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Abstract The present work aimed to evaluate the use of modified atmosphere and peracetic acid on the quality and postharvest conservation of organic Formosa 'Tainung I' papaya. The experimental design was completely randomized (DIC) in a (2 x 3) x 5 split-plot scheme, with peracetic acid treatments (with and without 500ppm application) and packaging (Xtend® 815-pp64, Xtend® 815-pp65, and without packaging) in the plot, and days of storage (0, 10, 18, 26, 34 days) in the subplot, with five replicates of one fruit each. Peracetic acid treatment in combination with packaging maintained the postharvest quality attributes of organic Formosa 'Tainung I' papaya during storage. Peracetic acid-treated fruits stored in Packaging 1 (Xtend® 815 pp64) maintained their vitamin C, soluble solids, sugars, and beta-carotene contents. In Packaging 2 (Xtend® 815 pp65), fruits showed better external appearance, maintaining acceptable commercial quality for up to 26 days.

A banana é uma fruta de grande importância mundial, consumida em todo o mundo e com demanda crescente a cada ano, principalmente, por frutos orgânicos tanto no mercado interno quanto no externo. Por ser fundamental a caracterização das propriedades físico-químicas das frutas para garantir sua aceitabilidade no mercado, objetivou-se com este trabalho avaliar tais características físico-químicas da banana ‘Maçã’ e ‘Williams’ produzidas em sistema orgânica de produção. Foram avaliadas as características físicas e físico-químicas: massa fresca, comprimento, diâmetro, coloração (escala – 1 a 7, cromaticidade, ângulo hue e luminosidade), rendimento de polpa, firmeza do fruto (casca) e de polpa, acidez titulável (AT), sólidos solúveis, relação SS/AT e pH. Essas avaliações foram realizadas em buquês com 12 frutos. Os dados foram submetidos a análise descritiva por meio de médias e desvio padrão. A banana ‘Maçã’ e ‘Williams’ produzidas em sistema orgânico são classificadas na categoria Extra. A banana ‘Maçã’ atingiu o amadurecimento completo aos 8 dias de armazenamento em condições ambiente (25,4 ± 0,07 °C e 59,3 ± 1,77% UR), já a ‘Williams’ aos 16 dias nas mesmas condições, apresentando maior vida útil pós-colheita. A banana ‘Maça’ e ‘Williams’ em sistema orgânico apresentam características físicas e físico-químicas adequadas para o consumo.

Cucumis melo is one of the most appreciated and consumed vegetables in the world, however, producing areas have been suffering from increased salinity in irrigation water. Therefore, accesses of melon, from the germplasm bank of the Federal Rural Semi-Arid University (UFERSA), were tested for salinity and the physiological responses of the seedlings were evaluated. For the 24 accesses of C. melo, salinity of 0.06 and 3.45 dS m^-1 was applied. For this, four subsamples of 25 seeds per access were used, which were seeded in polystyrene trays having as a substrate washed and sterilized sand, initially moistened at 50% field capacity. The design was completely randomized in a factorial scheme (two salinity levels and 24 accesses). Salinity affected the physiological quality (germination and mean germination time) of melon seeds, germinating on average 62%, with an average germination time of 4 days, mean height of 10.5 cm and reduction of dry matter accumulation. The saline treatment increased the electrical conductivity (EC) of the soil saturation extract, indicating the presence of stress. The accesses that presented intolerance to salinity were: A35, A24, A41, A31, A09, A28 and A43. The moderately tolerant accesses were: A16, A19, A15, A17, A34, A25, A27, A18, A42. The salinity tolerant accesses were: A45, A08, A37, A50, A14, A36, A07, A39 which may serve as a basis for genetic improvement.

Salt stress during pre-harvest limits the shelf life and post-harvest quality of produce; however, silicon nutrition can mitigate salt stress in plants. Thus, we evaluated the effects of salinity and fertilization with Si, in pre-harvest, on the morpho-physiological characteristics of onion bulbs during shelf life. The experiment was set up in randomized complete blocks, with treatments arranged in split-split plots. The plots had four levels of electrical conductivity of irrigation water (0.65, 1.7, 2.8, and 4.1 dS m−1). The subplots had five fertilization levels with Si (0, 41.6, 83.2, 124.8, and 166.4 kg ha−1). The sub-sub plots had four shelf times (0, 20, 40, and 60 days after harvest). Irrigation water salinity and shelf time reduced firmness and increased the mass loss of onion bulbs during shelf life. Salt stress reduced the contents of sugars and total soluble solids of onion bulbs during storage; however, Si supply improved the contents of these variables. Salinity, Si supply, and shelf time increased the concentrations of pyruvic and ascorbic acids in onion bulbs during shelf life. Si doses between 121.8 and 127.0 kg ha−1 attenuated the impacts caused by moderate salinity, increasing the synthesis of metabolites and prolonging the onion bulbs’ shelf life.

Abstract Composting of domestic residues to replace cattle manure was evaluated as a fertilization option for the cherry tomato crop. Two sources of organic compounds (CO) were used to prepare compost piles: Domestic residues (DR) and bovine manure (BM), used in 5 proportions (CO1 = 15% DR + 15% BM, CO2 = 10% DR + 20% BM, CO3 = 20% DR + 10% BM, CO4 = 30% BM (control) and CO5 = 30% DR). To compost the compost piles, the organic waste (carbon source) was mixed with remnants of tree pruning (filler) from the urban cleaning service in a ratio of 1: 3. After 90 days, the compost from each matured pile was mixed with 1: 1 coconut fiber substrate and filled into 15 L plastic bags where the cherry tomato plants were grown. The experiment was conducted in a greenhouse using the experimental design of randomized blocks with 5 treatments and 5 replicates (6 fruits per sample). The organic fertilization in the proportions of manure and food residue did not provide statistically significant differences in soluble solids, total sugars, lycopene, β-carotene and micronutrients Zn, Fe, N and P in cherry tomato fruits. Fertilization with CO1 and CO2 increased AT, Mn and decreased the SS / AT, K and Ca ratio. There was no nutritional deficiency of tomatoes in any of the proportions of the organic residues studied.

Brackish waters represent great potential for profitable agricultural production; however, productive usage depends on the adoption of proper cultural practices as well as a culture tolerant of salinity, which can require some restrictions related to soil and crop production. Given the lack of information pertaining to hydroponic melon culture, the objective of this study was to investigate physiological changes promoted by the use of brackish water in the preparation of the nutrient solution for melon (Cucumis melo L., cv. AF 015) growth in coconut fiber substrate under greenhouse conditions in Mossoró-RN, a semiarid region of Brazil. The experimental design was completely randomized, with 12 treatments arranged in a 4 x 3 factorial scheme, with 4 salt concentration levels (1.1 - control, 2.5, 4.0 and 5.5 dS m-1) and 3 exposition times (vegetative growth: 10-30 days after transplanting, DAT; flowering: 31 to 50 DAT; and fruiting and ripening: 51-70 DAT, which are the assessment phases of physiological maturation). Increasing salt concentrations in the nutrient solution reduced photosynthetic efficiency, stomatal conductance and transpiration, but increased the intercellular CO2 concentration in melon plants. A salt concentration in the low to intermediate range (2.5 dS m-1) resulted in the best water use efficiency by melon crops.

This study aimed to evaluate the effect of nitrogen fertilization on the physical and physico-chemical characteristics and antioxidant potential of sapodilla at different stages of development. The experiment was installed at the Norfruit farm, located in the rural community of Pau Branco, Mossoró/RN, Brazil. A randomized block with two factorial schemes experimental design, was adopted. The first 5 x 6 with lost parcels, consisting of five doses of nitrogen (N) (0, 300, 600, 900 and 1200 g of N.plant-1) and six stages of fruit development; and the second 2 x 3 consisting of two levels of nitrogen (N) (0; 600 g of N plant-1) and three stages of development, both with five replications. The fruits were labeled with a 10 to 15 mm long mark in the plant. In fact, were harvested and analyzed after 90, 120, 150, 180 and 200 days of its marking and 208 days (fully mature, after 8 days of storage at 25 ± 2 °C and RH 58 ± 5%), respectively. The results showed a nitrogen fertilization at the dose of 600 g of N.plant-1, produced fruit with higher sugar content and fresh weight, reaching greater mass and sugar content, at 200 and 180 days of fruit development, respectively. An increase in nitrogen fertilization, promoted a reduction in the levels of yellow flavonoids and anthocyanins. Bioactive compounds (total polyphenols, vitamin C, flavonoids and anthocyanins) and sapodilla antioxidant activity decreased with the further development of fruit. The antioxidant activity of the sapodilla is more related to the high content of total polyphenols. The knowledge obtained in this study is extremely important for the sapodilla production chain due to information of the nutritional and antioxidant composition of the fruits. This also proves beneficial for the fruit marketing, because nowadays the public seeks foods rich in antioxidants, and the sapodilla is marketed both in natura and processed, in addition to its use in the cosmetics manufacture.

Sapodilla (Manilkara zapota (L.) P. Royen) is a climacteric fruit, very perishable, with high metabolic activity, rapid ripening and reduced storage time at room temperature, thus making difficult its commercialization. However, this research aimed to evaluate the effect of potassium permanganate (KMnO4) on the quality and post-harvest conservation of sapodilla fruit under modified atmosphere at room temperature. The sapodilla fruits were harvested when they reached physiological maturity and then accommodated in Styrofoam trays with PVC film coating. Within each package, KMnO4 were placed at different concentrations (0, 0.250, 0.375, and 0.500 g of KMnO4 per kg of fruit, respectively), impregnated in vermiculite. In addition, were kept in storage at room temperature (25 ± 1 °C and 54 ± 5% RU) for fifteen days, with fruit quality analysis every five days. The potassium permanganate doses influenced the sapodilla fruit quality, wherein the concentration of 0.375 g of KMnO4 per kg of fruit was the most efficient, retarding the loss of firmness and vitamin C degradation of sapodilla fruits throughout five days storage under modified atmosphere at room temperature. The sapodilla fruit postharvest life stored under modified atmosphere with potassium permanganate 25 ± 1 °C and 54 ± 5% RU, is ten days.

Objetivou-se avaliar a qualidade de frutos de banana ‘Prata Rio’ sob refrigeração. Os frutos foram armazenados em bandejas de isopor na câmara fria à temperatura de 13 ± 3 °C e umidade relativa (UR) de 85 ± 3% por 30 dias. As avaliações se deram a cada 5 dias. Foi analisada a perda de massa, firmeza, acidez titulável, sólidos solúveis, relação sólidos solúveis/acidez titulável, açúcares solúveis totais, açúcares redutores e amido. Utilizou-se o delineamento inteiramente casualizado sendo os tratamentos compostos pelos tempos de armazenamento (0, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25 e 30 dias) com três repetições de 3 frutos cada, totalizando 63 frutos avaliados. Os resultados foram avaliados por meio de comparação de médias dos tratamentos seguidos pelo desvio padrão proveniente de 3 repetições. No amadurecimento da banana ‘Prata Rio’ há aumento dos açúcares solúveis totais e dos sólidos solúveis. Os frutos amaciaram ao longo do armazenamento com consequente degradação do amido. A banana ‘Prata Rio’ tem comportamento pós-colheita com potencial para comercialização.

Garlic is a vegetable that has economic and social relevance in Brazil. Rio Grande do Norte is among the consumer states, however, despite having regions with favorable conditions for growing garlic, it depends on imports of this product to meet its demand. The introduction of cultivars that have high yield and quality, and the adjustments in vernalization technology, which is a key issue for adaptation of new cultivars, are mechanisms that can contribute to garlic revitalization in areas previously producing this vegetable. Therefore, the objective of this work was to assess the quality characteristics of semi-noble garlic cultivars subjected to different bulb-seed pre-planting vernalization periods in two counties of the Western Mesoregion of Rio Grande do Norte State (RN), Brazil. Two experiments were simultaneously conducted in Barauna RN and Governador Dix-sept Rosado RN, from April to November, 2012. A complete randomized block experimental design was used with four replications. The treatments were arranged in split-plot design, with the plots consisted of cultivars (Gigante-do-Nucleo and BRS-Hozan) and subplots consisted of bulb-seed pre-planting vernalization (4±1°C) periods (0, 10, 20 and 30 days). The evaluations consisted of bulb diameter, pH, titratable acidity, soluble solids, total soluble sugars, reducing sugars, pungency, total solids and industrial index. The use of 10-day bulb-seed pre-planting vernalization increased the semi-noble garlic quality produced in Barauna and Governador Dix-sept Rosado. The cultivars Gigante-do-Nucleo and BRS-Hozan presented good prospects for industrialization, with good characteristics of flavor and aroma.

Objetivou-se avaliar o efeito dos danos mecânicos provocados por impacto, corte e abrasão sobre a qualidade de banana 'Prata Catarina', submetida ao armazenamento refrigerado (14°C ±1ºC e 84% ±5% de UR durante 21 dias). Os frutos foram provenientes de um pomar comercial, localizado no município de Limoeiro do Norte-CE. O experimento foi instalado em delineamento inteiramente ao acaso, no esquema de parcelas subdivididas no tempo, tendo-se, nas parcelas, as amostragens ao longo do tempo e, nas subparcelas, os quatro tratamentos: testemunha ou ausência de dano mecânico (T1), impacto (T2), abrasão (T3) e corte (T4), com quatro repetições de dois frutos cada. Os danos por impacto e abrasão foram os que proporcionaram maior velocidade de amadurecimento, sendo que o dano por impacto proporcionou maior atividade da enzima polifenoloxidase. As bananas 'Prata Catarina' que não sofreram danos podem ser comercializadas por até 21 dias de armazenamento (14°C ± 1ºC e 84% ±5% UR), sem perda da qualidade

The umbu-cajá (Spondias sp.) is a fruit specie native of the brazilian semiarid region with high potential for cultivation. The juicy pulp is used in the production of juices and nectars. The aim of this study was to characterize 18 individuals of umbu-cajá tree at three sites located in the Brazilian northeast municipalities of Mossoró/RN and Apodi/RN to identify individuals with superior attributes for fruit processing and/or in natura consumption The morphological, physical and physicochemical characterization of 20 fruits of each individuals were performed. Leaves of trees were used for molecular analyses with Inter Simple Sequence Repeats (ISSR) and Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers. It was possible to verify that there are phenotypic variability among the fruits of umbu-cajá trees. The individuals of the same region were grouped in the same group. JZ5, JZ6 and MA6 individuals can be used for pulp processing, while JZ1, JZ2, JZ3 and JZ6 are adequate for in natura consumption. The molecular analyses showed polymorphism for the two molecular markers used. The ISSR marker generated the greatest polymorphism among the individuals. However, the RAPD marker made it possible to achieve a more consistent cluster, which is in agreement with the geographical distribution of these individuals. The use of morphological markers together with molecular markers constitutes an important tool for characterizing umbu-cajá individuals. Keywords: genetic resources, ISSR, RAPD, Spondias sp.

The objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of desalination wastewater on the post harvest quality and conservation of lettuce, cultivars Verônica and Quatro Estações, produced in hydroponic system with coconut fiber. The test was developed in an protected environment from the Department of Environmental Sciences of Universidade Federal Rural do Semi-Árido, located in Mossoró/RN, installed in an experimental design of randomized blocks, in factorial scheme 2 x 2 x 5, with three replicates, the treatments consisted of two lettuce cultivars (Verônica and Quatro Estações), two times of evaluation (at the time of harvest and after three days of conservation) and five levels of salinity of the nutrient solution with or without a further dilution of the tailing desalination of brackish water (1.1; 2.4; 3.6; 4.7 and 5.7 dS m-1). Quatro Estações cultivar showed lower weight loss during the conservation period and higher total value of chlorophyll and pH. The matter of vitamin C and soluble solids were influenced by the reuse of tailing from desalination in nutrient solution, presenting higher level in the highest salt content studied. The cultivated lettuce on coconut fiber irrigated with reuse of the tailing nutrient solution in desalination presented, in general, good appearance both at harvest and after three days of conservation.

Considerando que a duração da exposição, a qualidade e intensidade de luz afetam as características de qualidade das hortaliças folhosas, conduziu-se um experimento, em ambiente protegido, com o objetivo de avaliar a qualidade pós-colheita da alface hidropônica, sob os efeitos das malhas de sombreamento, com diferentes percentagens de atenuação da radiação solar. O delineamento experimental foi o de blocos casualizados, no esquema fatorial 2 x 5, com três repetições, sendo os tratamentos constituídos por quatro malhas termorefletoras (40; 50; 60 e 70% de sombreamento) e uma testemunha, com malha negra 50%. Em cada parcela, representada por um sistema hidropônico individual, foi cultivada a alface (cv. Olinda, Crespa), sendo avaliada sua qualidade por ocasião da colheita e após quatro dias de armazenamento refrigerado (7,6 ± 1ºC e 27 ± 5 % UR). Observou-se que o excesso de sombreamento, ocasionado pelas malhas termorefletoras 60 e 70% e malha negra 50%, comprometeram a aparência da alface. As plantas submetidas ao sombreamento com a malha termorefletora 40% apresentaram menor perda de massa, ao final de quatro dias de armazenamento. Os graus de sombreamento ocasionados pelas malhas termorefletoras e pela malha negra não influenciaram nos teores de ácido cítrico, sólidos solúveis, vitamina C e clorofila total da alface.

At present, the preference of the internal and external markets is for small fruits. Therefore the size, other aspects equally are important and considered to determining harvest point how soluble solids, coloration and format. The objective of the present work was determined the physical-chemical changes during the development of watermelon 'Quetzali' with support for the harvest in the size demanded by the extern market. Six harvests were made, the first occasion of marks made on fruits with fresh weight of 2 g and the other at 10, 15, 20, 15 and 30 days of development. Next, the fruits were transported for the laboratory of Irrigated Agriculture of the UFERSA, in Mossoró-RN-Brazil. The experiment was installed in design entirely at random composed by five treatments (days of development), five replications and a fruit for replication. Fresh mass was analysed (g), growth rate of the fruit (g.day-1), length and diameter of fruit (cm), firmness of the pulp (N), vitamin C (mg.100 mL-1 ascorbic acid), soluble solids (SS, %) and titratable acidity (AT, g.100 mL-1 acid malic). The watermelon variety Quetzali obtained the very growth rate of 178.64 g to 20 days and the very diameter of 19.57 cm to 25 days, when size adapted for harvest. To 25 days of development the fruits had firmness of pulp 15 N, soluble solids 8.9%, titratable acidity 0.1289 mg.100 mL-1 acid malic and vitamin C 7.3 mg.100 mL-1 ascorbic acid.

Objetivou-se avaliar a vida útil pós-colheita de frutos de bilimbi (Averrhoa bilimbi l.) armazenados sob refrigeração. Os bilimbis foram colhidos em dois estádios de maturação, determinados pela coloração, em dez plantas no município de Arêz - RN, em novembro de 2006, e transportados em caixa de poliestireno com gelo até a Universidade Federal Rural do Semiárido, Mossoró - RN. Os frutos foram colocados em bandejas de isopor, embalados com filme de PVC e mantidos a 10º C ± 1ºC e 95% UR. O experimento foi conduzido em delineamento inteiramente casualizado, em esquema fatorial 2 x 6, que constou dos estádios de maturação verde ou amarelo e dos tempos de armazenamento de 0; 3; 5; 7; 9 e 11 dias. Avaliaram-se aparência externa, firmeza da polpa, perda de massa, pH, os teores de sólidos solúveis (SS), de acidez titulável (AT) e de ácido ascórbico, e relação SS/AT. Verificou-se aumento na perda de massa, no pH e na relação SS/AT, com redução do conteúdo de ácido ascórbico, AT e firmeza da polpa. A vida útil pós-colheita foi de 9 dias.Aiming to evaluate the postharvest shelf-life of bilimbi fruits (Averrhoa bilimbi l.) stored under cold storage, bilimbí fruits were harvested in two maturation stages (determined by the peel color) at ten plants in Arêz -RN, Brazil, in November 2006 and transported in polystyrene box containing ice´s bag to the Universidade Federal Rural do Semi-árido, Mossoró - RN. The fruits were placed in polystyrene trays, packed with PVC film and maintained at 10 ± 1 ºC and 95% RH. It was used a completely randomized design in 2 x 6 factorial scheme, which consisted of stadiums (green or yellow) and the period of 0, 3, 5, 7, 9, 11 days, respectively. It was evaluated external appearance, soluble solids, flesh firmness, weight loss, pH, titratable acidity (TA), ascorbic acid and ratio. There was an increase of the weight loss, pH and the ratio and reduction of the content of ascorbic acid, TA and flesh firmness. The postharvest shelf-life of bilimbí fruits was 9 days.

O objetivo deste trabalho foi caracterizar e avaliar a qualidade pós-colheita do mamão Formosa cv. Tainung 01, comercializado em diferentes tipos de estabelecimento do município de Mossoró-RN. Os frutos foram coletados em três tipos de estabelecimentos comerciais. Os dias das coletas foram considerados como blocos e os locais de comercialização, como tratamentos. Houve grande incidência de manchas, injúrias, deformações e podridões que comprometeram a aparência externa dos frutos. A aparência externa não comprometeu a qualidade física e química do mamão, independentemente do tipo de estabelecimento.The objective of this study was to characterize and evaluate the post harvest quality of cv. Tainung 01 papaya Formosa, traded in different types of establishments in Mossoró city, RN. The fruits were collected in three types of establishments. The days of the collections were the blocks and the local marketing the treatments. There was a high incidence of spots, insults, deformation and decay that undertook the external appearance of fruits. The external appearance did not compromise the quality of physical chemistry papaya regardless of the type of the establishment.

O presente estudo objetivou avaliar a eficiência do ingrediente ativo difenoconazole, em diferentes doses, comparando-as com outros ingredientes ativos, no controle da podridão peduncular em manga 'Tommy Atkins'. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi o de blocos casualizados, com quatro repetições de nove plantas cada. Os tratamentos foram compostos pelos seguintes fungicidas e doses de princípio ativo: difenoconazole (75; 100; 125 mL.ha-1), azoxistrobina (80 g.ha-1), acrescido de 0,05% de nonifenol etoxilado, clorotalonil (1.237,5 g.ha-1), propiconazole (100 mL.ha-1); e testemunha, sem aplicação de fungicida. Foram realizadas seis aplicações, com intervalo de 15 dias, sendo a primeira na floração plena. Na colheita, foram amostrados aleatoriamente 25 frutos por parcela, os quais foram mantidos em condição ambiente por 15 dias. Não houve diferença significativa entre as doses testadas, porém todos os tratamentos diferiram da testemunha. O difenoconazole apresentou resultado satisfatório em todas as doses utilizadas, podendo ser recomendado no controle desta doença.This work aimed to evaluate the difenoconazole fungicide efficiency to control stem rot in mango fruits cv. Tommy Atkins. The experiment was carried out in a randomized blocks design, with four repetitions of nine plants. The treatments was compound by the respective fungicides and doses: difenoconazole (75; 100; 125 L.ha-1), azoxystrobin (80 g.ha-1), including 0,05% of nonylphenol ethoxylate, chlorothalonil (1.237,5 kg.ha-1), propiconazole (100 mL.ha-1), and control, without fungicide application. Six fungicide applications were realized, with 15 days interval, with the first at the panicles blooming. Twenty five fruits per plot were collected for evaluation, being stored under ambient conditions in plastic containers for 15 days. There was no significant difference between the tested doses, however all the treatments with fungicide differed from the control treatment. The difenoconazole was efficient in all levels, it can be recommended to phytopathological management of this disease.

The objective of this work was to evaluate the postharvest quality of the Tommy Atkins mango commercialized in the city of Mossoró-RN. The fruits had been collected, randomized, in three commercial establishments (Market of great port, free Fair and market of small port). In each establishment 6 collections had been carried through, distributed during the months of August, September and October. The experimental design was blocks randomized with three treatments and six repetitions, two fruits for experimental unit for physicist-chemistries analyses and five fruits for phytopathology analyses. The days of collection had been considered as blocks and the markets as treatments. The variables analyzed were: mass, longitudinal and ventral lengths, price, internal appearance, external appearance, firmness, solubles solids, titratable acidity, solubles solids and titratable acidity relation, pH, incidence and frequency of fungus isolation. The fruits commercialized in the three establishments had presented physical and chemical characteristics that fit in the standard considered reasonable for consumption in natura of 'Tommy Atkins' fruits. It was found high incidence of spots and/or podrition, mainly in market C. The fungus found in the isolation frequency had been of the Colletotrichum, Alternaria, Aspergillus, Lasiodiplodia and Rhizopus.

This work was carried out at Mossoró-RN, Brazil, to evaluate the effect of the increase of water irrigation salinity level on melon fruit quality. During two production cycles four irrigation water salinity levels were applied to the plots (S1 = 0.6, S2 = 1.9, S3 = 3.2 and S4 = 4.5 dS m-1), both continuously or being increased at different stages of development. This scheme resulted in 15 treatments arranged in an entirely randomized blocks design with four replications. Effects studied were the salinity levels, the stage of development in which they were applied, and storage time of fruits. Variables pulp fruit firmness, total soluble solids, fruit juice electrical conductivity (CEf), pH, and fruit weight loss were not affected by salinity levels, neither when used continuously nor when it was increased at different development stages. Water salinity levels did not affect fruit quality variables neither when analyzed on harvest day nor 35 days after harvest, except for CEf that, on harvest day, increased linearly with the increase in water salinity level.

A Caatinga nordestina apresenta diversificada riqueza em espécies vegetais. No entanto, a potencialidade dessas espécies como fonte de nutrientes importantes para dieta humana ainda é muito pouco conhecida. Dentre estas espécies, encontra-se a ameixa silvestre (Ximenia americana L.). O presente trabalho teve como objetivo caracterizar os frutos da ameixa silvestre em dois estádios de maturação. Os frutos foram colhidos na Caatinga próxima ao município de Mossoró-RN, em dois estádios de maturação, verde (casca verde) e maduro (casca amarela), sendo 90 frutos para cada estádio. Para a caracterização do fruto, realizaram-se as seguintes análises: massa fresca, comprimentos longitudinal e transversal, rendimento de polpa, vitamina C, sólidos solúveis (SS), acidez titulável (AT), pH e relação SS/AT. Adotou-se o delineamento inteiramente casualizado, com dois tratamentos e seis repetições de 15 frutos para cada parcela. O fruto da ameixa silvestre é de formato arredondado, suculento e apresenta uma única semente tipo amêndoa. Considerando a polpa, ocorre mudança de coloração, passando da cor verde para a amarela, à medida que o fruto amadurece. Este fruto é considerado rica fonte de vitamina C que se encontra naturalmente na Caatinga nordestina, assim como um fruto com elevados teores de sólidos solúveis e acidez.The Brazilian Caatinga vegetation presents a large variety of vegetal species. However, the potentiality of these species as an important source of nutrients for the human diet is still not so known. Among these species, there is the wild plum (Ximenia americana L.). The present work aimed to characterize the fruits of the wild plum in two ripening stages. The fruits were harvested in the Brazilian Caatinga vegetation next to the Mossoró-RN city, in two ripening stages, green (green rind) and ripe (yellow rind), being 90 fruits for each stage. For the fruit characterization, the following analyses were done: fresh mass, longitudinal and transversal lengths, pulp yield, vitamin C, soluble solids (SS), titritable acidity (TA), pH and ratio SS/TA. The completely randomized design was used with two treatments and six replications of 15 fruits for each part. The wild plum fruit has a round shape, succulent and presents only seed of almond type. Considering the pulp, coloration change occurs, changing from green to yellow color, as the fruit becomes ripe. This fruit is considered rich vitamin C source that can naturally be found in the Brazilian northeastern region, as well as a fruit with high contents of soluble solid and acidity.

The objective of this work was to investigate the influence of 1-methylcyclopropene (1-MCP) at 300 nL L-1 on activities of cell wall hidrolytic enzymes and pectin breakdown changes which Sapodilla (Manilkara zapota cv. Itapirema 31) cell wall undergoes during ripening. Sapodilla were treated with ethylene antagonist 1-MCP at 300 nL L-1 for 12 hours and then, stored under a modified atmosphere at 25º C for 23 days. Firmness, total and soluble pectin and cell wall enzymes were monitored during storage. 1-MCP at 300 nL L-1 for 12 hours delayed significantly softening of sapodilla for 11 days at 25º C. 1-MCP postharvest treatment affected the activities of cell wall degrading enzymes pectinmethylesterase and polygalacturonase and completely suppressed increases in beta-galactosidase for 8 days, resulting in less pectin solubilization. Beta-galactosidase seems relevant to softening of sapodilla and is probably responsible for modification of both pectin and xyloglucan-cellulose microfibril network.O objetivo deste trabalho foi investigar a influência do 1-metilciclopropeno (1-MCP) nas atividades das enzimas hidrolíticas da parede celular e nas mudanças na degradação da pectina durante o amadurecimento de sapoti (Manilkara zapota cv. Itapirema 31). Frutos de sapotizeiro foram tratados com o inibidor da ação do etileno, 1-MCP, na concentração de 300 nL L-1, por 12 horas e armazenados sob atmosfera modificada, à temperatura de 25± 2º C, por 23 dias. A firmeza, conteúdo de pectina total e solúvel e enzimas da parede celular foram avaliados durante todo o período de armazenamento. O 1-MCP a 300 nL L-1 por 12 horas retardou significativamente o amolecimento de sapoti por 11 dias a 25º C. O tratamento com 1-MCP afetou a atividade das enzimas pectinametilesterase e poligalacturonase e inibiu o aumento da atividade beta-galactosidase por 8 dias, e, conseqüentemente, resultou em menor solubilização das substâncias pécticas. A beta-galactosidase parece ser relevante no amolecimento de sapoti e responsável pela modificação das pectinas e das xiloglucanas ligadas as microfibrilas de celulose.

No Brasil, foi desenvolvido um novo híbrido de mamão obtido através de melhoramento do cruzamento entre um progenitor do Grupo Formosa e um progenitor do Grupo Solo. Recentemente, os produtores de mamões do Rio Grande do Norte introduziram o cultivo desse híbrido em seus pomares: no entanto, os estudos acerca do potencial de conservação desses frutos restringem-se aos testes realizados nas próprias empresas. O presente trabalho propôs-se a avaliar a vida útil pós-colheita do mamão híbrido UENF/Caliman 01 cultivado no Estado do Rio Grande do Norte. Os frutos foram provenientes de um plantio comercial, localizado no município de Ceará-Mirim-RN. Os mamões foram colhidos no estádio de maturação I (menos de 15% da superfície da casca amarela). No galpão de embalagem, os frutos passaram por lavagem, seleção, tratamentos hidrotérmico, imersão em fungicida e cera. No laboratório da Universidade Federal Rural do Semi-Árido (Mossoró-RN), os frutos foram armazenados à temperatura de 25º C ± 2º C e umidade relativa de 55% ± 5%. Aos 0; 2; 4; 6; 8 e 10 dias de armazenamento, realizaram-se avaliações sobre as seguintes variáveis: aparência externa e interna, coloração da casca, perda de massa, firmeza, sólidos solúveis, acidez titulável, pH e açúcares. Esse híbrido apresenta características fenotípicas do Grupo Formosa, com frutos alongados, massa média de 1,28 kg, polpa com espessura de 2,74 cm, coloração vermelha e conteúdo elevado de sólidos solúveis (13,65%) e açúcares (10,53%). As variáveis de qualidade analisadas limitaram a vida útil pós-colheita do híbrido UENF/Caliman 01 em oito dias.A new papaya hybrid was developed in Brazil obtained by breeding with the crossing of progenitors from Solo x Formosa groups. Recently, in the state of Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil, this hybrid was introduced by the farmers in their orchards. However, the studies concerning to the conservation potential of these fruits was limited to the tests accomplished in commercial farms. This work purpose was to evaluate the hybrid UENF/Caliman shelf life produced in the state of Rio Grande Norte. Fruit were harvested at physiological maturity, packaged and transported to the Semi-arid Federal Rural University laboratory, in Mossoró City, state of Rio Grande do Norte . Fruits were stored at 25 ºC (±2) and 55 % (± 5) of relative humidity for 0, 2, 4, 6, 8 and 10 days. The experiment was completely randomized with 6 treatments. Were evaluated the variables: mass loss, external appearance, firmness, pulp color, titratable acidity, pH, soluble solids and total soluble sugars. The hybrid presents phenotypic characteristics of the 'Formosa' papaya group, with elongated fruits, 1,28 kg of medium mass, 2,74 cm of pulp thickness, red coloration of the pulp, high content of soluble solids (13,65%) and sugars (10,53%). The quality variables analyzed limited at postharvest shelf life of the hybrid UENF/Caliman 01 to eight days.

Este trabalho tem como objetivo avaliar o efeito do 1-MCP no controle do amadurecimento de sapoti. Os frutos foram colhidos no estádio de maturação fisiológico (fruto apto para amadurecer separado da planta-mãe), tratados com 0; 300 e 600 nL L-1 de 1-MCP por 12 horas em câmaras vedadas a 25 ± 2ºC e umidade relativa de 70 ± 5%. Ao término do tratamento com 1-MCP, os frutos foram armazenados por 23 dias nas mesmas condições de temperatura e umidade. As variáveis analisadas foram: perda de massa fresca, aparência externa, firmeza, cor da polpa, acidez titulável, pH, sólidos solúveis e açúcares solúveis totais. O 1-metilciclopropeno (1-MCP) retarda o amadurecimento e prolonga a vida útil pós-colheita de sapoti. A concentração de 300 nL.L-1 de 1-MCP apresentou melhores resultados, prolongando a vida útil pós-colheita do sapoti por seis dias.This work aimed to evaluate the effect of different concentrations of 1-MCP on the ripening process of sapodilla. Fruits were harvested at the physiologically mature stage and treated with 0, 300 and 600 nL.L-1 dosages of 1-MCP for 12 hours in hermetically closed chambers at 25 ± 2ºC and 70 ± 5% R.H.. After the 12 h 1-MCP treatment, the fruits were stored for 23 days under the same conditions of temperature and humidity. The parameters analyzed for postharvest quality were: weight loss, external appearance, firmness, pulp color, total titrable acidity, total soluble solids and total soluble sugar content. In sapodilla, 1-MCP delays ripening and prolongs the postharvest shelf life and the 300 nL.L-1 of 1-MCP dosage showed the best results extending the postharvest life of sapodilla in 6 days.

O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar alterações físicas, fisiológicas e químicas, durante a maturação de duas cultivares de sapoti (Manilkara sapota L.), relacionando-as às taxas respiratórias e de liberação de etileno. Os frutos foram colhidos no estádio de maturidade fisiológica, avaliados no dia da colheita e armazenados em temperatura de 26±2ºC e umidade relativa de 55±5%. A atividade respiratória e a produção de etileno foram determinadas diariamente; perda de massa, firmeza, acidez total titulável, pH, sólidos solúveis, açúcares solúveis totais e senescência foram avaliados nos tempos de 0, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10 e 12 dias de armazenamento. A cultivar BRS-228 teve pico respiratório, produção de etileno e senescência retardada em relação à cultivar BRS-227. A cultivar BRS-228 manteve maior firmeza, maiores teores de sólidos solúveis e açúcares solúveis totais, e menor perda de massa do que a cultivar BRS-227. A cultivar BRS-228 apresenta maior potencial de conservação pós-colheita do que a cultivar BRS-227.The objective of this work was to evaluate the physical, physiological and chemical changes during storage of two sapodilla cultivars (Manilkara sapota L.). Fruits were picked and evaluated at the physiological maturation point, and stored at temperature of 26±2ºC and 55±5% relative humidity. Respiration activities and ethylene production were daily evaluated, while the loss of mass, firmness, pulp color, total titratable acidity, pH, soluble solids content, total sugar and senescence were determined in the 0, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10 and 12 days of storage. Fruits of BRS-228 cultivar had respiration activities, ethylene production picks and senescence retarded when compared to BRS-227 cultivar. Fruits of BRS-228 maintained larger firmness, soluble solids and total sugar contents and smaller loss of mass than BRS-227. The cultivar BRS-228 presents higher postharvest storage potential than BRS-227.

Avaliou-se o potencial de vida útil pós-colheita de melões (Cucumis melo L.) tipo Galia (genótipos Primal, Solarking, Total e Vicar). Utilizou-se o delineamento inteiramente casualizado em esquema fatorial 4 (genótipos) x 4 (tempos de armazenamento: 0, 3, 6 e 9 dias), com três repetições. Os frutos foram colhidos no estádio de maturação IV (predominantemente amarelo) e armazenados à temperatura de 20 ± 1ºC e umidade relativa de 50 ± 2%. O genótipo Solarking apresentou uma firmeza média de polpa superior aos demais, do inicio ao final do período de armazenamento. Em todos os genótipos, os valores de sólidos solúveis no início do armazenamento encontraram-se dentro da faixa aceitável para comercialização no mercado externo, havendo pouca variação com o decorrer do período de armazenamento. A aparência interna limitou o tempo de vida útil pós-colheita do genótipo Total em apenas seis dias. Os genótipos Solarking, Vicar e Primal apresentaram maior potencial na conservação pós-colheita, principalmente o híbrido Solarking, que chegou aos nove dias de armazenamento com boa aparência interna.The postharvest life span of Galia (genotypes Primal, Solarking, Total, and Vicar) melons (Cucumis melo L.) was evaluated by a four (genotypes) x four (storage periods: 0, 3, 6, and 9 days) factorial experiment, in a completely randomized design with three replications. The fruits were harvested at maturation stage IV (yellow color predominance), and stored under 20 ± 1ºC and HR 50 ± 2%. Solarking's average firmness was better than that of the other genotypes during the experimental period. At the beginning of the experiment all genotypes had soluble solids contents at the level (eight to ten percent) required for exportation, with these levels varying slightly during storage. The internal aspect limited to six days the postharvest life span of genotype Total. Solarking, Vicar, and Primal showed great postharvest conservation potential, particularly the genotype Solarking, which showed an adequate internal aspect up to the ninth day of storage.

Estudos sobre o fruto da mangueira geralmente são realizados por métodos destrutivos, os quais modificam o sistema fisiológico que alimenta os frutos remanescentes, em decorrência de alterações na relação fonte dreno da panícula. Objetivou-se com este trabalho estudar o grau de correlação entre variáveis do crescimento, a fim de determinar métodos não-destrutivos capazes de definir o estádio de desenvolvimento da manga. O experimento foi conduzido em pomar comercial da Empresa FRUNORTE, em Assu-RN. Foram marcadas 200 panículas de 200 árvores selecionadas aos 32 dias após o inicio do pleno florescimento. Realizaram-se medições dos diâmetros longitudinais, ventrais e dorsais dos frutos na planta. Foram retiradas amostras de 20 frutos/tratamento com idades de 32, 46, 60, 74, 82, 89, 96 e 103 dias após o florescimento pleno, e avaliados quanto ao peso da massa fresca (MF) e seca (MS) e volume. Os diâmetros longitudinais, ventrais e dorsais foram medidos com paquímetro digital e os resultados foram utilizados para o cálculo do produto dos diâmetros. A MF e volume foram as variáveis que apresentaram maior grau de correlação. As correlações da MF com o produto dos diâmetros e do volume do fruto com o produto dos diâmetros também foram altas. A MS correlacionou-se com o produto dos diâmetros, apresentando valor de r = 0,94. Com esses dados sugere-se que se pode estimar a MF e a MS dos frutos mediante métodos não-destrutivos, como a determinação do volume e o produto dos diâmetros.Usually, studies on the development of mango fruits are made by destructive methods, which modify the physiologic system feeding the remaining fruits, due to alterations in the source and sink relationship. The objective of the work was to study the relationship among growth variables, in order to establish a non-destructive method capable of defining fruit development stages. The experiment was carried out in a commercial orchard at the FRUNORTE farm, in Assu-RN. The fruits were harvested from 200 trees and had their fresh (FM) and dry matter (DM) weights, volume, and dorsal, ventral and longitudinal diameters evaluated at 32, 46, 60, 74, 82, 89, 96, and 103 days after full bloom. The products of the longitudinal, ventral and dorsal diameters were used as a new variable. Correlation analyses showed a high coefficient regarding the variables FM and volume. High correlation coefficients were also found between FM and volume against product of diameters. A correlation coefficient (r) of 0,94 was found between DM and the product of diameters. Therefore, it can be concluded that during the development of fruit, FM and FD could be estimated through non-destructives methods from determination of volume or the product of the fruit diameters.

Este trabalho foi desenvolvido em um pomar comercial do Pólo Agrícola Mossoró-Assu, localizado no município de Assu-RN. Teve como objetivo caracterizar e determinar o melhor estádio de maturação para a colheita de mangas 'Tommy Atkins' destinadas ao mercado Europeu. Os frutos foram marcados e avaliados aos 82 (E1), 89 (E2), 96 (E3) e 103 (E4) dias após a floração plena (DFP) e no estádio de colheita comercial (EC)., As avaliações foram feitas por ocasião da colheita e após 21 dias de armazenamento refrigerado (13 ± 1° C e 99 % UR). As variáveis analisadas foram cor da casca e da polpa do fruto, perda de massa, firmeza, sólidos solúveis totais (SST), acidez total titulável (ATT), relação SST/ATT, açúcares solúveis totais (AST), amido e atividade respiratória. Observou-se que, os picos climatéricos ocorreram aos 10 dias após a colheita nos frutos colhidos no estádio E2 e aos 7 dias nos colhidos nos estádios E3 e EC. Os frutos colhidos nos estádios E2, E3, E4 e EC amadureceram normalmente após 21 dias de armazenamento refrigerado. Sendo que os colhidos nos estádios E3 e EC se apresentaram muito semelhantes e alcançaram melhor qualidade, indicando que a colheita pode ser realizada nesses estádios, e que o período de 96 DFP pode ser considerado como mais um indicador do ponto de colheita.

A qualidade da banana constitui fator importante na comercialização, principalmente quando destinado ao consumo in natura.Com isso, para obtenção e manutenção da qualidade dos frutos são necessárias condições satisfatórias durante a sua produção, estádio de maturação e manuseio pós-colheita adequados. Desta forma, o objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a qualidade pós-colheita de três cultivares de bananas (Prata, Maçã e Nanica) comercializadas na feira livre do município de Pombal - PB, durante o período de outubro a novembro de 2008. Foram avaliados, semanalmente, oito frutos de cada cultivar. As características avaliadas foram: massa dos frutos, rendimento de polpa, comprimento, diâmetro, aparência externa, firmeza, acidez titulável (AT), sólidos solúveis (SS), pH e relação SS/AT. Após a coleta dos dados foi realizada a análise descritiva das características avaliadas. Foi encontrada alta incidência de manchas e/ou podridões que comprometeram a aparência externa das bananas Prata, Maçã e Nanica. No entanto, estas mudanças observadas na aparência externa dos frutos não alteraram os teores de acidez e sólido solúveis da polpa das bananas.

Compostos bioativos e atividade antioxidante de Ximenia americana oriunda de diferentes locais de coleta. O trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar os compostos bioativos e a atividade antioxidante da fração comestível (polpa e casca) nos estádios de maturação verde e maduro do fruto e da semente da ameixa silvestre (Ximenia americana L.) proveniente de diferentes locais de ocorrência de produção na região semiárida do Brasil. Para caracterização da fração comestível o experimento foi conduzido em delineamento inteiramente casualizado em esquema fatorial 3 x 2, sendo o primeiro fator os locais de coleta e o segundo fator os estádios de maturação, com 4 repetições com 25 frutos cada. Já para as sementes o experimento foi conduzido em delineamento inteiramente casualizado, com 4 repetições, totalizando 25 sementes por parcela experimental. Os frutos foram coletados nas comunidades de Mulunguzinho, Pau Branco e Mata do Meio, no município de Mossoró, RN, Brasil. A fração comestível do fruto da Ximenia americana contém elevados teores de vitamina C (160,26 mg/100 g), flavonoides amarelos (43,12 mg/100 g), polifenóis extraíveis totais (3066,48 mg/100 g) e atividade antioxidante (365,55 g fruit/g DPPH e 251,70 μmol Trolox/g) e as sementes elevados teores de polifenóis (2067,56 mg/100 g) e atividade antioxidante (373,80 g fruit/g DPPH e 279,96 251,70 μmol Trolox/g). A fração comestível do fruto verde contém maior conteúdo de polifenóis extraíveis totais, carotenoides totais, flavonoides amarelos e antocianina totais. A fração comestível e as sementes dos frutos provenientes da comunidade de Pau Branco contém menor conteúdo de polifenóis extraíveis totais e atividade antioxidante.

RESUMO A composição química e o estádio de maturação podem interferir no ponto de colheita do sapoti, a depender da destinação do fruto. Consequentemente, objetivou-se, com este trabalho, avaliar a influência da adubação potássica na qualidade e no potencial antioxidante do sapoti, em diferentes estádios de desenvolvimento. O experimento foi instalado na fazenda Norfruit, em Pau Branco, Mossoró, RN. O delineamento adotado foi em blocos casualizados, em esquema fatorial 5 x 6, composto por cinco doses de potássio (0, 200, 400, 600 e 800 g de K por planta) e seis estádios de desenvolvimento, com cinco repetições. Os frutos foram marcados ao atingirem 10 a 15 mm de comprimento; sendo colhidos e avaliados 90, 120, 150, 180 e 200 dias após sua marcação e completamente maduros (após oito dias de armazenamento a 25 ± 2 ºC e 58 ± 5% UR). O sapoti pode ser colhido 200 dias após a floração plena, quando atinge seu tamanho máximo e apresenta qualidade adequada para o consumo. O sapoti maduro tem maior teor de açúcares e menor concentração de compostos bioativos e atividade antioxidante. A dose de 400 g por planta de K proporciona frutos de maior massa, com maiores concentrações de polifenóis extraíveis totais e atividade antioxidante. A atividade antioxidante do sapoti está mais correlacionada com a concentração de polifenóis extraíveis totais.

Because of the food and industrial importance of tomato, it holds great significance, and is one of the most produced species using the hydroponic cultivation systems. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of different concentrations of nutrient solution on the production and quality of cherry tomatoes (Lycopersicon esculentum ‘Samambaia’) grown in a hydroponic system in protected conditions. The experiment was conducted in pots filled with coconut fiber substrate using a randomized complete block design with four replications and six plants per plot. Five concentrations of nutrients were evaluated (50, 75, 100, 125, and 150% of the standard nutrient solution); the solutions produced the following electrical conductivities: 1.8, 2.0, 2.6, 3.4, and 3.9 dS m-1, respectively. At 90 days after transplanting, the tomato fruits were harvested, at which time the production variables and post-harvest quality of mature fruits were determined. The best production and post-harvest quality indexes of cherry tomatoes (‘Samambaia’) were found when using 111% of the standard nutrient solution, corresponding to the concentrations of 9.44, 2.44, 2.22, 6.44, 4.11, 2.44, and 2.78 mmolc L-1, of NO3-, NH4+, P, K, Ca, Mg, and S, respectively; and 66.6, 55.5, 14.4, 1.89, 0.56, and 0.44 mmolc L-1, of Fe, B, Mn, Zn, Cu, and Mo, respectively. Nutrient solutions with electrical conductivity above 2.89 dS m-1 severely reduced the fruit yield of cherry tomatoes.

In perennial crops, fertilizers are applied to restore the amount of nutrient removed from the plant by harvesting. Nevertheless, the immobilized nutrient inside the whole plant should be considered. Based on it, the nutrient concentrations in the guava leaf and fruit and the nutrient contents removed by fruits and post-harvest pruning were evaluated in an irrigated orchard, in Petrolina, State of Pernambuco, Brazil. The greatest contents removed by fruits were N and K among the macronutrients, while Fe, Zn and Mn presented higher levels among the micronutrients. More than 60% of the total content of N, P, K, Mg, Fe, and B removed by pruning were immobilized in the leaf and non-marketable fruit.A aplicação de fertilizantes em culturas perenes baseia-se na reposição das quantidades de nutrientes removidas pelos frutos, mas a imobilização de nutrientes deve ser também considerada. Assim, foram determinadas as concentrações de nutrientes nas folhas e nos frutos da goiabeira cv.Paluma, irrigada, em Petrolina-PE, bem como as quantidades de nutrientes removidas pelos frutos e pela poda de frutificação do ciclo seguinte. Entre os macronutrientes, o N e o K foram os mais removidos pelos frutos, enquanto o Fe , o Zn e Mn apresentaram maiores valores entre os micronutrientes. No mínimo, 60% das quantidades totais de N,P,K,Fe e B removidas pela poda estavam imobilizadas na folha e no fruto não-comerciável.

Experimentos inteiramente casualizados foram conduzidos em condições de viveiro com o objetivo de verificar a importância da permanência de cotilédones no desenvolvimento de ramificações nas axilas cotiledonares de plântulas de Phaseolus vulgaris L., Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp., Leucaena leucocephala (Lam.) De Wit, Prosopis juliflora (Sw.), Tamarindus indica L. e Delonix regia L. Os tratamentos foram: remoção de ambos os cotilédones nos primeiro, segundo e terceiro dias da emergência, remoção de um só cotilédone no primeiro dia da emergência e não remoção de cotilédones. A recuperação do desenvolvimento em plântulas de P. vulgaris, avaliada através da ocorrência de ramificações, independe do número de cotilédones removidos no período de um a três dias da emergência, mas é menos eficiente que em V. unguiculata. A remoção de ambos os cotilédones em plântulas de V. unguiculata, no dia da emergência, afetou a recuperação do desenvolvimento dessas plântulas em comparação com os outros tratamentos. Em plântulas de L leucocephala, P. juliflora, T. indica e D. regia, a remoção de ambos os cotilédones, no período de um a três dias da emergência, sugere o aumento de mortalidade nessas plântulas. A remoção de um único cotilédone não afetou significativamente o percentual de sobrevivência das plântulas nem limitou o surgimento de brotações à axila cotiledonar correspondente ao cotilédone removido.Completely randomized experiments under greenhouse conditions were carried to study the role of cotyledons on the cotyledonal axillary shooting of Phaseolus vulgaris L., Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp., Leucaena leucocephala (Lam.) De Wit, Prosopis juliflora (Sw.), Tamarindus indica L. and Delonix regia L. The seedlings underwent the following treatments: removal of both cotyledons on the first to the third day after emergence, removal of only one cotyledon on the first day of emergence, and no cotyledon removal. Growth recovery in P. vulgaris seedlings, as evaluated through shooting occurrence, is independent of the number of cotyledons removed on the first to the third day after emergence, but it was mostly less effective than that in V. unguiculata. Growth recovery in V. unguiculata seedlings was less effective when both cotyledons were removed on the first day of emergence as compared to the other treatments. In L. leucocephala, P. juliflora, T. indica, and D. regia seedlings, the removal of both cotyledons, on the first to the third day after emergence, suggests an increase in the mortality of seedlings. The removal of only one cotyledon did not significantly affect the percentage of seedling survival nor limit shooting to the corresponding axil of the removed cotyledon.