 30 Large-White×Landrace crossbred gilts between 140 and 175 days of age. Gilts were exposed twice a day to a boar and subjected to oestrus detection from 150 to 175 days of age. Among the 30 gilts, 10 were detected in oestrus 4 to 7 days after the first introduction of the boar and were considered receptive to the boar effect, 14 were detected in oestrus more than 8 days after first boar contact, and six did not show oestrus and were considered non-receptive. Saliva samples from six receptive and six non-receptive gilts were analyzed for steroidome and for metabolome using gas chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry and 1H nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, respectively. Four saliva samples per gilt were analyzed: 25 days and 11 days before boar introduction, the day of boar introduction, 3 days later for receptive gilts or 7 days later for non-receptive gilts. Twenty-nine steroids and 31 metabolites were detected in gilt saliva. Salivary concentrations of six steroids and three metabolites were significantly different between receptive and non-receptive gilts: progesterone and glycolate 25 days before boar introduction, 3α5β20α- and 3β5α20β-hexahydroprogesterone, dehydroepiandrosterone, androstenediol, succinate, and butyrate 11 days before boar introduction, and 3β5α-tetrahydroprogesterone on the day of boar introduction. Thus, nine potential salivary biomarkers of boar effect receptivity were identified in our experimental conditions. Further studies with higher numbers of gilts and salivary sampling points are necessary to ascertain their reliability.
Published: 2021
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3. Herbage intake regulation and growth of rabbits raised on grasslands: back to basics and looking forward

Author: G. Martin, A. Duprat, J.-P. Goby, J.-P. Theau, A. Roinsard, M. Descombes, H. Legendre, and T. Gidenne
Subjects: organic agriculture, agroecology, herbage allowance, grazing, rabbit, Animal culture, SF1-1100
Abstract: Organic agriculture is developing worldwide, and organic rabbit production has developed within this context. It entails raising rabbits in moving cages or paddocks, which enables them to graze grasslands. As organic farmers currently lack basic technical information, the objective of this article is to characterize herbage intake, feed intake and the growth rate of rabbits raised on grasslands in different environmental and management contexts (weather conditions, grassland type and complete feed supplementation). Three experiments were performed with moving cages at an experimental station. From weaning, rabbits grazed a natural grassland, a tall fescue grassland and a sainfoin grassland in experiments 1, 2 and 3, respectively. Rabbit diets were supplemented with a complete pelleted feed limited to 69 g dry matter (DM)/rabbit per day in experiment 1 and 52 g DM/rabbit per day in experiments 2 and 3. Herbage allowance and fiber, DM and protein contents, as well as rabbit intake and live weight, were measured weekly. Mean herbage DM intake per rabbit per day differed significantly (P
Published: 2016
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4. Low-input outdoor and organic poultry productions: how to improve animal welfare in these systems ?

Author: Bonnefous, Claire, Collin, Anne, Niemi, Jarkko, Väre, Minna, Parrott, Patricia, Walley, Keith, Re, Martina, Ponzio, Raffaella, Zuliani, Anna, Bas Rodenburg, T., Guesdon, Vanessa, Delanoue, Elsa, Roinsard, Antoine, Warin, Laura, Leterrier, Christine, Biologie des Oiseaux et Aviculture (BOA), Université de Tours (UT)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Natural Resources Institute Finland (LUKE), Harper Adams University, Associazione Italiana per l'Agricoltura Biologica (AIAB), Scuela Santa Anna (SSSA), Scuola Universitaria Superiore Sant'Anna [Pisa] (SSSUP), Slow Food Biodiversity, Veterinari Senza Frontiere Italia, Sede c/o Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie viale dell'Università, Utrecht University [Utrecht], JUNIA (JUNIA), Université catholique de Lille (UCL), Institut de l'élevage (IDELE), Institut Technique de l'Agriculture Biologique (ITAB), ITAVI, Physiologie de la reproduction et des comportements [Nouzilly] (PRC), Institut Français du Cheval et de l'Equitation [Saumur] (IFCE)-Université de Tours (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), This project has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement No 816172, and European Project: 816172,H2020-EU.3.2.1.1. - Increasing production efficiency and coping with climate change, while ensuring sustainability and resilience ,PPILOW (2019)
Subjects: welfare, [SCCO]Cognitive science, poultry, organic, practices, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], [SHS.PSY]Humanities and Social Sciences/Psychology, low-input outdoor
Abstract: International audience
Published: 2022

5. 'Du national au local ou comment décrypter les usages et les effets de l'action publique Outre-mer'

Author: Roinsard, Nicolas, Laboratoire d'Etudes Sociologiques sur la Construction et la Reproduction Sociales (LESCORES), and Université Clermont Auvergne [2017-2020] (UCA [2017-2020])
Subjects: ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, [SHS]Humanities and Social Sciences
Abstract: International audience
Published: 2021

6. Overview of adapted and translated tools (Deliverable 4.1 OK-Net EcoFeed Project)

Author: Roinsard, Antoine, De Simone, Ambra, and Moeskops, Bram
Subjects: Food systems, Feeding and growth, "Organics" in general, Animal husbandry
Abstract: This deliverable is part of the Horizon 2020 project OK-Net EcoFeed. The overall aim of OK-Net EcoFeed is to help farmers, breeders and the organic feed processing industry in achieving the goal of 100% use of organic and regional feed for monogastrics, in particular pigs, broilers, laying hens and parents of broilers and laying hens. The aim of “Work package 4 (WP4)- Evaluation of existing tools and development of new tools” is to collect and prepare end-user materials and develop new tools adapted to the needs of farmers, feed processors and breeders and helping to solve the challenge of organic and regional feed for monogastrics. The specific objectives of WP4 are to collect, evaluate and describe existing tools and end-user material, translate and adapt most promising tools, create fact sheets and videos and develop ration-planning tools for pigs, broilers and laying hens. Following up Task 4.1: “Collection, evaluation and description of tools and end-user material”, task 4.2: “Translation and adaption of existing end-user material” aims to further make available the collected knowledge in the languages of the relevant European countries. Based on the inputs from Task 4.1 (collection of existing tools from projects partners), each Innovation Group (IG) chose the most interesting tools to be adapted/translated. This deliverable, D.4.1 “Overview of adapted and translated tools”, is an overview of all the tools which were adapted/translated by the IGs. A total of 11 tools have been translated/adapted by the end of November 2020 (5 tools are ongoing). The tool descriptions for all adapted tools as well as the adapted tools themselves will be uploaded on the Organic Farm knowledge platform.
Published: 2021

7. PPILOW: innovations for improving animal welfare and human well-being in low-input outdoor and organic poultry and pig production systems

Author: Lucia Rocchi, Anne Collin, Giuditta Meloni, Claire Bonnefous, Martina Re, Laura van Vooren, An Jamart, Jarkko Niemi, Minna Väre, Katja Lähtinen, Tuyttens, Frank A. M., Mirjan Thys, Evelien Graat, Charlotte Vanden Hole, Tb (bas) Rodenburg, Saskia Kliphuis, Mona Giersberg, Antoine Roinsard, Olivia Tavares, Brieuc Desaint, Sanna Steenfeldt, Pedersen, Lene J., Engberg, Ricarda M., Isam Almadani Mohamad, Riccardo Carelli, Marlene Sciarretta, Andrea Rosati, Guilloteau, Laurence A., Sophie Réhault-Godbert, Joël Gautron, Elisabeth Le Bihan-Duval, Sandrine Mignon-Grasteau, Cécile Berri, Alexandre Barbin, Elodie Guettier, Elisabeth Baéza, Pascal Chartrin, Thierry Bordeau, Emilie Raynaud, Nathalie Couroussé, Estelle Cailleau-Audouin, Sabine Crochet, Pauline Bodin, Léa Tourneur, Adrien Guichaoua, Henry van den Brand, Bas Kemp, Cesare Castellini, Maxime Reverchon, Daniel Guemene, Michel Sourdioux, Sophie Brard-Fudulea, Roland Akakpo, Frédérique Renard-Dewinter, Ninfa Rangel Pedersen, Brunsgaard Grete, Rene Schepens, Maria Almind, Stefaan Depraetere, Katia Grenier, David Dubuc, Marie-Véronique Le Lann, Raffaella Ponzio, Marina Mainardi, Caterina Accotto, Monica Coletta, Vanessa Guesdon, Hélène Leruste, Bérangère Billiard, Vitor Hugo Bessa Ferreira, Keith Walley, Patricia Parrott, Shelley Allan, Lisa Baldinger, Helen Pluschke, Elsa Delanoue, Florence Macherez, Warin Laura, Jonathan Hercule, Marion Pertusa, Mathilde Stomp, Angelique Travel, Isabelle Bouvarel, Karine Germain, Laure Ravon, Ludovic Calandreau, Valérie Labas, Armelle Prunier, Elodie Merlot, Céline Tallet, Marie-Hélène Perruchot, Isabelle Louveau, Milgen, Jaap J., Frederic Dessauge, Caroline Clouard, Marie-Christine Meunier-Salaün, Bénédicte Lebret, Lucile Montagne, Justine Faure, Anna Zuliani, Pietro Venezia, Canario, Laurianne L., Stéphane Ferchaud, Vasile Cozma, Marina Spinu, Mihai Horia Bǎieş, Valérie Courboulay, Christine Roguet, Didier Gaudré, Patrick Chevillon, Laurent Alibert, Virginie Decruyenaere, Sophie Herremans, José Wavreille, Pia Vanggaard, Jan Bro Vanggaard, Cristina Micheloni, Petra Thobe, Università degli Studi di Perugia = University of Perugia (UNIPG), Biologie des Oiseaux et Aviculture (BOA), Université de Tours (UT)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Associazione Italiana per l'Agricoltura Biologica (AIAB), Scuela Santa Anna (SSSA), Scuola Universitaria Superiore Sant'Anna [Pisa] (SSSUP), BioForum Vlaanderen, Natural Resources Institute Finland (LUKE), Research Institute for Agricultural, Fisheries and Food (ILVO), Utrecht University [Utrecht], Institut Technique de l'Agriculture Biologique (ITAB), Aarhus University [Aarhus], Thuenen Institute of Farm Economics, European Association for Animal Production (EAAP), Les instituts techniques agricoles (Acta), Wageningen University and Research [Wageningen] (WUR), Syndicat des Sélectionneurs Avicoles et Aquacoles Français (SYSAAF), Fermentation Experts, Circular Organics, Équipe Micro et nanosystèmes HyperFréquences Fluidiques (LAAS-MH2F), Laboratoire d'analyse et d'architecture des systèmes (LAAS), Université Toulouse Capitole (UT Capitole), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse Capitole (UT Capitole), Université de Toulouse (UT), Équipe DIagnostic, Supervision et COnduite (LAAS-DISCO), Slow Food Biodiversity, JUNIA (JUNIA), Université catholique de Lille (UCL), Harper Adams University, Thuenen-Institute of Organic Farming, ITAVI, Institut de l'élevage (IDELE), Elevage Alternatif et Santé des Monogastriques (UE EASM), Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Physiologie de la reproduction et des comportements [Nouzilly] (PRC), Institut Français du Cheval et de l'Equitation [Saumur] (IFCE)-Université de Tours (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Physiologie, Environnement et Génétique pour l'Animal et les Systèmes d'Elevage [Rennes] (PEGASE), Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-INSTITUT AGRO Agrocampus Ouest, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), SIVtro VSF Italia, Génétique Physiologie et Systèmes d'Elevage (GenPhySE ), Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse (ENVT), Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-École nationale supérieure agronomique de Toulouse (ENSAT), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Unité Expérimentale Elevages Porcins Innovants (GenESI), USAMV Cluj-Napoca, Institut du Porc (IFIP), Centre Wallon de Recherches Agronomiques (CRA-W), Vanggaard Staldmontage, The PPILOW project has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation Programme under grant agreement N°816172., One Welfare CIC, PPILOW, and European Project: 816172,H2020-EU.3.2.1.1. - Increasing production efficiency and coping with climate change, while ensuring sustainability and resilience ,PPILOW (2019)
Subjects: [SDV.SA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences, [SDV.GEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics, [SCCO]Cognitive science, [SDV.BA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Animal biology, [SDV.AEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition, [SDV.BDD]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Development Biology, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, [SHS]Humanities and Social Sciences
Abstract: International audience
Published: 2021

8. Organic pig and poultry production: what are the animal welfare challenges?

Author: Bonnefous, Claire, Collin, Anne, Niemi, Jarkko, Väre, Minna, Parrott, Patricia, Walley, Keith, Re, Martina, Ponzio, Raffaella, Rodenburg, T. Bas, Tallet, Céline, Merlot, Elodie, Montagne, Lucile, Faure, Justine, Guilloteau, Laurence, Guesdon, Vanessa, Leruste, Hélène, Delanoue, Elsa, Alibert, Laurent, Roinsard, Antoine, Warin, Laura, Leterrier, Christine, Biologie des Oiseaux et Aviculture (BOA), Université de Tours (UT)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Natural Resources Institute Finland (LUKE), Harper Adams University, Associazione Italiana per l'Agricoltura Biologica (AIAB), Scuela Santa Anna (SSSA), Scuola Universitaria Superiore Sant'Anna [Pisa] (SSSUP), Slow Food Biodiversity, Utrecht University [Utrecht], Physiologie, Environnement et Génétique pour l'Animal et les Systèmes d'Elevage [Rennes] (PEGASE), Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut Agro Rennes Angers, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), Physiologie de la reproduction et des comportements [Nouzilly] (PRC), Institut Français du Cheval et de l'Equitation [Saumur] (IFCE)-Université de Tours (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), JUNIA (JUNIA), Université catholique de Lille (UCL), Institut de l'élevage (IDELE), Institut du Porc (IFIP), Institut Technique de l'Agriculture Biologique (ITAB), ITAVI, This project has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement No 816172, and European Project: 816172,H2020-EU.3.2.1.1. - Increasing production efficiency and coping with climate change, while ensuring sustainability and resilience ,PPILOW (2019)
Subjects: [SCCO]Cognitive science, [SHS.SOCIO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Sociology, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Animal husbandry, Farming Systems
Abstract: International audience; Although organic animal production is based on farming systems that enable a high degree of expression of natural behaviour by the animals, there are still some welfare challenges in such systems. Our study provides a state of the art of practices that could improve animal welfare in organic productions and interviews with key informants have been conducted to identify gaps and opportunities for animal welfare. This study provides a shortlist of practices that could be used to improve animal welfare while taking into account farmer wellbeing and sustainability and so contributing to “One Welfare”.
Published: 2021

9. The multi-actor PPILOW European project: a participative approach to co-build innovations for welfare improvement in organic pig and poultry farms

Author: Micheloni, Cristina, Jamart, An, Re, Martina, van Vooren, Laura, Niemi, Jarkko, Tuyttens, Frank A.M., Rodenburg, Tb (bas), Roinsard, Antoine, Steenfeldt, Sanna, Thobe, Petra, Carelli, Riccardo, Sciarretta, Marlene, Bonnefous, Claire, Bodin, Pauline, Rosati, Andrea, van den Brand, Henry, Rocchi, Lucia, Reverchon, Maxime, Decruyenaere, Virginie, Wavreille, José, Grete, Brunsgaard, Depraetere, Stefaan, Grenier, Katia, Vanggaard, Jan, Ponzio, Raffaella, Guesdon, Vanessa, Leruste, Hélène, Walley, Keith, Cozma, Vasile, Le Bihan-Duval, Elisabeth, Engberg, Ricarda M., Réhault-Godbert, Sophie, Baldinger, Lisa, Thys, Mirjan, Prunier, Armelle, Merlot, Elodie, Tallet, Céline, Montagne, Lucile, Canario, Laurianne, Delanoue, Elsa, Courboulay, Valérie, Hercule, Jonathan, Leterrier, Christine, Latchoumia, Joselle, Laura, Warin, Collin, Anne, Associazione Italiana per l'Agricoltura Biologica (AIAB), BioForum Vlaanderen, Scuela Santa Anna (SSSA), Scuola Universitaria Superiore Sant'Anna [Pisa] (SSSUP), Natural Resources Institute Finland (LUKE), Research Institute for Agricultural, Fisheries and Food (ILVO), Utrecht University [Utrecht], Institut Technique de l'Agriculture Biologique (ITAB), Aarhus University [Aarhus], Thuenen Institute of Farm Economics, European Association for Animal Production (EAAP), Biologie des Oiseaux et Aviculture (BOA), Université de Tours (UT)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Les instituts techniques agricoles (Acta), Wageningen University and Research [Wageningen] (WUR), Università degli Studi di Perugia = University of Perugia (UNIPG), Syndicat des Sélectionneurs Avicoles et Aquacoles Français (SYSAAF), Centre Wallon de Recherches Agronomiques (CRA-W), Fermentation Experts, Circular Organics, Équipe Micro et nanosystèmes HyperFréquences Fluidiques (LAAS-MH2F), Laboratoire d'analyse et d'architecture des systèmes (LAAS), Université Toulouse Capitole (UT Capitole), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse Capitole (UT Capitole), Université de Toulouse (UT), Vanggaard Staldmontage, Slow Food Biodiversity, JUNIA (JUNIA), Université catholique de Lille (UCL), Harper Adams University, USAMV Cluj-Napoca, Thuenen-Institute of Organic Farming, Physiologie, Environnement et Génétique pour l'Animal et les Systèmes d'Elevage [Rennes] (PEGASE), Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-INSTITUT AGRO Agrocampus Ouest, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), Génétique Physiologie et Systèmes d'Elevage (GenPhySE ), Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse (ENVT), Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-École nationale supérieure agronomique de Toulouse (ENSAT), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Institut de l'élevage (IDELE), Institut du Porc (IFIP), ITAVI, Physiologie de la reproduction et des comportements [Nouzilly] (PRC), Institut Français du Cheval et de l'Equitation [Saumur] (IFCE)-Université de Tours (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), INRAE Transfert, The PPILOW project has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation Programme under grant agreement N°816172., IFOAM, PPILOW, and European Project: 816172,H2020-EU.3.2.1.1. - Increasing production efficiency and coping with climate change, while ensuring sustainability and resilience ,PPILOW (2019)
Subjects: [SDV.SA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences, [SDV.GEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics, [SCCO]Cognitive science, [SDV.BA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Animal biology, [SDV.BBM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, [SDV.BDLR]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Reproductive Biology, [SDV.AEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition, [SDV.BDD]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Development Biology, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, [SHS]Humanities and Social Sciences
Abstract: International audience
Published: 2021

10. Ileal amino acids digestibility in organic protein feedstuffs for pigs

Author: Renaudeau, David, Gaudré, D., Juin, Hervé, Roinsard, A., Physiologie, Environnement et Génétique pour l'Animal et les Systèmes d'Elevage [Rennes] (PEGASE), AGROCAMPUS OUEST, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Institut du Porc (IFIP), Elevage Alternatif et Santé des Monogastriques (UE EASM), Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), and Institut Technique de l'Agriculture Biologique (ITAB)
Subjects: [SDV.SA.SPA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences/Animal production studies, food and beverages
Abstract: International audience; The objective of this study was to determine the standardized ileal digestibility (SID) of crude protein (CP) and amino acids (AA) in a whole seed soya bean, a soybean meal (SBM), two forage peas grain (FP), two rapeseed meals (RM) and two sunflower meals (SM). A total of 8 male growing pigs (35 kg BW) individually fitted with ileorectal anastomosis were used into two parallel 5×5 Latin square designs with 5 diets and 5 periods each. A total of nine casein-corn starch based diets were prepared with 25% of the each protein sources (diets 2 to 9) or with casein as sole source of CP and AA (diet 1). On a 6th period, a N-free diet was used to measure the non-specific basal CP and AA endogenous losses. Within each collection period, ileal digesta were collected during three consecutive days after a 4-d adaptation period to the experimental diets. When compared to the whole seed soya bean, the SID of CP and AA was significantly higher in SBM (49.1 vs 82.8% for lysine). Within the FP sources, the SID of lysine varied from 71.5 to 84.4%. This variation was related to a difference in their fibre contents (15.2 vs 13.7% NDF) and in their antitrypsin factors activity (2,908 vs 1,895 TUI/g). In RM and SM sources, the SID of lysine were rather similar despite significant changes in NDF contents suggesting that others factors would affect the bioavailability of lysine for pigs. In SM, lysine has the lower SID compared to the others AA resulting in a very low amount of SID lysine (7.5 g/kg). This low availability of lysine could be related to high temperature during the oil extraction. The comparison of the AA SID values in organic rich protein sources to those available in the INRAE tables for non-organic feedstuffs showed some nutritional specificities especially for organic sources of SBM and FP that require to be addressed in furthers studies.
Published: 2021

11. OK-Net EcoFeed Knowledge synthesis of feed production (Deliverable 2.2 OK-Net EcoFeed Project)

Author: Studnitz, Merete, Díaz-Gaona, Cipriano, Moeskops, Bram, Grete Kongsted, Anne, Værum Nørgaard, Jan, Papi, Eugenio, Morell Perez, Angela, Reyes-Palomo, Carolina, Rodríguez- Estévez, Vicente, Roinsard, Antoine, Steenfeldt, Sanna, Stødkilde-Jørgensen, Lene, Kappel Theil, Peter, and Åkerfeldt, Magdalena
Subjects: Food systems, Food security, food quality and human health, Feeding and growth, "Organics" in general, Animal husbandry
Abstract: The transition to 100% organic feed ingredients for organic livestock is expected to take effect from January 1st 2020 in Europe. In order to contribute to the goal of 100% use of organic and regional feed for monogastrics, this knowledge synthesis “Feeding monogastrics 100% organic and regionally produced feed“ aims to describe: • the protein need for organic monogastric animals (pigs, layers and broilers), including different breeds and rearing conditions • different protein feed resources, mostly new or not commonly used protein sources, their nutrient content, production prerequisites, and their potential feeding value • small-scale, on-farm equipment for feed processing • different feeding strategies. The knowledge synthesis should enable participants in Innovation groups (IG) and Thematic groups (TG) to choose feed materials, feeding strategies, breeds and perhaps even small-scale on-farm equipment for testing when aiming at 100% organic and regionally produced feed for monogastrics. In the knowledge synthesis it is concluded: When feeding pigs and poultry 100% organic and regionally produced feed, getting enough protein and specific amino acids is a challenge. There are two ways to go and they can be combined. One is to utilize by-products, for example waste from various productions, and explore new protein sources e.g. marine products or to refine already known products such as grass. The other way is to feed the animals less intensively and for this feeding strategy slow-growing breeds fit better. Some slowgrowing breeds are already known, some are rediscovered old breeds. The challenge with the slow-growing and less-yielding breeds is that the production is getting smaller and either the farmer will earn less or the prices of eggs and meat will increase. However, the possibilities for combinations of regionally grown feed, low-yielding breeds with different feeding strategies are many and they need to be explored. Finally, the knowledge synthesis identify needs for new knowledge on: • nutritional requirements of alternative breeds. Precise nutrient recommendations for organically produced pigs and poultry do not exist. • nutritional value of new protein sources for monogastric animals • various combinations of breeds, grazing and supplemental feed. Small-scale on-farm equipment to refine locally produced raw materials needs to be developed.
Published: 2021

12. PPILOW 1st technical report. Part B

Author: Collin, Anne, Niemi, Jarkko, Leterrier, Christine, Walley, Keith, Thobe, Petra, Micheloni, Cristina, Re, Martina, Tuyttens, Frank A.M., Warin, Laura, Rocchi, Lucia, Bas Rodenburg, T., Prunier, Armelle, Roinsard, Antoine, Baldinger, Lisa, Réhault-Godbert, Sophie, Steenfeldt, Sanna, Le Bihan-Duval, Elisabeth, van den Brand, Henry, Engberg, Ricarda M., Canario, Laurianne, Castellini, Cesare, Hercule, Jonathan, Carelli, Riccardo, Sciarretta, Marlene, Lagendijk, Emmanuelle, Vermue, Anthony, Biologie des Oiseaux et Aviculture (BOA), Université de Tours (UT)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Natural Resources Institute Finland (LUKE), Physiologie de la reproduction et des comportements [Nouzilly] (PRC), Institut Français du Cheval et de l'Equitation [Saumur] (IFCE)-Université de Tours (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Harper Adams University, Thuenen Institute of Farm Economics, Associazione Italiana per l'Agricoltura Biologica (AIAB), Scuela Santa Anna (SSSA), Scuola Universitaria Superiore Sant'Anna [Pisa] (SSSUP), Research Institute for Agricultural, Fisheries and Food (ILVO), ITAVI, Università degli Studi di Perugia = University of Perugia (UNIPG), Utrecht University [Utrecht], Physiologie, Environnement et Génétique pour l'Animal et les Systèmes d'Elevage [Rennes] (PEGASE), Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut Agro Rennes Angers, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), Institut Technique de l'Agriculture Biologique (ITAB), Thuenen-Institute of Organic Farming, Aarhus University [Aarhus], Wageningen University and Research [Wageningen] (WUR), Génétique Physiologie et Systèmes d'Elevage (GenPhySE ), Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse (ENVT), Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-École nationale supérieure agronomique de Toulouse (ENSAT), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), European Association for Animal Production (EAAP), INRAE Transfert, The project PPILOW has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement N°816172, INRAE, PPILOW, and European Project: 816172,H2020-EU.3.2.1.1. - Increasing production efficiency and coping with climate change, while ensuring sustainability and resilience ,PPILOW (2019)
Subjects: [SDV.SA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences, [SCCO]Cognitive science, [SDV.GEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics, [SDV.BA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Animal biology, [SDV.BBM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, [SDV.BDLR]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Reproductive Biology, [SDV.BC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Cellular Biology, [SDV.AEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition, [SDV.BDD]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Development Biology, [SDV.BIBS]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Quantitative Methods [q-bio.QM], [SHS]Humanities and Social Sciences
Published: 2021

13. Borders and Ecotones in the Indian Ocean

Author: Arnold, Markus, Chakravarty, Pallavi, Chowdhury, Debdatta, Duboin, Corinne, Fageol, Pierre-Éric, Garan, Frédéric, Gouaux-Rabasa, Laurence, Hillion, Marianne, Huet, Elisa, Huu, Cécile Do, Jacobs, J. U., Jalais, Annu, Magdelaine-Andrianjafitrimo, Valérie, Misrahi-Barak, Judith, Patel, Shenaz, Roinsard, Nicolas, Saint-Loubert, Laëtitia, Samuelson, Meg, Tyagi, Ritu, Arnold, Markus, Duboin, Corinne, and Misrahi-Barak, Judith
Subjects: Liminality, Ecotones, Borders, Migrations, LIT000000, Literature (General), Cultural studies, Indian Ocean, DS
Abstract: Les essais critiques réunis dans ce volume prennent leur ancrage dans l’océan Indien et explorent les multiples façons dont la dynamique des échanges a formé cette région multilingue, de l’Inde aux Mascareignes et au sud de l’Afrique. Frontières, bords et tiers espaces sont revisités à travers la notion d’écotone, une zone de transition entre deux écosystèmes. Si le terme a été surtout utilisé par les biologistes et les écologistes, l’angle métaphorique est particulièrement fertile en ce qu’il autorise les approches trans-disciplinaires et rend possibles des perspectives nouvelles. En anglais et en français, le but de ce volume est d’enrichir la recherche déjà publiée dans plusieurs champs disciplinaires et de participer au développement des études indo-océaniques. Les auteurs du volume réexaminent ces écotones comme des espaces de frictions autant que des espaces de fusion. Les essais sont écrits par Pallavi Chakravarty, Debdatta Chowdhury, Cécile Do Huu, Pierre-Éric Fageol et Frédéric Garan, Laurence Gouaux-Rabasa, Elisa Huet, Marianne Hillion, J.U. Jacobs, Annu Jalais, Valérie Magdelaine-Andrianjafitrimo, Nicolas Roinsard, Laëtitia Saint-Loubert, Meg Samuelson, Ritu Tyagi. Une conversation avec l’écrivaine mauricienne Shenaz Patel offre une conclusion en forme d’ouverture vers la création littéraire. This collection of critical essays anchors itself in the Indian Ocean and explores the multiple ways dynamic exchanges have shaped this multilingual region of the world, from India to the Mascarene Islands to Southern Africa. Borders, edges and third spaces are revisited through the notion of the ecotone, a transitional zone between two ecosystems. If the term has primarily been used by biologists and ecologists, the metaphorical angle proves to be fruitful as it authorizes trans-disciplinary approaches and empowers fresh perspectives. In French and in English, the aim of the volume is to contribute to scholarship already published across various disciplinary fields and to participate in the development of Indoceanic studies. The authors of the volume aim to rethink those ecotonal sites that are spaces of frictions as much as spaces of fusion. The essays are by Pallavi Chakravarty, Debdatta Chowdhury, Cécile Do Huu, Pierre-Éric Fageol and Frédéric Garan, Laurence Gouaux-Rabasa, Elisa Huet, Marianne Hillion, J.U. Jacobs, Annu Jalais, Valérie Magdelaine-Andrianjafitrimo, Nicolas Roinsard, Laëtitia Saint-Loubert, Meg Samuelson, Ritu Tyagi. A conversation with the Mauritian writer Shenaz Patel offers a conclusion that opens the horizon towards literary creation.
Published: 2021

14. Ration planning tools (Deliverable 4.3 OK-Net EcoFeed Project)

Author: Roinsard, Antoine, Früh, Barbara, and De Simone, Ambra
Subjects: Food systems, Feeding and growth, "Organics" in general, Animal husbandry
Abstract: This deliverable is part of the Horizon 2020 project – OK-Net EcoFeed. The overall aim of OK-Net EcoFeed is to help farmers, breeders and the organic feed processing industry in achieving the goal of 100% use of organic and regional feed for monogastrics, in particular pigs, broilers, laying hens and parents of broilers and laying hens. The aim of “Work package 4 (WP4)- Evaluation of existing tools and development of new tools” is to collect and prepare end-user materials and develop new tools adapted to the needs of farmers, feed processors and breeders and helping to solve the challenge of organic and regional feed for monogastrics. The specific objectives of WP4 are to collect, evaluate and describe existing tools and end-user material, translate and adapt most promising tools, create fact sheets and videos and develop ration-planning tools for pigs, broilers and laying hens. This deliverable reports about the development of the ration planning tool to help farmers to calculate animal’s diet at farm scale. In particular, organic data are collected to propose the table with nutritional value of organic feedstuffs and animal requirement taking into account specific parameters of organic production (e.g. extensive livestock with longer growing period for pigs and broilers). Several feeds formulation software packages were reviewed to evaluate their use and limitations. Recommendations on organic animal nutrients requirement for swine and poultry were obtained from three countries (France, Germany, and Switzerland) and calculations were made to provide the total and digestible amino acids where applicable. The nutrient composition data of organic feedstuffs ingredients were obtained from an organic table made by AFZ (Association Française de Zootechnie) and ITAB while other data were obtained from Feed-table (INRA), Feedipedia, and other literature. Two feed planning packages were made for organic poultry and swine, respectively. The data were simplified to enable farmers to use the ration planning tool without extensive knowledge of feed formulation software packages. For this purpose, the tools outputs were made in charts that could be easily interpretated.
Published: 2021

15. Steroidome And Metabolome Analysis In Saliva From Immature To Pubertal Gilts To Identify Potential Biomarkers Of Receptivity To Boar Effect

Author: Goudet, Ghylène, Liere, Philippe, Pianos, Antoine, Fernandez, Neïké, Cambourg, Annie, Savoie, Jonathan, Staub, Christophe, Venturi, Eric, Douet, Cécile, Ferchaud, Stéphane, Maupertuis, Florence, Roinsard, Antoine, Boulot, Sylviane, and Prunier, Armelle
Subjects: endocrine system, urogenital system, "Organics" in general
Abstract: Our objective was to develop alternatives to hormones for estrus synchronization in gilts. Gilts exhibit a pre-puberty period with high urinary estrone concentration during which boar exposure could induce the first ovulation. We searched for salivary biomarkers of this period. Urine and saliva were collected on six 140-day-old gilts until puberty for estrone assay, metabolome and steroidome analysis. We identified 23 metabolites and 28 steroids in saliva. The concentration of 8 of them showed significant variations at the pre-puberty period, they were candidate biomarkers. Saliva was collected from 30 gilts exposed to a boar and subjected to estrus detection from 150 to 175 days of age. Metabolome and steroidome analyses allowed the identification of 33 metabolites and 29 steroids in saliva. Their concentrations were not significantly different between receptive and non-receptive gilts. Thus, we could not identify salivary biomarkers of the period of receptivity to the boar effect.
Published: 2021

16. Digital breeding and assisted management in organic rabbit farming: the first results

Author: Huang, Yayu, Gigou, Marie, Goby, J, Roinsard, Antoine, Savietto, Davi, Gidenne, Thierry, and Gidenne, Thierry
Subjects: [SDV.SA] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences, economy, Performance referencing, digital breeding, Smartphone application, Organic rabbit farming
Abstract: A smartphone application GAELA combining decision support (breeding management) and performance recording (single, direct and secure entry on a public server) for rabbit farming using individual monitoring of breeders was created. Performance of reproduction were compiled for 6 farms over 2 years of production (2018-2020). The livestock size averaged 30 does and varied largely among the farms. With 3.9 matings, 2.6 parturitions per female/year were obtained (66.8% fertility rate). Total number of kits born by parturition averaged 7.8 and total number of kits born alive averaged 7.1. The present study validated the utility of GAELA application and confirmed the modest performances in organic rabbit farming. The new version of GAELA application is available since the end of 2020. It provides new functions facilitating daily management and is improved to avoid entering incorrect information. New functions such as “Pregnancy Palpation”, “Adoption” and “Fattening Management” are also available in this version. The future version of GAELA will further provide the calculation and analysis of performances of breeders or of the flock, and it will build a national reference system for "non-conventional" rabbit farming.
Published: 2021

17. The online platform 'Organic Farm Knowledge'

Author: Willer, Helga, Moeskops, Bram, Roinsard, Antoine, Basler, Andreas, Kemper, Laura, and Rasmussen, Ilse A.
Subjects: Education, extension and communication
Abstract: The complexity of organic farming requires farmers to have a very high level of knowledge and skills, but cross- border exchange on farming practices, including organic, remains limited. The Organic Farm Knowledge platform (https://organic-farmknowledge.org/) provides access to a wide range of tools and resources about organic farming that can help improve production, and it promotes the exchange of knowledge among farmers, farm advisors, and scientists. The first version of the platform was built by the project OK-Net Arable, and it is now extended by OK-Net EcoFeed. Both projects are thematic networks funded under the European Union’s research programme Horizon 2020. OK-Net Arable aimed to improve productivity in organic arable cropping, while OK-Net EcoFeed aims to help organic pig and poultry farmers achieve the goal of using 100% organic and regional feed. In addition to these two projects, Organic Farm Knowledge is cooperating with several other projects to widen the knowledge base of the platform.
Published: 2021

18. Ration planning tool, user manual and webinar: Poultry and swine

Author: Loïc, Labidalle, Roinsard, Antoine, Ahmad, Muhammad Sani, Früh, Barbara, and Dietemann, Lauren
Subjects: Feeding and growth, Pigs, Poultry, Farm economics
Abstract: Feed production software already exists, but does not adequately meet the needs of organic animal producers. The calculation software improves the feed database to meet the needs of organic farmers. The tools objective is to help farmers achieve a 100% organic diet for monogastric animals by improving the feed database programme. This aligns with the feed objectives for the coming years, the goals of farm autonomy. The tool allows the user to compose rations for pig and poultry farming based on two entries: 1. Production objectives (Types of animals, age, slaughter weight, laying potential...) and, 2. Usable organic feedstuffs. The user manual and video help farmers properly use the tool.
Published: 2021

19. Using Life Cycle Assessment To Assess And Improve The Environmental Performance Of Organic Production Systems

Author: Nitschelm, Laure, Flipo, Blanche, Chambaut, Hélène, Colomb, Vincent, Gac, Armelle, Dauguet, Sylvie, Espagnol, Sandrine, Le Gall, Cécile, Perrin, Aurélie, Ponchant, Paul, Renaud-Gentié, Christel, Roinsard, Antoine, Sautereau, Natacha, Tailleur, Aurélie, and Van Der Werf, Hayo
Subjects: Crop health, quality, protection, Biodiversity and ecosystem services
Abstract: Life cycle assessment (LCA) is an international method that allows an estimation of a set of environmental impacts of products. A growing number of studies have used LCA to assess environmental impacts of agricultural products, but available LCA data mainly concern conventional agriculture. The ACV-Bio project has created LCA data for arable crops, grassland, forages, grapes, cattle, sheep, pigs and poultry in France. For most products, contrasting production systems were assessed to explore a diversity of organic systems. The web-based MEANS-InOut software was used to facilitate and streamline the generation of LCA data, and their external review by independent experts. Impact values were calculated for nine indicators. The InOut software was enhanced to allow assessment of intercrops and cropping systems, which are important elements of organic systems and of agro-ecological systems in general. Eco-design scenarios of pig and grape production systems allowed impact reductions of 0 - 22%, depending on the impact considered.
Published: 2021

20. A New Simplified Performance Referencing System Adapted To Organic Rabbit Farming

Author: Gidenne, Thierry, Savietto, Davi, Lamothe, Laurence, Roinsard, Antoine, and Gidenne, Thierry
Subjects: [SDV.SA] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences, Animal husbandry, Farming Systems
Abstract: A referencing system to collect and analyse performances of French organic rabbit farms was created using an Excel sheet. Performances of reproduction were compilated on 6 farms over 3 years of production (2015-2017). Does are housed in movable cage on pasture or in individual paddock, the livestock size averages 33 does. The productive time of a doe averaged 374 d. and was variable (75%). Female mortality averaged 17% over the period, while culling reached 10%. With 4.8 matings, 2.7 parturitions per female/year were obtained (60% fertility rate), for a total of 21.6 rabbits born alive and 16.7 weaned (26% mortality from birth to weaning). The yearly turnover of a full-time rabbit farmer (80 females) would potentially be around 26.3k€/year. The database is actually extending to a larger number of farms, thanks to the deployment of a smartphone application (GAELA), that enable a management assistance of the rabbit farm and data collection, synchronized to a national securised database. Introduction: Organic rabbit farming (ORF) is still a niche market in France, but the consumer demand exceeds the supply from about fifty farmers. ORF French specifications contains several rules, such grazing, natural breeding, slaughter from 100 days of age (photo 1). In conventional rabbit farming, the referencing of breeding performance in a national database has been practiced for more than 30 years. This allow identifying the technical progress or difficulties of rabbit farms, and to guide development and research efforts. In independent or organic rabbit farming there is no performance benchmarking. This lack of technical references is an obstacle to the development of the "alternative" rabbit sector, since this information allows farmers and supervisors to establish, organise and size an installation project. Our work (CUNIPAT project) thus aims to develop a computer tool to build a first referencing system for ORF Material and methods: The study belongs to the CUNIPAT project (INRA-ITAB), and was carried out in 3 steps: selection of farms, development of an Excel application and data collection from farms, and finally compilation and analysis of performance data. From a first list of organic rabbit farms (Roinsard et al., 2016), 6 were selected ccording to several criteria: organic certification, located in France, 3 years of performances saved, voluntair to participate to the study. The second step consisted in developing a computer tool, based on the Excel software, easy to use (called RTS2CuniBio), to collect technical data from the breeding books of the 6 breeders. RTS2CuniBio allows compiling data from several farms and over a flexible period of time (1 month to several years); for instance we have selected a 3 years period (1/01/2015 to 31/12/2017) on 6 farms. Our analysis was restricted to reproductive performances (Table 1). The Excel application is organized into 8 sheets: a menu to easily access the other sheets; a sheet for farm description; a "breeding" sheet listing females and males and their performances (Figure 1); a "reproduction" sheet to track matings, palpation, births and weanings; a "fattening" sheet to track batches that arrive and leave fattening; a "feedlot management" sheet to monitor crawl spaces and their occupancy rates; a "technical performance" sheet, which automatically calculates various indicators (Table 1) for a flexible period of time; and finally a "data quality" sheet which allows an analysis of the validity and reliability of the data (number, quality, etc.)). Check formulas have been added to sort and correct any wrong data (e. g. input error on delivery dates, or mating dates, etc.). This Excel spreadsheet (with instructions) is available on request from the authors.
Published: 2021

21. PPILOW, a European project dedicated to welfare in Poultry and PIg Low-input outdoor and Organic production systems - Newsletter issue 1

Author: Collin, Anne, Lagendijk, Emmanuelle, Re, Martina, Niemi, Jarkko, Kliphuis, Saskia, Baldinger, Lisa, Steenfeldt, Sanna, Reverchon, Maxime, Roinsard, Antoine, Bessa Ferreira, Vitor Hugo, Simoni, Arthur, Leruste, Hélène, Germain, Karine, Le Bihan-Duval, Elisabeth, Mignon-Grasteau, Sandrine, Guettier, Elodie, Calandreau, Ludovic, Guesdon, Vanessa, Bonnefous, Claire, Carelli, Riccardo, Sciarretta, Marlene, Collin, Anne, PPILOW - Poultry and PIg Low-input and Organic production systems' Welfare (#816172) - PPILOW - - H2020-EU.3.2.1.1. - Increasing production efficiency and coping with climate change, while ensuring sustainability and resilience 2019-09-01 - 2024-08-31 - 816172 - VALID, and EAAP
Subjects: [SDV.AEN] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition, [SDV.SA] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences, [SDV.BA] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Animal biology, [SDV.BDD] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Development Biology, [SDV.GEN] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics, [SCCO] Cognitive science, [SDV.BDLR] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Reproductive Biology
Published: 2020

22. A new technical referencing system for organic rabbit farming in France : first results

Author: Gidenne, Thierry, Fortun-Lamothe, Laurence, Roinsard, Antoine, Goby, Jean-Pierre, Cormouls, Mathilde, Savietto, Davi, Génétique Physiologie et Systèmes d'Elevage (GenPhySE ), École nationale supérieure agronomique de Toulouse [ENSAT]-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse (ENVT), Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Institut Technique de l'Agriculture Biologique (ITAB), Institut Universitaire de Technologie, and ProdInra, Migration
Subjects: [SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio], [SDV.GEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics, [SDV.GEN.GA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics/Animal genetics, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], rabbit, [INFO]Computer Science [cs], [SDV.GEN] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics, [SDV.GEN.GA] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics/Animal genetics, production, [INFO] Computer Science [cs], genetic, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract: International audience
Published: 2019

23. Steroidome and metabolome analysis in gilt saliva to identify biomarkers of boar effect receptivity

Author: Goudet, Ghylene, Liere, Philippe, Nadal-Desbarats, Lydie, Grivault, Doryan, Douet, Cécile, SAVOIE, Jonathan, Ferchaud, Stéphane, Maupertuis, Florence, ROINSARD, Antoine, BOULOT, Sylviane, Prunier, Armelle, Physiologie de la reproduction et des comportements [Nouzilly] (PRC), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Institut Français du Cheval et de l'Equitation [Saumur]-Université de Tours (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Petites Molécules de neuroprotection, neurorégénération et remyélinisation, Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Université de Tours (UT), Génétique, Expérimentation et Système Innovants (GenESI), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Unité Expérimentale de Physiologie Animale de l‘Orfrasiére (UE PAO), Chambre Régionale d'Agriculture des Pays de la Loire, Institut Technique de l'Agriculture Biologique (ITAB), Institut du Porc (IFIP), Physiologie, Environnement et Génétique pour l'Animal et les Systèmes d'Elevage [Rennes] (PEGASE), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AGROCAMPUS OUEST, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Institut Français du Cheval et de l'Equitation [Saumur]-Université de Tours-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Université de Tours
Subjects: [SDV.GEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics, [SDV.GEN.GA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics/Animal genetics, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], steroid, biomarkers, identification, [INFO]Computer Science [cs]
Abstract: International audience; Our objective was to develop alternatives to hormonal treatments to synchronize oestrus of gilts. Before puberty gilts exhibit a pre-puberty period during which boar exposure could induce and synchronize first ovulation. To develop practical non-invasive tools to identify this period and improve detection of the gilts to stimulate, we searched for salivary biomarkers of the pre-puberty period. Saliva samples were collected from 30 Large-White x Landrace crossbred gilts from 140 to 175 days of age. Gilts were exposed to a boar twice a day and subjected to oestrus detection from 150 to 175 days of age. Among the 30 gilts, 10 were detected in oestrus 4 to 7 days after introduction of the boar and were considered receptive to the boar effect, 14 were detected in oestrus more than 8 days after boar introduction, 6 did not show oestrus and were considered non-receptive. Saliva samples from 6 receptive and 6 non-receptive gilts were analysed for steroidome using GC-MS/MS and for metabolome using 1H-NMR spectroscopy. Four saliva samples per gilt were analysed: 26 days and 11 days before boar introduction (BI-26 and BI-11), the day of boar introduction (BI), 3 days later for receptive gilts (BI+3) or 7 days later for non-receptive gilts (BI+7). Data were analysed using repeated measures one-way ANOVA and orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis. Thirty steroids and 35 metabolites were detected in gilt saliva. The concentrations of 6 steroids were higher (P < 0.05) in receptive gilts than in non-receptive gilts at BI-26, BI-11 and BI. The concentration of 2 metabolites were lower (P < 0.05) in receptive gilts than in non-receptive gilts at BI-11. These candidates could be potential salivary biomarkers to detect receptive gilts. However, their low and variable concentrations in saliva require expensive analysis and limit their use in pig farms.
Published: 2019

24. Feeding monogastrics 100% organic and regionally produced feed

Author: Díaz-Gaona, Cipriano, Kongsted, Anne Grete, Nørgaard, Jan Værum, Papi, Eugenio, Perez, Angela Morell, Reyes-Palomo, Carolina, Rodríguez-Estévez, Vicente, Roinsard, Antoine, Steenfeldt, Sanna, Studnitz, Merete, Stødkilde-Jørgensen, Lene, Theil, Peter Kappel, Åkerfeldt, Magdalena, and Studnitz, Merete
Subjects: Europe, Pasture and forage crops, Feeding and growth, Pigs, Farming Systems, Poultry
Abstract: The transition to 100% organic feed ingredients for organic livestock is expected to take effect from January 1st 2020 in Europe. In order to contribute to the goal of 100% use of organic and regional feed for monogastrics, this knowledge synthesis “Feeding monogastrics 100% organic and regionally produced feed“ aims to describe: • the protein need for organic monogastric animals (pigs, layers and broilers), including different breeds and rearing conditions • different protein feed resources, mostly new or not commonly used protein sources, their nutrient content, production prerequisites, and their potential feeding value • small-scale, on-farm equipment for feed processing • different feeding strategies. The knowledge synthesis should enable participants in Innovation groups (IG) and Thematic groups (TG) to choose feed materials, feeding strategies, breeds and perhaps even small-scale on-farm equipment for testing when aiming at 100% organic and regionally produced feed for monogastrics. In the knowledge synthesis it is concluded: When feeding pigs and poultry 100% organic and regionally produced feed, getting enough protein and specific amino acids is a challenge. There are two ways to go and they can be combined. One is to utilize by-products, for example waste from various productions, and explore new protein sources e.g. marine products or to refine already known products such as grass. The other way is to feed the animals less intensively and for this feeding strategy slow-growing breeds fit better. Some slow-growing breeds are already known, some are rediscovered old breeds. The challenge with the slow-growing and less-yielding breeds is that the production is getting smaller and either the farmer will earn less or the prices of eggs and meat will increase. However, the possibilities for combinations of regionally grown feed, low-yielding breeds with different feeding strategies are many and they need to be explored. Finally, the knowledge synthesis identify needs for new knowledge on: • nutritional requirements of alternative breeds. Precise nutrient recommendations for organically produced pigs and poultry do not exist. • nutritional value of new protein sources for monogastric animals • various combinations of breeds, grazing and supplemental feed. Small-scale on-farm equipment to refine locally produced raw materials needs to be developed.
Published: 2019

25. Organic Knowledge Network on Monogastric Animal Feed

Author: Díaz-Gaona, Cipriano, Kongsted, Anne Grete, Nørgaard, Jan Værum, Papi, Eugenio, Morell Perez, Angela, Reyes-Palomo, Carolina, Rodríguez-Estévez, Vicente, Roinsard, Antoine, Steenfeldt, Sanna, Studnitz, Merete, Stødkilde-Jørgensen, Lene, Theil, Peter Kappel, and Åkerfeldt, Magdalena
Published: 2019

26. Herbage intake regulation and growth of rabbits raised on grasslands: back to basics and looking forward

Author: Heloise Legendre, Antoine Roinsard, Guillaume Martin, Jean Pierre Theau, Audrey Duprat, Jean-Pierre Goby, Maryn Descombes, Thierry Gidenne, AGroécologie, Innovations, teRritoires (AGIR), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Génétique Physiologie et Systèmes d'Elevage (GenPhySE ), École nationale supérieure agronomique de Toulouse [ENSAT]-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse (ENVT), Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Perpignan Via Domitia (UPVD), Institut Technique de l'Agriculture Biologique (ITAB), and This work was funded by the French Ministry of Agriculture (Casdar complémentaire Lapin Bio), the INRA metaprogram GISA (project PROF), the INRA division PHASE (project MarkPast) and the INRA AgriBio 4 program (project CUNIPAT).
Subjects: Dietary Fiber, agroecology, Animal feed, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], organic agriculture, rabbit, Context (language use), Biology, Poaceae, SF1-1100, Grassland, [SHS]Humanities and Social Sciences, Eating, Animal science, herbage allowance, Grazing, Animals, Weaning, [INFO]Computer Science [cs], Dry matter, grazing, Herbivory, 2. Zero hunger, geography, geography.geographical_feature_category, 0402 animal and dairy science, Technical information, 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences, Animal Feed, 040201 dairy & animal science, Diet, Animal culture, Dietary Supplements, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, 040103 agronomy & agriculture, 0401 agriculture, forestry, and fisheries, Animal Science and Zoology, Rabbits
Abstract: International audience; Organic agriculture is developing worldwide, and organic rabbit production has developed within this context. It entails raising rabbits in moving cages or paddocks, which enables them to graze grasslands. As organic farmers currently lack basic technical information, the objective of this article is to characterize herbage intake, feed intake and the growth rate of rabbits raised on grasslands in different environmental and management contexts (weather conditions, grassland type and complete feed supplementation). Three experiments were performed with moving cages at an experimental station. From weaning, rabbits grazed a natural grassland, a tall fescue grassland and a sainfoin grassland in experiments 1, 2 and 3, respectively. Rabbit diets were supplemented with a complete pelleted feed limited to 69 g dry matter (DM)/rabbit per day in experiment 1 and 52 g DM/rabbit per day in experiments 2 and 3. Herbage allowance and fiber, DM and protein contents, as well as rabbit intake and live weight, were measured weekly. Mean herbage DM intake per rabbit per day differed significantly (P
Published: 2016

27. Chemical and nutritional value of organic feedstuffs: a need to address in monogastric feeding

Author: ROINSARD, Antoine, Heuze, Valérie, Juin, Herve, Renaudeau, David, Gaudre, Didier, Tran, Gilles, Institut Technique de l'Agriculture Biologique (ITAB), Association Française de Zootechnie (AFZ), Elevage Alternatif et Santé des Monogastriques (UE EASM), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Physiologie, Environnement et Génétique pour l'Animal et les Systèmes d'Elevage [Rennes] (PEGASE), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AGROCAMPUS OUEST, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), Institut du Porc (IFIP), AGROCAMPUS OUEST-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), and Institut du Porc
Subjects: volaille, agriculture biologique, table de composition des aliments, organic farming, alimentation animale, valeur nutritionnelle des aliments, poultry, swine, animal feeding, [SDV.AEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition, porc
Abstract: As it is mandatory since January 2019 to feed organic pigs and poultry with 100% organic feeds in the EU, abetter knowledge of the nutritional value of organic raw materials is, more than ever, a key for farmers to develop efficient nutrition systems for organic livestock farming. Studies are being conducted in the French CASDAR programme SECALIBIO to compare organic raw materials to conventional ones, to establish the composition and nutritional value of organic feeds, and to evaluate their variability. A database of 6,577 samples of 94 organic raw materials, most of them commonly used in monogastric feeding (soybean meals, maize, faba bean, etc.), was constituted using data from the French Feed Database of the AFZ, from previous research programmes and from feed companies participating in SECALIBIO. In vivo digestibility trials on pigs and poultry were conducted to evaluate the specificities of organic raw materials and provide new data (for forage peas for example). The variability of organic raw materials was generally comparable to that of conventional ones. However, the fat content of organic sunflower (6.2 to 25.2% MS) and soybean (5.37 to 22.6% MS) meals varied a lot due to processing technologies, and it was suggested to delineate categories with consistent crude protein and fibre content. In connection with it, for poultry, the digestibility of protein could vary a lot for sunflower (76.5-83.0%) and soybean (74.4-87.32%) meals. Organic soybean meals was reported to have a lower lysine/crude protein ratio than the conventional one (5.75 vs 6.14%): further investigations will determine the impact of this difference on feed formulation. The first practical result of this study will be the creation of specific tables of composition and nutritional value of organic feeds for pigs and poultry which represents a key for farmers to develop an efficient nutrition system in organic farming.
Published: 2018

28. Evaluation of steroid concentrations in the saliva of pre-pubertal gilts for the identification of biomarkers of the pubertal stage of maturity

Author: Goudet-Guitton, Ghylène, Liere, Philippe, Douet, Cécile, SAVOIE, Jonathan, STAUB, Christophe, Venturi, Eric, Ferchaud, Stephane, Maupertuis, Florence, ROINSARD, Antoine, BOULOT, Sylviane, Prunier, Armelle, Physiologie de la reproduction et des comportements [Nouzilly] (PRC), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Tours-Institut Français du Cheval et de l'Equitation [Saumur]-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), U1195, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11), Unité Expérimentale de Physiologie Animale de l‘Orfrasiére (Unité Expérimentale de Physiologie Animale de l‘Orfrasiére - UE PAO), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), UE 1372 Génétique, Expérimentation et Système Innovants, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Génétique animale (G.A.)-Physiologie Animale et Systèmes d'Elevage (PHASE), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Génétique, Expérimentation et Système Innovants (GenESI), Chambre Régionale d'Agriculture des Pays de la Loire, Institut Technique de l'Agriculture Biologique (ITAB), Institut du Porc, Physiologie, Environnement et Génétique pour l'Animal et les Systèmes d'Elevage [Rennes] (PEGASE), AGROCAMPUS OUEST-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), ProdInra, Archive Ouverte, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Institut Français du Cheval et de l'Equitation [Saumur] (IFCE)-Université de Tours (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Unité Expérimentale de Physiologie Animale de l‘Orfrasiére (UE PAO), Génétique, Expérimentation et Système Innovants (GenESI), Institut du Porc (IFIP), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AGROCAMPUS OUEST, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Institut Français du Cheval et de l'Equitation [Saumur]-Université de Tours-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), AGROCAMPUS OUEST, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Institut Français du Cheval et de l'Equitation [Saumur]-Université de Tours (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)
Subjects: puberty, saliva, prepuberte, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], cochette, dhea, truie, 17 beta œstradiol, [SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio], hydroxyandrostenone, puberte, yelt, prepuberty, biomarker, biomarqueur, salive
Abstract: Estrus synchronization is important for optimal management of gilt reproduction in farms. Synthetic progestogens are used for this purpose, but there is growing demand for non-hormonal alternatives. Before puberty, gilts exhibit a “waiting period”, related to ovarian development and gonadotrophin secretions, during which external stimulation, such as boar exposure, could induce and synchronize first ovulation. Practical non-invasive tools for identification of this period in farms are lacking. During this period, urinary estrone levels are high, but urine sampling is difficult in group-housed females. Our aim was to search for steroidal biomarkers of this “waiting period” from immature to pubertal gilts through saliva monitoring. Six 144-to 147-day-old Large White gilts were subjected to ultrasound puberty diagnosis 3 times a week until first ovulation. Urine and saliva samples were collected at the same frequency for estrone assay and steroidome analysis respectively. Data were analyzed using the R software (nonparametric permutation test). Urinary estrone concentration significantly increased 2 weeks before puberty (detected at 182–192 days). Steroidome analysis quantified 28 steroids in saliva. Significant variations were detected within 2 weeks before puberty for dehydroepiandrosterone (decrease) and estradiol-17b (increase). These steroids could be biomarkers of the “waiting period”. These results confirm that non-invasive salivary sampling could allow the identification of the physiological status of the gilts and presumably the optimal time for application of the boar effect.
Published: 2017

29. Evaluation of salivary metabolome and steroidome for the identification of biomarkers of the pubertal stage of maturity in gilts

Author: Goudet-Guitton, Ghylène, Nadal-Desbarats, Lydie, Lière, Philippe, Douet, Cécile, SAVOIE, Jonathan, STAUB, Christophe, Venturi, Eric, Ferchaud, Stéphane, Maupertuis, Florence, ROINSARD, Antoine, BOULOT, Sylviane, Prunier, Armelle, Physiologie de la reproduction et des comportements [Nouzilly] (PRC), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Tours-Institut Français du Cheval et de l'Equitation [Saumur]-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Imagerie et cerveau, Université de Tours-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), U 1195, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Université Paris Sud (Paris 11), Unité Expérimentale de Physiologie Animale de l‘Orfrasiére (Unité Expérimentale de Physiologie Animale de l‘Orfrasiére - UE PAO), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), UE 1372 Génétique, Expérimentation et Système Innovants, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Génétique animale (G.A.)-Physiologie Animale et Systèmes d'Elevage (PHASE), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Génétique, Expérimentation et Système Innovants (GenESI), Chambre d'agriculture de la Loire Atlantique (CDA), Institut Technique de l'Agriculture Biologique (ITAB), Institut du Porc, Physiologie, Environnement et Génétique pour l'Animal et les Systèmes d'Elevage [Rennes] (PEGASE), AGROCAMPUS OUEST-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Crédit Incitatif PHASE, Agribio4, CIAB, INRA, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Institut Français du Cheval et de l'Equitation [Saumur]-Université de Tours-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Imagerie et cerveau (iBrain - Inserm U1253 - UNIV Tours ), Unité Expérimentale de Physiologie Animale de l‘Orfrasiére (UE PAO), Génétique, Expérimentation et Système Innovants (GenESI), Institut du Porc (IFIP), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AGROCAMPUS OUEST, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), Université François Rabelais (Tours). Tours, FRA. Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), FRA., Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Institut Français du Cheval et de l'Equitation [Saumur]-Université de Tours (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Université de Tours (UT)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)
Subjects: pig, saliva, puberty, [SDV.OT]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Other [q-bio.OT], [SDV.BDLR]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Reproductive Biology, porcine, steroidome, sexual maturity, femelle, maturité sexuelle, biomarker, metabolome, porcin, biomarqueur
Abstract: Evaluation of salivary metabolome and steroidome for the identification of biomarkers of the pubertal stage of maturity in gilts. 2. Journées du GdR 3606 Repro
Published: 2017

30. « Post-colonial Governance on a French Island. The 101st department »

Author: Roinsard, Nicolas, Laboratoire d'Etudes Sociologiques sur la Construction et la Reproduction Sociales (LESCORES), and Université Clermont Auvergne [2017-2020] (UCA [2017-2020])
Subjects: ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, [SHS]Humanities and Social Sciences
Abstract: International audience
Published: 2012

31. LETTERS.

Author: ADAMS, H., DE LA POER BERESFORD, DONALD C., KANNANGARA, R. L., BERNHARDT, PAUL, SILVERMAN, RICA B., BEAUREGARD, ELIZABETH C., SHAMMA, T. M., MCDOWELL, DEAN N., REILAND, H. P., KOEHNE, CLYDE, ENZER, MILTON M., ROINSARD, P. M., WALKER, ROBERT R., KUSEL, ANITA DENTON, MALLARY, MARGOT, WRIGHT, JAMES N., HARTFORD, LORETTA, WYLER, WILLIAM, PÁEZ VILARÓ, MIGUEL, and WORTHY, J. F.
Subjects: LAW enforcement
Published: 1956

32. La Réunion face au chômage de masse. Sociologie d’une société intégrée, Rennes, Presses Universitaires de Rennes, coll. « Le Sens Social », 2007, 313 p

Author: Roinsard, Nicolas, Laboratoire d'Etudes Sociologiques sur la Construction et la Reproduction Sociales (LESCORES), and Université Clermont Auvergne [2017-2020] (UCA [2017-2020])
Subjects: ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, [SHS]Humanities and Social Sciences
Abstract: International audience
Published: 2007

33. « Minimum income for social integration in Reunion Island. Is the system appropriate and efficient? »

Author: Roinsard, Nicolas, Rizzo, Jean-Marc, Rochoux, Jean-Yves, Laboratoire d'Etudes Sociologiques sur la Construction et la Reproduction Sociales (LESCORES), Université Clermont Auvergne [2017-2020] (UCA [2017-2020]), Centre d'Économie et de Management de l'Océan Indien (CEMOI), and Université de La Réunion (UR)
Subjects: ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, [SHS]Humanities and Social Sciences
Abstract: International audience
Published: 2005

34. Herbage intake regulation and growth of rabbits raised on grasslands: back to basics and looking forward.

Author: Martin, G., Duprat, A., Goby, J.-P., Theau, J.-P., Roinsard, A., Descombes, M., Legendre, H., and Gidenne, T.
Abstract: Organic agriculture is developing worldwide, and organic rabbit production has developed within this context. It entails raising rabbits in moving cages or paddocks, which enables them to graze grasslands. As organic farmers currently lack basic technical information, the objective of this article is to characterize herbage intake, feed intake and the growth rate of rabbits raised on grasslands in different environmental and management contexts (weather conditions, grassland type and complete feed supplementation). Three experiments were performed with moving cages at an experimental station. From weaning, rabbits grazed a natural grassland, a tall fescue grassland and a sainfoin grassland in experiments 1, 2 and 3, respectively. Rabbit diets were supplemented with a complete pelleted feed limited to 69 g dry matter (DM)/rabbit per day in experiment 1 and 52 g DM/rabbit per day in experiments 2 and 3. Herbage allowance and fiber, DM and protein contents, as well as rabbit intake and live weight, were measured weekly. Mean herbage DM intake per rabbit per day differed significantly (P<0.001) between experiments. It was highest in experiment 1 (78.5 g DM/day) and was 43.9 and 51.2 g DM/day in experiments 2 and 3, respectively. Herbage allowance was the most significant determinant of herbage DM intake during grazing, followed by rabbit metabolic weight (live weight0.75) and herbage protein and fiber contents. Across experiments, a 10 g DM increase in herbage allowance and a 100 g increase in rabbit metabolic weight corresponded to a mean increase of 6.8 and 9.6 g of herbage DM intake, respectively. When including complete feed, daily mean DM intakes differed significantly among experiments (P<0.001), ranging from 96.1 g DM/rabbit per day in experiment 2 to 163.6 g DM/rabbit per day in experiment 1. Metabolic weight of rabbits raised on grasslands increased linearly over time in all three experiments, yielding daily mean growth rates of 26.2, 19.2 and 28.5 g/day in experiments 1, 2 and 3, respectively. The highest growth rate was obtained on the sainfoin grassland despite lower concentrate supplementation. Thus, it seems possible to reduce complete feed supplementation without reducing animal performance. This possibility requires improving our knowledge about organic rabbit production systems and especially grazing and animal health management. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]
Published: 2016
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35. Steroidome and metabolome analysis in gilt saliva to identify potential biomarkers of boar effect receptivity.

Author: Goudet, G., Prunier, A., Nadal-Desbarats, L., Grivault, D., Ferchaud, S., Pianos, A., Haddad, L., Montigny, F., Douet, C., Savoie, J., Maupertuis, F., Roinsard, A., Boulot, S., and Liere, P.
Abstract: Optimal management of gilt reproduction requires oestrus synchronization. Hormonal treatments are used for this purpose, but there is a growing demand for non-hormonal alternatives, especially in organic farms. The boar effect is an important alternative opportunity to induce and synchronize oestrus without hormones. Before puberty, gilts exhibit a 'waiting period' during which boar exposure could induce and synchronize the first ovulation. We searched for salivary biomarkers of this period of boar effect receptivity to improve detection of the gilts to stimulate with the perspective of enhancing the efficacy of the boar effect. Saliva samples were collected from 30 Large-White × Landrace crossbred gilts between 140 and 175 days of age. Gilts were exposed twice a day to a boar and subjected to oestrus detection from 150 to 175 days of age. Among the 30 gilts, 10 were detected in oestrus 4 to 7 days after the first introduction of the boar and were considered receptive to the boar effect, 14 were detected in oestrus more than 8 days after first boar contact, and six did not show oestrus and were considered non-receptive. Saliva samples from six receptive and six non-receptive gilts were analyzed for steroidome and for metabolome using gas chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry and 1H nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, respectively. Four saliva samples per gilt were analyzed: 25 days and 11 days before boar introduction, the day of boar introduction, 3 days later for receptive gilts or 7 days later for non-receptive gilts. Twenty-nine steroids and 31 metabolites were detected in gilt saliva. Salivary concentrations of six steroids and three metabolites were significantly different between receptive and non-receptive gilts: progesterone and glycolate 25 days before boar introduction, 3α5β20α- and 3β5α20β-hexahydroprogesterone, dehydroepiandrosterone, androstenediol, succinate, and butyrate 11 days before boar introduction, and 3β5α-tetrahydroprogesterone on the day of boar introduction. Thus, nine potential salivary biomarkers of boar effect receptivity were identified in our experimental conditions. Further studies with higher numbers of gilts and salivary sampling points are necessary to ascertain their reliability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Published: 2021
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36. Evolution of steroid concentrations in saliva from immature to pubertal gilts for the identification of biomarkers of gilts receptivity to boar effect.

Author: Goudet, Ghylène, Liere, Philippe, Pianos, Antoine, Fernandez, Neïké, Cambourg, Annie, Savoie, Jonathan, Staub, Christophe, Venturi, Eric, Douet, Cécile, Ferchaud, Stéphane, Maupertuis, Florence, Roinsard, Antoine, Boulot, Sylviane, and Prunier, Armelle
Subjects: *SALIVA, *SOWS, *TANDEM mass spectrometry, *BOARS, *SWINE, *ANIMAL welfare, *HYDROCORTISONE
Abstract: • Steroidome analysis allowed quantifying 28 steroids in gilts saliva. • Steroids concentrations in gilts saliva varied from immature to pubertal stage. • We identified steroids that could be biomarkers of the receptivity to boar effect. • We contributed to the development of non-hormonal tools for estrous synchronization. • Non-invasive saliva sampling is in agreement with improvement of animal welfare. Estrus synchronization is necessary for management of gilt reproduction in pig farms. It is usually achieved by using synthetic progestagens, but there is increasing demand for non-hormonal alternative tools with the prospect of sustainability of livestock production. Moreover, in organic farms, synthetic hormones are not allowed. Before reaching puberty, gilts exhibit a "waiting period" during which external stimulations, such as boar exposure, could trigger and synchronize the first ovulation. However, practical non-invasive tools for detection of the "waiting period" in pig farms are lacking. During this period, estrone levels in urine are high, but urine sampling is difficult in group-housed females. Our objective was to identify among steroids potential biomarkers of this "waiting period" through saliva monitoring from immature to pubertal gilts using gas chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry. Starting between 144 and 147 days of age, six Large White gilts were submitted to ultrasound puberty diagnosis 3 times a week until first ovulation. Urine and saliva samples were collected to analyze weekly estrone and steroidome respectively, until puberty. Urinary estrone concentration significantly increased 2 weeks before first ovulation occurring between 182 and 192 days of age. The period with increasing estrone levels was considered as the "waiting period". Steroidome analysis allowed identifying and quantifying 28 steroids in 500 µl of gilts saliva. Significant decrease of dehydroepiandrosterone and significant increase of 5α-dihydroprogesterone and 17β-estradiol were detected 2 weeks before puberty, suggesting that these steroids could be potential biomarkers of the "waiting period". These results show that painless sampling of saliva could be a non-invasive welfare-friendly tool for the identification of the physiological hormonal status of the gilts and possibly the optimal time for application of the boar effect, a solution to synchronize puberty without exogenous hormones. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Published: 2019
Full Text: View/download PDF

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