13 results on '"Leal, Andrea Fachel"'
Search Results
2. Acceptability and Usability of Self-Sampling for the Detection of Sexually Transmitted Infections Among Transgender Women: The TransOdara Multicentric Study in Brazil
- Author
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McCartney, Daniel Jason, Bassichetto, Katia Cristina, Leal, Andrea Fachel, Knauth, Daniela, Dourado, Inês, Magno, Laio, Carvalho da Silva, Roberto José, Mayaud, Philippe, and Veras, Maria Amélia
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- 2024
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3. Perceived Risk of HIV Infection and Acceptability of PrEP among Men Who Have Sex with Men in Brazil
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Soares, Fabiane, Magno, Laio, da Silva, Luís Augusto V., Guimarães, Mark Drew Crosland, Leal, Andrea Fachel, Knauth, Daniela, Veras, Maria Amélia, de Brito, Ana Maria, Kendall, Carl, Kerr, Ligia Regina Franco Sansigolo, and Dourado, Inês
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- 2023
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4. Factors associated with loss to follow up among HIV-exposed children: a historical cohort study from 2000 to 2017, in Porto Alegre, Brazil
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da Silva Calvo, Karen, Knauth, Daniela Riva, Hentges, Bruna, Leal, Andrea Fachel, da Silva, Mariana Alberto, Silva, Danielle Lodi, Vasques, Samantha Correa, Hamester, Letícia, da Silva, Daila Alena Raenck, Dorneles, Fernanda Vaz, Fraga, Fernando Santana, Bobek, Paulo Ricardo, and Teixeira, Luciana Barcellos
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- 2022
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5. A scoping review of how exposure to urban violence impacts youth access to sexual, reproductive and trauma health care in LMICs.
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Green, Gill, Swartz, Alison, Tembo, Doreen, Cooper, Diane, George, Asha, Matzopoulos, Richard, Leal, Andrea Fachel, Cabral, Cristiane, Barbosa, Regina, and Knauth, Daniela
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ONLINE information services ,PSYCHOLOGY information storage & retrieval systems ,CINAHL database ,HEALTH services accessibility ,MIDDLE-income countries ,TRAUMA centers ,SYSTEMATIC reviews ,VIOLENCE ,SOCIAL stigma ,HELP-seeking behavior ,LOW-income countries ,INTERPERSONAL relations ,SEX crimes ,HEALTH attitudes ,RESEARCH funding ,METROPOLITAN areas ,MEDLINE ,SEXUAL health ,REPRODUCTIVE health ,ERIC (Information retrieval system) - Abstract
Violence in the community can impact access to health care. This scoping review examines the impact of urban violence upon youth (aged 15–24) access to sexual and reproductive health and trauma care in Low and Middle Income Countries (LMICs). We searched key electronic health and other databases for primary peer-reviewed studies from 2010 through June 2020. Thirty five of 6712 studies extracted met criteria for inclusion. They were diverse in terms of study objective and design but clear themes emerged. First, youth experience the environment and interpersonal relationships to be violent which impacts their access to health care. Second, sexual assault care is often inadequate, and stigma and abuse are sometimes reported in treatment settings. Third is the low rate of health seeking among youth living in a violent environment. Fourth is the paucity of literature focusing on interventions to address these issues. The scoping review suggests urban violence is a structural and systemic issue that, particularly in low-income areas in LMICs, contributes to framing the conditions for accessing health care. There is a gap in evidence about interventions that will support youth to access good quality health care in complex scenarios where violence is endemic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2023
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6. Legibilidade e gestão da saúde: notas etnográficas sobre o comitê municipal de mortalidade por AIDS de Porto Alegre
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Lui, Lizandro and Leal, Andrea Fachel
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comitê de mortalidade por aids ,legibilidade ,Legibility ,Public policies ,Legibilidade ,lcsh:Social Sciences ,lcsh:H ,políticas públicas ,Legibilidad ,Comité de mortalidad por SIDA ,Políticas públicas ,lcsh:H1-99 ,AIDS mortality committee ,lcsh:Social sciences (General) ,Comitê de mortalidade por AIDS - Abstract
We discuss how the first AIDS Mortality Committee created at Brazil works based on the theoretical framework provided by Scott’s concept of legibility. Based on ethnographic observations and in-depth interviews, from fieldwork carried out in 2014-2015, we analyze both the process of governance and of policy creation within this newly create institutional space. The Committee members, through collaborative relations and sometimes disagreements, use different tools to map and document those processes that resulted in a premature and avoidable AIDS death in Porto Alegre (RS). The Committee formulates recommendations and suggestions based on those patients’ itineraries who have become legible – despite being patients who are at State margins. Those recommendations center on how the health services could improve, but fall short of discussing direct and immediate actions that could change those social conditions that have put these subjects who have died at the margins. Este artículo tiene como objetivo discutir el funcionamiento del primer Comité de Mortalidad por SIDA de Brasil con base principalmente en el concepto de legibilidad de Scott. A partir de observaciones de cuño etnográfico y entrevistas en profundidad con los miembros del Comité, realizadas en 2014-15, se discute los procesos de gobernanza y de formulación de políticas públicas en el espacio institucional recién creado del Comité. Los miembros del Comité, en relaciones que pueden ser de colaboración o de divergencia, echan mano de diferentes herramientas para mapear y documentar los procesos que resultaron en un óbito considerado por todos evitable y precoz de personas que viven con SIDA en Porto Alegre (RS). La trayectoria, hecha legible, de los pacientes que están a orillas del Estado permite la formulación de recomendaciones del Comité sobre el funcionamiento de los servicios de salud, pero no aseguran sugerencias de acciones más inmediatas y directas sobre las condiciones sociales que engendran la situación marginal de aquellos que murieron. Este artigo tem como objetivo discutir o funcionamento do primeiro Comitê de Mortalidade por AIDS do Brasil com base principalmente no conceito de legibilidade de Scott. A partir de observações de cunho etnográfico e entrevistas em profundidade com os membros do Comitê, realizadas em 2014-15, discutese os processos de governança e de formulação de políticas públicas no espaço institucional recém-criado do Comitê. Os membros do Comitê, em relações que podem ser de colaboração ou de divergência, lançam mão de diferentes ferramentas para mapear e documentar os processos que resultaram num óbito considerado por todos evitável e precoce de pessoas que vivem com AIDS em Porto Alegre (RS). A trajetória, tornada legível, dos pacientes que estão às margens do Estado permite a formulação de recomendações do Comitê sobre o funcionamento dos serviços de saúde, mas não asseguram sugestões de ações mais imediatas e diretas sobre as condições sociais que engendram a situação marginal daqueles que morreram.
- Published
- 2018
7. Inquérito sobre o HIV entre HSH no Brasil em 2016 usando respondent-driven sampling (RDS) : descrição dos métodos e dos diagnósticos do RDS
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Kendall, Carl, Kerr, Ligia Regina Franco Sansigolo, Leal, Andrea Fachel, Knauth, Daniela Riva, and Johnston, Lisa G.
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AIDS ,Brasil [Saúde] ,Statistics ,Methods ,HIV ,Minorias sexuais e de gênero ,Sexual and gender minorities ,Método ,HIV antibodies ,Brazil - Abstract
Introduction: This paper details the methods used in the second national Biological and Behavioral Surveillance Survey (BBSS) of HIV, syphilis, and hepatitis B and C among men who have sex with men in Brazil. Methods: Respondent-driven sampling (RDS) was used in 12 cities in 2016. The targeted sample size was initiated with five to six seeds in each city. HIV, syphilis, and Hepatitis B and C rapid tests were offered to participants. RDS Analyst with Gile’s successive sampling (SS) estimator was used to adjust results as recommended and a weight for each individual was generated for further analysis. Data for the 12 cities were merged and analyzed using Stata 14.0 complex survey data tools with each city treated as its own stratum. Results: Duration of data collection varied from 5.9 to 17.6 weeks. 4,176 men were recruited in the 12 cities. Two sites failed to achieve targeted sample size due to a six-month delay in local IRB approval. No city failed to reach convergence in our major outcome variable (HIV). Conclusion: The comprehensive BBSS was completed as planned and on budget. The description of methods here is more detailed than usual, due to new diagnostic tools and requirements of the new STROBE-RDS guidelines.
- Published
- 2019
8. Acceptability of HIV self-testing is low among men who have sex with men who have not tested for HIV: a study with respondent-driven sampling in Brazil.
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Magno, Laio, Leal, Andrea Fachel, Knauth, Daniela, Dourado, Inês, Guimarães, Mark Drew Crosland, Santana, Elis Passos, Jordão, Tiago, Rocha, Gustavo Machado, Veras, Maria Amélia, Kendall, Carl, Pontes, Alexandre Kerr, de Brito, Ana Maria, Kerr, Ligia, The Brazilian HIV/MSM Surveillance Group, Pontes, Alexandre K., Camillo, Ana C., Brito, Ana M., Magalhães, Ageu, Motta-Castro, Ana R. C., and Knauthe Andréa F Leal, Daniela R.
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MEN who have sex with men , *HIV , *HIV infection epidemiology , *DIAGNOSIS of HIV infections , *HOMOSEXUALITY , *AIDS serodiagnosis , *PATIENTS' attitudes , *INTELLECT , *CONDOMS , *HEALTH self-care , *EDUCATIONAL attainment - Abstract
Background: Brazil has many people living with HIV (PLWH) who are unaware of their serostatus. The public health system has recently added HIV self-testing (HIVST) for key populations such as men who have sex with men (MSM). This study estimates HIVST acceptability among Brazilian MSM and explores factors associated with acceptability among MSM who have never tested for HIV or who had a previous negative result.Methods: Respondent-driven sampling (RDS) was used to recruit 4176 MSM in 12 Brazilian cities in 2016 to this biological and behavioral surveillance study. We excluded from this analysis all MSM who were aware of their positive HIV serostatus. Descriptive, bivariate and multivariate analyses were conducted. Overall proportions were weighted with Gile's estimator in RDS Analyst software and 95% confidence intervals were calculated. The analyses of HIVST acceptability were stratified by prior HIV testing (never or one or more times).Results: For this analysis, 3605 MSM were included. The acceptability of HIVST was 49.1%, lower among those who had never tested for HIV (42.7%) compared to those who had a previous HIV negative test (50.1%). In the subgroup of MSM who had never tested for HIV, those who reported discrimination or who had a medical appointment in the last 12 months reported higher HIVST acceptability. Among MSM who had a previous negative HIV test, only those reporting condomless receptive anal sex reported higher HIVST acceptability. In addition, we observed that high levels of knowledge of HIV/AIDS, taking part in lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender nongovernmental organizations (LGBT-NGO), or complete secondary or incomplete higher undergraduate education reported higher acceptability.Conclusions: The acceptability of HIVST was low among MSM, especially among those who never tested for HIV. Given access to HIVST in Brazil, we point to the need for programs that enhance promotion of testing addressed to MSM. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2020
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9. Comparing HIV risk-related behaviors between 2 RDS national samples of MSM in Brazil, 2009 and 2016.
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Guimarães, Mark Drew Crosland, Kendall, Carl, Magno, Laio, Rocha, Gustavo Machado, Knauth, Daniela Riva, Leal, Andrea Fachel, Dourado, Ines, Veras, Maria Amélia, Brito, Ana Maria de, Kerr, Ligia Regina Franco Sansigolo, Maatouk., Ismaël, Guimarães, Mark Drew Crosland, Veras, Maria Amélia, and Brazilian HIV/MSM Surveillance Group
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- 2018
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10. Survival and predictors of death in tuberculosis/HIV coinfection cases in Porto Alegre, Brazil: A historical cohort from 2009 to 2013.
- Author
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Brand ÉM, Rossetto M, Hentges B, Winkler GB, Duarte ERM, Silva LCD, Leal AF, Knauth DR, Silva DL, Mantese GHA, Volpato TF, Bobek PR, Dellanhese APF, and Teixeira LB
- Abstract
Background: Tuberculosis is a curable disease, which remains the leading cause of death among infectious diseases worldwide, and it is the leading cause of death in people living with HIV. The purpose is to examine survival and predictors of death in Tuberculosis/HIV coinfection cases from 2009 to 2013., Methods: We estimated the survival of 2,417 TB/HIV coinfection cases in Porto Alegre, from diagnosis up to 85 months of follow-up. We estimated hazard ratios and survival curves., Results: The adjusted risk ratio (aRR) for death, by age, hospitalization, and Directly Observed Treatment was 4.58 for new cases (95% CI: 1.14-18.4), 4.51 for recurrence (95% CI: 1.11-18.4) and 4.53 for return after abandonment (95% CI: 1.12-18.4). The average survival time was 72.56 ± 1.57 months for those who underwent Directly Observed Treatment and 62.61 ± 0.77 for those who did not., Conclusions: Case classification, age, and hospitalization are predictors of death. The occurrence of Directly Observed Treatment was a protective factor that increased the probability of survival. Policies aimed at reducing the mortality of patients with TB/HIV coinfection are needed., Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist., (Copyright: © 2021 Brand et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.)
- Published
- 2021
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11. Discrimination based on sexual orientation against MSM in Brazil: a latent class analysis.
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Magno L, Silva LAVD, Guimarães MDC, Veras MASM, Deus LFA, Leal AF, Knauth DR, Brito AM, Rocha GM, Lima LNGC, Kendall C, Motta-Castro ARC, Kerr LRFS, Mota RMS, Merchan-Hamann E, and Dourado IC
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- Adult, Brazil epidemiology, Cross-Sectional Studies, Discrimination, Psychological, Homosexuality, Male ethnology, Humans, Latent Class Analysis, Male, Self Report, Sexism ethnology, Socioeconomic Factors, Homosexuality, Male statistics & numerical data, Sexism statistics & numerical data
- Abstract
Introduction: Discrimination based on sexual orientation can influence vulnerability to HIV, increasing exposure to risky sexual behavior among men who have sex with men (MSM)., Objectives: To analyze data using latent class analysis (LCA) to identify groups of individuals with specific patterns of discrimination based on sexual orientation (DSO)., Methods: Cross-sectional study using respondent-driven sampling in 12 Brazilian cities in 2016. LCA was used to characterize discrimination among MSM based on 13 variables in the survey questionnaire. The proportions of men reporting DSO and other variables of interest were estimated using Gile's Successive Sampling estimator., Results: Most MSM were young, single, had a religion, had a high school or college degree, black or brown skin color, and socioeconomic status classified as average. More than half of the participants reported that they had been discriminated against during the last 12 months due to their sexual orientation (65%), more than a third said they had felt afraid of walking in public places during the past 12 months, and about one-fifth of participants reported having been victims of physical or sexual assault due to DSO. DSO was classified into four latent classes: "very high", "high", "moderate" and "low", with estimates of 2.2%, 16.4%, 35.1%, and 46.19%, respectively., Conclusion: We observed a high proportion of discrimination against MSM in this study. The use of LCA differentiated parsimoniously classes of discrimination.
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- 2019
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12. HIV/AIDS knowledge among MSM in Brazil: a challenge for public policies.
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Guimarães MDC, Magno L, Ceccato MDGB, Gomes RRFM, Leal AF, Knauth DR, Veras MASM, Dourado I, Brito AM, Kendall C, and Kerr LRFS
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- Adult, Brazil, Cross-Sectional Studies, Health Risk Behaviors, Humans, Logistic Models, Male, Multivariate Analysis, Socioeconomic Factors, Surveys and Questionnaires, HIV Infections prevention & control, Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice, Homosexuality, Male statistics & numerical data
- Abstract
Introduction: High level of HIV/AIDS knowledge is required for an effective adoption of preventive strategies., Objective: To assess HIV/AIDS knowledge among men who have sex with men (MSM) in 12 Brazilian cities., Methods: Respondent-Driven Sampling method was used for recruitment. HIV/AIDS knowledge was assessed by Item Response Theory. Difficulty and discrimination parameters were estimated, and the knowledge score was categorized in three levels: high, medium, and low. Logistic regression was used for analysis., Results: Among 4,176 MSM, the proportion of high level of knowledge was 23.7%. The following variables were positively associated with high knowledge (p < 0.05): age 25+ years old, 12+ years of schooling, white skin color, having health insurance, having suffered discrimination due to sexual orientation, having had a syphilis test, and having received educational material in the previous 12 months. Exchanging sex for money was negatively associated., Conclusions: The proportion of only 23.7% of high HIV/AIDS knowledge was low. We should note that the only potential source of knowledge acquisition associated with high level of knowledge was receiving educational materials. Our study indicates the need for expansion of public prevention policies focused on MSM and with more effective communication strategies, including the development of knowledge that involves motivation and abilities for a safer behavior.
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- 2019
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13. The 12 city HIV Surveillance Survey among MSM in Brazil 2016 using respondent-driven sampling: a description of methods and RDS diagnostics.
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Kendall C, Kerr L, Mota RS, Guimarães MDC, Leal AF, Merchan-Hamann E, Dourado IC, Veras MA, Brito AM, Pontes AK, Castro ARCM, Macena RHM, Knauth D, Linda LC, Oliveira LC, Cavalcante S, Camillo AC, Bermudez XPD, Moreira RC, Benzaken AS, Pereira G, Pascom ARP, Pimenta C, and Grazina Johnston L
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- Adult, Brazil epidemiology, HIV Infections epidemiology, Health Surveys methods, Hepatitis B epidemiology, Hepatitis C epidemiology, Humans, Male, Population Surveillance, Prevalence, Self Report, Surveys and Questionnaires, Syphilis epidemiology, HIV Infections diagnosis, Hepatitis B diagnosis, Hepatitis C diagnosis, Homosexuality, Male statistics & numerical data, Syphilis diagnosis
- Abstract
Introduction: This paper details the methods used in the second national Biological and Behavioral Surveillance Survey (BBSS) of HIV, syphilis, and hepatitis B and C among men who have sex with men in Brazil., Methods: Respondent-driven sampling (RDS) was used in 12 cities in 2016. The targeted sample size was initiated with five to six seeds in each city. HIV, syphilis, and Hepatitis B and C rapid tests were offered to participants. RDS Analyst with Gile's successive sampling (SS) estimator was used to adjust results as recommended and a weight for each individual was generated for further analysis. Data for the 12 cities were merged and analyzed using Stata 14.0 complex survey data tools with each city treated as its own stratum., Results: Duration of data collection varied from 5.9 to 17.6 weeks. 4,176 men were recruited in the 12 cities. Two sites failed to achieve targeted sample size due to a six-month delay in local IRB approval. No city failed to reach convergence in our major outcome variable (HIV)., Conclusion: The comprehensive BBSS was completed as planned and on budget. The description of methods here is more detailed than usual, due to new diagnostic tools and requirements of the new STROBE-RDS guidelines.
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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